MANAGERIAL THINKING PATTERNS FOR SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES

SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC ENGINES

Group C Dr Salim ur Rehman Sarhad University of S & IT

Sultan Tahir Mehmood

INNOVATIONThe process by which an idea or invention is translated into a goods or services for which people will pay, or something that results from this process. To be called an innovation, an idea must be replicable at an economical cost and must satisfy a specific need. Innovation involves deliberate application of information, imagination, and initiative in deriving greater or different value from resources, and encompasses all processes by which new ideas are generated and converted into useful products. According to (Senge, P., 1983). The Innovation must address the three important criterion components, Economic, Social and Environments for greater Sustainability before materializing. The new definition must encompass what (peter Senge) directed as environment friendly material. In a social context, innovation is equally important in devising new collaborative methods such as alliance creation, joint venturing, flexible working hours, and in creating buyers' purchasing power through methods such as layaway plans.

Earth provides enough to satisfy every mansneed, but not every mans greed. Mahatma Gandhi For managers, sustainability can mean the integration and intersection of social, environmental, and economic responsibilities. The concept is admirable, but does it also confuse managers entrusted with the bottom line? How should they make trade-offs and how would they define the sustainable economic engines ?A legacy of innovation In the UK we have historically been great at coming up with ideas, but not so great at exploiting them! This has almost become a truism where businessmen talk wistfully about opportunities missed! Despite the wealth of scientific and management expertise in this country we are lagging further and further behind other nations in the innovation stakes. We have an economy and tax structure which is broadly encouraging of new companies and businesses yet why we are not making the most of our opportunities.

Innovation DefinedThe act of introducing something new (American Heritage Dictionary). A new idea, method or device (Webster online) Change that creates a new dimension of performance (Peter Drucker). The introduction of new goods, new methods of production , the opening of new markets, the conquest of new sources of supply and the carrying out of a new organization of any industry (Joseph Schumpeter).

Synthesis of Philosophies from week 6 - 7 Literature Managing creativity and innovation' Harvard Business Essentials, Series Adviser: Ralph Katz,This Book is Informative and conceptual on the subject of ideas generation. The course of idea generation has many inlets and outlets resources to design and invent new product and services line extensions, the major focus has been financial gains. According to (Drucker, P., 1969)." Most result from conscious purposeful search for opportunities to solve problems or please customers". He supported the Thomas Edison's famous judgment that invention is ninety nine percent is perspiration and one percent inspiration". The 21st Century has distinctly identified the heat and revenge of nature, as the Glacier are melting away, rise of Oceans, Tsunamis, global Warming, Torrential rains floods and Seven time high atmospheric pollution has challenged and put the question marks on discipline of Innovation management. In the recent past the race of idea generation and creativity has totally neglected the social and environments concerns, which are survival tools of planet earth.

Synthesis of Philosophies from week 6- 7 LiteratureThe book, Closing the Innovation gap by Judy Astrin: Reigniting the Spark of Creativity in a Global Economy. The author (Judy Astrin) has amply reflected the need to take the discipline of Innovation and the Sustainability seriously in a perspective, as it impacts the economies, Entrepreneurs' and mostly the Globally vertically Integrated supply chain businesses management. The sustainability concerns have never been so serious than today on the Innovation to breed sustainability and Green products and services and judicious use of the scares resources, clean energy, reevaluating the mass productions and the concerns of environments." The author makes a powerful case for the vital importance of innovation in building a strong economic future for everyone". She has boldly pointed to American Leader ship for the decline of the Industry and also viewed the lack of Innovation as the core cause of the Industrial decline.The Technology and business pioneer (Judy Estrin) challenges business, education, and national leaders to work together to reignite the sustainable innovation essential for future growth. She has somewhat supports the logic and revelations of the (Peter Senge) that there has to be Next Industrial revolution for the Sustainability of the planet earth.

Synthesis of Philosophies from week 6- 7 LiteratureSenge, P. M., Carstedt, Goran., (1999). -Innovating Our Way to the Next Industrial Revolution. MIT Sloan Management Review, January 01, 2001 According to (Senge, P. M. & Carstedt, Goran.,1999). What's so new about the New Economy? Our real future lies in building sustainable enterprises and an economic reality that connects industry, society and the environment. The saga of Industrial toxicity and chemical processes is not new. It needs concerted efforts to innovate environments friendly practices and productions methodologies. The freedom of speech and capital gains have brought the world to this point.

