initial environmental examination · 2017-12-20 · initial environmental examination (iee) of...

Initial Environmental Examination

Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project June 2017

NEP: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project

Prepared by District Coordination Committee (Gorkha)- Central Level Project Implementation Unit – Ministry of Federals Affairs and Local Development for the Asian Development Bank.

This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Environmental Assessment Document

The views expressed herein are those of the consultant and do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s members, Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek

Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project

June 2017

NEP: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project Loan: 3260 Project Number: 49215-001

Prepared by the Government of Nepal for the Asian Development Bank (ADB).

This Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

The views expressed herein are those of the consultant and do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s members, Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

of

Luitel – Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung -Bhachek

Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-Project,

Gorkha

Submitted to

Government of Nepal

National Reconstruction Authority

Singhadurbar, Kathmandu

Submitted through

Central Level Project Implementation Unit (CL-PIU), Lalitpur

Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project (EEAP)

Submitted by:

District Coordination Committee, Gorkha


June, 2017

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha i

Table of Contents

1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Name and Address of the Proponent .......................................................................... 1 1.2 Background ................................................................................................................ 1 1.3 Restructuring at Local Level ....................................................................................... 2 1.4 Rationale of the IEE.................................................................................................... 3 1.5 Objectives of the IEE Study ........................................................................................ 4 1.6 Methodology Adopted ................................................................................................. 4

1.6.1 Project Area Delineation .................................................................................. 5

1.6.2 Desk study and Literature review: .................................................................... 5

1.6.3 Field Investigation: ........................................................................................... 6

1.6.4 Database Preparation, Analysis, Prediction and Assessment of Impact ........... 8

1.6.5 Impact Identification, Prediction and Assessment/Evaluation Method .............. 9

1.6.6 Study Team: .................................................................................................... 9

1.7 Limitations of the IEE study: ..................................................................................... 10 2 Nepal’s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements for the Project ...................... 11 3 Description of Project ................................................................................................... 15

3.1 Relevancy of the Sub-project .................................................................................... 15 3.2 Description and Location .......................................................................................... 15 3.3 Salient Features of the Sub-project .......................................................................... 19 3.4 Components and Activities of the Sub-project .......................................................... 20 3.5 Construction Approach ............................................................................................. 20 3.6 Implementation Schedule ......................................................................................... 20

4 Description of the Existing Environment ....................................................................... 21 4.1 Physical Environment ............................................................................................... 21

4.1.1 Topography and Geomorphology................................................................... 21

Geology and Soil type ................................................................................................ 21

4.1.2 Land Use ....................................................................................................... 23

4.1.3 Climate and Hydrology ................................................................................... 25

4.1.4 Landslide and Erosion Prone Area ................................................................. 25

4.1.5 Air, Noise and Water Quality .......................................................................... 26

4.2 Biological Environment ............................................................................................. 26 4.2.1 Vegetation and Forest .................................................................................... 26

4.2.2 Protected Flora and Fauna ............................................................................ 29

4.3 Socio-economic and Cultural Environment ............................................................... 29 4.3.1 Population Distribution, Caste/Ethnicity and Occupation ................................ 31

4.3.2 Detail of Population Status of ZoI ................................................................... 32

4.3.3 Socio-economic Profile of the Project Affected Households: .......................... 35

4.3.4 Status due to Earthquake:.............................................................................. 36

5 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Benefit Augmentation/Mitigation Measures .... 38 5.1 Mitigation Measures during Pre-construction Phase ................................................. 38

5.1.1 Detailed Survey and Design ........................................................................... 38

5.2 Beneficial Impacts and Benefit Augmentation Measures .......................................... 38 5.2.1 Construction Phase........................................................................................ 38

5.2.2 Operation Phase ............................................................................................ 40

5.3 Adverse Impacts and Mitigation Measures ............................................................... 40 5.3.1 Construction Phase........................................................................................ 40

5.3.2 Operation Phase ............................................................................................ 48

5.4 Climate Change Impacts .......................................................................................... 50 5.5 Cumulative Impact .................................................................................................... 51

6 Analysis of Alternatives ................................................................................................ 54

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha ii

6.1 No Action Alternative ................................................................................................ 54 6.2 Proposal Alternatives ................................................................................................ 54 6.3 Alternative Alignment ................................................................................................ 54 6.4 Alternative Design and Construction Approach ......................................................... 54 6.5 Alternative Schedule and Process ............................................................................ 54 6.6 Alternative Resources .............................................................................................. 54

7 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure ........................................................... 55 7.1 Public Consultation ................................................................................................... 55 7.2 Information disclosure .............................................................................................. 59 7.3 Consultation with Stakeholder to Implement EMP .................................................... 59

8 Grievance Redress Mechanism ................................................................................... 60 9 Environmental Management Plan ................................................................................ 63

9.1 Institutions and Their Roles ...................................................................................... 63 9.2 Implementation of Benefit Augmentation and Mitigation Measures ........................... 66 9.3 Mitigation Cost for Executing the Environmental Management Plan ......................... 77

9.3.1 Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Activities ........................................ 77

9.4 Matters to be Monitored while Implementing the Proposal ........................................ 78 9.4.1 Baseline Monitoring ....................................................................................... 78

9.4.2 Compliance Monitoring .................................................................................. 79

9.4.3 Impact Monitoring .......................................................................................... 79

9.4.4 Project Performance Monitoring ..................................................................... 79

9.4.5 Safeguards Monitoring ................................................................................... 80

9.5 Monitoring Parameters ............................................................................................. 80 9.5.1 Pre-Construction Phase ................................................................................. 80

9.5.2 Construction Phase........................................................................................ 80

9.5.3 Operation Phase ............................................................................................ 81

9.6 Monitoring Indicators ................................................................................................ 81 9.7 Major Costs for Environmental Safeguard Measures ................................................ 88

10 Conclusion and Recommendation ............................................................................... 89 References ......................................................................................................................... 90

List of Figures

Figure 1: Map showing Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project in Gorkha District ....................................... 16 Figure 2: Map showing Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road . 17 Figure 3: Ecological Map of Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road Sub-project ......................................................................................................................... 18 Figure 4: Geological Map of the Road and surrounding area .............................................. 22 Figure 5: Percentage of HHs with Occupation .................................................................... 32 Figure 6: Land Holding Pattern of Settlements along the Road Corridor ............................. 34 Figure 7: Number of Households Belonging to Different Food Security Category ............... 34 Figure 8: Earthquake Affected District ................................................................................. 36 Figure 9: Housing Damage due to Earthquake ................................................................... 37 Figure 10: Source of Drinking Water Damage due to Earthquake ....................................... 37 Figure 11: Flow Diagram for Grievance Redress Mechanism ............................................. 61 Figure 12: Environmental Management Organisation Structure .......................................... 66

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha iii

List of Tables

Table 1: Restructuring of Affected VDCs/Municipality of Gorkha District ............................... 3 Table 2: Categories of several project-affected areas ........................................................... 5 Table 3: Review of Environmental Acts, Regulations and Guidelines .................................. 11 Table 4: Salient feature of the sub-project ........................................................................... 19 Table 5: Sub-project Implementation Schedule ................................................................... 20 Table 6: Summary of the Surface Geology along the Road ................................................ 21 Table 7: Slope Grade and Geological Condition for Cutting Slope / Filling .......................... 21 Table 8: Soil Type along the Road ...................................................................................... 22 Table 9: Land Use Type along the road .............................................................................. 23 Table 10: Forest along Road............................................................................................... 27 Table 11: List of protected flora and fauna found along the project area ............................. 29 Table 12: Population and Ethnicity in Indirectly Impact Area ............................................... 30 Table 13: Other facilities along the then Municipality and VDCs ......................................... 30 Table 14: Distribution of Population with Household along the ZoI ...................................... 31 Table 15: Religious, Cultural and Historical Sites ................................................................ 35 Table 16: Summary of Affected Households by the Sub-project ......................................... 35 Table 17: Types of climate change impacts, possible consequences for transport and insight from climate change scenarios on regions affected and associated level of confidence. .... 50 Table 18: Summary of Meeting Minutes .............................................................................. 55 Table 19: Institutions and their roles ................................................................................... 63 Table 20: Likely Beneficial Impacts and Enhancement Measures ....................................... 67 Table 21 : Likely Adverse Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures ............................... 69 Table 22: Environemntal Monitoring Cost ........................................................................... 78 Table 23: Monitoring Indicators Selected for this IEE .......................................................... 81 Table 24: Compliance Monitoring for Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Sub-project ................................................................................................. 83 Table 25: Impact/Effect Monitoring of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Sub-project ................................................................................................. 85 Table 26: Estimate for Environmental Enhancement and Mitigation Measures ................... 88

List of Appendices

Appendix I: Approved ToR for IEE Study ............................................................................ 93 Appendix II: Climate Change Checklist ............................................................................. 105 Appendix III: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist ...................................... 107 Appendix IV: Environmental Checklist .............................................................................. 111 Appendix V: Project Cost .................................................................................................. 120 Appendix VI: Public Notice ................................................................................................ 124 Appendix VII: Deed of Enquiry (Muchulka) ........................................................................ 127 Appendix VIII: Recommendation Letters ........................................................................... 136 Appendix IX: Meeting Minutes with Local People .............................................................. 142 Appendix X: Socio-economic Data of Sub-project Area .................................................... 157 Appendix XI: Name of Organization Contacted ................................................................. 164 Appendix XII: List of Persons Contacted ........................................................................... 165 Appendix XIII: Trees to be cut down ................................................................................. 166 Appendix XIV: Detail Information of Affected Structures ................................................... 194 Appendix XV: Photographs ............................................................................................... 221

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha iv

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank

AP Affected Person

CBO Community Based Organization

CDC Compensation Determination Committee

CDO Chief District Officer

CF Community Forest

CFUG Community Forest Users Group

Ch Chainage

CISC Central Implementation Support Consultants

CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species

CLPIU Central Level Project Implementation Unit

CR Critically Endangered

DADO District Agriculture Development Office

DDC District Development Committee

DCC District Coordination Committee

DFO District Forest Office/Officer

DIMU District Implementation Management Unit

DoLIDAR Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads

DOR Department of Road

DLPIU District Level Project Implementation Unit

DPR Detail Project Report

DRCN District Road Core Network

DSC Design and Supervision Consultant

DTO District Technical Office

EA Executing Agency

EARF Environment Assessment Review Framework

EEAP Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project

EFLG Environment Friendly Local Government Framework

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EMG Environmental Management Guidelines

EMP Environmental Management Plan

EMS Environment Management Section

EN Endangered

EPA Environment Protection Act

EPR Environment Protection Rules

FGD Focus Group Discussion

GESI Gender Equality and Social Inclusion

GHG Green House Gases

GO/NGO Governmental Organization/ Non-Governmental Organization

GoN Government of Nepal

GRC Grievance Redress Committee

GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism

Ha Hectare

Hh Household

IEE Initial Environmental Examination

ILO International Labour Organization

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha v

IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature

LC Least Concern

LAC Local Area Committee

LDO Local Development Officer

LR/nt Lower Risk/Near Threatened

MoFALD Ministry of Federal Affairs & Local Development

MoFSC Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation

MoPE Ministry of Population and Environment

NAPA National Adaptation Program of Action

NCB National Competitive Bidding

NT Nearly Threatened

NRs Nepali Rupees

NTFPs Non Timber Forest Products

PIU Project Implementation Unit

PMC Project Management Consultant

PMU Project Management Unit

RoW Right of Way

RP Resettlement Plan

SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation

SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment

TMO Transport Management Office

ToR Terms of Reference

UN United Nation

VDC Village Development Committee

ZoI Zone of Influence

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha vi

Executive Summary (Nepali)

