inn internet news. computer center, cs, nctu 2 introduction to inn (1) originally written by rich...

INNINN

InterNet News

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Introduction to INN (1)Introduction to INN (1)

Originally written by Rich Salz• ISC took over development in 1996

• http://www.isc.org/software/inn

INN is a complete Usenet system• innd – NNTP server, main program, inbound receiver

Exchange news articles with peers innfeed: outbound, feed articles to peers

• nnrpd – NNTP reader server

• Separate readers and peers For readers: readers.conf For peers: incoming.conf 、 innfeed.conf 、 newsfeeds

• A lot of components…

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Main configuration• inn.conf

Components• innd – main daemon for peers (and users)

incoming.conf

• innfeed – NNTP feeder innfeed.conf 、 newsfeeds

• nnrpd – for users readers.conf

• Newsgroups database active 、 active.times 、 newsgroups 、 history

• Overview database buffindexed.conf 、 ovdb.conf 、 overview.fmt

• Spool storage.conf 、 cycbuff.conf

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Specific functions• Article and history expiration

expire.ctl

• Handling of control messages control.ctl

• Submission addresses for moderated groups moderators

• Cron jobs news.daily

• Summery of INN log files innreports.conf

• Others …

INN InstallationINN Installation

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Install INN (1)Install INN (1)

In FreeBSD ports• news/inn: INN 2.4.6

• 2009-06-08 - INN 2.4.6 was made EOL by the release of 2.5.0.

• 2010-Mar-25 - INN v2.5.2 , ISC is pleased to announce a new bug fixed version of INN 2.5

How to install INN 2.5.2?• Tarball: ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/inn/inn-2.5.2.tar.gz

• Dependencies: “Requirements” in http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/software/inn/ C compiler gcc: built-in Perl and MIME::Parser: lang/perl5.8+ 、 mail/p5-MIME-Tools 、 graphics/p5-

GD GNU make: devel/gmake GnuPG: security/gnupg Berkeley DB: databases/db47+ Yacc implementation: devel/bison

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http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/software/inn/docs-2.5/checklist.html http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/software/inn/docs-2.5/install.html

Set up account ‘news’

Set up the home directory for ‘news’• # mkdir –p /home/news && chown news:news /home/news

• You *CANNOT* chown -R news:news after installing. Some bins are SUID root.

Login as ‘news’• su - news / sudo -u news …

• rlogin –l news localhost Enable rlogind via inetd, and set ~news/.rhosts

– localhost username

news:*:8:8::0:0:News Subsystem:/home/news:/bin/tcsh

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The source• Fetch the tarball and put it in /tmp by fetch or wget(ftp/wget)

• Extract it: tar xzf inn-2.5.2.tar.gz

Configure• ./configure --help

--prefix=$HOME --with-http-dir=$HOME/public_html --enable-largefiles cannot be used with --enable-tagged-hash --enable-keywords --with-perl --with-berkeleydb=/usr/local

• You can copy some environment variables from ports/news/inn make -n CONFIG_DONE_INN=1

/usr/ports/news/inn/work/.configure_done.inn._usr_local CC, CFLAGS, CXXFLAGS, LDFLAGS

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After configure

Modify Makefile.global

Please check the following files before running make, to ensure thateverything was set correctly.

Makefile.global include/config.h include/inn/options.h include/inn/paths.h innfeed/innfeed.h

## Berkeley DB support. If this support is configured, anything linking## against libstorage also needs to link against DB_LDFLAGS and DB_LIBS.

DB_CPPFLAGS = -I/usr/local/include/db47DB_LDFLAGS = -L/usr/local/libDB_LIBS = -ldb-4.7 –lz

DBM_CPPFLAGS = -I/usr/local/include/db47DBM_LIBS = -L/usr/local/lib -ldb-4.7

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Compile INN• $ gmake (make)

Install INN• Login as ‘root’

• # gmake (make) install

To upgrade INN• # gmake (make) update

upgrade binaries, scripts, and manual pages, but not config files Be sure to configure INN with the same options that was used previously.

