The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

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Initial Environmental Examination Document Stage: Final Project Number: 38254 January 2010

India: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 2)—Bidar Prepared by Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation For the Government of Karnataka North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program

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ABBREVIATIONS

ADB – Asian Development Bank ASP – Activated Sludge Process BM – Bituminous Macadam DoEEF – Department of Ecology, Environment and Forests EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan EP Act – Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 GoI – Government of India GoK – Government of Karnataka GSB – Granular Sub-base IEE – Initial Environmental Examination KSPCB – Karnataka State Pollution Control BoardMLD – Million Litre per Day MoEF – Ministry of Environment and Forests MSL – Mean Sea Level MSS – Mix Seal Surface NKUSIP – North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program NOC – No Objection Certificate NOx – Oxides of Nitrogen OM – Operations Manual PCC – Profile Concrete Course PWD – Public Works Department RSPM – Respirable Suspended Particulate MatterSOx – oxides of sulphur STP – Sewage Treatment Plant RSPM – Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter TSPM – Total Suspended Particulate Matter WMM – Wet Mix Macadam WRDO – Water Resource Development Organization

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Contents

Sl. No. Particular Pg No. I INTRODUCTION 1-10

A. Overview 1 B. Methodology 1 C. Environmental Regulatory Compliance 4 D. Asian Development Bank Requirements 4 E. Procedures for Confirmation of Environmental Considerations 4 F. Environmental Law & Regulations 5 G. Scope of IEE 10 H. Report Structure 10

II DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS 11-28 A. NKUISP Investment Program Goal 11 B. Need for Infrastructure Improvement 11 Part A: Environmental Sanitation Infrastructure Part B: Water Supply Infrastructure Part C: Urban Storm Water Drainage Part D: Urban Road Improvement Part E: Poverty Alleviation Part F: Non-Municipal Infrastructure Part G: Institutional Development Part HG: Investment Program Assistance Facility Activities with Environmental Impacts

C. Project Component 13 D. Project Description 18 1. Sewerage System Improvements 2. Water Supply Works 3. Storm Water Drainage Works

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 29-41 A. Environmental Profile of Bidar 29 1. Topography & Geology 29 2. Soil 29 3. Climate 30 4. Land Use Pattern 30 5. Water Quality 31 6. Ambient Air Quality 35 7. Ambient Noise quality 37 8. Social Environment 39 9. Forest & Biodiversity 39 10. Demographic Characteristics 40 11. Socio- Economic Base 40

B. Environmental Settings of Investment Program Component Sites 41 1. Sewerage Treatment Plant site at Gournalli village & Naubad Village

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IV. ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING OF SUB COMPONENTS 42 A. Introduction 42

V. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & MITIGATION MEASURES 43-66 A. Overview 43 1. Potential Impact & Mitigation measures under Sub Components of Project 44

VI INSTITUTIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY 67-71

VII ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 72-78 1. Detailed Environmental Monitoring Plan for proposed Sewerage System 72 2. Detailed Environmental Monitoring Plan for Proposed Water Supply

System and Storm Water Drainage Works 78

VIII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 79-81

A Overview 79 B Grievance Redressal Mechanisms 81

VII ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 82-96 1. Overview 82 2. Environmental Management Plan for proposed Sewerage work 83 3. Environmental Management Plan for Water Works 88 4. Environmental Management Plan for Proposed Storm Water Drainage

Work 91

VIII FINDINGS & RECOMMENDATIONS 97-98

1. Prioritization based on Environmental Issues 97 2. Screening Results 97 List of Tables Table 1: Environmental Assessment Requirements for Project Loans 5 Table 2: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislations for Sewerage

Projects in Bidar City 6

Table 3: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislations for Water Supply Projects

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Table 4: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislations for Storm Water Drainage Projects

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Table 5: Project Area, Present and Projected Population in Bidar City 13 Table 6 Details of Sewerage Infrastructure Proposed in Bidar 14 Table 7: Details of Water Supply Works Proposed in Bidar 16 Table 8: Project Description: sewerage 19 Table 9: A comparison some of the STP technologies (per MLD in Rupees) 20 Table 10: Life cycle considerations factors on various wastewater

treatment alternatives 20

Table 11: Performance characteristics for various sewage treatment methods:

21

Table 12 :Details of Distribution Zones in Bidar City 23 Table 13: Details of Karanja Irrigation Project 25

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Table 14: The proposed system 25 Table 15: Details of Local Flooding and Low lying Areas for Primary Drain

1 26

Table 16: Details of Local Flooding and Low lying Areas for Primary Drain 2

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Table 17: Soil Condition of Bidar City 30 Table 18: Existing Land use Pattern (LUP) 30 Table 19: CPCB Standard for Water Quality of Surface Water 31 Table 20: Surface Water Quality of Bidar 32 Table 21: Ground Water Quality, Bidar 33 Table 22: Waste Water Quality, Bidar 34 Table 23: Ambient Air Quality Standards (National) 36 Table 24: Ambient Air Quality, Bidar 37 Table 25: Standard of Noise Level 37 Table 26 : Location Wise Comparison of Noise Level Observation With

Respect to Categories of the Location in DB 38

Table 27 : Screening of Impacts 43 Table 28: Environmental Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures of

Sub Component: Sewerage 44

Table 29: Potential Environmental Impacts of Water Supply System 52 Table 30: Impact & Mitigation Measures for proposed waterworks 54 Table 31: Impact & Mitigation Measures for proposed Storm Water

Drainage Works 60

Table 32: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities 69 Table 33: Training Needs (2010 – 2026) 70 Table 34:Environmental Monitoring Plan for Sewerage System 72 Table 35: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Water Works & Storm Water

Drainage Works in Bidar City 74

Table 36: Environmental Monitoring Cost for Sub Project for Bidar City 78 Table 37: Issues Addressed during Public Consultation along STP Site and

Local People in Bidar 79

Table 38: Environmental Management Plan for Proposed Sewerage & Sanitation System

83

Table 39: Environmental Management Plan for Water Works 88 Table 40: Environmental Management Plan for Storm Water Drainage 91 Table: 41 Matrix of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Works 97 List of Maps 1. Project Area 2. Proposed Sewerage zone 3. Proposed Water supply Zone 4.Propsed Storm water Drainage Network List of Figures 1.STP site at Gournalli 2. Design Parameter and criteria of Intake water work at Niramanahalli

Tanda Village

Annexure

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Annex 1:REA Checklist for Sewerage System

Annex 2: REA Checklist for Water Supply System

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I. INTRODUCTION

A. Overview: 1. The Government of Karnataka (GoK) through the Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) has prepared the North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Programme (NKUSIP) under the Asian Development Bank assistance. The proposed NKUSIP is the logical follow-on investment program to the ongoing Loan 2312-IND. The NKUSIP is being formulated as a sector loan with a multitranche financing facility modality. The project goal is to facilitate economic growth in the five towns of North Karnataka under Package 3 and bring about urban basic services to the citizens that are environmentally sound and operationally sustainable. Outputs from several vital studies, financial assessment and social and Environmental Assessment, etc, have formed the backbone for the programme appraisal leading to approval of loan. Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Report is considered as an important tool for incorporating environmental concerns at the project level. IEE should be carried out as early as the project planning stage as part of feasibility thus it can assure that the project will be environmentally feasible.

2. Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) of the proposed Sewerage System, Water Supply System and Storm Water Drainage in ‘Bidar City’ is provided in this section following the guidelines of Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) Environment Policy (2002) and Environmental Assessment Guidelines (EAG) (2003). As the sewerage treatment plan, water supply infrastructure plan under Trench 2 and Storm Water Drainage under Trench 1 aims to improve the quality of life by significantly improving the environmental conditions of the city, the environmental impacts are expected to be low and hence a rapid assessment has been performed. The Environmental Assessment is based on reconnaissance surveys, primary and secondary data obtained during actual field surveys, analysis, and from various concerned government departments. The report describes environmental baseline condition of city, existing environmental policies and relevant legislations and administrative framework applicable for the proposed sub component of NKUSIP Package-3. The part covers environmental impacts and mitigation measures for construction and operation phases of the project. Categorisation of project impact has been identified. The Environmental Management Plan and Monitoring Plan are substantiating the IEE report. The IEE report has been prepared as per requirements of ToR of Programme Consultants’ Services. B. Methodology 3. Environmental Assessment (EA) is the process in which environmental factors are integrated into project planning and decision making in details so as to achieve ecologically sustainable development. It aims to predict environmental impacts at an early stage in project planning and design, find ways and means to reduce adverse impacts, shape projects to suit the local environment and present the predictions and options to decision-makers. By using EA both environmental and economic benefits can be achieved, such as reduction of cost and time of project implementation and design, avoid treatment/clean-up costs and impacts of laws and regulations. The methodology adopted for the preparations of feasibility study for the environmental assessment of these sub project are as follows:

(i) Collection, documentation and analysis of environmental baseline data (ii) Environmental Screening. (iii) Assessment of Environmental Effects. (iv) Mitigation Measures (v) Preparation of Environmental Monitoring Plan. (vi) Preparation of Environmental Management Plan

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1 Collection, Documentation and Analysis of Environmental Baseline Data

4. Data was obtained from secondary sources and also the primary data obtained by conducting survey, testing and field investigation

2 Reconnaissance Survey 5. The study team visited the selected alignment of sewer line and proposed Sewer Treatment Plant and Water Treatment Plant along with Water supply line and Storm water drainage alignment. Environmental features are being carried out in this survey.