;8s pk–cfof]hgfsf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z1 k|:tfjs of] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg uf]/vf lhNnfsf] kfn'ª6f/ gu/kflnsfsf] n'O{6]n ufpF b]lv clh/sf]6 ufFpkflnsf -tTsflng x+;k'/ uf=lj=;_ sf] eR5]s hf]8\g] #)=%&% ls=dL= nfdf] x/]s df};ddf

rNg] ;8s k'glg{df{0f tyf k'g{:yfkgf ug{ tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] . . PlzofnL ljsf; a}+s/:jL; ljsf; ;xof]u

lgof]u / g]kfn ;/sf/sf] nufgL cGt{ut e"sDk cfktsfnLg ;xfotf cfof]hgf (EEAP) cGt/u{t lhNnfdf sfof{Gjog lgsfosf] lhDd]jf/L lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, uf]/vf -tTsflng lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt uf]/vf _ ePsf]n] n''O6]n–cFfkkLkn–xdL{e~Hofª–yfnfh'ª–eRr5]s ;8s pk–cfof]hgfsf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0fsf] k|:tfjs klg lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt uf]/vf xf] .

k[i7e"dL e"sDk cfktsfnLg ;xfotf cfof]hgf (EEAP) PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] ;x'lnotk"0f{ C0f ;xof]u,:jL; ljsf; ;xof]u lgof]usf] k|fljlws ;xof]u tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] nufgLdf z'? ePsf] cfof]hgf xf] . o; cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zo @)&@ a}zfv !@ ut]sf] e"sDk / @)&@ a}zfv @( ut]sf] d''Vo k/fsDkg kl5 e"sDkLo If]qdf k'glgdf{0f tyf k'g{:yfkgf sfo{df ;xof]u ug{' xf] . o; cfof]hgfn] ljBfno, ;8s, ;/sf/L ejg k"glg{df0f ul/ ;Defljt k|sf]kaf6 ;dfg's"ng ug{' /x]sf] 5 .

k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0fsf] cf}lrTo e'sDkaf6 k|efljt ;+/rgfsf] k'glg{df0f{ ;DaGwL] P]g, @)&@, e'sDkaf6 k|efljt ;+/rgfsf] k'glg{df0f ;DaGwL lgodfjnL, @)&@ tyf e'sDkaf6 k|efljt ;+/rgfsf] k'glg{df{0fsf] nflu jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"Nofªsg ;DaGwL] sfo{ljlw @)&@ -klxnf] ;+;f]wg @)&#_ tyf PlzofnL ljsfz a}+s ;'/If0f gLlt syg -;]kmuf8{ kf]nL;L :6]6d]G6_, @))(, cg';f/ lhNnf ;8ssf] lgdf{0f÷k'glgdf{0f÷k'g{:yfkgf ug{ k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f cfjZos /x]sf] 5 . of] n''O6]n–cFfkkLkn–xdL{e~Hofª–yfnfh'ª–eRr5]s ;8s pk–cfof]hgf uf]/vfsf] cWoog k|ltj]bg ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yflgo ljsf; dGqfno -;rLj :t/_ sf] @)&@÷!@÷!@ sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ :jLs[t sfo{;"rL (ToR) sf] cfwf/df tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] / sfo{;"rLdf o:sf] nDafO{ #( ls= dL= /x]sf] 5 h 'g k|f/lDes ;j]{If0fsf] cfwf/df tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . t/ #)=%&% ls=dL= nfdf] ;8ssf] dfq lj:t[t ;j]{If0fdf ul/Psf] 5 To;sf/0f #)=%&% ls=dL= nfdf] ;8ssf] dfq k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg agfOPsf] 5 . e'sDkaf6 k|efljt ;+/rgfsf] k'glg{df{0f ;DaGwL] P]g, @)&@ nfu' eP kZrft o; k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f (IEE) sf] k|ltj]bg /fli6«o k'glg{df{0f k|flws/0fdf k]z ul/Psf] 5 .

k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0fsf] p2]Zo k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg cWoogsf] d'Vo p2]Zo pkcfof]hgf If]qsf] ef}lts, h}ljs, ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf ;f+:s[lts jftfj/0fdf kg]{ k|efjx? kQf nufpg'sf ;fy} :ynut jftfj/0fdf kg]{ gsf/fTds k|efjsf] Go"lgs/0fsf pkfox? / ;sf/fTds k|efj a9fpg] pkfox? af/] ;'emfj lbg' tyf jftfj/0fLo Aoa:yfkg of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog u/fpg' /x]sf] 5 .

cWoog k|s[of

1This is Executive Summary of the IEE report in Nepali language and an English version is given in page xi.

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha vii

@)&@ ;fn r}q @* b]vL @)&# a}zfv % ut] ;Dd ul/Psf] :ynut e|d0f tyf ;j]{If0fjf6 lnOPsf tYofÍ tyf cGo pknAw tYofÍx?sf] ;fy} ;fdflhs tyf k|fljlws 6f]nLjf6 k'gjf{; sfo{sf] ;e]{If0fsf] nflu ;+sng u/]sf tYofÍx? s]nfP/ k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L lgisif{ tyf ;'emfjx? lbOPsf 5g\ .

k|:tfjsf] ;fGb{lestf o; k|:tfljt ;8s e"sDk cfktsfnLg ;xfotf cfof]hgf (EEAP) n] lgdf{0f u/]sf] xf] . o; ;8ssf] k'glgdf{0f tyf k'g{:yfkgfaf6 uf]/vf lhNnfsf] pQ/Lk"j{ efusf dflg;x?sf] lhNnf ;b/d'sfd tyf b]zsf cGo efu;Fu ef}lts tyf cfly{s kx'Frdf ;xh x'g hfg]5 .

cfof]hgfsf] ljj/0f / ljBdfg jftfj/0fLo l:ylt k|:tfljt n''O6]n — cFfkkLkn — xdL{e~Hofª — yfnfh'ª — eRr5]s ;8s ;a} df};ddf rNg] ;8ssf] ?kdf :t/f]Ggltsf] nflu k|:tfljt ul/Psf] 5 . ;8ssf] rf}8fO{ ^=@% ld= / hDdf nDafO{ #)=%&% ls=dL= Pj+ ;8s pk–cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfut g]=? &&$,)#),)!@=!! /x]sf] 5 h;df OlGhlgol/ª nfut g]=? &)!,!$&,$^^=#) /x]sf] 5 .

of] ;8s ;d'b|L ;txb]lv $#( dL= sf] prfO{ -n'O6]n_ af6 z'? eP/ ;d'b|L ;txb]lv !,^^! dL= prfOdf /x]sf] eRr5]sdf 6+'luG5 . k|:tfljt ;8s pi0f hnjfo' ePsf] If]qdf /x]sf] 5 / o; If]qsf] clwstd

tfkqmd udL{ dlxgfdf #%º ;] / Go"gtd tfkqmd hf8f] dlxgfdf #º ;]N;Lo; /x]sf] 5 eg] cf};t jflif{s

jiff{ !,^)) ld=ld= /x]sf] 5 -lh=;=; uf]/vf_ .

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of] ;8s v08 e"ue{sf] cfwf/df klZrdL] g]kfnsf] pRr lxdfnL If]qdf kb{5 . uL|gL;, u]|u|L6n kmfOnfO6\;, Ppu]ggL; cflb r§fgx? kfOG5g / /]l;l8of]n k|sf/sf df6f]x? kfO{G5g\ . o; ;8s v08 /fgLdf6f kmd{];g, dWo a]l;s /s, pNn]/L kmd]{;g / 3gkf]v/L kmd]{;gdf k5{ . ;8s v08df kfgLsf d'Vo >f]tx?df x'8L vf]nf -r]= !@±&#%, !# ±)!), !# ±&@), !$±@@), !$±&%)_ /x]sf] 5 . k|:tfljs ;8s If]qsf] jfo' tyf kfgLsf] :t/ ;kmf g} /x]sf] b]lvG5 ;fy} Wjlg k|b'if0fsf] ;d:of Go"g 5 .

o; ;8ssf] j/Lk/L ;fn, lrnfpg], s6';, plQ;, ;Nnf, l6d'/, cdf/f], t]hkTtf cflb k|hfltsf af]6–la?jf kfO{G5g\ . o; If]qdf kfO{g] d'Vo jGohGt'x?df b 'D;L, af‘Fb/, d[u, :ofn, dn;fk|f], nf]vs]{, agla/fnf] cflb kb{5g . 9's'/, sflnh cflb k+IfLx? klg oxfF kfO{G5 . o; ;8sn] s'g} klg ;+/lIft If]q, dWojtL{ If]q nfO{ 5F'b}g t/ of] cfof]hgf ;fd'bflos jg / /fli6«o jg eP/ hfG5 .

o; ;8s v08df kg]{ kfn'ª6f/ gu/kflnsf, tTsflng x+;k'/ uf=lj=; -xfn clh/sf]6 ufFpkflnsf_ tyf tTsflng yfnfh'ª, xdL{, 5f]k|fs / hf}af/L uf=lj=; -xfn l;/fGrf]s ufFpkflnsf_ sf #,*!) dflg;x? -&#$ 3/–w'/L a;f]af; ub{5g h;df !% j:tLx? kb{5 . oL j:tLx?df eR5]s ahf/, an]v', wf/fkfgL, lr;fkfgL, lrKn]6L, lrnfpg], yfnfh'ª, tNnf]kfd, lrQkf]v/L, efn'df/], y'DsL ufpF, yfg]Zj/f, xdL{ e~Hofª, cfkkLkn, a88fF8f kb{5g\ . o; ;8sdf kg]{ j:tLx?df a|fDx0f, If]qL, tfdfË, blnt cflb hftLsf] a;f]jf; /x]sf] 5 .

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha viii

v]tLkftL tyf kz'kfng o; If]qsf] d'Vo k]zf /x]sf] 5 . oxfFsf dflg;x?sf] cGo k]zfdf Hofnf dh'b/L, gf]s/L tyf Aofkf/–Aoj;fo, 3/]n' pBf]u /x]sf 5g\ . ;sf/fTds k|efj oftfoftsf] ;'ljwfn] :yflgo afl;Gbfx?sf] hLjgdf y'k}| ;sf/fTds k|efj kb{5g\ . ;8ssf] lgdf{0f ubf{ :yfgLo jfl;Gbfx?n] -bIf ##,$$@ / cbIf !@),@%^ >dLs lbg_ sf] ?kdf /f]huf/L k|fKt ug]{ 5g\ o; r/0fdf x'g] cGo nfex/mdf Jofkf/sf] a[l4, pkcfof]hgfn] k|bfg u/]sf] zLkd'ns tyf hgr]tgfd'ns tflnd tyf ;8s lgdf{0f sfo{df ;xefuL eO{ :yfgLo hgtfsf] ;Lk a[l4 x'g] cj;/ kb{5g\ .

