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Cisco IOS & Router ConfigCisco IOS & Router ConfigSemester 2V2Semester 2V2

Chapter 7 Chapter 7

Chapter 8Chapter 8

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Routers boot Cisco IOS software from:Routers boot Cisco IOS software from:

Flash memory Flash memory

TFTP server TFTP server

ROM (not full Cisco IOS software)ROM (not full Cisco IOS software)

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Cisco IOS software allows you to use several alternatives to loading your system. (router)

•You can specify other sources for the router to look for software.

•The router can use its own fallback sequence, as necessary, to load the software.• •The settings in the configuration register enable the alternatives.

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Router Fallback SequenceRouter Fallback Sequence

It can use default Cisco IOS in Flash memory.It can use default Cisco IOS in Flash memory.

If Flash memory is empty, the router can try If Flash memory is empty, the router can try its next TFTP alternative.its next TFTP alternative.

The router uses the configuration register value to form a The router uses the configuration register value to form a filename from which to boot a default system image stored on filename from which to boot a default system image stored on a network server. a network server.

ROM may contain an older version of IOSROM may contain an older version of IOS

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To check the boot field setting, and to verify the config-register command, use the show version command.

[Router(config)# config-register]

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Show VersionShow Version Command Command

Displays information about the Cisco Displays information about the Cisco IOS software IOS software

versionversion that is currently running on the router. that is currently running on the router. This includes the This includes the configuration register and the boot configuration register and the boot

field settingfield setting . . The highlighted line at the bottom of the graphic shows The highlighted line at the bottom of the graphic shows

the the system image file.system image file. You will learn about Cisco IOS You will learn about Cisco IOS software software Release 11.2 image namingRelease 11.2 image naming conventions conventions later in this lesson. For now, notice the portion of the later in this lesson. For now, notice the portion of the filename that indicates that this image is for a filename that indicates that this image is for a Cisco Cisco 4500 platform4500 platform..

As it continues to output, the As it continues to output, the show versionshow version command command displays information about the type of platform on displays information about the type of platform on which the version of Cisco IOS software is currently which the version of Cisco IOS software is currently running. running.

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Boot System Commands to Specify Boot System Commands to Specify the Fallback Sequencethe Fallback Sequence

Flash memoryFlash memory - You can copy a system image by changing the - You can copy a system image by changing the electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). The electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). The information stored in Flash memory is not vulnerable to network failures information stored in Flash memory is not vulnerable to network failures that can occur when loading system images from TFTP servers. that can occur when loading system images from TFTP servers.

Network serverNetwork server - In case Flash memory becomes corrupted, you - In case Flash memory becomes corrupted, you provide for a backup by specifying that a system image should be provide for a backup by specifying that a system image should be loaded loaded from a TFTP serverfrom a TFTP server..

ROMROM - If Flash memory is corrupted and the network server fails to load - If Flash memory is corrupted and the network server fails to load the image, the image, booting from ROM is the final bootstrap option in softwarebooting from ROM is the final bootstrap option in software. .

However, the system image in ROM will likely be a subset of Cisco IOS However, the system image in ROM will likely be a subset of Cisco IOS software, that lacks the protocols, features, and configurations of full software, that lacks the protocols, features, and configurations of full Cisco IOS software. Also, if you have updated the software since you Cisco IOS software. Also, if you have updated the software since you

purchased the router. it may bean older version of Cisco IOS software,purchased the router. it may bean older version of Cisco IOS software,

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Boot system flash “name”

Boot from a Server

Boot from a ROM

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First step when preparing to copying between TFTP and Flash

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Preparing For TFTPPreparing For TFTP

Copying software between the TFTP host and Flash memory in the router. Copying software between the TFTP host and Flash memory in the router. However, before you do this, you must prepare for the TF server by However, before you do this, you must prepare for the TF server by

checking the following preliminary conditionschecking the following preliminary conditions: : On the router, check to make sure that you can see and write into Flash On the router, check to make sure that you can see and write into Flash

memory. Verify that the router has sufficient room in Flash memory to memory. Verify that the router has sufficient room in Flash memory to accommodate the Cisco IOS software image. accommodate the Cisco IOS software image.

From the router, check to make sure that you can access the TFTP From the router, check to make sure that you can access the TFTP server over the TCP/IP network. The server over the TCP/IP network. The pingping command is one method that command is one method that can help you check this.can help you check this.

On the TFTP server, check to make sure you know the file or file space On the TFTP server, check to make sure you know the file or file space for the Cisco IOS software image. For upload and download operations, for the Cisco IOS software image. For upload and download operations, you need to specify a path or filename. you need to specify a path or filename.

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If there is insufficient free memory, you will not be able to copy or load the image, which means that you can either try to obtain a smaller Cisco IOS software image or increase the available memory on the router.

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The naming convention for Cisco IOS Release 11.2 contains three parts:

1. the platform on which the image runs (cpa25)

2. a letter or series of letters identifies the special capabilities and feature sets supported in the image ( cg )

3. specifies where the image runs and whether it has been zipped, or

compressed

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One reason for this upload to the server would be to provide a fallback copy of the current image prior to updating the image with a new version. Then, if problems develop with the new version, the administrator can download the backed-up image and return to the image that was running before the update attempt.

copy flash tftp -- send image to server

show flash --- to view name of system image file

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After you have provided for a backup copy of the current Cisco IOS software image, you can load a new image.

You download the new image from the TFTP server by using the command copy tftp flash.

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Configuration register for password recovery for a 2500 router? -- 0x2142

Command to configure a Ethernet port? --

•Router (config)# int E0 ip address subnet mask

•Routing Protocol -- Router(config)# router rip

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8.1.2.1. Make a flowchart showing the router configuration process.

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8.1.3.1. Describe and perform the router password recovery procedure on 1600 and 2500 series routers.