insights into the electrochemical reduction of co2 …...c nmr for liquid phase products kuhl, k.p.,...
TRANSCRIPT
Insights into the electrochemical reduction of CO2 on tin electrodes
Jeremy T. Feaster Global Climate and Energy Project Conference
October 13, 2015
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Sn Electrodes
for CO2 Reduction
Motivation: Why CO2
Reduction?
Identifying Questions to Answer
Design & Execution
Analysis of Results
Key Findings & Takeaways
Summary
It makes sense economically
3
20M 45M 32M
Oil refineries (hydrogen)
Corn ethanol (fermentation)
Natural gas fields (CO2 removal)
tCO2 / yr:
Value: $10B $18B $12B
Calculations provided by Opus 12
$30-40 billion left on the table
Electroreduction of CO2
• Selectivity • Activity
• Stability • Energy efficiency
Kuhl, K.P., et al. J.A.C.S. 2014 4
Key areas to improve
Products formed from CO2
5 Calculations provided by Opus 12
Key Question Why is tin (Sn) such a good catalyst for
formic acid production?
Formic Acid
Acetic Acid Methanol Ethanol Propanol
Custom Electrochemical Cell
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Gas chromatography for gas phase products
1H, 13C NMR for liquid phase products
Kuhl, K.P., et al. J.A.C.S. 2014
CO2 reduction on Sn electrodes
7 Feaster, J.T., et al. In prep. 2015
How does CO2 reduction on Sn compare to other metals?
Formic Acid (HCOOH)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Hydrogen (H2)
Reversible Hydrogen Electrode (RHE):
H2 <--> 2 H+ + 2 e- E0 = 0 V
Maximum HCOOH production
Understanding Sn CO2 reduction
8 Feaster, J.T., et al. In prep. 2015
Strong Binding
Weak Binding
Understanding Sn CO2 reduction
9 Feaster, J.T., et al. In prep. 2015
Strong Binding
Weak Binding
Understanding Sn CO2 reduction
10 Feaster, J.T., et al. In prep. 2015
Strong Binding
Weak Binding
Putting it all together
11 Feaster, J.T., et al. In prep. 2015
Summary
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Thoroughly investigated Sn CO2 reduction as a function of potential Identified the primary factor for high
selectivity for formate production on Sn (optimal *OCHO binding energy) Proposed a mechanism that takes into
account both oxygen and carbon binding energies
Acknowledgements
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The Jaramillo Group Special thanks to: • Toru Hatsukade • Dr. Etosha Cave • Dr. David Abram • Dr. Jakob Kibsgaard • Dr. Chris Hahn • Dr. Kendra P. Kuhl • Dr. Annelie Jongerius • Dr. Thomas F. Jaramillo The Nørskov Group • Dr. Chuan Shi • Dr. Joseph Montoya The Cargnello Group • Joshua Willis
Funding Sources • National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship • NSF CAREER Award under Grant #0924484 • The Global Climate Energy Project at Stanford University
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Questions?