Synthesis of Philosophies from week 6- 7 LiteratureAdner, Ron., (2006). Match Your Innovation Strategy to Your Innovation Ecosystem Source: Harvard Business Review; Apri l2006, Vol. 84 Issue 4, p98107, 10p, 2 Illustrations, 2 Diagrams. This article is valuable and interesting research and links the designs, Innovation and products development process with the ecosystem. The ecosystem along with new opportunities presents problem as well. Even if a firm develops its own innovation brilliantly, meets and exceeds its customers needs, and successfully excludes its rivals, a market may not emerge. Whether and when it emerges is determined as much by the firms partners as by its own performance. Yet the most important strategic implication is that risk assessment changes dramatically. The due diligence processes in place at most companies are designed to assess opportunities in which the firm can create value on its own. When value is created in an ecosystem, meeting the traditional benchmarks is necessary, but not sufficient, for success.

Designs and Innovation - Hybrid Cars advantagesThere is need to design comprehensive plan and strict policy and technology that will help in maintaining cleaner air, reduce the need for petroleum, and protect the environments. The policy for the Industrial set up and manufacturing plants have to be organized in a way that the toxic chemicals processes to switch over to environment friendly processes. The awareness has to be Global for the greater sustainability. The students , managers and the CEOs must focus to Innovate safe and environment friendly products and processes for sustainability.

Designs and Innovation on Wheels, hybrid cars advantagesThe managers and designers who began to utilize the most innovative technologies are now redesigning the environment friendly machines for the greater economic and social constraints. These new Innovative machines would act as employment engines for the gloomy economies. The future would favor those companies who would Innovate the clean energy and environment friendly machines. The hydro, solar and electric cars are the future of the transportation and Sustainability. But next two decades would unfold the Sustainable and conceptual achievement of the Innovation, technology and the energy adopted and its impact on the environments.

IncentivesThe present state of affair shows that 25% of green house emissions are produced by the cars and trucks. There is need to carryout research and Innovate and run cars with lowest possible green house emissions. The hybrid cars produce low greenhouse emissions and the new breed of cars can run up to 100mpg and convert on both petrol and electric with new aerodynamic shapes and low tyres friction. The Arial and ground machines are serious matters and must be addressed vertically on the emergent basis for greater Sustainability.

Sustainable urban design and innovation: Photovoltaic ombrire SUDI is an autonomous and mobile station that replenishes energy for electric vehicles using solar energy

Gaps in Research and Future Innovation DesignsEmploying its core expertise in the field of social sciences, can organize the International Sustainability online awareness programs quarterly (CSR). There is need to carryout logical research as to discuss how we can reduces the Global warming emissions (CO2) altering the existing Industrial Infrastructures with special emphasis to rural areas. The emergent need is to preserve and sustain the ecology of the 52% of the rural areas of the world which are still not Industrialized. We must keep ecology of these green areas intact, the Life Assessment Cycle (LAC), Industry Ecology (IE) and Sustainable Development (SD) be applied.

Sarhad University of S & IT

This aspect could bench mark steps towards sustainable development (Asces, Z. 2006; Gartner, 2001; McElwee, G., 2008; Shane & Venkataraman, 2000). By now, the United States and G 8, countries have amply recognized the need for SD. The world is waiting for next Industrial revolution (Senge, P., 1983). Foremost examples, the depletion of the ozone layer and global warming. In addition, the School of Mines, the first mining and metallurgical department in the United States, has now been designated by the School of Engineering and Applied Science as the Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, the first of its kind in the world. Every

academic discipline, like every thoughtful citizen, can make a contribution to SD; the role of management students and engineers is pivotal and calling on emergent basis.