3 Collection, Collation and Analysis of Data 6. Most of the data collected from the secondary sources. However, primary data field investigation has been drawn. Secondary information was collected from state maps, town maps, census handbooks, Forest Department, Metrological Department, Water Works Deptt and other government publications as well as reports prepared for other projects in town. The data information collected from both primary and secondary sources were collated and analysed.

4 Documentations of Baseline Conditions

7. The documentation of the baseline conditions was completed for Project Influence Zone as per the ADB Guidelines. Primary surveys were carried out for determination of field existing scenario.

5 Environmental Screening 8. Environmental screening is necessary to assess the environmental effects associated with the Project with respect to human health and natural resources. It is also required to categorise the project in terms of its environmental impacts. Environmental screening has been done in line with the guidelines provided in the EAG of ADB (2003).

6 Assessment of Environmental Effect 9. Potentials and significant impacts were identified on the basis of analytical review of baseline data (both primary and secondary); review of land uses and environmental factors within the Project Influence Zone (PIZ). Identification of the probable environmental effects and needful actions at an early stage of the project facilitate in mitigation of the effects. The environmental effects are therefore, assessed for three stages of implementation of the project i.e. Planning and Design (Pre-Construction), Construction and Post-Construction.

7 Mitigation Measures 10. Environmental effects anticipated from the Project have been identified based on the environmental screening. Appropriate measures are needed to mitigate such effects. The environmental effects and corresponding mitigation measures required during the Pre-Construction, Construction and Post-Construction phases of the project have been identified accordingly.

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Flow Chart 1: Methodology of Initial Environmental Examination

Identification of Objectives

Collection of Data Documentation Baseline Analysis

Environmental Screening

Assessment of Effect

Mitigative Measures

Monitoring Plan & Management

Plan

Primary Sources

Secondary Sources

•Reconnaissance survey for laying Sewer Line •Field verification for STP site, WTP Site, Pumping Stations, WHT

• Survey of India, Map

• Census Handbook, • District Gazetteer • Pollution Control

Board Karnataka • Water works Deptt, • Geological Survey of

India Map • Forest Deptt • Department of

Ecology, Environment and Forest

• Meteorological Deptt,

• Archeological Deptt • City Municipal

corporation

• Primary Surveyed data in Statistical data format

• Collected secondary data, report

• Collation of data of Requisite ADB format

• Project Influence Area

• Project Impact Zone ;

Categorization of Project

Impact & Mitigative Measures for

• Planning Phase • Construction

Phase • Operation Phase

Physical Environment

Biological Environment

• Pre Construction Phase

• Construction Phase

• Operation Phase

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8 Preparation of the Environmental Monitoring Plan and Management Plan 11. Timely actions are needed to help in mitigation the environmental effects. Consultants have therefore prepared an Environmental Monitoring Plan and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) covering environmental issues, mitigation measures and actions required. Actions required for various agencies have also been identified in the EMP. The EMP has been prepared for three phases of the project namely Pre Construction, Construction and Post Construction phases. C. Environmental Regulatory Compliance 12. The section discusses the existing environmental policies, relevant legislations with respect to the Sewerage projects, Water Supply Projects, Storm Water Drainage projects and the administrative frameworks for the supervision and implementation of the provisions stipulated therein. The environmental guidelines and procedures of Asian Development Bank (ADB) have also been discussed in this section. 13. The ADB’s Environment Policy mandates the consideration of environment in all aspects of ADB’s operations. The Environment Policy and Operations Manual (OM) 20: Environmental Considerations in ADB Operations outline ADB’s environmental assessment procedures and requirements. These environmental assessment guidelines were prepared to facilitate the implementation of the Environment Policy and the OM 20.

14. Guidelines are designed for use by ADB staff and its Borrowers to provide guidance on how to fulfill ADB’s environmental assessment requirements. These guidelines were also prepared to guide consultants who need to know ADB's policies and procedures in preparation of an initial environmental examination (IEE) or an environmental impact assessment (EIA) report for a project under consideration. Guidance is also provided on more strategic tools such as country environmental analysis (CEA) and strategic environmental assessment (SEA). The guidelines may also be of use to non-government organizations (NGOs) and academe that are interested in ADB's environmental requirements and review processes. The current version of the Guidelines has also taken into account the need to harmonize, to the extent appropriate and possible, the procedures of the multilateral development banks.

15. Environment must be considered at all stages of the project cycle from project identification through implementation. The environmental assessment requirements depend on the environment category. Category A projects have the most stringent requirements and need the highest level of effort and resources; Category B have less stringent requirements, and Category C, has the minimum requirements. D. Asian Development Bank Requirements 16. ADB confirms that project proponents must include appropriate environmental and social considerations, through various measures, so as to prevent or minimize the impact on the environment and local communities which may be caused by the projects for which ADB provides funding, and not to bring about unacceptable effects. It will thus contribute to the sustainable development of regions. In making its funding decisions, ADB conducts screenings and reviews of environmental and social considerations to confirm that the requirements are duly satisfied. E. Procedures for Confirmation of Environmental Considerations

1. Screening and Categorisation

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17. The subproject was screened using a Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) checklist (Annexure 1). Given the sector and scale of the project, the substance, and degree of potential environmental impact within the environmental and social context of the proposed project site and surrounding areas, the subproject is considered Category B, requiring an IEE (Table 1).

Table 1: Environmental Assessment Requirements for Project Loans Category Basic Environmental Assessment Requirements B. Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts – but of lesser degree and/or significance than category A (OM 20)

IEE Public consultation IEE report to be prepared

Source: Environmental Assessment Guidelines (EAG) (2003) F. Environmental Law & Regulations

1. The Environmental (Protect) Act, 1986 and the EIA Notification, 2006 18. The Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 is the umbrella legislation providing for the

protection of environment in the country. This act provides the Environment (Protection) Rules, which were formulated in 1986. The Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 and the various amendments thereto have been notified under this act. As per the Amendment, formal Environmental Clearance from the ministry is not required for any sewerage, drainage or water supply project

2. The Water and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Acts

19. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) act, 1974 resulted in the establishment of the Central and State Level pollution Control Boards (CPCB and SPCB) whose responsibilities include managing water quality and effluent standards, as well as monitoring water quality, prosecuting offenders and issuing licenses for construction and operational of certain facilities similarly. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, empowers the SPCBs to enforce air quality standards set by the CPCB.

20. The Project requires the obtaining of clearances from the State Pollution Board of

Karnataka pursuant to the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) act of 1974, the Cess Act of 1977 and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981.

3. Bidar Municipal Council

21. Bidar Municipal Council is mainly responsible for handling key responsibilities like supply

of portable water, sanitation and public hygiene, public lighting, sustainable urban growth, regulation of building construction and licensing of commercial activities, etc.

22. With special reference to the sewerage and drainage system, the Bidar Municipal

Council is involved in:

(i) Operation and maintenance of drainage and proposed sewerage systems. (ii) Construction and maintenance of surface drains, deep drains along the road and

lanes within municipal maintenance.

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4. Key Environmental Laws and Regulations 23. The environmental regulations and legislations relevant to this Project and its

applicability of Acts and Rules described above have been summarized in Table 2 for Sewerage projects and Table 3 for Water Supply Project and in Table 4 for Storm Water Drainage projects.

Table 2: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislations for Sewerage Projects in

Bidar City No

Acts Year Applicability Reason Yes No

1 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act

1981 √ �

This act will also be applicable to the project during construction for two new STPs of proposed 55.94 MLD for ultimate design year 2041. All the primary treatment units are to be constructed for the ultimate design flow of 42.98 MLD for the year 2041, where the secondary treatment units shall be constructed for the intermediate flow of 31.20 MLD for the year of 2026 at. Gournalli Village. The remaining Zone -3 could be considered independently which comprises of the design of collection system and a separate STP at Naubad

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Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act

1958 � √

City is rich in having monuments and protected sites. However, no construction work is anticipated near these structures and controlled are, which can affect them. Therefore, this act is not applicable to the project.

3

Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules

1998 � √ These rules are not applicable, as the project would deal with sewerage system.

4

Environment (Siting for Industrial Projects) Rules

1999 � √ The said project is an urban infrastructure development project, so rules are not applicable

5

Environment Impact Assessment Notification

2006 √ �

Environment Impact Assessment Notification has been issued for requirement of EIA and activities requiring clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forests and State Government: the activities of STP are not included in this notification. Therefore, the NKUSIP as an urban sector investment program does not require environmental clearance from MoEF and State Government.

