innovative brain machine interface(using diamond chip)
DESCRIPTION
My ideas on Brain Machine Interface,TRANSCRIPT
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BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE
WITH DIAMOND CHIP CIRCUTING
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Who here has seen this movie?
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How wazzat?
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What about this?
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Contents
• Introduction to Brain Machine Interface(BMI)• Types of BMI• Introducing Diamond Chip• CNT & its properties• CNT on BMI • Combined Applications• Overview• Conclusion
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What is Brain Machine Interface?
• A Brain Machine Interface(BMI) is a collaboration in which a brian accepts and controls a mechanical device as a natural part of its representation of the body.
• It translates the brain signals to codes of programing languages
• Research in 1970s at UCLA mainly on animals
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The reason for BMI
• There are more than 200,000 people in the United States with severely impaired motor skills.
• Two ways to restore functions–Repair the damaged nerve axons–Build neuro -prosthetic devices
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Process of BMI
• Patients attach electrodes to their scalp with a conductive gel on the skull
• Or surgery to implant chip on brains surface
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Process Continued
• Presented patients with a 6x6 matrix, that contains each letter of the alphabet and numbers 0-9
• Brain elicits P300 and is recorded by electroencephalograph (EEG)
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Types of BMI
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Invasive BMI
• Implants the computer chip into user’s brain cortex to record electrical waves
• Retrieves information quickly and clearly
• Invasive BMI faces substantial difficulties and entail significant clinical risks
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Noninvasive BMI
• Places the BMI on the user’s scalp to record electricity waves
• Slight delay (300-600 ms)• Less dangerous and risky• Used for basic
communication and control amputee arm
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How BMI works?
• Brain is made out of neurons• Brain detects and translates
the signal of brain to tangible action
• Same principle different clearness
• More accurate signal detection from invasive BMI
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What is diamond chip?
In a single definition, Diamond Chip or Carbon Chip is an Electronic Chip manufactured on a diamond structure Carbon wafer
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How is it Possible ?
Diamond structural carbon is non conducting in nature.
To make it conducting, doping process is performed.
Boron-- as the p-type. Nitrogen--as the n-type.
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Some facts… Carbon is not a semiconductor. Some of the carbon allotropes
acts as semiconductor.
Fig: Carbon atom.
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What is carbon nanotube?
Just fold the graphene sheet into a tube like structureIt is a nanosize cylinder of carbon atoms.It has less than one nanometer diameter.
Fig:Carbon nanotubes made step by step.Fig :View of
CNT.
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Properties of CNT
• Properties– Hardness– Strength– Electrical– Thermal– One-dimensional transport
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Properties…
• HARDNESS : It can withstand a
pressure up to 24GPa without deformation.
• STRENGTH : Carbon nanotubes are
the strongest and stiffest materials yet discovered in terms of tensile strength and elastic modulus respectively.
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Properties…
• ELECTRICAL : High electrical conductivity
(10-6 ohm). Do not suffer from electro
migration or atomic diffusion and thus can carry high current densities (107 -109 A/cm2 ),which is 1000 times that of copper.
Both metal and semiconductor can be formed.
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Properties…
THERMAL :The temperature stability of
carbon nanotubes is estimated to be up to 2800 °C in vacuum and about 750 °C in air.
ONE DIMENTIONAL TRANSPORT :Because of the nanoscale
dimensions, electrons propagate only along the tube's axis.
Carbon nanotubes are frequently referred to as “one-dimensional”
Fig: Flow of electronsIn Carbon Nanotubes.
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ADVANTAGES
• Smaller components are possible.
• It works at higher temperature.
• Faster than silicon chips.
• Larger power handling capacity.
..OF DIMOND CHIP OVER SILICON CHIP
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We could replac ethe “Silicon” circuits of ordinary BMI chip by “Diamond”
How can we Apply CNT into BMI
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Present Developments:
• BMI for Tereaplegics• Brain controlled Robot • ‘BRAINGATE’ BMI• ATR HONDA’s new BCIBCI2000
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APPLICATIONS
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BMI in Rehabilitation
• Allows brain-induced movement of prosthetics• Movement (i.e. wheelchairs)
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BMI in Daily Life
• Control house system– Lock door– Turn on and off stove– Turn on lights– Adjust room temperature
• Control personal computer– Play game– Pick music– Make document– Send e-mail
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Possible Future BMI uses in Daily Life• Communication with others• Thought storage and enhancement• Remote access to appliances and household functions. • Commercial BMI devices which allow users to form conscious
connections with mobile phones, PCs, and even their dreams which can be recorded in their entirety.
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OverviewThis new product can help:• Amputees regain limb control therefore limiting their reliance on
others. • Blind people regain some of their sight back.• Enhance military performance
Potential use of BMI:• Communication with others• Thought storage and enhancement• Remote access to appliances and household functions. • Commercialization of BMI devices
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