;8ssf] ;+rfngsf] cj:yfdf To; If]qdf vfBfgsf] cfk"lt{df ;'wf/ eO{ cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs :yfoLTj a9\g hfg]5 . ;fy} ;8s oftfoftn] ubf{ u|fdL0f e]ujf6 ahf/ If]q / ahf/ If]qjf6 u|fdL0f e]udf ;]jf tyf ;fdfgx?sf] cf];f/ k;f/ l56f], 5l/tf], ;'ne tyf ;:tf] x'g hfg]5 . eR5]s ahf/, lrQkf]v/L, xdL{ e~Hofª h:tf If]qdf ahf/ ljsf; eO{ oxfFsf afl;Gbfx?sf] hLjg :t/df ;'wf/ x'g hfg] ;Defjgf 5 . o;sf ;fy} ahf/ If]qsf] ljsf;n] ubf{ hUufsf] d"Nodf ;d]t j[l4 x'g hfg]5 .

gsf/fTds k|efj ;8s lgdf{0f ubf{ ef}lts jftfj/0fdf kg]{ gsf/fTds k|efjx?df e":jfdLTjsf] k|of]udf jbnfj, le/fnf] hUufdf klx/f] hfg], jfo' tyf kfgLdf k|b"if0f, vg]sf] df6f] hyfefjL kmflnbf kg]{ k|efjx? d'Vo 5g\ . o;} k|sf/ h}ljs k|efj cGt/u{t jg gf]S;fgL x'g'sf] ;fy} jGohGt'sf] a;f]jf;df cK7\of/f] kg{ hfg]5 . o;sf ;fy} ;fd'bflos jgaf6 %*#, /fli6«o jgaf6 !$@ / lghL hUufaf6 %!( u/L hDdf !,@$$ ?v x6fOg]5g\ .

cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k|efj cGt/u{t ;8s lgdf{0f ubf{ @=&)& x] v]tL ul/g] hdLg ;8s lgdf{0f x'Fbf k|lts'n c;/ kg{ hfg]5 . k|:tfljt ;8ssf] dWo laGb'af6 % ld= bfofF / afofF{ lghL ;+/rgf cGtu{t 3/ tyf kfln r]g]h !)±^*), @$ j6f 3/ r]g]h @±^#), @±&^), @±&^*, @±&&$, @±&*%, @±*#), @±*&), @±*(), !)±&)), !)±&(), !)±*!), !)±*!), !)±*!^, !)±*!^, !)±*@!, !)±*@%, !)±*#), !)±*#!, !)±(@), !$±)%), !$±!(), !%±%(%, !(±#%), @*±%(), ^ j6f uf]7 r]g]h )±)@), )±)$), @±$(), @±^!), @±*$), @)±$() ! j6f rkL{ r]g]h @±#%) / $% 6x/f r]g]h @±#(), @±%)), @±^)), !)±^@%, !)±^%), !)±&$), !)±&$%, !)±&^), !!±@*), !#±^(), !#±&!), !#±&!%, !#±&!*, !$±@*), !$±@*), !$±#^),!%±@^), !%±@^), !%±@^%, !%±#)), !%±#@), !%±%!), !%±%(), !%±%(*, !%±&&), !% ±&*), !(±#@), !(±#^), !(±%&), !(±%*), !(±^@%, !(±^#), !(±^$), !(±^*), @)±%)%, @*±#$), @*±%^), @*±%&), @*±%*), @*±^@), @*±^#), @*±^$%, #)±#*%, #)±$)), #)±$@) ;lxt && j6f ;+/rgf x6fpg' kg]{ x'G5 . To:t} ;fd'bflos ;+/rgf cGtu{t !@ j6f kmnfdsf] ljBl'to kf]n r]g]h )±)$), )±)(), )±!@), )±^%), )±&)), )±&%), @±&$)—@±(%), %±!#), *±!^), !) ±)(^, !) ±^*), !(±^*), !(±^^), @)±%)) rf}tf/f r]g]h !±#%), !±#(), @±*#), @±(%), #±!*), #±()*, $±#$), !*±()), @)±$)), @)±&$), @)±$(), ;fd'bflos ejg r]g]h !)±^)), @ j6f kfgLsf] wf/f r]g]h !(±#@), #)±$!%, kfgLsf] 6\ofªsL r]g]h !*±%$), :s"n rkL{ r]g]h !(±@*) x6fpg' kg]{ x'G5 .

;8s ;~rfngsf] r/0fdf ;jf/L ;fwgsf] cfjudgaf6, jiff{ofdsf] kfgLaf6 tyf :yfgLo eL/kx/fx/mdf ?v lj/mjf sf6\bf cl:y/tf a9\g uO{ klx/f] hfg ;Sg]5 . ;8s lsgf/fsf gfnL af6 ju]sf] clgolGqt kfgLn] ;8s d'lgsf v]tjf/Ldf e'Ifo x'g ;S5 . ;jf/L ;fwgsf] a[l4n] w'nf] tyf WjgL k|b'if0f a9\g]5 . To;}u/L ;8ssf] ;'wf/ ;+u} jg If]q;Dd ePsf] kx'Frn] ubf{ jg ;Dkbf tyf jGo hGt'df rfk a9\g uO{ jg ;Dkbfsf] gf]S;fgL / hLjhGt'nfO{ c;/ kg{ ;Sg]5 .

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha ix

;sf/fTds k|efj a9fpg] pkfo 7]s]bf/ / sfdbf/sf nflu ljleGg jftfj/0fLo tyf hgr]tgf d"ns tflndx? -cfocfh{g, OlGhlgol/u+ ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f tyf h}ljs k|ljlwsf sfd ;DaGwL_ lbO{g] 5g\ . ;8s lgdf{0fsf j|mddf sDtLdf @)% dlxnf ;xeflutf u/fpg k|f]T;fxg ul/G5 .

gsf/fTds k|efj Go"lgs/0fsf pkfo le/fnf] hldgnfO{ Aoa:yfkg ug{ jfof]OlGhgLol/Ë -h}ljs_ k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ul/g] 5 To;}u/L % j6f tf]lsPsf] :yfgdf #±%)), !%±#)), @#±@%), @^±#)), @*±%)) df6f] kmfNg] sfd ul/g] 5 . 6]jf kvf{n nufO{ df6f] pTvgg\ / kmfNg] sfo{nfO Aoa:yfkg ul/g] 5 . ;8sdf k/]sf] hUuf tyf cGo ;+/rgf, ;Dkltsf] k|fKtL tyf Ifltk"lt{ ;DjlGw s'/fx?nfO{ ;d]6\g 5'§} k'g{jf; of]hgf agfO{Psf] 5 . pkcfof]hgfn] k|efljt 3/–w'/LnfO{ ;Lkd'ns tflnddf k|fyldstf lbg]5 . sfdbf/x?nfO{ sfdsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ ;'/Iffsf ;fwgx? -x]Nd]6, df:s, dkmN;_ lbO{g] 5 / sfdbf/sf] nflu vfg]kfgLsf] cfk"lt{ tyf c:yfO{ vfN6] rkL{x? agfOg] 5g\ . ;fy]} kfgLsf] >f]tdf vlgPsf] df6f] kmflng] 5}g . sfdbf/x?sf] nflu cf}ifwL tyf b'3{6gf aLdfsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .

;8s lgdf{0fsf] nfuL jg If]q k|of]hg ug{ lhNnf jg sfof{no -lh=j=sf=_ af6 l:js[tL lng' kg]{ 5 . o;} k|sf/, ;fd'bflos jgnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ :j?k !$,%&% lj?jf !M@% sf] cg'kftdf_ j[Iff/f]k0f u/fpg / % aif{ ;Dd ;+/If0f ug{ ;xof]u -;fd'bflos jgnfO{ cg'dflgt nfut g]?= @,#@*,@!!=(=)) ;fy} :yfgLo jfl;GbfnfO{ %!( lj?jf !M! sf] cg'kftdf cg'dflgt nfut g]? #$,#*#=&% / /fli6«o jgnfO{ lj?jf #,%%) -!M@% sf] cg'kftdf_ cg'dflgt nfut g]? %^&,)&&=)) j[Iff/f]k0f u/fpg ;xof]u lbOg]5 .

;fj{hlgs k/fdz{ tyf ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs ug]{ k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf] nflu !% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf lxdfno 6fOD; /fli6«o b}lgs klqsfdf lj=;+= @)&@÷!@÷!* df k|sflzt u/L ;DalGwt tTsflng gu/kflnsf, tTsflng uf=lj=;=, lh=j=sf=, tTsflng lh=lj=;=, ljBfno, :jf:y rf}sL, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf AolQm jf ;+:yfx?af6 /fo ;'´fa ;+sngsf] nfuL k|sfzLt u/l/Psf] lyof] . k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f agfpg] ;dodf ;8s lgdf{0f glhssf j:tLx?df, lzIfs tyf cGo :yfgLo JolStx?;Fu k|:tfjLt pkcfof]hgfaf6 kg{ hfg] ;sf/fTds tyf gsf/fTds c;/ jf/] hfgsf/L u/fpg ;fj{hlgs 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] .

o;}sf] cfwf/df k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;lxt g]kfnL sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z, ;sf/fTds k|efj a9fpg] pkfox? tyf gs/fTds k|efj Go'gLs/0f pkfox? / jftfj/0fLo Aoj:yfkg of]hgf ;dfj]z u/L /fo ;'´fjsf] nfuL ;fj{hlgs ul/of] . o;}u/L PlzofnL ljsf; a}+s / /fli6«o k'glgdf{0f k|flws/0faf6 cfPsf] /fo ;'´fj ;dfj]z u/L k|fl/Des jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg :jLs[tLsf] nflu k7fO{g]5 . l:js[t k|ltj]bg ;/f]sf/jfnf / cGo AolQm jf ;+:yfx?sf] kx'rsf] nflu uf]/vf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldtLsf] ;'rgf s]Gb|, PlzofnL ljsf; a}+s, /fli6«o k'glgdf{0f k|flws/0f tyf e"sDk cfktsfnLg ;xfotf cfof]hgf (EEAP) sf] j]e;fO6df /flvg]5 .

U'fgf;f] lgbfg ;+oGq (Grievance Redress Mechanism)

:yfgLo lgsfo tyf k|efljt AolStx?sf] ;DalGwt u'gf;f]x?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ rf/ txsf] U'fgf;f] lgbfg ;+oGqsf] Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . k|efljt AolStn] cfof]hgf;Fu ;DalGwt hgu'gf;f] p7fpg kfpg]5g\ / o:tf hgu'gf;f]sf] pkcfof]hgf :t/b]lv u'gf;f] lgbfg ;ldtL (Grievance Redress Committee) ;Dd ;'g'jfO{sf] Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha x

jftfj/0fLo Aoa:yfkg of]hgf (Environmental Management Plan)

o; k|ltj]bgdf jftfj/0fLo Aoa:yfkg of]hgf cGtu{t cfof]hgfaf6 kg]{ ;+efljt c;/x?, c;/x?sf] k|efj, Go"lgs/0f ljlw, cg'udg ljlw tyf sfo{tflnsf k|:tfljt ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} Go'lgs/0fsf pkfox?sf] tyf cg'udg sfo{sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ lhDd]jf/ lgsfox?sf] klg klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 . cg'udgsf nflu cfjZos ef}lts, h}ljs, ;fdflhs–cfly{s tyf ;fF:s[lts jftfj/0fsf ljleGGf cg'udg ;'rfÍx?sf] klg klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 . ;d:6Lut ?kdf cfof]hgf :t/sf] cg'udg /fli6«o k'glgdf{0f k|flws/0faf6 x'g]5 eg] pkcfof]hgf :t/sf] cg'udg k|To]s lhNnf :t/Lo sfo{Gjog zfvfdf /x]sf] jftfj/0fLo ;'/Iff sIf (Environmental Safeguard Desk) af6 x'g]5 . jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg of]hgf sfo{fGjog ug{ hDdf ? &,!@(,@&)=&) vr{ x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . h;dWo] ? #,%$(,%((=$% l;len jS;{sf] nfutdf ;dfj]z ul/;lsPsf] 5 .

lgisif{ tyf ;'emfjx? n''O6]n — cFfkkLkn — xdL{e~Hofª — yfnfh'ª — eRr5]s ;8s pk–cfof]hgfsf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bgn] ;sf/fTds k|efjx? gsf/fTds k|efjsf] t'ngfdf j9L dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] / nfdf] ;do;Dd /xg] / gsf/fTds k|efjx? Go"lgs/0f ug{ ;lsg] s'/f b]vfpF5 . of] ;8s pkcfof]hgfsf] :jLs[ltsf] nflu k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|of{Kt /x]sf] 5 . k|efjx?sf] Go"lgs/0f / ;+nUg jftfj/0fLo Aoa:yfkg of]hgf sfof{Gjog u/L k|:tfljt pkcfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ul/G5 .