Finally• Create mail alias for usenet@ (which is defined in --with-news-master)

• Set .tcshrc

setenv PATH $HOME/bin:$PATHsetenv MANPATH $HOME/share/man:`manpath`

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Set up syslog• In /etc/syslog.conf

$ cd ~/log && touch news.crit news.err news.notice # cd /var/log && ln –s ~news/log news # /etc/rc.d/syslogd reload

Log rotate• Done by news.daily, which is triggered by cron

# uncomment these if you're running innnews.crit /var/log/news/news.critnews.err /var/log/news/news.errnews.notice /var/log/news/news.notice

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Set up cron jobs• crontab for ‘news’

• $ crontab –e

news.daily

• If you're using any non-CNFS storage methods, add delayrm to the above option list for news.daily.

~news/log/expire.rm expirerm file

rnews

• Processing spooled messages to the server again

0 3 * * * ~news/bin/news.daily expireover lowmark

0 3 * * * ~news/bin/rnews -U

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Copy start-up script from news/inn/files/innd.sh.in• Put it in /usr/local/etc/rc.d/innd

• Modify ‘%%VAR%%’s %%PREFIX%% ~news (/home/news 、 /usr/local/news 、… ) %%DBDIR$$ ~news/db %%NEWSBASE%% ~news

• # chmod 555 /usr/local/etc/rc.d/innd

Modify /etc/rc.conf

A lot of configurations remain…

innd_enable=“YES”

INN DatabasesINN Databases

~news/db/

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active (1)active (1)

List the newsgroups carried by INN.• Maintained using ctlinnd or control messages

• Edit it directly: active.times, overview database

Format• Each newsgroup is listed only once

• Each line specifies one newsgroup

• Four fields separated by a space: <name> <high> <low> <status> cs.test 0000003681 0000000285 y

• name: junk 、 control*

• high is the highest article number ever seen

• low is not guaranteed to be accurate, and should only be taken to be a hint. Normally updated nightly as part of the expire process

• If the lowest article number is greater than the highest article number, then there are no articles in the newsgroup.

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active (2)active (2)

Format• status:

y: allow posting and feeding m: moderated, all posting must be approved n: allow feeding only j: fed articles are filed in junk group x: disallow posting and feeding =foo.bar: articles are filed in the newsgroup foo.bar

Get a close to complete newsgroups database file• ftp://ftp.isc.org/pub/usenet/CONFIG/

• active 、 newsgroups tw.bbs.* Big5 newsgroups for tw.bbs.*

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active.timesactive.times

Provide a chronological record of when newsgroups were created on the local server

Format• Three fields

<name> <time> <creator> cs.test 1128713744 [email protected]

• time: the time it was created, expressed as Unix timestamp date -r <time>

• creator: plain text intended to describe the entity that created the newsgroup This field should be encoded in UTF-8 Usually the e-mail address of the creator

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newsgroupsnewsgroups

Contain a list of newsgroups and its short description• It is not necessary that all the groups carried by the news server be listed in

the newsgroups file

• It is also not necessary that all the groups listed in the newsgroups file be carried by the news server

If you use ctlinnd newgroup to manually create a group, only the active file is updated• edit newsgroups file to add a short description for the created group

Format• Each line consists of two fields separated by at least one tab

<name>\t<description> cs.computer-center [系計中公告 ] (Moderated) Preferred format: The total line length should be at most 79 columns. The

description should start with a capital and not be more than 55 characters long using UTF-8 for non-ASCII characters in description is recommended

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history (1)history (1)

Keep a record of current and recently expired articles Format

• [<Hash>]\t<date>\t<token>

• [E7516D3A69051BC9712D093D52A4C67B] 1274105567~-~1274105565 @0305414C543100000000000E92A20000025E@

• Each line corresponds to one article

• Hash: ASCII representation of the hash of the Message-ID header

• date: three sub-fields separated by a ‘~’, each contains Unix timestamp 1st sub-field: arrival time of the article 2nd sub-field: ‘Expires:’ header or ‘-’ 3rd sub-field: ‘Date:’ header, record of the posting time

• token: a token of the article. This field is empty if the article has been expired Use sm utility to retrieve the article

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history (2)history (2)

grephistory• Query the INN history database via Message-ID

• Output the token if the article is still on the news server

• By use of sm to retrieve the article

makehistory• Initialize or rebuild INN history database

• Also can be used to rebuild the overview database makehistory –FOx Be sure to stop innd and delete or zero out the existing database

INN ConfigurationsINN Configurations

~news/etc/

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Article Storage FormatArticle Storage Format

The supported storage formats• tradspool

Articles are stored as individual text files, named by the article number, and divided up into directories based on the newsgroups name

article 12345 in cs.test would be stored as cs/test/12345

• timehash Articles are stored as individual text files, and divided into directories based on

the arrival time.