6 Environmental (Protection) Act 1986 √ �

Since, all the environmental notifications, rules and schedules are issued under this act, it is applicable. Under this act NOC from regulatory

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No Acts Year

Applicability Reason Yes No authority i.e. State Pollution Control Board, Bidar to be obtained for Consent of establishment of STPs.

7 Forest Conservation Act 1927 1980 � √

In present case this act will not be applicable, as project does not require any forest land to be cleared.

8 Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules

1989 2003 � √

These rules are not applicable because the process does not required handling of any hazardous material

9 Land Acquisition Act 1894 1989 √ �

This act will be applicable because the project requires 55 acres for Gournalli and 16.58 acre for Naubad of land acquisition for the construction of new two STPs. The acquiring of land is in progress at Gournalli village.

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Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules

2000 √ �

The provisions of these rules shall be applicable as the solid wastes in terms of sludge; grit and screened waste are to be handled.

11 National Forest Policy 1952 1988 � √

This policy shall not be applicable; the project does not require any forestland to be cleared.

12 Noise Pollution Regulation and Control Act

1990 � √

This act will not apply to the present project. Noise pollution may results during the construction and operation of the STP – the DG sets at IMPS, etc. Because designated electricity line is provided.

13 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act

1974 √ � This act will be applicable as the project abstracts the raw water from perennial Manjra River

14 Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972 � √ This act will not be applicable as there is no wild life within the project area to be affected.

Source: Analysis

Table 3: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislations for Water Supply Projects

Sl. No

Acts Year Applicability

Reason Yes No

1 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act

1981 √ �

This act will also be applicable to the project during construction and operation of proposed 61.1 MLD for the WTP for ultimate design year 2041.

2

Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act

1958 � √

City is rich in having monuments and protected sites. However, no construction work is anticipated near these structures, which can affect them. Therefore, this act is not applicable to the project.

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Sl. No

Acts Year Applicability

Reason Yes No

3 Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules

1998 � √ These rules are not applicable, as the project would deal with sewerage system.

4 Environment (Siting for Industrial Projects) Rules

1999 � √ The said project is an urban infrastructure development project, so rules are not applicable

5 Environment Impact Assessment Notification

2006 � √

Environment Impact Assessment Notification has been issued for requirement of EIA and activities requiring clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forests and State Government: the activities of WTP are not included in this notification. Therefore, the NKUSIP as an urban sector investment program does not require environmental clearance from MoEF and State Government regulatory authority State Pollution Control Board Bidar.

6 Environmental (Protection) Act 1986 √ � Since, all the environmental notifications, rules and schedules are issued under this act, it is applicable.

7 Forest Conservation Act 1927 1980 � √

In present case this act will not be applicable, as project does not require any forestland to be cleared.

8 Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules

1989 2003 � √

These rules are not applicable because the process does not required handling of any hazardous material

9 Land Acquisition Act 1894 1989 √ �

This act will be applicable because the project requires 10 acres of land acquisition for the construction of a new WTP. The acquiring of land is in progress. Land Acquisition is also applicable for installation of reservoirs.

10 Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules

2000 √ �

The provisions of these rules shall be applicable as the solid wastes in terms of grit and screened waste are to be handled.

11 National Forest Policy 1952 1988 � √ This policy shall not be applicable; the project does not require any forestland to be cleared.

12 Noise Pollution Regulation and Control Act

1990 � √

This act will not apply to the present project. Designated power line is provided for operation of WTP, IMPS etc.

13 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act

1974 √ �

This act will be applicable as the project abstracts the raw water from perennial Karanja River and proposed scheme for Karanja reservoir

14 Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972 � √ This act will not be applicable as there is no wild life within the project area to be

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Sl. No

Acts Year Applicability

Reason Yes No affected.

Source: Analysis Table 4: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislations for Storm Water Drainage

Projects Sl No Acts Year

Applicability Reason Yes No

1 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 � √ This act will not be applicable to the project during rehabilitation works.

2 Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act

1958 � √

No construction work is anticipated near any protected site, which can affect them. Therefore, this act is not applicable to the project.

3 Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules

1998 � √ These rules are not applicable, as the project would deal with drainage system.

4 Environment (Siting for Industrial Projects) Rules 1999 � √ The said project is an urban infrastructure development project

5 Environment Impact Assessment Notification 2006 √ �

Environment Impact Assessment Notification has been issued for requirement of EIA and activities requiring clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forests and State Government: the activities of lying of drains are not included in this notification. Therefore, the NKUSIP as an urban sector investment program does not require environmental clearance from MoEF and State Government.

6 Environmental (Protection) Act 1986 √ �

Since, all the environmental notifications, rules and schedules are issued under this act, it is applicable.

7 Forest Conservation Act 1927 1980 � √

In present case this act will not be applicable, as project does not require any forestland to be cleared.

8 Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules

1989 2003 � √

These rules are not applicable because the process does not required handling of any hazardous material

9 Land Acquisition Act 1894 1989 � √ There will be no acquisition of land.

10 Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules

2000 √ � The provisions of these rules shall be applicable as the solid wastes in terms of municipal wastes are

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Sl No Acts Year

Applicability Reason Yes No to be handled.

11 National Forest Policy 1952 1988 � √ This policy shall not be applicable; the project does not require any forestland to be cleared.

12 Noise Pollution Regulation and Control Act

1990 � √ This act will not apply to the present project. .

13 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974 √ � This act will be applicable for the project.

14 Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972 � √ This act will not be applicable as there is no wild life within the project area to be affected.

Source: Analysis G. Scope of IEE:

24. Main Scope of this work to assess the categorization of projects components and

assessment of potential impacts to be analysed. As per ADB guidelines Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts (OM 20) and preparation of mitigation plan, responsibility matrix, Monitoring plan and detailed Environmental Management report.

H. Report Structure: This report contains the following heads:

(i) Stage 1: Description of the Investment Programme in this city (ii) Stage 2: Project Description (iii) Stage 3: Description of Environment (iv) Stage 4: Environmental Screening of Sub Component (v) Stage 5: Potential Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures (vi) Stage 6: Institutional Roles and Responsibility (vii) Stage 7: Environmental Monitoring Plan (viii) Stage 8: Environmental Management Plan (ix) Stage 9: Public Consultation and Information Disclosure (x) Stage10: Findings & Recommendations.

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II. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAMME COMPONENT A. NKUSIP Investment Programme Goal 25. Government of Karnataka (GoK) through the Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) has prepared the North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Programme (NKUSIP) under the Asian Development Bank assistance. The goal of the programme is to improve the level, quality and sustainability of basic urban services in selected Urban Local bodies (ULBs) contributing to improve quality of life among the urban Poor. The NKUSIP is consistent with GOIs urban reform objective for the Tenth Plan Period (2002-2007), which entails a reform agenda to initiate the process of:

(i) Enhancing the capacity of Urban Local bodies (ULBs) to assume their functions

in accordance with the 74th Constitutional Amendments, with greater sustainability and accountability.

(ii) Strengthening local finance through rationalising and improvement of property tax, and levy of sufficient user charges;

(iii) Ensuring improved maintenance of existing assets; and (iv) Introducing better accounting and financial management practices.

26. The NKUSIP would provide the momentum for the overall reform by supporting these objectives in Karnataka and promoting the emergence of better functioning cities.

27. The development purpose is designed to assist Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to “promote good urban management, and develop and expand urban infrastructure to increase economic opportunities and to reduce vulnerability to environmental degradation and urban poverty”. Outputs from several vital studies, financial assessment and social and Environmental Assessment, etc, have formed the backbone for the programme appraisal leading to approval of loan. B. Need for Infrastructure Improvement: 28. To encourage reforms and fast track planned development of the cities and efficiency in urban infrastructure and urban services delivery mechanisms and accountability of Municipal areas towards citizens the following prime objectives have been framed out:

(i) Design & rehabilitate essential municipal infrastructure (ii) Rehabilitate essential non municipal services (iii) Raise the quality of life of urban population of Bidar City.

29. NKUSIP comprises the following seven components. Parts A through E is designed to address the urban development needs of the Bidar City; Part F is designed to address requirement for fire services, tourism development; Part G is designed to address capacity

1. improving and augmenting the economic and social infrastructure of cities,

2. ensuring the basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure at affordable prices,

3. initiating wide – ranging urban sector reforms whose primary aim is to eliminate legal, institutional and financial constraints that have impeded investment in urban infrastructure and services, and

4. strengthening better accounting and financial management practices with the provisions of the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992

FOCUS OF NKUSIP

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building initiatives of the Investment Program ULBs and training requirement for staff; and Part H is designed to assist Investment Program implementation.

(i) Part A : Environmental Sanitation Infrastructure; (ii) Part B : Water Supply Infrastructure; (iii) Part C : Urban Storm Water Drainage (iv) Part D : Urban Roads Improvement; (v) Part E : Poverty Alleviation; (vi) Part F : Non-Municipal Infrastructure; (vii) Part G : Institutional Development; and (viii) Part H : Investment Program Assistance Facility.