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha xi

Executive Summary (English)

Proponent

This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report has been prepared for the rehabilitation

and re-construction of 30.575 km long all weather district road connecting Luitel gaun of

Palungtar Municipality and Bhachek of Ajirkot Rural Municipality (then Hansapur VDC) in

Gorkha district. The District Coordination Committee (DCC), Gorkha is the implementing

agency at the district level under Asian Development Bank (ADB)/Swiss Agency for

Development and Cooperation (SDC) and Government of Nepal (GoN) funded Earthquake

Emergency Assistance project (EEAP) and the proponent of the IEE study for the road sub-

project.

Background

EEAP is a project being implemented by convenient loan and grant assistance from ADB,

grant technical assistance from SDC, counterpart funding from GoN participating districts

and contributions from project beneficiaries. The goal of the project is to support

Government of Nepal to accelerate rehabilitation and reconstruction following the

devastating earthquake of 25 April 2015 and the major aftershock of 12 May 2015. The

project will support the rebuilding of schools, roads, and district-level government buildings,

and strengthen resilience to future disasters.

Rationale of the IEE

Preparation of IEE for district road is mandatory according to Act relating to Reconstruction

of the Earthquake affected structures 2015, Rule relating to Reconstruction of the

Earthquake affected structures 2016, Working procedure relating to Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA) for Reconstruction of the Earthquake affected structures 2016 and first

amendment (2016) as well as ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009. This IEE report of

Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road sub project Gorkha district

is prepared based on Terms of Reference (ToR) approved on 25/03/2016 A.D by the

Secretary level decision of the Ministry of Federal Affairs & Local Development (MoFALD).

Length of Road in approved ToR was 39 km on the basis of initial survey however the detail

design of 30.575 km length of road is only prepared. Therefore, IEE report has been

prepared for the length of 30.575 km length only. With the promulgation of Act relating to

Reconstruction of the Earthquake affected structures 2015, final IEE report has been

submitted to National Reconstruction Authority (NRA) for approval.

Objectives of the IEE study

The main objective of the IEE study is to identify the impacts of physical, biological, socio-

economic and cultural environment of the sub-project area and recommend practical and

site specific environmental mitigation and enhancement measures, prepare and implement

environmental management plan for the sub-project.

Study Methodology

The findings and conclusions of the initial environmental examination report are based on

the analysis of the information collected from the field from 10-17 April 2016 AD by

undertaking a walk-through environmental survey along the route and secondary information

supplemented by the social and technical teams working on the resettlement survey and

detail survey.

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha xii

Relevancy of the Proposal

The reconstruction and rehabilitation of this road will provide physical and economical

accesses to the people of north east part to district headquarter and other parts of the

country.

Description of the Project and its Environment

The Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road is a district road and

has been proposed for rehabilitation and reconstruction as all weather road. The road

formation width is 6.25 m and total length of this road is 30.575 km and total estimated

project cost is NRs. 774,030,012.11 of which NRs. 701,147,466.30 is civil work cost

The elevation of road ranges from 439 masl at Luitel gaun to 1,661 masl at Bhachek. This

sub-project lies in tropical region and the average maximum and minimum temperature is

350C and minimum of 30C respectively (Source: DCC Gorkha). The average annual rainfall

in the district is 1,600 mm. The road mainly passes through agricultural land, forest land and

settlement area. Total of 2.707 ha agricultural land, 0.715 ha forest area, 0.433 ha

settlement area and 0.408 ha barren land will be converted to the road built up area.

Geologically, the road lies in Higher Himalaya of Western Nepal and passes through

residual soil deposits. Greenish, Greygrittle phyllites, augnesis rocks are found along the

road. Majority of road passes through ranimatta formation followed by basic rocks, ulleri

formation and Ghanapokhari formation. The road passes through Hudi khola (at various Ch

12+735, 13+010, 13+720, 14+220 and 14+750). Ambient air and water quality in the

proposed project area is found to be good and there’s no noise pollution.

The dominant forest species reported along the forest of the road are Saal (Shorea robusta)

Chilaune (Schima wallichii), Katus (Castanopsis indica), Uttis (Alnus nepalensis), Salla

(Pinus roxburghii), Timur (Zanthoxylum alatum), Amaro (Spondias pinnata), Tejpatta

(Cinnamonum tamale) etc. Dumsi (Hystrix sps), Badar (Macaca mulatta), Deer (Muntiacus

muntjak), Shyal (Canis aulis), Malshapro (Martef flabigula), Banbiralo (Felis chaus),

Lokharke (Ratufa indica) are the wild animals reported in the forests of road corridor.

Similarly, birds are Kalij (Lophura leucomelanos), Dhukur (Streptopella senegalensis) etc.

The road does not fall under any protected or buffer zone area. However, the road passes

through community forest and national forest.

Along the road corridor, Palungtar Municipality and Ajirkot Rural Municipality (then Hansapur

VDC) as well as Siranchok Rural Municipality (then Jaubari, Harmi, Thalajung and Choprak

VDCs) 3,810 population resides with 734 households within 15 settlements. These

settlements are Bhachek Bazar, Balekhu, Dharapani, Chisapani, Chipleti, Chilaune,

Thalajung, Tallopam, Chittapokhari, Bhalumare, Thumki-gaun, Thaneswor, Harmi

Bhanjyang, Aappipal and Baddada. Brahmin, Chhetri, Newar, Gurung, Tamang and Dalit

live within the settlements of this road.

The main occupation of the people residing along the road is agriculture and livestock.

People are carrying out other economic activities like working as labour, business and

cottage industries.

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha xiii

Beneficial Impacts

The immediate beneficial impacts from road development are apparent in the construction

phase like there will be various employment opportunities for (skilled 33,442 and unskilled

120,256 person days). Other beneficial impacts include enhancement of local business,

development in skills of local people from skill developing training, awareness raising

training and involvement in the construction of the project.

During operation stage, an improved road access will bring an improvement of food security

situation and overall economic and social stability. The road will also provide cheap, safe

and fast transport of goods and services from rural areas to urban centers and vice versa.

There is a possibility of increased economic opportunities and significant growth and

extension of the local markets along the road like in Bhachhek bazaar, Chittapokhari,

Harmibhanjyang and nearby settlements. In addition, construction of road will lead to

appreciation of land values particularly near the market and settlement areas.

Adverse Impacts

The physical adverse impacts during construction of the road will be due to change in

landownership, slope instability and air, dust and water pollution and hapazard spoil

disposal. Similarly, biological impacts during construction will be loss of forest area and

disturbance to wildlife and bird habitat. Total 1,244 trees (583 from CF, 142 from NF and

519 from private land) will be cleared during road construction.

Socio-economic impacts during the construction works there will be loss of 2.707 ha

agricultural land. During upgrading the road 5 m in either side from the center point, House

and pali at chainage 10+680, 24 houses at the chainage 2+630, 2+760, 2+768, 2+774,

2+785, 2+830, 2+870, 2+890, 10+700, 10+790, 10+810, 10+810, 10+816, 10+816, 10+821,

10+825, 10+830, 10+831, 10+920, 14+050, 14+190, 15+350, 19+350, 28+590, 6 shed at

the chainage 0+020, 0+040, 2+490, 2+610, 2+840, 20+490, 1 toilet at the chainage 2+350,

45 tahara at the chainage 2+390, 2+500, 2+600, 10+625, 10+650, 10+740, 10+745,

10+760, 11+280, 13+690, 13+710, 13+715, 13+718, 14+280, 14+280, 14+360, , 15+260,

15+260, 15+265, 15+300, 15+300, 15+320, 15+510, 15+590, 15+598, 15+770, 15+780,

19+320, 19+360, 19+570, 19+580, 19+625, 19+640, 19+680, 20+505, 28+340, 28+560,

28+570, 28+580, 28+620, 28+630, 28+645, 30+385, 30+400, 30+420 should be removed

from the private structure. From the Public structure 12 Electric pole at the chainage 0+040,

0+090, 0+120, 0+650, 0+700, 0+750, 2+740-2+950(6 in no.), 5+130, 8+160, 10+096,

10+680, 19+680, 19+660, 20+500, Chautara at the chainage 1+350, 1+390, 2+830, 2+950,

3+180, 3+908, 4+340, 18+900, 20+400, 20+740, 20+490 public building at the chainage

10+600, Water tap at the chainage 19+320, 30+415, water tank at the chainage 18+540 and

public school toilet at the chainage 19+280 should be removed.

During operation stage, vehicular movement, monsoon rain, cutting of trees on the unstable

slopes might result in slope instability and hence erosion and landslides might occur.

Flowing water on the side drain of the road might cause erosion of soil on adjacent

agricultural land. Vehicular emissions will result in air and noise pollution. Because of easy

accessibility to the forest, it will affect forest resources and wildlife.

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha xiv

Benefit Augmentation Measures

Environmental and awareness raising training such as income generation activities,

construction of soft engineering structures and bioengineering works for workers and

contractors will be conducted. More emphasis will be given to women workers as at least

20% workers should be women.

Mitigation Measures

Bioengineering will be done to stabilize slopes and spoils will be disposed in 5 identified

spoil disposal sites at the chainage 3+500, 15+300, 23+250, 26+300 and 28+500. There is

provision of toe walls for balancing cut and fill volume. A separate Resettlement Plan (RP)

has been prepared to address land and property acquisition as well as compensation

issues. The construction of road will be based on Contract. Affected families will be given

high priority for employment and skill development trainings. The workers will be provided

with helmets, masks, muffles depending on the nature of the construction work. Drinking

water facility and temporary pit latrine will be constructed and disposal of excavated

materials in the water bodies will be avoided. Workers will be provided with medicines and

group accidental insurance facility.

Forestry clearance approval will be obtained from the District Forest Office (DFO) in order to

fell tree from the construction site. CFUGs will be provided support through DFO for the

compensatory plantation against tree loss and protection for 5 years. CFUGs will be

supported for the plantation of 14,575 plants with estimated cost of NRs 2,328,211.00.

Similarly, plantation of 519 plants (estimated cost is NRs. 34,383.75 will be done in private

lands at the ratio of 1:1.Likewise, support for plantationand protection for 5yearsof 3,550

plants in national forest will be provided to DFO with estimated cost of NRs. 567,077.00.

During operation stage, minor landslide and mass wasting will be immediately cleared and

slope restored with appropriate technology. Appropriate sign boards will be erected

informing drivers about prohibition of blowing horns in the forest areas and potential areas

for wildlife crossing. For developing managed settlement, awareness programs will be

conducted. Appropriate road safety measures will be applied.

Public Consultation and Information Disclosure

In order to prepare the IEE sub-project, 15 days public notice was published on 31/03/2016

A.D in Himalaya Times national Nepali daily newspaper seeking written opinions from

concerned then VDCs, then DDC, DFO, CFUGs, schools, health posts and related local

organizations. Public consultation was done with the local people living near the road,

teachers and local leaders during the preparation of IEE report. Similarly, meetings were

held with the local community in order to aware them of incoming road sub-project and to

identify the possible beneficial and adverse impacts due to this sub-project.