Sustainable Designs, Innovation & Engineering(Vanegas, Jorge., 2004). Sustainable Engineering Practice An introduction ASCE publishing. Reduce the demand for predatory priced goods such as Cambodian wood through self-use of resources, to increase the demand (for the same supply), thus increase price, thus reducing demand Creating a comprehensive program to identify and provide the information that engineers in developing countries require to meet energy, water, food, health, and other basic human needs Give education for student and practicing engineers to make them realize the importance of sustainability and become environment generalists Engaged in decision-making processes and performing projects Develop better approaches with the consideration of a projects environmental costs, impacts, and conditions throughout a projects life cycle Improve the education on sustainability and provide help in developing countries

SUSTAINOPRENEURSHIP (FedEx)

Annotated BibliographiesThomas, S. Kuhn., (1970. P.200). A Confusion of Tongues: Design ManagementThinking "They Speak, That Is, From What I have called incommensurable viewpoints. How can they even hope to talk together much less to be persuasive?" James K. OGrady, PhD Associate Professor Faculty of Environmental Design The University of Calgary 2008 International DMI Education Conference Design Thinking: New Challenges for Designers, Managers and Organizations 14-15 April 2008, Increasing discussion among management Gurus and practitioners suggest that climate that is more amenable to design's arguments concerning its role in business ventures may be emerging. This paper provides an overview of some of those discussions concluding with a brief description of a potentially constructive way to consider if not resolve some of the more intractable issues in an academic setting. The literature for the Seminar and the suggested articles material above comprises of three main scholarly and thought provoking hypotheses relating to the Innovation management: Economically viable practices, More social and Environment friendly practices.

Annotated BibliographiesKaplan, S., (2009). Innovation Lifecycles Leveraging market, technology, and organizational S-curves to drive breakthrough growth, Managing Principal, Innovation Point L, 2009 Innovation Point, 510.428.1644 Innovation Point is a non-traditional consulting firm that helps its Fortune 1000 clients take a strategic approach to innovation. Innovation Point blends traditional and unconventional methodologies to identify breakthrough opportunities, develop growth strategies and consumer-inspired new products, and to align organizational strategy and design in a way that supports sustainable innovation. Innovation Points clients include HP, Cisco Systems, Kimberly-Clark, PepsiCo, Frito-Lay, Philips, Charles Schwab, Visa, Microsoft and Yahoo!, among numerous other leading companies. This is interesting and valuable study for the greater understanding of the Innovation, products designing and development and satisfactory response to the market niche. The commercialization life cycle model indicates potential customers who would adopt the new products and a service, the early adopters, next targeted marketed beachheads and finally moves to custom solutions of certain niche and finally mass manufacturing. This is the point in life cycle model where the products and technology matures and adopts the new strategies, technologies and the S curve product time span.

This research further explains the S curve of products and services shape adopted over a period of time. The S curve shows the opportunities and expansion of market and the end of S curve shows the end of market. The end of S curve is emergent call for new products, Innovation and redesigning, like type writers to computers the products passes through various S curves cycles over a time. The paper further discusses that the strategies , infrastructure, products and services which lead to success, lead to failure also because of inherited flexibility and market competition sensitive.

Annotated Bibliographies Gore, Al., (2006). Initiative and concerns about global Warming: An Inconvenient truth, May 31, 2006 ex-VP, Nobel Peace Prize winner: http://www.skepticalscience.com/al-gore-inconvenient-

truth-errors.htmFor 30 years, Al Gore has been a student of the climate crisis and an advocate for change in environmental policies. He brings his message to the big screen in a new documentary, An Inconvenient Truth.

The paper calls our attention to the fact that "68% of the Global 250 firms generated separate annual sustainability reports in 2004." Whether that represents a "management revolution" remains to be seen, but it's something that puts a number on a trend toward management attention to sustainability. This presentation has made the dent, created the alarm and warning bells are ringing. Laszlo, A. & Laszlo, K., (2004). S.E.A.: Strategic Evolutionary Advantage. World Futures 60 (1 & 2):99 114. The tides of change constantly surface new currents in the world of business. No longer is it sufficient to seek the static positional advantage offered by classical Porterian analysis. This article explores the emerging direction of business strategy as expressed by the concept of evolutionary advantage.

Annotated BibliographiesThe angled view of these bibliographies is on managers involvement in sustainability. Berns, M., Townend, A., Khayat, Z., Balagopal, B., Reeves, M., Hopkins, M. & Kruschwitz, N., (2009). The business of sustainability: What it means to managers now. MIT Sloan Management Review, 51(1), 20-26. The article provides a study on the opportunities and strategies of corporations involving 50 leaders. A study was performed gain leaders perspectives on the business of sustainability. Also included are assessments of managers perspectives on their own companys actions in sustainability. The results of the study found that a majority of managers have a different perspective than leaders on the companys role in sustainability. Pagell, M. & Gobeli, D., (2009). How plant managers' experiences and attitudes toward sustainability relate to operational performance. Production and Operations Management, 18(3), 278-299. The document provides a study on managers roles in sustainability performances. The results of the study prove that managers are not involved in sustainability. As a result companies are being regarded as irresponsible. By force, companies and managers respond to social and environmental issues. Research continues on issues within the company that create imbalance and under performance.