Part A: Environmental Sanitation Infrastructure 30. This component comprises (i) sewerage and sanitation, which includes rehabilitation of existing sewer networks, Supplying and Laying of network of Lateral Trunk Main & Laterals in Proposed Sewerage Zone, sewage treatment plants and sewage pumping stations, Flushing cisterns & Ventilating shafts and construction/expansion of new sewerage system including network and treatment plants; Part B: Water Supply Infrastructure 31. This component comprises into two phases , under 1st phase rehabilitation of the existing Water Supply System including water augmentation, Repair of Pumping machinery, Providing bulk flow meter, providing adequate number of air valves, pressure relief valve, anchor blocks, repair of valve chambers, installation of Chemical dosing equipment. Repairs or replacement of filter controls, replacement of filter media, replacement of defective valves, equipments for the Laboratory, Providing bulk flow meter, providing adequate number of air valves, pressure relief valve, anchor blocks. Repair of valve chambers, water level indicator, lightning arrestor, Plastering, repair of leakages in pipe joints and valves. Headworks, transmission and distribution system (mains and reservoirs), distribution system (including house service connections) water treatment plant. Part C: Urban Storm Water Drainage 32. Urban drainage, which includes improvements to primary drain into Desilting, deweeding and cleaning in entire stretch, Redesign of the drain sections, Excavation of the drain in encroached stretches, Construction of side walls and bottom slab of the entire drain as per redesign, Construction of top slab of the drain within the city limit, Construction of the drain at railway crossing on Manhally Road, Repairs to culverts and secondary drains with Desilting, deweeding and cleaning, Redesign of the drain sections, Construction of side walls and bottom slab of the drain, Linking of the peripheral drain to the main drain along with provision of pumping station Part D: Urban Road Improvement 33. This component comprises improvements to ULB roads, and comprises improvement and strengthening to critical road links, traffic management measures and street lighting. Part E: Poverty Alleviation 34. This component will address the environmental conditions of informal and formal low income settlements. NKUSIP will improve environmental services in these settlements by providing water supply, sewerage, drainage, and pavements. For settlements not recognized

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by the ULB, the Investment Program will provide for public conveniences catering to the environmental sanitation needs of dwellers. Part F: Non-Municipal Infrastructure 35. Fire services, tourism and heritage conservation, lake conservation, etc. shall form a part of the non-municipal infrastructure component under the Investment Program. The components will be detailed during the detailed design phase and considered for funding during the mid-term review. Part G: Institutional Development 36. The institutional development component will comprise capacity building of Investment Program ULBs through (i) computerization, property tax assessment and service utility line mapping through a Geographical Information System; (ii) facilitating transition of ULB accounting functions to a Fund Based Accounting System through computerization of accounting and financial management functions; and (iii) providing training of ULB and State Line Department staff regarding Investment Program implementation and urban governance. Part H: Investment Program Assistance Facility 37. Procurement of consulting services – Investment Program management, design and supervision, and benefit monitoring and evaluation – will form a part of the Investment Program assistance facility. The Investment Program Assistance Facility (IPAF) will finance incremental administration at the Investment Program Management Units (IPMU) and shall cover staff, office and equipment costs required for supporting the Investment Program. Information, Education and Communication (IEC) requirement by sector and payment towards Investment Program Consultant (IPC) services will form a part of the IPAF. C. Project Component:

1. Sewerage Works:

38. The sewerage system works are proposed in three phases. It is considered that the works under first phase will be implemented under NKUSIP and the works under the second phase may be taken up under UDISSMT & third phase works will be taken up in future in other projects. Works proposed in the first phase works under NKUSIP is construction of STP for Zone 1 & 2 and only trunk mains in Zone1. Remaining Works for Zone 1 & 2 are proposed under UIDSSMT. Further Zone-3 is to be implemented phase three.

Table 5: Project Area, Present and Projected Population in Bidar City

Project Area Extent of

Area (Sq. km)

Census Population

2001

Projected Population in 2026(Intermediate Stage

Design Year)

Projected Population in 2041

(Ultimate Stage Design Year)

All areas under jurisdiction of Bidar City

43.13 1,74,257 3,33,892 4,93,236

Source: DPR 39. The proposed sewerage system in Bidar City is divided into three sewerage zones. The design horizon for the project is 2041. It is proposed that under NKUSIP, works are taken up in only trunk main sewers in zone 1 along with sewage treatment plant for zone 1 and 2. The remaining lateral Sewers, sub trunk mains in Zone 1 and complete collection

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system for Zone 2 is being proposed under UIDSSMT. Trunks mains, Sub Trunk mains, Lateral sewers and STP at Naubad for Zone -3 is to be taken up future in other projects.

40. The sewerage system improvement works are proposed in three phases. The detail is furnished as follow:

Table 6 Details of Sewerage Infrastructure Proposed in Bidar

Infrastructure Description Location Land Acquisition

A. Components to be built under ADB financing (Phase I works) Construction of Trunk Mains in Zone 1

Under NKUSIP all sewers above 200mm diameter will be constructed along with 11 km of 150mm diameter laterals. Further 2985 house connections are proposed to be constructed which will connect 9000 houses.

Zone I: Ward 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 15, 21, 26, 32, 33, 34, 35 30, 31.

No Land Acquisition

Construction of STP at Gournalli

Zone 1 & 2 total capacity for 42.98 MLD

Gournalli Village

55 acers

Electrical Works: Non-clog Sewage pump set (5 Nos) at Wet well of STP

The sewage treatment plant have been located in such a way that most of the trunk mains drain by gravity into wet well of the treatment plant and also adequate land is available for construction of these plants.

Near proposed STP Site

Not Require

Components to be built under other financing (not ADB) (Phase II works) Under UDISSMT Fund. Providing & laying Sewer Pipeline & Construction of Man hole chambers

The remaining part of 150mm diameter laterals in Zone -1 and entire collection system in Zone – 2 are being proposed during second phase under UIDSSMT

City No land acquisition

15

Infrastructure Description Location Land Acquisition

Remaining Trunk Main, Sub Trunk mains, and laterals for Zone-1 Laying of Trunk Main, Sub Trunk mains, and laterals for Zone-2

Pipe Diameter

Length of Sewer

150 11589 200 6117 250 5867 350 2558 400 6730 450 258 500 2477 600 171 700 1425 800 712 900 1617

1200 26 Total

Proposed Length

of Sewers 39547

City No land Acquisition

Supply, erection, electrification & commissioning of Non-clog Sewage pumps et (5 Nos) at Wet well No. 1

Submersible pumps with no of 4W+2S

Construction of wet well cum pump house at Dist – I

Land acquisition

Construction of wet well cum pump house at Dist – II

Land Acquisition

III Phase Work Providing & laying Sewer Pipeline & Construction of Man hole chambers

Laying of Trunk Main, Sub Trunk mains, and laterals for Zone-3

Supply, erection, electrification & commissioning of Non-clog Sewage pump set (5 Nos) at Wet well No. 1

Construction of Wet well cum pump house at Dist – I

Construction of STP for Zone -3

12.96 MLD for Zone3

Naubad Land is not identified

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2. Water Works:

41. Present sources of water within Bidar are managed both by surface water source and ground water source. Total water supplied at present is around 13.50 MLD out of which 11.4 MLD is taken from Manjra River and remaining 1.90 MLD is drawn from bore wells. The problem with this source of water is that flow in the river is insufficient and flow is lean in summer season. As a result, water supply to Bidar City is affected in summer season. The existing water supply system in Bidar City is based on two water supply schemes. They are old Manjra and new Manjra water supply schemes. Presently old Manjra Scheme is defunct. For adequate water supply in Bidar CIty, new water source needs to be identified.

42. After carrying out studies of Bidar City and its surrounding area, the assured source of water supply found is Karanja reservoir. It is located about 22 km away from Bidar City. Karanja reservoir is also being considered as source of water supply schemes in Humnabad and Chitaguppa Town. The following water sources are proposed for ulitisation for Bidar water supply system:

(i) Existing Manjara river source presently supplying 11.40 MLD (in summer season) is retained.

(ii) The balance quantity of water i.e. 49.70 MLD to meet gross water demand in the year 2041 is proposed to be obtained from Karanja Reservoir. Suitable intake well, Jack well and pumping station are proposed to be constructed on the bank of Karanja reservoir.

43. It is proposed that the New Manjra Water Supply Scheme will continue to serve and necessary rehabilitation of the scheme is taken up under NKUSIP. Assured supply of water considered from the new Manjra water supply Scheme is 11.4 MLD. This quantity of water is available in Manjra barrage in summer season

44. The table below provides the list of proposed rehabilitation works.

The Details of Water Supply works for Bidar City has been enlisted in following table:

Table 7: Details of Water Supply Works Proposed in Bidar

Infrastructure Description Location Land Acquisition

Components to be built under ADB financing (Phase I works) New Manjra Water Supply Scheme. Barrage Protection works on left bank. Left Bank of Barrage Raw water pumping machinery. Repair of Pumping machinery

Pumping Machines at Augmentation point

Raw water pumping main.