IEE report along with executive summary, identified impacts, recommended benefit

augmentation and mitigation measures and EMP was prepared in Nepali language for public

disclosure. Likewise, after the incorporation of comments from ADB and NRA, final IEE

report will be sent for approval. The approved IEE report will be accessible to interested

parties and the general public through the information Gorkha DCC and websites of NRA,

ADB and EEAP.

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha xv

Grievance Redress Mechanism

A four level Grievance Redress Mechanism has been provision in project to address the

grievances of local bodies and affected person. Affected person can register grievances

related to project. These grievances will be addressed from sub-project level to Grievance

Redress Committee (GRC).

Environmental Management Plan

An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been proposed with present report

including issues identified, possible effects and impacts, measures for their mitigation and

monitoring method and schedule. Different monitoring indicators on physical, biological,

socio-economic and cultural environment have also identified. Overall project level

monitoring will be conducted through the environmental management section (EMS) of NRA

whereas the sub-project level monitoring will be arranged through safeguard desk in each

DTO. For the Implementation of EMP, total amount of NRs. 7,129,270.70 has been

proposed. Out of which, NRs 3,549,599.45 has been included already in civil work cost.

Conclusion and Recommendation

The IEE study of Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road sub-

project reveals that the benefits from the implementation of the road project are more

significant and long term in nature against the adverse impacts most of which could be

mitigated or avoided. Therefore, this IEE is sufficient for approval of the road sub-project.

This sub-project is recommended for the implementation with the incorporation of mitigation

measures and environmental management.

IEE of Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha 1

1 Introduction 1.1 Name and Address of the Proponent 1. This IEE Report has been prepared for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of 30.575

km long district road for connecting Luitel gaun of Palungtar Municipality with Bhachek of

Ajirkot Rural Municipality (then Hansapur VDC) in Gorkha District.

2. The District Coordination Committee (DCC), Gorkha is the implementing agency at

the district level under Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project (EEAP) and the proponent

of the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) study for the rehabilitation and reconstruction

of road sub-project.

Address:

District Coordination Committee, Gorkha

Phone: 064-420144

Email: [email protected]

Fax: 064-420377

Website: http://www.ddcgorkha.gov.np/

Consultant

Central Implementation Support Consultant (CISC)


Ekantakuna, Lalitpur

P.O. Box 113

Telephone No: 977-1-5543142/43 Fax No: 977-1-5543144

E-mail: [email protected] website: http://www.drilpnepal.org

3. Af-Iteco Ltd., Switzerland acting as Central Implementation Support Consultant of

EEAP has awarded consultancy services to the Joint Venture of BEAM Consultants Pvt. Ltd,

Cemeca Consultant Pvt. Ltd and Digicon Engineering Consult Pvt. Ltd.

BEAM Consultants Pvt. Ltd

Sanepa, Lalitpur, Nepal

Tel: 01-5542783/ 5520577

Website: http://www.beamconsultant.com

Email: [email protected]

1.2 Background 4. Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project (EEAP) is a project being implemented

with the loan financing of ADB, Swiss technical support and counterpart funding from the

Government of Nepal (GoN). EEAP will support GoN to accelerate recovery and

reconstruction following the devastating earthquake of 25 April 2015 and the major

aftershock of 12 May 2015. The Project covers 12 affected districts2 in eastern, middle and

western development region of Nepal. The project will support rebuilding of schools, roads

and district-level government buildings, and strengthening resilience to future disasters. A

2 Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, Lalitpur, Kavrepalanchowk, Dolakha, Ramechhap, Solukhumbu, Okhaldhunga, Chitwan, Gorkha,

Lamjung and Sinduli

http://www.ddcgorkha.gov.np/

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.drilpnepal.org/

http://www.beamconsultant.com/



total of 450 km district roads damaged by the earthquakes and landslides will be

rehabilitated and reconstructed under the EEAP. Project roads and bridges will be

rehabilitated following the Build Back Better features for road safety and climate resilience.

5. Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project (EEAP) under the Ministry of Federal

Affairs and Local Development (MoFALD) is the implementing agency for the district roads

sub-component. EEAP has established Central Level Project Implementation Unit (CLPIU),

headed by Project Manager to implement the rehabilitation and reconstruction program.

CLPIU is supported through its District Level Project Implementation Unit (DLPIU). The

technical and environmental supervision is supported by DCC/DTO.

6. Environmental safeguard measures are vital in order to assess the environmental

consequences of the rural road for rehabilitation and upgrading in order to suggest

appropriate, practical and site specific mitigation and augmentation measures. Hence, the

terms of reference (ToR) is prepared to conduct an IEE of Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi

Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road, Gorkha district under EEAP.

1.3 Restructuring at Local Level 7. Government of Nepal has declared the name, number, boundary, ward’s boundary of 744 rural municipality and municipality with 481 rural municipalities, 246 municipalities, 13

sub-metropolitan cities, 4 metropolitan cities. The restructured bodies have come into force

with the publication of notice by MoFALD in Nepal Gazette on 10th March, 2017. The village

assembly and municipal assembly will make decision on this after the election in rural

municipality and municipality.

8. With the publication of this notice by GoN, old local bodies like VDCs/DDCs are

dissolved. A previous VDC has virtually turned into ward(s) of the municipality or ward(s) of

Rural Municipality (RM). MoFALD has circulated local level administrative operation order,

2073 for continuing and managing services at local level untill the elected members take

over the rural municipality, municipality and district assembly. DDC will be operated in name

of District coordination committee (DCC). The duties and responsibilities of DDC will be

carried by DCC. Project run by DDC will be run by DCC for this fiscal year. Multi-year

project run by DDC, funded by GON and donor agencies, will be operated as per decision of

ministry. This report presents the role and responsibility of institution for implementing

environment management plan in a model, before the publication of restructuring notice. The

role and responsibility has and further will be automatically transferred to concerned

agencies as GoN decision related to restructuring of local level.

9. The project affected then Thalajung, Harmi, Chhoprak, Jaubari VDCs are now

restructured as wards of Siranchok Rural Municipality (RM), Hanspur VDC has been

restructured as ward of Ajirkot RM and wards of Palungtar municipality has also be

restructured (please refer Table 1 for detail).


Table 1: Restructuring of Affected VDCs/Municipality of Gorkha District

VDC/Municipality

mentioned in report

Ward of then

VDC/Municipality

Current Reformation

Palungtar municipality 12,13 Palungtar Municipality-2

7,11 Palungtar Municipality-3

6,8,9 Palungtar Municipality-4

10 Palungtar Municipality-5

1,4,5 Palungtar Municipality-6

2,3 Palungtar Municipality-7

Hanspur VDC 1-9 Ajirkot Rural Municipality-3

Thalajung VDC 1-9 Siranchok Rural Municipality-2

Harmi VDC 1-9 Siranchok Rural Municipality-3

Chhoprak VDC 7-9 Siranchok Rural Municipality-4

Chhoprak VDC 1-6 Siranchok Rural Municipality-5

Jaubari VDC 1-9 Siranchok Rural Municipality-8

1.4 Rationale of the IEE 10. An IEE of the upgrading road is necessary in order to assess the environmental

consequences of the rural road construction activities and suggest appropriate, practical and

site specific mitigation and enhancement measures. This is District road core network

(DRCN)3 according to Nepal Rural Road Standard (2055) 1st Revision, September 2012 of

the Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads. Therefore, it is

a legal requirement by the Government of Nepal (GoN) according to Act relating to

Reconstruction of the earthquake affected structures 2015, Rule relating to Reconstruction

of the earthquake affected structures 2016, working procedure relating to EIA for

Reconstruction of the Earthquake affected structures 2016 and first amendment (2016) and

clause 2 of schedule 1 pertaining to section 3 of working procedure relating environmental

impact assessment for reconstruction of the earthquake affected structure, 2016.

11. According to Nepali legal provision, preparation of IEE report by concerned District

Coordination Committee (DCC) and approval of IEE report by the National Reconstruction

Authority (NRA), is considered sufficient and Nepali legal provisions in essence satisfy

ADB's requirements. EEAP falls under category "B" project where IEE is mandatory for all

sub projects according to Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 of ADB.

12. This IEE report of road sub-project in Gorkha district is prepared based on the Terms

of Reference (ToR) approved on 2072/12/12 B.S. (25/03/2016 A.D.) by the Secretary level

decision of Ministry of Federal Affairs & Local Development (MoFALD) which is given in

Appendix I but the Final IEE report will be submitted to National Reconstruction Authority

(NRA). The climate Change checklist is given in Appendix II. Total road length in ToR was

39 km but the length of road in detail design is 30.575 km only. So, this IEE report has been

prepared for 30.575 Km. Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) checklist was also

considered during IEE report preparation as given in Appendix III.

3 A Road within the district joining a VDC headquarter (HQ or a growth centre to the district HQ directly or via other VDC(s), a

neighboring district HQ or the strategic road network is called “district road core network”. Other roads which are not included in this network are village road.


1.5 Objectives of the IEE Study 13. The specific objectives of the proposed IEE study include :

Provide information on the general environmental setting of Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi

Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road area as baseline data.

Identify the major issues that may arise as a result of proposed works on bio-physical,

socioeconomic and cultural environment of the project area

Recommend practical and site specific environmental mitigation and enhancement

measures, prepare and implement environmental monitoring plan for the sub-project

Make sure that IEE is sufficient for the road sub-project

1.6 Methodology Adopted 14. Necessary information was generated through field study and literature review to

accommodate all issues as included in the approved ToR to analyze environmental impacts

on physical, biological, socio-economic and cultural issues. Primary level of information was

generated through questionnaires, checklists (Appendix IV) and data sheets walk-through

survey. Secondary information was collected through reports, profiles, maps etc. Total civil

work cost was estimated and given in Appendix V.

15. ToR was approved as per EPA 1997 and EPR 1997. The IEE approach,

methodology and procedure were followed according to the provisions of the Act relating to

Reconstruction of the Earthquake Affected Structures 2015, Rules relating to Reconstruction

of the Earthquake Affected Structures 2016, working procedure relating to EIA for

Reconstruction of the Earthquake affected structures 2016 (first amendment, 2016). It

followed methodology suggested in the approved ToR for IEE Study (review of literature,

sample survey/inspections/observations making simple measurements, discussion with

communities and other stakeholders, and IEE team judgment). According to working

procedure relating to EIA for Reconstruction of the Earthquake affected structures 2016, 7

days notice had to be published in national daily newspaper. However, 15 days public

notice was published in 2072/12/25 B.S. (07/04/2016 A.D), Himalayan Times, a national

daily newspaper (Appendix VI) seeking written opinion from concerned municipality,

concerned then VDCs, then DDC, DFO, schools, health posts and related local

organizations; immediately after approval of ToR as per EPA 1997 and EPR 1997.

16. A copy of the public notice was also affixed in the above mentioned organizations

and a deed of enquiry (muchulka) was collected (see Appendix VII). Recommendation

letters were obtained from concerned Municipality, then VDCs as given in Appendix VIII.

Furthermore, local people were contacted and interviewed to solicit information. Focus group

discussions (FGDs) were held within the various settlements along the ZoI (one and half

hours walk from the centerline of the road or 5 km distance). Meeting minutes are given in

Appendix IX. Socioeconomic data of households within road corridor were analyzed and

summarized in Appendix X. The district level officials, then VDCs, municipality and

community groups were also contacted to verify information (Appendix XI & XII). Plantation

plan has been prepared (Appendix XIII). Based on the analysis of information the impacts

have been predicted, mitigation measures prepared and monitoring plan has been

developed. Please refer Chapter 7 for details about public consultation, participation and

disclosure.


1.6.1 Project Area Delineation

17. The project influence area and the impact area were identified during the preparation

of ToR. Such areas were delineated based on the field conditions and nature of project

development using the similar past experiences of the experts involved in the IEE process.