• timecaf Similar to timehash, but multiple articles are put in the same file

• cnfs Articles are stored in pre-configured buffer files

• Advantages and Disadvantages http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/software/inn/docs-2.5/install.html#S6

• INN can support all four at the same time

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Overview Storage MechanismOverview Storage Mechanism

Overview is for readers Three overview mechanisms

• tradindexed Uses two files per newsgroup, one containing the overview data and one

containing the index Fast for readers, but slow to write to

• buffindexed Stores overview data and index information into buffers, which are

preconfigured files defined in buffindexed.conf, similar to CNFS buffers Slower for readers

• ovdb Stores overview data in a Berkeley DB database Fast and robust, but may require more disk space

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Configration outlineConfigration outline

Access controls• Peers: incoming.conf 、 newsfeeds 、 innfeed.conf

• Readers: readers.conf

Storage• cycbuff.conf 、 storage.conf

Overview• ovdb.conf 、 buffindexed.conf 、 overview.fmt

Other controls• Expiration: expire.ctl

• Moderators list: moderators

• INN report: innreport.conf

• Default subscriptions for a new client: subscriptions

• …

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inn.conf (1)inn.conf (1)

The primary general configuration file for all INN programs• Most likely to need setting

organization: “College of Computer Science, NCTU”

– It will be filled in the ‘Organization:’ header for posts ovmethod: ovdb

– The overview mechanism

• General Settings server: csnews2.cs.nctu.edu.tw

– Default NNTP server for nnrpd, actsync, nntpget, getlist

• Feed Configuration pathalias: news.cs.nctu.edu.tw

– News servers within a particular organization to add a common identity

• Article Storage extraoverviewadvertised: [ ] Extraoverviewhidden: [ ]

– See inn.conf(5)

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inn.conf (2)inn.conf (2)

• Reading noreader: true

– For separately running innd and nnrpd

• Posting nntpauthsender: true

– Add ‘Sender:’ header to local posts containing the identity assigned by readers.conf

• Monitoring doinnwatch: false

– Disable the innwatch

• Logging docnfsstat: true

– Start cnfsstat when innd is started logcycles: 3

– How many old logs scanlogs keeps

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incoming.confincoming.conf

Specify who are permitted to connect to your host and feed it articles• Connections from hosts not listed in this file will be rejected or be handed

off to nnrpd and checked against the access restrictions in readers.conf

Three types of entries: key/value, peer, group

streaming: true # streaming allowed by defaultmax-connections: 8 # per feedgroup cs { max-connections: 16 patterns: "*,@local*" peer CSBBS { hostname: "bbs.cs.nctu.edu.tw, 140.113.168.8" } peer FREEBSD { hostname: "freebsd.cs.nctu.edu.tw, 140.113.17.209" patterns: "!*,freebsd.*,mailing.*" }}group peering { max-connections: 16 patterns: "*,@cis.*,@cs.*,@csie.*,@local*" peer NCTUPEER { hostname: "news-peer.nctu.edu.tw, 140.113.250.119" max-connections: 8 }}

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newsfeeds (1)newsfeeds (1)

Determine how incoming articles are redistributed to your peers• Organized as a series of feed entries

• Each entry is composed of four fields separated by ‘:’

• 1st field: <name>/<exclude>,<exclude>,… If you don't want a feed to receive articles from a certain source, then …

• 2nd field: <newsgroups-pattern>/<distrbution-list> wildmat pattern matching syntax

– These are simple wildcard matches using the ‘*’ as the wildcard character

– wildmat patterns can be specified in a comma-separated list

– The last pattern in the line that matches the group name is used

– Patterns beginning with ! mean to exclude groups matching that pattern

» *,!comp.*,comp.os.*

– wildmat patterns also support "poison" patterns (patterns starting with @)

» “misc.*,@misc.bar” vs. “misc.*,!misc.bar”

» For a article crossposted between misc.foo and misc.bar

» For a article posted only to misc.bar

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• 3rd field: comma-separated list of flags http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/software/inn/docs-2.5/newsfeeds.html#S2

• 4th field: multi-purpose parameter, meaning depends on the flags in 3rd field

Feeding peers via innfeed

Site settings

## Uncomment if you're using innfeed.## Add "-y" as an option to innfeed to use the name of each feed as the## name of the host to feed articles to; without "-y" an innfeed.conf## file is needed. # innfeed funnel master.innfeed!\ :!*\ :Tc,Wnm*:/home/news/bin/innfeed -y

news.uu.net/uunet\ :*,!junk,!control,!control.*/!foo\ :Tm:innfeed!