Providing bulk flow meter, providing adequate number of air valves, pressure relief valve, anchor blocks, repair of valve chambers

Pumping Mains

Water treatment plant. Installation of Chemical dosing equipment. Repairs or replacement of filter controls, replacement of filter media, replacement of defective valves,

WTP site at Tanda Village

Land acquisition

17

Infrastructure Description Location Land Acquisition

equipments for the Laboratory. Clear water transmission mains from Janawada road pumping station to service reservoirs.

Providing bulk flow meter, providing adequate number of air valves, pressure relief valve, anchor blocks. Rapair of valve chambers

from Janawada road pumping station to service reservoirs.

Repairs to Existing service Reservoirs

Water level indicator, lightning arrestor Plastering, repair of leakages in pipe joints and valves.

Reservoirs

Proposed Augmentation Works Intake Works: Intake Well Two numbers of 5.0 m dia. and 6

m depth. within the reservoir,

Provision for Coffer Dam

250 m length Reservoirs

Connecting Pipe between Intake Well and Jackwell

800 mm dia RCC NP3 Pipe for a length of 100 m.

convey water from Jackwell to water

treatment plant. The length of the pipe line will be about 8.7 Km

Jack well cum Pumping Station

10 m dia , 8.0 m depth

Approach Road 100 m in length Raw Water Pumping Machinery

1034 HP -535 lps-115.00 m Head – Two number vertical turbine pumps (One working and one standby)

Raw Water Pumping Main up to Niramanahalli Tanda

MS pipe of 914 mm dia for a length of 8.7 km

Water Treatment Plant at Niramanahalli Tanda

49.70 MLD for the design year 2041

Niramanahalli Tanda village

10 acre of Land Required

Clear water Gravity Main from Water Treatment Plant to Sump and Pump House at Naubad

Mild steel pipe of 965 mm dia for the length of 9.50 km

master balancing reservoir Naubad,

where treated water will be stored

Sump and Clear Water Pumping Station at Naubad

0.80 ML for intermediate stage.

Feeder mains from Clear Pumping Station at Naubad to existing and proposed service

The proposed feeder main comprises of DI pipes of K-9 class and MS pipes for the total length of 29.00 Km.

pumping station at Naubad

18

Infrastructure Description Location Land Acquisition

reservoirs.

Construction of new service Reservoirs.

Construction of 8 No of service reservoirs and repairs to 12 No of existing Reservoirs.

Different part of City

Distribution Network from New Reservoirs and Remodelling of Water Supply Network

Approximate length of new pipe network will be 20 Km.

Naubad, Shahapur gate, Lalwadi village,

Gumpa Area

Source: DPR, Water Supply Works, Bidar

D. Project Description: 1 Sewerage System Improvement Work:

45. Bidar city is one of the 21 class I cities of Karnataka. Classified as a City Municipal Council (CMC), is located in the northern plateau region of Karnataka State. It is located at an altitude of 664 meters above mean sea level (MSL). The territorial jurisdiction of the CMC covers 43 sq. km. Currently, the average population density is 4,053 persons/sq. km. The project area of the sewerage plan is the area under the jurisdiction of Bidar City Municipal Council limit. The total number of households in the town is 28,850 according to 2001 census. This town has historical significance. The old part of the town has two forts. The King’s Fort, which is now declared as an ancient monuments and the town fort occupied by the people. In the east, the railway lines and the state highway separate the Old Fort Town and the Gunj area, which is relatively new area. The south of the railway line is mainly occupied by Government of India for its Indian Air-force Training Centre. In the west, both to the south of the railway line and the north of the railway line, the Industrial area Development Board has developed the Industrial area. The famous Papanshahm Shiva Temple, Gurunanak Zhera and Narsimha Zhera area all located on the northern valley points in the north and south east. (ref map 1) 46. In Bidar City, sewer network was laid in some parts of the old city and covers only 30% of total city limit and parts of extension area along the south and east. Remaining areas, individual septic tanks and dry latrines provide the disposal system for domestic sewage. There is no sewage treatment plant in the city. The untreated sewage flows freely in the directions to the existing valleys. No sewage treatment facility has been provided. 47. The existing sewerage system in Bidar City has three drainage districts, each district drained through one main sewer beyond Haladkeri village. District one comprises the localities of Dargapura, Rohelle Galli, Harijan Wada, Mohella Soudagran, Talwadi, Shahbur Ground, Taleem Maniyar, Golekhana, Patel Nagar, Part of Noorkhan Taleem and Mission area. The main sewer commences from N-W corner of outer fort and runs east wards along a flat valley and ultimately terminates ultimately into "Narsing Zarana". From there the sewer is diverted to join sewer B of district 2 after crossing the railway line. This District two covers outside area in NW of the town, such as part of Mysore Housing Board Colony, Shah Gunj, the southern part of area inside fort and south-eastern area outside fort. The main commences from Naya Kaman, flows along the southern fort wall and then follows the valley by the side of PWD office and runs upto Haladkeri village, where it joins the main sewer C and outfall sewer. District three comprises most of the new extension areas, which either exists or is being developed. The already developed extension areas are on the western side of old town along Zahirabad Nanded road and upto Gandhi Gunj. The main sewer commences from Udgir road in front of jail and almost follows the western boundary of

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municipal area, upto industrial estate. From there, it follows a valley flowing eastward and ultimately joins the outfall sewer beyond Haladkeri village. There is no sewerage network coverage in the peripheral areas of the city. All the settlements in the periphery are low density populated pockets. The urban area is presently not having any sewerage system and the sewage is left out in open through local drains. There are septic tanks in 50% of the households.

48. Under the Multisector Project for Infrastructure Improvement in Bidar, sample subprojects under the following sewerage plan were identified and the IEEs were conducted for typical works. This project includes sewerage pipeline, pumping station and two treatment plants near Gournalli Village and Naubad Village for Bidar City. First two zones (Zone 1 & Zone 2) carries at Gournalli village and for Zone 3 at Naubad Village STP. The Proposed sewerage system is divided into three sewerage zones: ( ref Map 2) 49. The proposed sewerage system in Bidar City is divided into three sewerage zones. The projected population and sewage generation in the three sewerage zones is shown in the table below. Refer map -2 attached.

Table 8: Project Description: Sewerage

Source: DPR

Zones Population Sewage Generation in MLD Areas 2001 2011 2026 2041 2001 2011 2026 2041

Zone 1 113067 138009 188272 262355 12.82 15.65 21.35 29.75 Ward No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20,21,26,29,30,31,32,33,34 and35

Zone 2 44735 59959 86873 116637 5.07 6.80 9.85 13.23 Ward No 16,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,27,28,29 and 30

Zone 3 16454 28056 58747 114244 1.87 3.18 6.66 12.96 Ward No 16,17,18, 19 and 20

Total 174256 226024 333892 493236 19.76 25.63 37.86 55.94

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Fig 1: Proposed STP Site at Gournalli

a. Treatment Technologies 50. The following alternatives of Wastewater Treatment process shall be considered for evaluation:

1. Waste stabilization pond (Anaerobic Pond followed by facultative Pond &

Maturation ponds)

2. Aerated Lagoon with maturation pond

3. Activated Sludge process

4. Extended aeration

5. Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) process

6. Facultative Aerated Lagoon

7. Fluidized Aerobic Bed (FAB) Reactor

8. Trickling Filters

The following tables enable us to assess the technological options for STPs

Table 9: A comparison some of the STP technologies (per MLD in Rupees)

Sl No. Item / parameters ASP FAL WSP (MCWSP) UASBR MBR

1. Overall HRT 12-14 hrs 36-60 hrs 8-15 days 14-18 hrs 12-14 hrs 2. BOD Removal % 85-95 80-90 75-85 80-95 95-98 3. COD Removal % 80-90 80-90 70-85 80-90 95-100 4. TSS Removal % 85-90 85-90 70-85 85-90 98-100 5. Fecal coliform

Removal, Log unit Up to 3

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7. Chemical hazard / risk

High No High No No

Table 11: Performance characteristics for various sewage treatment methods:

Sl No. Items

Conventional Activated

Sludge Process (ASP)

UASBR Waste

Stabilization Ponds

Facultative Aerated Lagoons

1. Sludge Handling

First digested then dried on beds or by use of mechanical devices

Directly dried on beds or by use of mechanical devices

Manual desludging once in 2 year for anaerobic ponds and 5-10 years for facultative pond

Mechanical desludging once in 5-10 years

2. Equipment Requirement (excluding screening and grit removal common to all processes)

Aerators, recycle pumps, scrappers, thickeners, digeters, dryers, gas equipment

Nil except gas collection and flaring, gas conversion to electricity is optional

Nil Aerators only

3. Operational characteristics

Skilled operation required

Simpler than ASP

Simplest Simple

4. Special features

Considerable equipment and skilled operation required especially when gas collection and usage considered

Minimal to negligible power required makes it economical alternative even if gas revenue is neglected

Simplest treatment method and No power required but Anaerobic pond may give foul smell

Power required similar to ASP and operation is simpler

51. Activated Sludge Process (ASP) has been selected as treatment technology for 42.98 MLD STP at Gournalli village and 12.96 MLD at Naubad STP site. The technology meets the standards stipulated in the guidelines of CPHEEO Manual. The treated sewage will be used for land irrigation. The sludge will use for manure and solid waste will be disposed off at disposal site. The STP is designed to handle expected in year 2041. It is proposed to develop the two STPs in next phases, 42.98 MLD in second phase and the balance in the next phase in another location for zone 3. (Ref map 4).