Based on the environmental impacts of the project, the project-affected areas are classified

as the following Table 2:

Table 2: Project Area Delination

Category Description

Directly Impact Area

(ward level)

Construction areas of project activities. Such area includes

the formation width, Right of Way (RoW), and ancillary

structure sites camp facilities area, excavation area /quarry

sites and stock piling sites including their access

components.

(Considering administrative boundary: Palungtar Municipality-

2,3,4,5,6,7, Ajirkot Rural Municipality-3, Siranchok Rural

Municipality-2,3,4,5,8)

Indirectly Impact Area

(RM/Municipality level)

Immediate areas of construction with moderate and low

impacts. Such area covers area beyond the DIA and within

100 meters each side from the centerline of road including a

buffer area of about 100 meters from the ancillary structure

sites.

(Considering administrative boundary: Palungtar Municipality,

Ajirkot Rural Municipality, Siranchok Rural Municipality)

Zone of Influence

(Settlement level)

Then Palungtar Municipality and then VDCs (Jaubari,

Thalajung, Harmi, Chhoprak, Hansapur), especially focusing

on 1.5 hours walk from the road within the settlement of

project VDCs (excluding zone of other influence similar or

higher category roads) through which the road traverse.

Project Affected District Project district, the districts where the project shall be

implemented, Gorkha District

1.6.2 Desk study and Literature review:

18. IEE study team collected and reviewed the available secondary sources of

information for physical, biological, socio-econmic and cultural envionment.

i. Physical Environment:

19. From various available sources of secondary information (e.g. Topographical Map,

Regional Geological Map, DHM, MoPE, and information on topography, geology and

precipitations, temperatures were reviewed and collected.

ii. Biological Environment:

20. The important secondary sources of information were reviewed from relevant

literatures including other projects EIA reports, then VDC/DDC Profiles, and websites of

MoPE, DoF, MoFSC, and DNPWC.


iii. Socio-economic and Cultural Environment:

21. During desk study necessary secondary data /information/published or unpublished

reports (e.g.Gorkha district, Palungtar Municipality and Hansapur, Thalajung, Harmi,

Chhoprak and Jaubari VDCs profile, CBS data) were gathered from related

organizations/institutions. These documents were reviewed and relevant information for the

study was assembled.

iv. Preparation of Household Survey Questionnaire, FGD and Checklists:

22. During desk study the survey tools such as household survey questionnaire, FGD

and environemntal checklists were prepared based on the ToR for IEE study.

1.6.3 Field Investigation:

23. Field investigation of the project area was carried out by a multidisciplinary IEE study

team. During field investigation various steps were involved. More specifically, alignment

route observation and study of the topography and consultation with local key informants

was the main approach. Further, different tools (i.e checklists, questionnaires, and

guidelines) were used individually for each component of environment. In addition to, during

field visit data and information gathered through secondary information were also validated.

Various steps used as per domin are discussed as follows.

a. Physical Environment:

24. The main techniques used to investigate physical environment include alignment

route observation and study of the topography and consultation with locals. Applying such

approach, information and data on physical environment such as topography/terrain types

(e.g. aspect, gradient, and elevation), land use, geology, soils, slope stability, landslide/soil

erosion prone zones, and hydrology including river systems, drainage types, watershed

condition and low land/simsar areas were generated and gathered.

25. The information and data on topography/terrain types (i.e elevation, aspects, and

slopes) were generated with the help of GPS, Topographic Maps), Google Earth Image,

Regional and District Maps, and compass. Then the investigated data and information were

gathered systemically. Regional Geological Map, Geological Hammer, Measuring Tape,

GPS and Digital Camera as per need including checklist were used for necessary data and

information investigation. Surface geology of the road alignment was measured and

described in the site.

26. Slope stability and natural hazards information were investigated through

topography/terrain observation and with consultation of local people. Likewise, landslide and

soil erosion prone sections were observed critically. Field investigation was based mainly on

site observation and key informants' interviews.

27. Present air, water and noise pollution’s qualitative data was collected through direct observation, consultation with local people. Study of land use types was carried out mainly

through field observation with the help of strip map, topographical maps and consultation

with local key informants. During detailed field investigation land use data available from

Walkthrough Survey was also verified.


b. Biological Environment

28. In biological component, existing situation and possible impacts on wild flora and

fauna were studied in relation to risk of project implementation.

Data Collection Method for Forest Vegetation

29. Relevant information and data were collected through alignment walk-through

including grid lines count, discussions with knowledgeable key informants, CFUGs and other

stakeholders at the site as well as with the help of standard reference (Polunin and Stainton

1984). Botanical nomenclature followed Press et al. (2000). In general, possible impact on

forest area, especially on road formation width (i.e. especially 6.25 m width including areas

with drains and other structures) were discussed. Name and address of forest with chainage,

forest type by management, existing road width in forest area, name and number of trees

species to be cut from each forest and private land were identified with the help of CFUG's

member. Total enumeration was done for tree loss assessment. Data on NTFPs was

collected through direct observation and consultation with local people.

Data Collection Method for Wildlife and Avifauna

30. For information on terrestrial and aquatic fauna as well as avifauna, consultation was

done with member of CFUGs and other forest user groups, and key informants involved in

the forest related activities including local knowledgeable person. Information on mammalian

species and their movement was obtained from discussions with the local pople, members of

CFUGs etc. Identification of mammalian species followed Baral and Shah (2008) and

Shrestha T.K. (1997). An inventory of avifauna was performed by direct observation and

consultation with local people.

c. Socio-economic and Cultural Environment:

31. Local enumerators and assistants were hired for administrating household survey

questionnaire from the project affected area. They were trained on survey methodology,

tools and process to identify likely affected land plots and their owners for household census

survey. Then, the trained local enumerators and assistants were mobilized for administrating

household survey and data collection. The Socio-economic Surveyor supervised the

enumerators whereas the Socioeconomist and the Team Leader monitored the data

collection process in the field. Field survey for collection of baseline data/information on

socio-economic and cultural environment was conducted in the proposed project area (i.e.

road alignment from Luitel of Palungtar Municipality to Bhachhek of Ajirkot RM (then

Hansapur VDC) of Gorkha district).

Households (HHs) Survey:

32. The detailed household survey was carried out with all project affected households

whose land and other properties (e.g. structures, fruit, fodder, timber trees) was to be fallen

within Right of Way (RoW), and would be permanently acquired. The project affected

households were identified after delineating likely affected parcels of land on Cadastral

Survey Map and with the help of local key informants especially who were involved in walk

through survey time. Trained local enumerators visited each identified households and

interviewed the household heads or/ available respondents and filled out the survey forms

under direct supervision of Socio-economic Surveyor and monitoring by the Socio-

economist.


Focus Group Discussion (FGD):

33. This method was administrated with local community within the major clusters /

locations. In general, the participants were local persons of the affected households

including other households from the project community. The discussions was focussed to

record the existing baseline socioeconomic condition including opinion, issues and concerns

of the project affected people and stakeholders related to the proposed road project. The

FGD also gave opportunities to interact with the concerned public and stakeholders, to know

their concern, views and suggestions on road alignment route and location, land acquisition,

relocation of private and public infrastructure and utilities, including other social issues and

concerns, and to know their view on likely environmental issues/impacts and suggestions

and advices need to be considered in the IEE study.

Key Informants Interview (KII)/Stakeholder Consultation and Observation:

34. The KII technique was applied among the key informants and the relevant

stakeholders such as local elite people, community leaders, school principles / teachers,

business and governmental and non-governmental organizations / institutions. With the help

of KII technique information on socioeconomic and cultural environments and also potential

impacts due to project intervention were gathered. In addition, overall observations were

made and photographs were taken to cross check the data and information.

1.6.4 Database Preparation, Analysis, Prediction and Assessment of Impact

35. The required data for the study was collected through primary and secondary source

as mentioned above and database was prepared. The collected data were analyzed

qualitatively and quantitatively to establish existing baseline information on physical,

biological, socio-economic and cultural environments. Data and information from the

questionnaires/checklists were entered on processing data entry layout. Data analysis and

interpretation of physical, biological and socio-economic and cultural environments were

carried out by the respective domain specialists. Then interpretation was made based on the

results obtained. In brief these are presented here under.

a. Data Analysis and Interpretation

Physical Environment

36. The collected existing baseline condition information and data on such as topography

(i.e. elevation, aspect, and slope), geology and soil type were analyzed. Similarly, qualitative

data on air, water and noise pollution status were analyesd. For instances, measure

discontinuities data were used for slope stability assessment. Likewise, slope stability in

rocks was analyzed with the help of DIP Version5.1. The physical environmental information

(e.g. topography, climate, geology, soils, land use, slope stability, hydrology) was tabulated

to the extent possible. The output of analyzed information and data were interpreted in

logical, sequential and consistent order.

Biological Environment

37. The biological environmental information (e.g. tree and wildlife species, and bird

species) collected from primary and secondary sources and were tabulated. Then the

recorded species were compared and verified to the list prepared by IUCN Red Data Book,

CITES and List of Endangered, Rare and Threatened Plant Species published by GoN.


Socio-economic and Cultural Environment

38. The collected socio-economic data were entered in MS Excel 2010 and processed as

required. Similalrly, qualitative data related to socio-economic and cultural environment was

analysed to create the existing baseline. Suggestions made by the local people and

stakeholders' during public consultation was was considered for benefit augmentation

measures and mitigation measures for adverse impacts are proposed.

1.6.5 Impact Identification, Prediction and Assessment/Evaluation Method

Impact Identification

39. Based on field visit observation and consultation meeting with local, issues that may

trigger due to project intervention were identified and prioritized. From the exercise both

types of beneficial and adverse impacts were identified for IEE study. The impacts were

categorized as per environmental domain (i.e physical, biological, and socio-economic and

cultural environments). Likewise; an impact that may trigger under different phases of project

implementation (i.e. construction and operation) was also taken into account for the

assessment.

Impact Prediction

40. By and large, extrapolative (i.e. predictions on the basis of past and present data,

and trend analysis), and experts` experience and judgment (applying past experience and

knowledge of the experts) methods were applied for impact prediction.

Impact Assessment/Evaluation:

41. The assessment of environmental impacts was derived exclusively from the baseline

environmental conditions of the affected environment with the project activities in relation to

spatial and temporal aspects in terms of magnitude, extent and duration of impacts. The

impacts have been predicted in terms of their magnitude (minor, moderate and high), extent

(site specific, local and regional) and duration (short, medium and long term). Evaluation of

the level of significance of impacts was made based on prevailing legislative setup,

numerical values with scoring (National EIA Guideline, 1993), consultation with stakeholders,

expert’s past experience and other criteria.

1.6.6 Study Team:

42. Field survey comprised of walkthrough survey, consultation with community, site

inspection and observation. Data collection was done from 10/04/2016 to 17/04/2016 AD

(2072/12/28 BS to 2073/01/05 BS) by the the IEE team. The team members are listed

below:

Team Member:

Dr. Madhav Giri – Environment Expert

Ms. RamanKala Majakoti – Environment Expert

Ms. Nita Adhikari – Environment Expert

Mr. Tulsi Giri – Sociologist

Mr. Madan Neupane – Geologist

Mr. Hari Krishna Shrestha –Road Engineer

Mr. Ram Prasad Pathak – Biologist


1.7 Limitations of the IEE study: 43. The study has following limitations:

Recommendation of detail spoil management plan is suggested, however, it has not

been attached as a part of IEE.


2 Nepal’s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements for the Project

44. In Nepal, various legal instruments are in place to ensure the integration of

environmental aspects in development proposals. This IEE reviewed the following legislative

(refer Table 3) provisions and environmental guidelines to ensure compliance of the Project.