Annotated Bibliographies Steger, U., Ionescu, S. A. & Salzmann, O., (2007). The economic foundations of corporate sustainability. Corporate Governance, 7(2), 162-177. This paper researches corporate sustainability across nine industries. 400 interviews and 1100 questionnaires are performed. The researchers seek to find which aspects of sustainability are important to managers. The study concludes that managers in the oil and gas industries have the highest concern for sustainability measures.

Annotated Bibliographies Hodges, C. P., (2005). A facility manager's approach to sustainability, Journal of Facilities Management, 3(4), 312-324. Article focuses largely on the facility manager and the amount of their influence over the productivity and profitability of an organization. The facility management group is viewed as a true partner in running the company, the work required to help the organization develop sustainable practices is much easier and more readily achieved. To combat a lack of responsiveness to the issues of sustainability, managers need to consider the organizations economic policies and finances. Managers need time to learn and absorb these practices. Kantabutra, S. & Siebenhuner, T., (2011). Predicting corporate sustainability: A Thai approach. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 27(6), 123-134. 112 middle-level managers and business owners in Thailand were asked to respond to a questionnaire. Findings indicate that managers can be more effective by adopting plans for long term sustainability. To obtain long term success, managers should focus on conservative practices, geo-social development and stakeholders. The study performed was a mixed methods study.

Annotated Bibliographies (Gargiulo, M. & Benassi, M.,(2000). Trapped in your own net? Network cohesion, structural holes, and the adaptations of social capital. Organization Science, 11(2), 183-196. Retrieved from the Business Source Premier database This article offers a look at intraorganizational networks, the intra- and interdependencies they foster, and the risks of codependence or independence in team-based businesses as two poles of organizational dysfunction Themelis, J. N., (1993). Sustainable development (SD) and industrial ecology (IE): http://www.columbia.edu/cu/21stC/issue-2.4/themelis.html As industry, science, government, and the public struggle over environmental policy, what does the engineering profession have to offer? A practical vision, says a Columbia metallurgical engineer, of the full effects of resource use. This small article is valuable study, the author is engineer by profession and explained that the extraction and use of metals are not sustainable, as he pointed out that To meet the needs of the 21st century, we will need much more metal for the 80 percent of humanity in the developing world; it will be harder to find and much more energy-intensive. Product design for dematerialization, recycling, and elimination of dispersive uses of metals appear to be the only solutions. He further explained that the future designs and Innovations should base on Life Assessment Cycle (LAC), Industry Ecology (IE) and Sustainable Developments (SD).

DESIGN, INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABILITY DEFINED

ReferencesAces, Z. J. and Armington, C., (2003). Endogenous growth and entrepreneurial activity in cities. U.S. Bureau of Census paper CES03-02, Washington, D. C. Abrahamsson, A., (2006). Sustainopreneurship - Business with a Cause. in Science for Sustainable Development Starting Points and Critical Reflections, Uppsala: VHU Freningen Vetenskap fr Hllbar Utveckling (Swedish Society for Sustainable Development), pp. 21-30. ISBN 91-631-9222-5. Drucker, P., (1969). The Age of Discontinuity; Guidelines to Our Changing Society. Harper and Row, New York. ISBN 0-465-08984-4 Gargiulo, M. & Benassi, M., (2000). Trapped in your own net? Network cohesion, structural holes, and the adaptations of social capital. Organization Science, 11(2), 183-196. Larson and Shaw, (2001).Initial thoughts on a model of rural entrepreneurship in developing countries http://www.world-entrepreneurship, forum.com/index.php//content/download/1693/39626/version/2 /file/Lee%20and%20Phan_Rural McElwee, G., (2008). Briefing 308 reviewed April 9, 2008 Farmers' entrepreneurial skills Exploring the Significance of Entrepreneurship, European Research & Technological Development Senge, P.M. and Carstedt, G., (2001). 'Management of Technology and Innovation', MIT Sloan Management Review , reprint 4222; winter, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 24-38 Vanegas, Jorge., (2004). Sustainable Engineering Practice An introduction. ASCE publishing.