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Other examples• News overview used when “useoverchan: true” in inn.conf

• CS Archive-SQLite

• Mirror nctu.talk and tw.bbs.campus.nctu

# News overview.overview!:*:Tc,WnteO:/news/bin/overchan

archive_sqlite_cs!\ :!*,cs.*,@cs.cc.*\ :Tc,Wn:/news/bin/archive-sqlite.pl cs

# mirrormirrorpost!/mirrorpost,netnews.cs.nctu.edu.tw\ :!*,nctu.talk,tw.bbs.campus.nctu\ :Tc,Wf:/news/bin/mirrorpost.pl nctu.talk tw.bbs.campus.nctu

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innfeed.confinnfeed.conf

Used to control the innfeed program Three types of entries: key/value, peer, group (as incoming.conf)

• peer <name> { # body}

• <name> is the same as the site name in ‘newsfeeds’ If you do not specify -y in ‘innfeed!’ entry in newsfeeds, then … In newsfeeds

In innfeed.conf

NCTUCSBBS/bbs.cs.nctu.edu.tw,BS2\ :!*,cs.*,tw.bbs.*,twbbs.*,taiwan.*,nctu.*,mailing.*, :Tm:innfeed!

group BBS { max-connections: 2 streaming: false port-number: 7777 peer NCTUCSBBS { ip-name: bbs.cs.nctu.edu.tw }}

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readers.conf (1)readers.conf (1)

Specify access control for nnrpd Two types of entries: parameter/value, configuration groups

• <parameter>: <value> No way to continue a line on the next line, and no way to have a value longer

than about 8,180 characters

• Configuration groups auth: provides mechanisms to establish the identity of the user access: given the user's identity, what that user is permitted to do

readers.conf is a two-step process• Put all of the auth groups first, and all of the access groups below, last

match

• A user identity, as established by an auth group, looks like an e-mail address "<username>@<domain>“

• When matching access groups the last matching one in the file is used to determine the user's permissions

http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/software/inn/docs-2.5/readers.conf.html#S4

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auth group

• Generate the user identity like <UNKNOWN>@EVERYWHER liuyh@NCTUCSCC nnrpdauthsender

• http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/software/inn/docs-2.5/readers.conf.html#S2

auth "EVERYWHERE" { hosts: "*" default: "<UNKNOWN>" default-domain: "EVERYWHERE"}auth "NCTUCSCC" { hosts: "bsd*.cs.nctu.edu.tw, linux*.cs.nctu.edu.tw, sun*.cs.nctu.edu.tw" default-domain: "NCTUCSCC" res: "ident -t"}

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access group

• newsgroups vs. read + post

• access: R(read) 、 P(Post) 、 I(IHAVE) 、 A(Approver) 、 N(NEWNEWS) 、 L(post to non-local posting newsgroups, [jnx] in active)

• http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/software/inn/docs-2.5/readers.conf.html#S3

access "READING_LIMIT" { users: "*@*“ access: "R" read: "!*,cs.help,freebsd.*,gmane.*,mailing.*"}access "CS" { users: "*@NCTUCS, *@NCTUCSCC, *@NCTUCISCC, *@NCTUCSIECC“ access: "RP" newsgroups: "*,!control*,!cs.prsystem,!cs.cc.*,!csie.cc.*,!cis.sysadmin.*,!csie.sysadmin.*,!cis.computer-center.staff,!cis.syslog.*,!cis.bbs.admin.*,!junk"}

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cycbuff.confcycbuff.conf

Define the cyclical buffers that make up the storage pools for CNFS• To use any sysbuff larger than 2GB: --enable-largefiles

Formats• cycbuffupdate:<interval>

• refreshinterval:<interval>

• cycbuff:<name>:<file>:<size> No longer than 7 characters in <name>, and than 63 in <file> <size> is the length in KB (2GB=2097152) cycbuff:BIG80:/home/news/cycbuffs/BIG80:524288

cycbuff:BIG81:/home/news/cycbuffs/BIG81:524288 dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/news/cycbuffs/BIG80 bs=1k count=524288