2 Water Supply System Improvements:

52. Presently, potable water supply is augmented from new manjra river water supply scheme. The total quantity of water pumped is about 20 mld. Borewells and open wells add another 0.5 mld Ground water is drawn through 29 open wells and 220 bore wells fitted with hand pumps. In summer season, total water supplied from new Manjra water supply scheme is 11.4 mld. When the loss of water in transmission, treatment and distribution is considered, the water reaching the consumer is likely to be much less. The existing water supply system in Bidar City is based on two water supply schemes. Old Manjra and new Manjra water supply schemes. Presently old Manjra Scheme is defunct. In New Manjra water supply

22

scheme, raw water is pumped to the water treatment plant through a pumping main, located at Markhal village. There are thirteen service reservoirs in use at Janawada Road side OHT, Mohan market, Devi Colony, Basava Nagar OHT, Mangal Peth near SP office, Maniyar Taleem, Gandhi ganj, Lidkar Colony, Chidri village, Pratap Nagar, Mailoor village, Haladkeri, kumbarawada. 53. Depending on the location of the serving Overhead Tanks, Bidar city has been divided into ten water supply distribution zones. Still many localities in Bidar city are water deficient. They are mostly located on the peripheral areas of the city like Mangalpet, Naya Kaman, Fateh Darwaja, Chowbara, Ram Mandir area, Haladkeri Lalwadi, Mailoor village, Kumbarwada, Gandhi Ganj, Vidyanagar colony, Basavanagar, Ambedkar colony, Naubad village, Janata Labour Colony, Multani colony, Gumpa Area, Jerusalem colony. 54. The gross water demand for Bidar City for ultimate stage (2041) has been estimated about 61.10 MLD. For adequate water supply in Bidar CIty, new water source has been identified. At Karanja dam and reservoir is located at a distance of 22Km from Bidar City. Karanja reservoir will be a sustainable water supply source for Bidar City. One more Water Treatment plant is also proposed at Niramnahalli Tanda Village. Existing Manjara river source presently supplying 11.40 MLD (in summer season) is retained. The balance quantity of water i.e. 49.70 MLD to meet gross water demand in the year 2041 is proposed to be obtained from Karanja Reservoir. Suitable intake well, Jack well and pumping station are proposed to be constructed on the bank of Karanja reservoir. 55. The summary of proposed works is as under into two main:

A. Rehabilitation of New Manjra water supply scheme will include the following works under

(i) Replacement of defective air valves, sluice valves, etc. in raw water and clear water pumping mains

(ii) Installation of surge protection device in raw and treated water pumping main (iii) Repair of valve chambers of raw and treated water pumping mains (iv) Rehabilitation of water treatment plant by replacement of filter media, replacement

of defectives valves, installation of flash mixer and alum solution tanks. (v) Repair of service reservoirs.

B. Water Supply Augmentation Scheme from Karanja Reservoir (i) Intake Well and Jack Well cum Pumping Station near Karanja reservoir: (ii) Raw water pumping main from Jack Well Cum Pumping Station to Water

Treatment Plant at Niramanahalli Tanda area. (iii) WTP near Niramanahalli Tanda village: (iv) Clear Water Sump Cum Pumping Station at Naubad (v) Feeder Mains to Service Reservoirs (vi) Service Reservoirs (vii) Distribution system covering un serviced areas and extension zones

56. Water Supply Augmentation Scheme from Karanja Reservoir and installation of Water Treatment Plant at Niramanahalli Tanda and proposed service reservoirs at Fort Area (OHT), Naubad Area (GLSR), Lalwadi Village (OHT), Gumpa Area (OHT), Ambedkar Colony (OHT), Maniyar Taleem (OHT), Chidri (OHT), Guru Nanak colony, shivanagar (OHT). New distribution network is proposed in presently uncovered area in the Bidar City. The new areas are Naubad, Shahapur gate, Lalwadi village, Gumpa Area. Re-zoning of the distribution zones has been proposed and accordingly there will be remodelling of the distribution network.

23

57. Depending on the location of the serving Overhead Tanks, Bidar city has been divided into ten water supply distribution zones. Each water zone is further divided into sub zones catering to independent areas. The details of the distribution zones are as below:

Table 12 : Details of Distribution Zones in Bidar City

Zones Service Reservoir Design Capacity Areas Covered

Zone – I OHT, Janwada road.

0.908 KHB Colony (HUDCO houses), Out side fort areas viz. Multani Colony, Labour Colony, shah Gunj, DCC Bank area, Rao Taleem, Shetakar Galli, Kushum Galli, Mustaidpura Raja Bagh, Pansel Taleem up to Faitha Darwaja road etc.

Zone – II OHT, Maniyar Taleem.

0.98 Old city areas (Fort area) like Rowelle Galli, Bhim Nagar, Rama Mandir, Old Civil Hospital, Osman Gunj, Maniyar Taleem, Gole Khana, Noorkhan Taleem, Brahman Wadi, Dataya Galli, Talhat village etc.

Zone – III OHT, Gandhi Gunj. 0.681 Khazi colony, Ambedkar colony, Hoorageri, Complete Gandhi Gunj area. Part of Vidyanagar colony, Badruddin North and South. Adarsha colony behind Railway track, Behind Air Force School area etc.

Zone - IV OHT, Forest Nursery.

0.908 Mohan market area, Nandi colony, Jyothi colony, Raghavendra colony, Bank colony, KPTCL quarters, Ganesh Maidan, Stadium area, Government Quarters behind service station, Old Bus stand area, Jail colony, Part of K.H.B. Colony etc.

Zone – V OHT, Devi Colony. 0.908 Devi colony area, Part of Bank colony (Akka Mahadevi Colony), Joga Singh layout, Leftside of Zarna road, Vijayanagar colony near new K.S.R.T.C Bus stand, Complete north and south of Shivajinagar, Area upto Air Force boundary limits etc.

Zone – VI OHT, B.V.B. College.

0.908 Major portion of Vidhyanagar colony, Maloor road, Basavanagar, Part of Jungle koi etc.

Zone – VII OHT, S.P. Office 0.908 Mangalpet area, Methodist church area, Dhobi galli, Subhash chowk, Pakalwada, P.W.D. Quarters, Police Quarters, Abdul Faiz darga, Area behind Railway track, Behind S.P. Bungalow localities including higher zonal area of Ladgeri Hoogeri and Siddarthnagar.

OHT, Haladakeri village

0.05 Lower zone localities of Ladgeri and complete Haladakeri village.

Zone – VIII

OHT, Lidkar Colony.

0.1 Part of Vijayanagar colony, Bidari colony, Waddar colony, Haque colony.

OHT, Mailoor Road.

0.05 Mailoor road right side areas like Shastri Nagar, Jumgi colony, Localities near Government Godown.

Zone - IX (Proposed OHT)

OHT, Kumbara wada village

0.05 Kumbar wada village. (Presently fed by ground water).

Zone – X OHT, Pratap Nagar 0.05 Pratapnagar.

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Zone - XI OHT – Chidri Village

0.05 Chidri village.

Source: DPR Water Supply, Bidar

a. Measures taken to Intake Works:

58. The proposed circular intake well on karanja Dam at Niramanahalli Tanda area village is a circular concrete structure, approximately 4.0 m diameter and 8 meters high. 59. The intake design structure design should provide for withdrawal of water from more than one level to cope up with seasonal variation of depth of water. Under sluices should be provided for release of less desirable water held in storage.

60. In the design of intake a generous factor of safety must be allowed as forces to be resisted by intake are known only approximately. Protection measure for designing the intake work has been considered on different situations:

(i) Normal situation (ii) Flood Condition

(i) Normal Situation: Where river bed level 367.12 m (above msl)

Below river bed level pipe invert level is taken as 360.20 m Intake bottom level 365.12 m Minimum water level 368.70 m Normal water level 370.20 m Soil Bearing Capacity 10 kn/m2 500 mm dia of Anchorage = 4 no

(ii) Flood Situation: River bed level 376.12 m which will not affect intake water from Intake bottom level 365.12 m During flood 4 units of Anchorage will hold the total load also. The following figure shows the design of Intake works and its protection measure. The conduit for conveying water from the intake should lead to a Jack well in or near the pumping station.