Table 3: Review of Environmental Acts, Regulations and Guidelines

A Constitution

1 The Constitution of Nepal: It has guaranteed every person the right to live in a clean environment

as a fundamental right. As per the constitution, it is also a matter of State policy to adopt

appropriate measures to abolish or mitigate existing or possible adverse environmental impacts on

the nature, environment or biological diversity.

B Act and Regulations

2 Act relating to Reconstruction of the Earthquake affected structures 2072 B.S (2015 A.D.):

This act provides for the creation of the NRA for a period of five years (which may be extended)

and defines its functions, duties and powers. It has mandated NRA for leading and managing the

earthquake recovery and reconstruction in Nepal. It has delegated the NRA the authority to frame

rules (Section 30), may make and enforce necessary guidelines or procedures in order to conduct

its business (Section 31).

3 Solid Waste Management Act, 2068 B.S. (2011 A.D.): It outlines the duties of local government to

take action to control haphazard waste generation, disposal or collection and has provisions for

various punitive measures against those engaged in activities detrimental to the intentions of the

Act.

4 Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 2057 B.S. (2000 A.D.): Engaging children

including those who has not attained the age of 14 in risky activities against his/her will by any

means is prohibited. In case any enterprise has to engage a child in works, an approval has to be

obtained from concerned body.

5 Local Self Governance Act 2055 B.S. (1999 A.D.): Empowers the local bodies for the

conservation of soil, forest and other natural resources and implements environmental conservation

activities

6 Forest Act, 2049 B.S. (1993 A.D.): Requires decision makers to take account of all forest values,

including environmental services and biodiversity, not just the production of timber and other

commodities.

7 Water Resources Act, 2049 B.S. (1992 A.D.): It has legal arrangements for determining beneficial

uses of water resources, preventing environment and other hazardous effects thereof and also

keeping water resources free from pollution. It has clearly mentioned that no one shall pollute water

resource by way of using or putting any litter, industrial wastes, poison, chemical or toxicant to the

effect that the pollution tolerance limit of the water resource as prescribed.

8 The Labor Act, 2048 B.S. (1992 A.D.): Regulates the working environment, deals with

occupational health and safety.

9 Soil and Watershed Conservation Act (SWCA), 2039 B.S. (1982 A.D.); It empowers GoN to

declare any area of Nepal as a conserved watershed area, specifying the borders thereof. The

Watershed Conservation Officer (WCO) has the authority to implement protective infrastructure,

vegetation program and regulate agricultural practices pertinent to soil and watershed conservation.

It empowers WCO to prohibit the commission of any acts that may cause soil-erosion or soil cutting

in a land where any of the acts has been done

10 Public Roads Act, 2031 B.S. (1974 A.D.): Act mandates requirement of permission from the DoR

to carry out activities within the limits of the road boundaries and also provision of notifying the DoR

by local governmental offices prior to the start of activities in the limits of the public roads.


11 National Park and Wildlife Conservation Act, 2029 B.S. (1972 A.D.): This act provides

protection to 27 species of mammals, 9 species of birds and three species of reptiles.

C International Conventions

12 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES),

2053 B.S., amended, 2059 B.S. (1973 A.D., amended 1979 A.D.): It regulates international trade

in endangered wild flora and fauna with the aim of reducing or eliminating trade in species whose

numbers or conditions suggest that further removal from their natural habitat would lead to their

extinction. It urges parties not to allow trade in specimen of species included in the CITES

Appendices I, II and III with some exception. As the area holds some CITES listed species, this

convention is attracted in case of their trade.

13 Convention on Biological Diversity, 2049 B.S. (1992): It focuses on the conservation of

biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of the

benefits. It urges parties to introduce appropriate procedures requiring EIA of the proposed projects

that are likely to have significant adverse effects on biological diversity.

14 Convention (No. 169) Concerning Indigenous and Tribal People in Independent Countries,

2046 B.S. (1989A.D): The convention provides right to the indigenous and tribal people to decide

their own priorities for the process of development. It mandates participation in formulations of the

plan and programs, decision making regarding national development. It safeguards rights of the

indigenous people in territories traditionally occupied by them.

D Rules and Regulations

15 Rule relating to Reconstruction of the Earthquake affected structures 2072 B.S. (2016 A.D): It

provides the basis for prioritization of reconstruction. More importantly, it defines functions, duties

and rights of the Chief Executive Officer and Secretary of NRA and District Coordination

Committee.

16 Local Self Governance Rules 2056 B.S. (2000 A.D.): It provides procedural guidelines for

implementation of the Local Self Governance Act.

17 Forest Rules, 2051 B.S. (1995 A.D.): It elaborates legal measures for the conservation of forests

and wildlife and provides procedural guidelines for implementation of the Forest Act. It stipulates

that in case the execution of any project having national priority in any forest area causes any loss

or harm to any local individual or community, the proponent of the project itself shall bear the

amount of compensation to be paid.

E Plans and Policies

18 National Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Policy, 2072 B.S. (2016 A.D.): It has identified

restoration and improvement of access to service and improve environmental resilience as one of

its strategic recovery objectives.

19 Forest Policy, 2071 B.S. (2015 A.D.): Plantation is mandatory for environmental friendly physical

infrastructure development along settlement area, road and irrigation canal.

20 Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Rehabilitation Policy, 2071 B.S (2014 A.D.): This policy

has been formulated to strengthen socioeconomic conidition of project affected families with the

provision of necessary land acquisition, justifiable compensation, appropriate resettlement and

rehabilitation for the public welfare and implementation of infrastructure development projects.

21 Three Years Interim Plan, 2070/71-2072/73 B.S. (2013/14-2015/16 A.D.): Identified the

importance of road sector in promoting national unification, socio-economic development and

regional balance contributing to overall development of the country and also in promoting the

access to service and facilities. It aims to achieve sustainable, broad-based, inclusive economic

growth. The plan also addresses climate change adaptation and mitigation and overall environment

protection.

22 ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 A.D.: ADB’s Safeguard Policy Framework consists of three operational policies on the Environment, Indigenous people and Involuntary resettlement. It

requires that (i) impacts are identified and assessed early in the project cycle, (ii) plans to avoid,

minimize, mitigate or compensate for the potential adverse impacts are developed and

implemented and (iii) affected people are informed and consulted during project preparation and


implementation.

23 20 Year Road Plan, 2059 –2079 B.S. (2002-2022 A.D.): With main objectives of development of

Strategic Road Networks (SRN), the implementation strategies include all weather road connection

to the District Headquarters (DHQ) and provision of road linkages from the DHQ to the adjacent

road network of the neighboring districts and countries

24 Policy Document, Environmental Assessment in the Road Sector of Nepal, 2056 B.S. (2000

A.D.): It proposes to adopt measures to improve the way of life of the affected people and

safeguard natural surroundings. In case damage is inevitable environmental assessment should

find ways of reducing or compensating for such damage. It suggested five types of environmental

assessment activities viz. Screening, IEE, Scoping, EIA and Monitoring.

F Work Procedures, Guidelines and Others

25 Local body restructuring notice, MoFALD, GON, 2017 A.D: Declaration of the name, number,

boundary, ward’s boundary of 744 rural municipality and municipality with 481 rural municipalities, 246 municipalities, 13 sub-metropolitan cities, 4 metropolitan cities and dissolve of VDC/DDC.

26 Work Procedure Related with Environmental Impact Assessment for Rehabilitation of

Earthquake Affected Structures (Fundamental Procedure), 2072 B.S. (2016 A.D.) and First

Ammendment, 2073 B.S. (2016 A.D.): These provide procedural guidelines for undertaking

reconstruction and rehabilitation projects. These include a comprehensive suite of procedures for

different activities like environmental impact assessment, land acquisition, and public procurement

for reconstruction projects (2072 B.S.) and grievance management (2073 B.S.). It determines the

format of IEE and EIA.

The first amendment has revised the threshold for projects to undergo IEE or EIA. It prescribes

(under Clause 2 of Schedule 1) that upgrading, rehabilitation and reconstruction and new

construction of district, urban and rural road should follow IEE study and approval.

27 Working Procedure to Use National Forest area for National Priority Projects, 2074 B.S.

(2017 A.D.): Following are the main features: • EMP/IEE/EIA study is mandatory for obtaining forestry clearance. • Alternative analysis has to be done during feasibility study for avoiding forest area or if not having minimal loss of vegetation. • Concerned Ministry has to obtain concurrence

from Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation before approving IEE/EIA • Provision of compensatory plantation (with protection for five years) at the ratio of 1:25 plants by the project or

provide plantation and protection cost to concerned DFO.

28 Community forest development program guideline (third revision 2071 B.S.): Sustainable and

scientific management of forest by the local users including environment services and facilities for

the mitigation of natural calamaties, wildlifes nad forest fire

29 ADB Environmental Assessment and Review Framework (EARF), 2015 A.D. for EEAP: It

elaborates environmental legal requirements and procedures according to the Government of

Nepal and Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 of ADB and guides the preparation of environmental

assessments and environmental management plans.

30 ADB Resettlement Framework (RF), 2015 A.D. for EEAP: It guides the preparation of

resettlement plans by elaborating legal and procedural guidelines according to GoN and ADP SPS.

31 Batabaran Parichhyan - Resource Booklet - 2070 B.S. (2013): It provides guidance for local

body to prepare environmental assessment reports of different projects; construction materials

extraction and local roads, on their own.

32 Environment Friendly Local Governance Framework (EFLG) 2070 B.S (2013 A.D.): This

framework is prepared to promote environmental conservation through local institutions to

materialize environment friendly local development concept. There are different level of

environment friendly indicators like basic, advanced and special indicators at household,

tole/settlement, ward, VDC, Municipality and District level. Main objectives of this framework are as

follows:

Mainstreaming the environment, climate change, disaster management issues in local

development planning process.


Making environment friendly local governance mechanism.

Strengthening basic level to make environment friendly sustainable development.

Promoting coordination and cooperation within environment and development.

Strengthening local organization to enhance local ownership for the sustainable development of

environment.

33 Nepal Rural Road Standard, 2012 A.D.: Sets the classification and geometric design standards

for the Local Road Network to be followed by all those involved in the development of the network,

including Users, User Committees, VDCs, DDCs, DTOs, DoLIDAR and its development partners.

34 National Adaptation Program of Action, 2068 B.S. (2010 A.D.): The NAPA has been

instrumental in mainstreaming climate change in development planning. The NAPA has developed

a framework for adaptation programme, and has identified key adaptation needs, existing

adaptation practices and options for developed projects including infrastructure.

35 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, 2014-2020 FY: It is prepared to provide guiding

framework for the management of Nepal’s biodiversity. It has focused on national needs of biodiversity management and conservation, fulfillment of the international obligations, sustainable

use of its components and equitable sharing of benefits accrued from conservation and utilization of

genetic resources. It has a long term (i.e. 35 years) vision, and includes specific short term (up

to 2020) strategies and priorities for action.

36 Government of Nepal: Work Procedure for Providing the Forest Land for Other Use, 2063

B.S. (2007 A.D.): Forest area will be provided for the national priority projects only. Provision for

the compensatory plantation (with protection for five years) equivalent to the forest area lost from

the construction of the road/bridge. If the trees lost have more than 10 cm diameter, then 25 times

more new trees will be planted.

37 Reference Manual for Environmental and Social Aspects of Integrated Road Development,

2060 B.S (2003 A.D): Suggests stepwise process of addressing environmental and social issues

alongside the technical, financial and other issues.