• metacycbuff:<name>:<buffer>[,<buffer>,...][:<mode>] Mode: INTERLEAVE(default) or SEQUENTIAL metacycbuff:BIG8:BIG80,BIG81

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storage.conf (1)storage.conf (1)

Contain the rules used to assign articles to different storage methods Format

• <methodname>: tradspool 、 timehash 、 timecaf 、 cnfs 、 trash

• <storage_class>: a unique number in 0-255 to identify the storage Used in expire.ctl, timehash, and timecaf

• <options>: only for CNFS to specify the metacycbuff name

method <methodname> { newsgroups: <wildmat> class: <storage_class> size: <minsize>[,<maxsize>] expires: <mintime>[,<maxtime>] options: <options> exactmatch: <bool>}

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storage.conf (2)storage.conf (2)

An example

method tradspool { newsgroups: cs.cc.* class: 0}method cnfs { newsgroups: cs.*, eecsep.*,nctu.* class: 1 size: 0,8191 options: NCTUCS}method cnfs { newsgroups: comp.*,humanities.*,misc.*,news.*,rec.*,sci.*,soc.*,talk.* class: 2 options: BIG8}

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overviewoverview

ovdb.conf• Parameters for tuning ovdb, no need to modify

buffinedxed.conf• <index>:<filename>:<size> entries (similar to cycbuff)

• <index> is unique in 0-65535, <size> is in KB

overview.fmt• No longer used by INN since v2.5

• Use extraoverviewadvertised and extraoverviewhidden in inn.conf

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expire.ctl (1)expire.ctl (1)

Default configuration file for expire and expireover, define how long• History entries for expired or rejected articles are remembered

/remember/:<days>

• Articles stored on the server are retained <wildmat>:<flag>:<min>:<default>:<max>

– if ‘groupbaseexpiry: true‘ in inn.conf (default)

– Last match

– <wildmat>: ! and @ not permitted, and only a single expression

– <flag>: M(moderated) 、 U(unmoderated) 、 A(all) 、 X(delete from all groups)

<storage_class>:<min>:<default>:<max>

– if ‘groupbaseexpiry: false‘ in inn.conf

– <storage_class>: defined in storage.conf, ‘*’ to specify a default for all classes <min>, <default>, <max>: decimal number of days, fraction is allowed or ‘never’ <min>, <max>: come into play with an ‘Expire:’ header <default>: used as the expiration period for most articles

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expire.ctl (2)expire.ctl (2)

An example

# Keep expired article history for 11 days, matching artcutoff plus one./remember/:11

# Most articles stay for two weeks, ignoring Expires: headers.*:A:14:14:14

# Accept Expires: headers in moderated groups for up to a year and# retain moderated groups for a bit longer.*:M:1:30:365

# Keep local groups for a long time and local project groups forever.example.*:A:1:90:90example.project.*:A:never:never:never

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moderatorsmoderators

Determine submission addresses for moderated newsgroups Format

• <pattern>:<address>

• First match for <pattern> More specific patterns should be listed before general patterns

• <address>: a simple e-mail address At most one ‘%s’ may occur and be replaced by the name of the newsgroup, with

all ‘.’ in the name changed to ‘-’

## CS moderated newsgroupcs.computer-center:[email protected]

## Public hierarchies with exceptions.ffm.*:%[email protected].*:%[email protected].*:%[email protected]

## Direct all other public hierarchies to the master moderator database.*:%[email protected]

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innreport.confinnreport.conf

Configuration file for innreport Default parameters

• section default: html true; title "Daily Usenet report for mynews"; footer "Local contact: usenet@mynews"; html_css_url "innreport.css";

A lot of options for report content and appearance

Control MessagesControl Messages

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Control Messages (1)Control Messages (1)

Cancels are handled internally by INN Others are processed by controlchan (newsfeeds)

• The actions of controlchan are determined by control.ctl ftp://ftp.isc.org/pub/usenet/CONFIG/control.ctl

• newgroup 、 rmgroup 、 checkgroups

control*• control

• control.cancel

• control.checkgroups

• control.newgroup

• control.rmgroup

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Authenticate control messages based on the ‘From:’ header• Obviously perilous and control messages are widely forged

• Many hierarchies sign all of their control messages with PGP

• controlchan knows how to do this (using pgpverify) without additional configuration