0.40

0.40

0.20

5.204.00

0.70

INTAKE BOTTOM LEVEL 365.12

MINIMUM WATER LEVEL 368.70

SLAB INVERT LEVEL 373.20

NORMAL WATER LEVEL 370.20

0.90

0.90

RIVER BED LEVEL 367.12

PIPE INVERT LEVEL 366.20

2.50

0.4

4 NO'S OF 500Ø ANCHORAGE

Fig 2 : Design Parameter and criteria of Intake water work at Niramanahalli Tanda Village

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b. Assessment of Water availability of Source: Surface Water of Karanja Reservoir: 61. Karanja dam and reservoir is located at a distance of 22Km from Bidar City. Karanja River is a tributary of Manjra River, which joined river Godavari. Details of the Karanja Irrigation Project are shown in the table below.

Table 13: Details of Karanja Irrigation Project

Source: DPR, Water Supply, Bidar

Table 14: The proposed system

Sl. No. Year Availability at

Proposed Source in TMC*

Approximate TMC of Water to be drawn

% of total capacity to be used

1. 2011 28.28 0.363 1.28 2. 2026 -do- 0.558 1.97 3. 2041 -do- 0.787 2.78

Source: Janwad Gauged station

3 Storm Water Drainage System Improvements 62. The storm water drainage system in Bidar is predominantly open and extends to a drainage network length of 192.44 km covering 32 percent of the total road length in the town. There are two primary drains in Bidar City. The first primary drain is a nallah running north-south through the heart of the city. The length of this nallah is about 4.0 km. A length of about 1 km of this nallah from Multani Colony to Punjab Sindh Bank excavated before year 1950. With the pace of time, this channel got silted up right upto natural ground level.

63. This primary drain in Bidar city is a nallah running north – south covering following areas:

(i) Multani Colony Chowk near Fort. (ii) Muttanga area. (iii) Labour colony (iv) Main road near Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Circle, Shah Ganj area. (v) Adjacent to Sangam Theatre and opposite side of Punjab Sindh Bank. (vi) Side of DCC Bank. (vii) Passing through culvert on Hyderabad Road near Punjab Sindh Bank. (viii) Railway Bridge on Mannali Road. (ix) Harrorgeri Village. (x) Kumbarwada. (xi) Gournalli Nala.

64. The drain is passing through congested areas of the city and filled up and encroached in several stretches. Because of this, there is stagnation of waste water in the drain and residents of nearby areas are affected by diseases. There is every possibility of

Location Name of

the Tributary

Catchment Area in Sq.km

75% Dependable

Flow to Reservoir

Proposed Annual

Utilisation

Gross Storage Capacity

Live Storage Capacity

Bylahalli Village, Bhalki Taluk, Bidar

District

Karanja 2025 Sq Kms 271.54 M.

Cum. 262.49 M.

Cum. 217.66

M. Cum. 207.55

M. Cum.

26

infiltration of stagnant waste water causing contamination of under groundwater. The present outfall of this drain is valley on the south west part of the city.

65. The second primary drain starts from near the Putrli-Hyderabad Railway track near IMA and joins the first primary drain on the outskirts of the city in agricultural field. This drain passes through the below mentioned areas:

(i) Iron Colony (ii) Sapna Theatre on Chidri Road (iii) Veterinary Hospital (iv) APMC Yard (v) Road Crossing at Manahalli Road (vi) Kalidas Nagar

Table 15: Details of Local Flooding and Low lying Areas for Primary Drain 1

Sl. No. Area Landuse Reason for Flooding Feasible Solution

1 Multani Colony Residential

Tertiary drains & the drain adjacent to main drain are heavily silted and blocked. The main drain bed level is higher than the tertiary drain bed level.

Encroachment of the drain is to be cleared. Desilting and deweeding of main drain and tertiary drains. Establish main drain full width and continue lining of drain.

2 Labour Colony Residential

The tertiary drains are not connected to any outlet. The main drain is completely filled up to the ground level.

The tertiary drains are to be connected to the main drain. Desilted and deweed main drain.

3 Fort Area Residential and Commercial

Tertiary drains & the drain adjacent to main drain are heavily silted and blocked. The main drain bed level is higher than the tertiary drain bed level.

Encroachment of the drain is to be cleared. Desilting and deweeding of main drain and tertiary drains. Establish main drain full width and continue lining of drain

4 Rail Bridge Residential and Commercial

The drains leading to the under ground drain passing below the Railway Bridge are choked. So is the under ground drain.

The drains and junctions are to be cleaned. The underground drain is mostly covered with paving with occasional stone slabs. The u/g drain is to be cleaned and removable grates provided at 10 m intervals to facilitate cleaning.

5 Halladakeri Residential/ Agricultural

The main drain is completely filled up to the ground level at some stretches. There is no proper defined path of the drain.

Encroachment of the drain is to be cleared Widen/deepen the existing natural drains and line them. Connect the tertiary drains to the widened drains.

6 Kumbarwada Residential/ Agricultural

The main drain is completely filled up to the ground level at some stretches. There is no proper defined path of the drain.

Encroachment of the drain is to be cleared Widen/deepen the existing natural drains and line them. Connect the tertiary drains to the widened drains.

7 Gournalli Agricultural There is no proper defined Encroachment of the drain is to be cleared Widen/deepen the existing

27

Sl. No. Area Landuse Reason for Flooding Feasible Solution

path of the drain. natural drains. Connect the tertiary drains to the widened drains.

Source: DPR Table 16: Details of Local Flooding and Low lying Areas for Primary Drain 2

Sl. No. Area Landuse Reason for Flooding Feasible Solution

1 Near Railway Track –IMA Hall

Residential Tertiary drains & the drain adjacent to main drain are silted and blocked.

Desilting and deweeding of the primary drain and tertiary drains.

2 Area adjacent to Irani colony Residential /Open

The main drain is silted and the flow is obstructed.

The tertiary drains are to be connected to the main drain. Desilting and deweeding main drain required.

3 Chidri Road crossing Commercial The flow in the main drain is obstructed.

Encroachment of the drain is to be cleared. Desilting and deweeding of main drain.

4 APMC Area Commercial / Residential Proper alignment of the drain is to be ensured.

The drains and junctions are to be cleared.

5 Kalidas Nagar Residential

The main drain is filled up to the ground level at some stretches. There is no proper defined path of the drain.

Encroachment of the drain is to be cleared Widen/deepen the existing natural drains and line them. Connect the tertiary drains to the widened drains.

6 Down reach of Akka Mahadevi Colony

Residential/ Agricultural

The main drain is filled up to the ground level at some stretches. There is no proper defined path of the drain.

Encroachment of the drain is to be cleared Widen/deepen the existing natural drain.

Source: DPR 66. Secondary and tertiary drains are provided on both sides of the roads. All these drains are open drains. The pucca drains are V shaped or rectangular drains with V shape in the bottom. The old drains are constructed in stone masonry, while the new drains are constructed in cement concrete. The kutcha drains do not have a regular shape and are more prone to damage by the traffic.

67. Bidar city is situated on a plateau, with predominant slope from north to south. The ground levels vary from maximum 684 m in the north to minimum 652 m in the south. The old city on the north slopes towards the fort, carrying drain water into the water trench around the fort. Extended area to the east of the railway track slopes towards the east towards Janwada road. Areas to the west and south of the railway track slope towards the central nallah and also to the south. The ground slopes are reasonably good for effective drainage of the city. Average annual rainfall is reported to be 900 mm. Heavy rains are experienced in the months of July and August. Heavy showers occur about 3 to 4 times in a year. 68. The proposed work to be done under NKUSIP scheme in Trench 1: 69. The proposed works are briefly explained below:

i) Desilting, deweeding and cleaning in entire stretch

28

70. Siltation in the beds of the drains is a natural phenomenon which reduces the capacity

and life of drainage system. In order to control siltation, there should be provision for desilting and deweeding every year before onset of monsoon for all drains. In Bidar City, the main drain and all other drains are badly silted. Solid waste is dumped in the drains. Hence, the drain needs to be cleaned.

ii) Redesign of the drain sections

71. The drains are redesigned. This will be as per the design rainfall intensity and discharge

from the catchment areas.

iii) Excavation of the drain in encroached stretches

72. The main drains are encroached in many stretches. Also, the drain is narrow in some stretches. These are to be cleared as per design width of the drain.

iv) Construction of side walls, bottom slab and Base Flow Channel.

73. In the drain stretch within the city, no existing side walls have been observed. For the

Primary Drain-1 Laterite side wall for 625.0m, R.C.C side wall for 740.25 m and revetment for 2588.0m both sides are proposed.

74. And For Primary Drain -2 Laterite side wall for 300.0m and revetment for 1450.0m both

sides are proposed.

75. Also, for the drains a base flow channel of size 0.45m X 0.30m is proposed on the bed of the drain.

v) Construction of Top slab at Pedestrian and Road Crossings

76. The top slab is proposed at the pedestrian and Road crossings.

vi) Construction of the drain at railway crossing on Manahally Road

77. One important bottleneck of the main drain is the crossing of the railway line on Manahally road. The drain can be constructed below the existing railway under pass. But, permission will have to obtained from Railway Authorities.

vii) Repairs to culverts

78. Construction/Repairs to culverts shall be provided wherever necessary.

viii) Guard Wall:

79. Guard walls are proposed in some of the stretches of the drain for safety of people.

These are required to avoid accidents.

