innovation in exterior cladding and its planned maintenance 22 november 2007 ed suttie, bre geoff...
TRANSCRIPT
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Innovation in exterior cladding and its planned maintenance
22 November 2007Ed Suttie, BREGeoff Taylor, Sikkens
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Introduction
• Exterior timber cladding• Durability• Innovations to improve durability• System durability• Planned maintenance• Conclude
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UK Cladding market : materials
• No direct information on volumes of material used in UK market
Surface (m2) %
Wood 200,000 3
Metal composite 4,800,000 82
Concrete 300,000 5
Fibre cement 300,000 5
uPVC 300,000 5
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Sustainability and Life Cycle
Construction
WaterEnergyResourcesWasteEmissions
Maintenance
Demolition
Forestry
Harvest
Manufacture
In service
Energy recovery
Second life...
End of life
Process
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• The performance of timber cladding and thus whether service life is met is influenced at all stages
• Need to objectively assess the importance of each component of a system and its contribution to delivery of service life
Raw materials
Manufacture and quality control
Design and specification
Build/install phase
Use phase
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Durability
• Capability of a building or its parts to perform its required function over a specified period of time under the influence of the agents anticipated in service
• Material of biological origin - need for protection• Biological durability• Prevent moisture ingress
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Delivering durability
• Timber species• Substrate selection• Cladding design• Pre-treatment• End grain protection• Primer or base stain• Top coat• Finishing of the product• Storage, transport• Installation• Planned Maintenance
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Cladding design then…..
• Poor substrate selection• Poor design• Non specific fixings• Poor finishing on site• Adequately or poorly
maintained
Met service life??
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Cladding design now….
• Substrate selection• Best practice design• Fully factory finished• Just in time delivery• Fitted by qualified installers• Planned maintenance and
care package
Extended service life
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Best practice design
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Factor method ISO 15686
ESL = RSL x A x B x C x D x E x F x G
A quality of components (durability)
B design level
C work execution level
D indoor environment
E outdoor environment
F usage conditions
G maintenance level
ISO15686 Service Life Prediction
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EN335 Use Class
EN350 Natural durability
EN460
BS8417 Preservation
(EN599 and EN351)
Natural durability sufficient?
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Substrate quality BS942
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INNOVATION: Substrate selection
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Durability enhancement
• Upgrade to DC1– Costly, market acceptance?
• Accept that for the chosen design and for timber species of low durability, to maintain the desired appearance, to deliver an acceptable service life then the durability will require enhancing
Enhancing durability
Permanence of characteristic
Planned maintenance
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Enhance durability and test
• Wood preservation• Wood modification • Wood coatings• Combinations of the above
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ChallengesWood preservation• Restrictions on traditional products
(CCA alternatives)• Registration under Biocidal Products
Directive• Penetration and retentionExterior wood coatings• Low maintenance• Full factory finishing• Low VOC coatings and processesWood modification• Lack of fit with standards• Track record?
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INNOVATION: Wood preservation
• Water-borne• Multi functional
– Water repellent
– Colour
• Improved specification• Improved quality of treated products
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BS8417 Preservation of timber - Recommendations
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WPA Manual
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INNOVATION: Wood modification
• The action on wood by chemical, biological or physical means creating a new material - “modified wood” - with a desired property enhancement for the service life of the wood product
• >50 years of wood science• Numerous technologies• Stimulated by the need to consider alternatives to
– Conventional wood protection– Non-sustainable hardwoods
• Exciting commercial reality
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Wood Modification
• Modified wood technologies can…– Resist decay organisms (biological durability)– Minimise shrinking and swelling of the wood in changing
moisture conditions (dimensional stability)– Confer hardness and wear resistance– Prolong the life of exterior wood coatings– Compete effectively with less sustainable materials– Improve end of life options
• Thermal modification ThermoWood®
• Acetylation AccoyaTM
• Densification Indurite*
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BRE Digest 504 (Nov 07)
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Uncoated cladding
• Typically uncoated cladding with non-uniform colour changes can lead to dissatisfaction
• Brush applied maintenance coatings
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INNOVATION: Coating system
• Water-borne• Low VOC• Extensibility• Photostability• Improved Environmental Profiles• Full factory finish• Powder coating
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Coating of a smooth surface
Coating of a rough sawn
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Microscopic view of a rough sawn surface
Microscopic view of a smooth surface
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Edge covering
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Film build
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Coating hardwood – pore filling
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Timber cladding behind glass
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Full factory finished cladding
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INNOVATION: Environmental Profiles
• The Code for Sustainable Homes• The Green Guide to Specification• Presenting the case for timber• Improving product profiles
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Code for Sustainable Homes 2007
• Single national standard for England
• EcoHomes in Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and for refurbishment
• Industry guide for design and construction for more sustainable new homes
• A step change in sustainable building practice for new homes
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Specification tools
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INNOVATION: Fire protection
• Multi functional• Fire Safety Design• Fire retardant pre-treatments BS 8414 Part 1 or 2• Wood Protection Association’s (WPA) Fire Retardant
Manual
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INNOVATION: Construction
• Off site construction• Full factory finished• Planned maintenance• Site practice and skills
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Offsite construction
• Modern methods of construction• Pre-manufacture• Less storage area on site• Quality of workmanship• Improved safety levels• Fast assembly• Reduced costs
– Lower labour costs– Less waste– Less plant hire– Dimensional accuracy– Less disruption
• Enhanced durability
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• £1 billion pa maintenance of buildings– Redecoration and maintenance painting of exterior
wood is significant• Demands ‘value for money’
– Reduce unnecessary maintenance activities– Reduce costs of incorrect surveys– Improve process selection– Higher standards of performance and quality– Improve site practices– Minimise waste
• Move away from short-term first costs
INNOVATION: Planned Maintenance
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BS6150
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Origin of maintenance specifications
In-houseCoating
manufacturer
BS 6150 Other
In-house
Coating manufacturer
Housing stock owner
PDA
BS 6150
BS 8000-12
Other
housing stock owners painting contractors
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Partnership and responsibility
• Coatings manufacturer and contractor led with housing stock owners
• Improved product performance• Raising skill levels• Improved maintenance practices• Maximise service life• Extend maintenance intervals
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The integrated system?
• The performance of timber cladding and thus whether service life is met is influenced at all stages
• First costs sensitive, quality, consistent• Best practice, control, confidence in supply chain• Skills• Skills, partnership, value• Whole life costs sensitive, partnership, planned
maintenance
Raw materials
Manufacture & Quality Control
Design and specification
Build/install phase
Use phase
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• Design, durability and planned maintenance can deliver• Raising standards• Robust technologies fostered• New partnerships to ensure service life• Cladding product accreditation scheme• Holistic approach – durable integrated system
Conclusions
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Conclusions
• Great opportunity for exterior timber cladding– fully factory finished
– new substrates
– offsite construction
• Move from a material orientated approach to an integrated product approach
• Use the wood science!• Timber cladding delivered in partnership between the
technology holder, the manufacturer, the specifier, the coating system company, the maintenance contractor and the building user/owner