PGP key import• ftp://ftp.isc.org/pub/pgpcontrol/PGPKEYS

• $ gpg --import PGPKEYS

• $ ln -s ~/.gnupg ~/etc/pgp

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Path: csnews2!csnews.cs.nctu.edu.tw!news.cs.nctu.edu.tw!ctu-peer!ctu-gate! news.nctu.edu.tw!newsfeed.berkeley.edu!ucberkeley!solaris.cc.vt.edu!news.vt.edu!guardian.oit.duke.edu!news.glorb.com!news2.glorb.com!usenet.stanford.edu!usenet-its.stanford.edu!bounce-backFrom: [email protected]: sci.physics.acousticsSubject: cmsg newgroup sci.physics.acousticsControl: newgroup sci.physics.acousticsApproved: [email protected]: Sat, 15 May 2010 13:00:01 -0700Message-ID: <[email protected]>X-PGP-Sig: 2.6.3a Subject,Control,Message-ID,Date,From,Sender\011iQCVAwUBS+79QsJdOtO4janBAQGNsAP7BAj2Vl4LS2RoIZmYTfHc9GFg/nFve8Hj\011iOYqpW+WiF7pI6JaNzPaeS/Y3Dh7G9HRjjhuYbQ/+bTUHWeDItRFBbGVe3t+yXEv\011TbQ/NqWqMug/OKujGsOs9wy1HQKZBErDIfxCf+XD6JenRccrBPAZoCMdSFieztZe\011vFU9B4Az+ew=\011=d9AEXref: csnews.cs.nctu.edu.tw control.newgroup:168581

For your newsgroups file:sci.physics.acoustics\011Topics in acoustics and vibrations.

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control.ctl• Last match

• Format <type>:<from>:<newsgroups>:<action>

• <type>: all, newgroup, rmgroup, checkgroups, …

• <from>: match the ‘From:’ header

• <action>: doit 、 drop 、 log 、 mail 、 verify-pgp_userid

• Encoding of newgroup and checkgroups control messages /encoding/:*:nctu.*:big5 /encoding/:*:tw.*:big5 /encoding/:*:fido7.*:koi8-r /encoding/:*:fido.*:utf-8 /localencoding/:utf-8

• Checkgroups /maxdocheckgroups/:*:*:10

More on INN control and operationsMore on INN control and operations

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Start and StopStart and Stop

Before starting, check the configurations• $ inncheck -a -v -f -pedantic -perm

/usr/local/etc/rc.d/innd• su -fm news -c "/home/news/bin/rc.news start"

• su -fm news -c "/home/news/bin/rc.news stop"

If you run nnrpd separately• su -fm news -c "/home/news/bin/nnrpd –D"

• su -fm news -c "killall nnrpd"

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Reload the configurationsReload the configurations

Using ctlinnd

When INN is running• To get your incoming feeds working

Edit incoming.conf $ ctlinnd reload incoming.conf 'reason‘

• To get your outgoing feeds working Edit newsfeeds and corresponding innfeed.conf or nntpsend.ctl ctlinnd reload newsfeeds 'reason‘

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Create/Remove NewsgroupsCreate/Remove Newsgroups

Use control messages

Use ctlinnd• Create

ctlinnd newgroup <group> [ status [creator] ] Add the description in db/newsgroups

• Remove ctlinnd rmgroup <group> Optional remove the description in db/newsgroups

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news.dailynews.daily

Perform a number of important Usenet administrative functions• Producing a status report with innstat

• Removing old news articles (with expirerm if the delayrm keyword is specified)

• Purging the overview database with expireover if the corresponding eponym keyword is specified

• Processing log files and rotating the archived log files with scanlogs

• Processing innfeed dropped files with procbatch

• Renumbering the active file with ctlinnd

• Rebuilding the history file with expire

• Removing any old socket files found in the pathrun directory

• Collecting all the output and mailing it

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mailpostmailpost

A program to feed an e-mail message into a newsgroup• Read a properly formatted e-mail message from stdin

• Feed it to inews for posting to a news server

Normally, mailpost is run via mail aliases• freebsd-acpi: "|/home/news/bin/mail-post mailing.freebsd.acpi"

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Further readingFurther reading

INN 2.5 Documentation• http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/software/inn/docs-2.5/

INN changes and upgrade information• http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/software/inn/docs-2.5/news.html

INN 2.x FAQ• http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/faqs/inn.html

Cleanfeed• http://www.mixmin.net/cleanfeed/

inn internet news. computer center, cs, nctu 2 introduction to inn (1) originally written by rich...

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