29

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT A. Environmental Profile of Bidar 80. The baseline environmental status of the project influence area is based on available secondary information and collection of primary data by conducting field survey within proposed sewer line, water supply line and STPs, WTPs, improvement works of Primary drains and within project influence zone. It will help in assessing the magnitude of potential effect both beneficial as well as adverse due to the proposed project activities on the environment. In order to assess the baseline environment conditions of the project area, the following aspects have been considered.

81. Bidar does not have sewerage treatment facility and outfall into holy spring and ultimately at water body. Solid wastes are also dumped into the open drains. These unsanitary practices has created major health problem in the area. To facilitate assessment of adverse environmental impacts, the existing scenario of environmental status of the project region is studied. Water Treatment plant will provide safe water access to residents.

1 Topography & Geology 82. Bidar is located on the northern edge of a plateau, overlooking the low-lying area to the north and east. The plateau stretches approximately 35 kms in length and 19 kms in width consisting of red laterite rocky crust of depth varying from 100 feet to 500 feet supported on an impervious trap base. This has resulted in springs at the cleavages between trap and the laterite rocks. Such water springs can be observed in Bidar at Guru Nanak Zhera, Narasimha Zheera at Papansham Shiva Temple and few others. The topography drains into Manjra River, which flows towards the south of Bidar.

2 Soil 83. The red laterite soil and black cotton soil are the main soil types found in the area. The laterite rock is the commonly available cheap building material in the area. The black cotton soil is found in patches and is utilized for mainly agricultural purpose. The physiochemical properties of Bidar soil is drawn in following table:

ASPECTS CONSIDERED FOR ASSESSMENT OF BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

Project Influence Zone

Topography Geology Soil Climate Land Utilisation Forest & Biodiversity Water Heritage Site Surface Water Quality Ground Water Quality Ambient Air

Site Specific

• Landform • Soil • Land Utilization • Vegetation • Resources

30

Table 17: Soil Condition of Bidar City

Sl No. Parameter

Component of Red Soil

Condition of Soil in Bidar City

1. Organic matter 3-4 0.15 2. pH 5-6.8 6.1 3. Moisture ( %)

31

Existing Land Use Land Use Area (hectares) % to Build up area % to Total Area

Transportation & Communication

286.77 21.69 15.32

Public Utilities 2.56 0.19 0.10 Public & Semi- Public 163.36 12.36 8.72

Parks Play Grounds Open Spaces

104.27 7.89 5.68

Total 1322.29 100.00 -------- Other than Build Up Area

Unclassified 451.84 24.12 Agriculture 42.45 2.25

Water Sheet -------- --------- Fort Area 56.00 2.98

Total 1872.58 100 Source: CDP, Bidar,

88. The total area under Bidar CMC’s jurisdictions is 4302 hectares for 2001 but in 1997 it was 1322 ha build up area. Out of total residential area accounts 486.41 ha which constitutes 36.79 percent of total build up area. The other important uses are transport and communication covers 21.69 percent. Public and semi public use covers 12.36 percent. Parks and playgrounds and open space covered 7.89 percent. Industrial use occupies only 7.77 percent to total build up area. It is found that an area of 130.56 ha i.e. 9.87 percent land is lying vacant. 5 Water Quality A. Surface Water 89. The first organized water supply to Bidar city was from Chidri, Chitta and Papanesh open wells. The yield of these sources started going down and was insufficient to meet the requirements of the city. Hence, a comprehensive water supply scheme with source as Manjra river (a tributary of Godavari River) was implemented and commissioned in year 1974. This scheme was designed to supply 4.55 MLD water to 50,000 population of the city. The subsequent augmentation of this scheme has been recently undertaken and completed in year 2002. This is a prime source of water distribution in a city. The source is Manjra River, with intake works located near village Janwada. But the river stretch at this point is not perennial. Flow of water is not good. As a result, the homeostatic mechanism of water itself becomes poor along with the course of stretch. Industrial effluent are also added some extent to make it deterioration of quality. Presently, no STP has been in operation in city to make environmentally good to river course. Subsequently the result is poor. 90. As per CPCB Norm the standard of water quality of surface water is as follows:

Table 19: CPCB Standard for Water Quality of Surface Water Standard for Water Quality of Surface Water Class Beneficial Use A Drinking without conventional use B Bathing C Drinking after conventional use D Propagation of Wild Life and fisheries E Irrigation, cooling & controlled waste Disposal

32

Details of parameter of each Class: Class Parameter Criteria A D.O >6 mg/lt B.O.D

33

92. The above stated table data shows the water quality of Karanja Reservoirs. All tested parameter are within prescribed limit. pH value is normal. Total hardness is within desirable limit. Nitrate, Phosphate and Chlorides are all within limit. DO level is just meet the desirable limit. So there is needed to make treated water for potable use.

B. Lake Water Quality:

93. Inland lake is another important environmental feature in Deccan Trap area. Natural lake has huge catchments area and in earlier period it was another source of drinking water. But presently, this inland water accumulated drainage water from adjacent area. It becomes waste water disposal point. Eutrophication is common feature now. According to KSPCB data analysis of Papanesh Kare water pH value is within a range i.e 6.85 but turbidity crosses the permissible limit and reaches upto 9 NTU value. Fluoride and Chloride both the content is more than permissible limit. Dissolve solid is also found more over here. Total hardness is merely more than the limit 300 mg/l. Subsequently calcium and magnesium content are also high. Although inherent water quality is good but accumulation of waste water makes it polluted.

C. Ground Water: 94. Ground water is drawn through open wells and bore wells fitted with hand pumps. To assess the water quality of city and people access of quality of environment is being assessed by examining the water quality of these open wells and bore wells. At present water level of city is 18 mt to 20 mt bgl. Even, the ground water table is depleting day by day. Basis of secondary data of KSPCB, there are four open wells are regularly monitored in different time. Recent data has been tabulated as under for assessing the status of GW quality of city:

Table 21: Ground Water Quality, Bidar

Sl No.

Para

met

ers

Unit

Drin

king

Wat

er

Stan

dard

IS

1050

0

Location 1: Bidar Pipes within ULB

Location 2: Limelight

within ULB* Location 3: within ULB

Location 4: Sastwik Drugs

within ULB

Post

m

onso

on

Pre

mon

soon

Post

m

onso

on

Pre

mon

soon

Post

m

onso

on

Pre

mon

soon

Post

m

onso

on

Pre

mon

soon

8. pH 6.5-8.5 6.25 5.47 5.25 3.70 6.06 6.58 6.90 6.30 9. Turbidity N.T.U 5 15 10 03 05 06 10 60 30

10. Colour Hazen

Unit 10 150 - 275 - 10 - 50

11. Fluorite mg/l 0.6-1.2 0.304 - 0.285 - 0.387 - 0.339 - 12. Total iron mg/l 0.3 2.74 1.148 1.2 0.952 0.826 0.784 0.336 1.176

13. Alkalinity as CaCo3

mg/l 200 108 100 40 NIL 40 72 180 160

14. Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 150 400 500 1500 2000 150 120 50 210

15. Chloride mg/l 250 4120 4540 1100 1000 460 590 2050 1700 Total

Hardness mg/l 300 2830 3200 1180 1040 800 270 2000 1420

16. Calcium as Ca mg/l 75 800 800 320 264 160 72 39.85 320

17. Magnesi mg/l 30 201.6 291 92.34 92.34 97.4 48 1.45 150

34

Sl No.

Para

met

ers

Unit

Drin

king

Wat

er

Stan

dard

IS

1050

0

Location 1: Bidar Pipes within ULB

Location 2: Limelight

within ULB* Location 3: within ULB

Location 4: Sastwik Drugs

within ULB

Post

m

onso

on

Pre

mon

soon

Post

m

onso

on

Pre

mon

soon

Post

m

onso

on

Pre

mon

soon

Post

m

onso

on

Pre

mon

soon

um as Mg

9

18. BOD mg/l 5 82.5 63 12.6 24 7.2 42 72 52 19. COD mg/l 3 1003 693 271 180 144 204 789 544.4

20. Residual free Chlorine

mg/l NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL

Source: KSPB, Bidar * area is limelight are and result of water is acidic in nature Criticality 95. The overall assessment of aquifer water of this town is poor. Maximum water is saline but only at one spot i.e. at limelight area pH value is too low at 3.70, water is not potable in terms of salinity context. The soil is red latterite soil and porosity of soil is very high extent. As a result the siltation process is also very high. The after effect of water is found more TDS. More or less all monitoring point has found that the TDS value is more than the permissible limit. But maximum turbidity is found Swastik Drugs point. The colour of water indicates basically the cleanliness of water and it is the basic parameter to identify the potability of water for drinking purpose. At Station 2 this value is more than 20 times than desirable limit. After monsoon season the value gets deteriorated. It could have been also possible due to the iron content of water at this point is also high. Subsequently the nitrate value is observed and showing more than permissible limit. The sulphate, chloride content are more or less in higher range of all station except the third location. The presence of chloride of any area is just because of pollution generation by sewage. Total