38 Batabaraniya Nirdesika (Nepali), 2057 B.S. (2000 A.D.): Focuses in the practical implementation

of small rural infrastructures through the minimization of environmental impacts and outlines simple

methods of environmental management in the different phases of the project cycle. More emphasis

is given to prevention rather than cure.

39 APPROACH for the Development of Agricultural and Rural Roads, 2055 B.S. (1999 A.D.):

Emphasizes labor based technology and environmental friendly, local resource oriented

construction methods to be incorporated actively in rural infrastructure process.

40 Green Roads in Nepal, Best Practices Report – An Innovative Approach for Rural

Infrastructure Development in the Himalayas and Other Mountainous Regions. GIZ, 1999

A.D.: It focuses on participatory, labor based and environment friendly technology with proper

alignment selection, mass balancing, proper water management, bioengineering and phased

construction.

41 Environmental Management Guidelines, Geo Environmental and Social Unit, DoR, 2054 B.S.

(1997 A.D.): It consists of environmental mitigation measures to be incorporated into DoR projects,

procedures for public participation, and socio-economic consideration. The Environmental

Mitigation Measures are broken down into 12 categories or activities and a method for

implementation is given for each mitigation measures including implementation strategies. These

environmental mitigation measures should be used in conjunction with good engineering design,

construction and operation practices. It also suggests considering the various socio-economic

issues like land acquisition and compensation, economic impacts and cultural heritage.

42 National Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines, 2050 B.S. (1993 A.D.): Provides

guidance to project proponent on integrating environmental mitigation measures, particularly on the

management of quarries, borrow pits and stockpiling of materials, operation of the work camps,

earthworks and slope stabilization, location of stone crushing plants etc.


3 Description of Project 3.1 Relevancy of the Sub-project 45. This road will provide physical and economical accesses to the people of north east

part to district headquarter and other parts of the country. In addition people of nearby

district headquarter will also be benefitted.

46. Construction of this road will provide easy physical and economical access to the

people within zone of influence (ZoI). This road can serve as a means and catalyst for

different development activities like water supply, irrigation, health and education in the area.

Local productions can get market with improved transportation facility so that people from

the area may have better earning opportunities. Moreover, this road will save considerable

travel time and improve income generation potentials, enhance commercial opportunities

and improve market accessibility.

3.2 Description and Location 47. The Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road sub-project lies

in the Gorkha district in Western Development Region of Nepal. It starts from Luitel gaun of

Palungtar municipality at an altitude of 439 masl and ends at Bhachek of Ajirkot rural

municipality (then Hansapur VDC) at an altitude of 1661 masl. It passes through 15 major

settlements: Bhachek Bazar, Balekhu, Dharapani, Chisapani, Chipleti, Chilaune, Thalajung,

Tallopam, Chittapokhari, Bhalumare, and Thumki gaun, Thaneswor, Harmi Bhanjyang,

Aappipal and Baddada. The road does not pass through any protected areas, historically

and archaeologically sensitive areas.

48. This road has been proposed for upgrading for rehabilitation and reconstruction. The

road passes through forests, cultivated land and settlement area crossing stream (khola)

named Hudi khola at the various chainage of 12+735, 13+010, 13+720, 14+220, and

14+750.

49. Length of this road is 30.575 km and formation width is 6.25 m. Total project cost of

the road is estimated NRs 774,030,012.11 and civil work cost is NRs. 701,147,466.30 (Refer Appendix V).The location of the road is illustrated by the Figure 1, 2 and ecological

features by the Figure 3.


Figure 1: Map showing Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek

Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project in Gorkha District


Figure 2: Map showing Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road


Figure 3: Ecological Map of Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road Sub-project


3.3 Salient Features of the Sub-project Table 4: Salient feature of the sub-project

Parameter Descriptions

Start point Luitel Gaun of Palungtar Municipality

End point Bhachek of Ajirkot RM (then Hansapur VDC)

DRCN Road Code No 36DR003

Sub - Project starting date April, 2016

Sub - Project ending date June, 2019

Geographical features

Terrain Hilly

Alignment Rolling

Altitude 439 masl to 1,661 masl

Altitude at starting point 439 m

Altitude at ending point 1,661 m

Climate Tropical

Geology Higher Himalayan (Alluvial, Colluvial soil and residual soil

Classification of road District Road Core Network (DRCN)

Length of Road 30.575 km

Existing Road Earthen

Proposed Pavement Bituminous (Premix Carpeting)

Construction period Three Years

Name of settlements Bhachek Bazar, Balekhu, Dharapani, Chiapani, Chipleti,

Chilaune, Aappipal, Thalajung, Tallopam, Chittapokhari,

Bhalumare, Bhanjyang, Harmi, Thaneswor, Thumki gaun and

Baddada.

No. of households 734

Municipality / RM (then

VDCs) along the road

Municipality- Palungtar

RM- Siranchok RM( then Thalajung, Harmi, Chhoprak, Jaubari

VDCs) and Ajirkot RM ( then Hanspur VDC)

Cross-section

Right Of Way 10 m on either side (centre line)

Minimum Gradient 0.5%

Maximum Gradient 11%

Retaining structures

Stone Masonry wall 2,12,955.5 cu.m

Gabion Retaining and

Breast Walls 8,417.5 cu.m

Earthwork

Excavation/Cutting 3,30,154.3 cu.m

Embankment/Filling 79,211.51 cu.m

Bioengineering cost (NRs.) 1,336,643.95

Total Civil Cost (NRs.) 701,147,466.30

Total EMP cost (NRs.) 7,129,270.70 (In which NRs 3,549,599.45 is civil cost, NRs

200,000 is Envirinment monitoring cost, NRs 3379,671.25 is

Environment mitigation cost)

Total Project cost NRs 744,030,012.11


Parameter Descriptions

Employment generation

Skilled 33,442 person days

Unskilled 120,256 person days

3.4 Components and Activities of the Sub-project 50. Total length of the road is 30.575 km with 6.25 m formation width. Project

components are: construction of drainage structures like side drain (covered trapezoidal,

open trapezoidal, open cascade and closed cascade), pipe culvert, irrigation crossing,

retaining structures like stone masonry wall, gabion retaining and breast wall as well as

earthwork like cutting and filling. Bioengineering, spoil disposal management, compensatory

plantation are the activities during the construction of this road sub-project.

3.5 Construction Approach 51. Implementation of road sub-project works shall be carried out employing Labour by

the contractor with following features:

Use of (external) labour, hand tools and small equipment and heavy machinery for

construction.

Balancing cut and fill as well as reuse of excavated materials as construction materials,

and managing excess spoils as far as possible.

Use of bio-engineering techniques with integrated use of vegetation, simple civil

engineering structures and proper water management systems for slope protection.

3.6 Implementation Schedule 52. Following Table 5 shows the proposed implementation schedule for the sub-project:

Table 5: Sub-project Implementation Schedule

S.N Activities 2016 2017 2018

I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV

1 Detailed survey, design and

estimate

2 Preparation of resettlement plan

2.1 Life skill and income generation

training

3 Environmental Assessment and

Implementation

3.1 IEE report preparation and approval

from NRA and ADB

3.2 Implementation of EMP

3.3 Environmental Monitoring

4 Work Implementation

4.1 Civil construction work by

Contractor

Note: I - January, February, March II - April, May, June

III - July, August, September IV - October, November, December


4 Description of the Existing Environment 53. The baseline information on the existing physical, biological as well as socio-

economic and cultural environment of the proposed sub-project is described as follows:

4.1 Physical Environment 54. The section describes the physical condition of the area that comes under the ZoI of

the road section along its entire length and surrounding area.

4.1.1 Topography and Geomorphology

Geology and Soil type

55. Geologically, the road lies in the Higher Himalayan of Nepal. Majority of road passes

through Ranimatta formation followed by basic rocks, Ulleri formation and Ghanapokhari

formation. The details of the geology of the road are given in the Table 6 and Figure 4

below:

Table 6: Summary of the Surface Geology along the Road

S.N. Chainage Geology and

Soil Details

From To

1 0+000 7+000 Basic rocks Basic types of rocks.

2 7+000 22+200 Ranimatta

Formation

Grey greenish, grey grittly phyllites, grilstones with

Conglomerates and white massive quarzites in the

upper parts basic instrusions are noted.

3 22+200 24+500 Ulleri Formation Augen gneisis and feldspathic schists.

4 24+500 30+575 Ghanapokhari

Formation

Black to grey Carboneus slates and green shales.

Chour carbonates white to grey compact dolomite

and dolomitic limestones interbedded with shales

beds. (Source: Geological map of Central Nepal)

Table 7: Slope Grade and Geological Condition for Cutting Slope / Filling

S. No Geological Classification Slope Grade

(Cutting )

Slope Grade

(Filling )

Major

Classification

Minor

Classification

1 Soil Colluvium (soil) 1:0.5 1:1.5

2 Rock Medium

Rock,Hard Rock

1:0.3~1:0.4 -

(Source: Field surve ,2016)

56. Based on the observations during field survey, there are different soil types along the

alignment of the road. The soil types found along the alignment has been classified following

the standard practice as Ordinary Soil (OS), Hard Soil (HS), Ordinary Rock (OR), Medium

Rock (MR) and Hard Rock (HR). The estimated average weightage of the different soil types

along the alignment based on field observation are given below in Table 8.


Table 8: Soil Type along the Road

Chainage Soil Classification OS HS OR MR HR

0+000 to 0+600 25% 70% 5% 0% 0% 0+620 to 2+380 20% 65% 7% 5% 3% 2+400 to 3+580 25% 70% 5% 0% 0% 3+600 to 4+600 20% 65% 7% 5% 3% 4+620 to 4+660 10% 75% 10% 4% 1% 4+680 to 4+800 20% 65% 7% 5% 3% 4+820 to 5+260 25% 70% 5% 0% 0% 5+280 to 5+380 15% 65% 7% 10% 3% 5+400 to 5+800 20% 65% 7% 5% 3% 5+820 to 5+980 10% 65% 10% 8% 7% 6+000 to 6+540 20% 65% 7% 5% 3% 6+560 to 7+100 25% 70% 5% 0% 0% 7+120 to 7+540 15% 65% 7% 10% 3% 7+560 to 8+460 20% 65% 7% 5% 3% 8+480 to 8+860 25% 70% 5% 0% 0% 8+880 to 17+600 20% 65% 7% 5% 3% 17+600 to 19+100 20% 65% 7% 5% 3% 19+120 to 20+160 25% 70% 5% 0% 0% 20+180 to 21+000 20% 65% 7% 5% 3% 21+020 to 21+480 25% 70% 5% 0% 0% 21+500 to 22+280 15% 70% 3% 10% 2% 22+300 to 23+580 20% 65% 7% 5% 3% 23+600 to 23+960 25% 70% 5% 0% 0% 23+980 to 29+000 20% 65% 7% 5% 3% 29+020 to 30+575 15% 65% 7% 10% 3% (Source: Field Survey, 2016)

(Source: Geological map of Central Nepal)

Figure 4: Geological Map of the Road and surrounding area


Landslides and Slope Stability

57. Slope Stability depends on the existing geological structures, lithology of the rock

units, soil type, topography and hydrological condition of the particular sides. The active gully

and rills in the colluvium surface exhibits high mass waste phenomena. The slope with loose

colluvium soil is highly susceptible to sliding after water saturation due to increased pore

water pressure, which ultimately increases the driving force.

58. Very few cut slope failures are observed along the road. There is very less chances

of occurring failure because of opposite natural hill slope. However, chainage 3+900-3+950

and chainage 21+680-21+730 is landslide prone area of the road.

59. Along the road where the loose soil exposed and prone area of the groundwater, it is

suggested to manage the drainage surface water and apply the bioengineering works.

4.1.2 Land Use

60. Land use pattern of the area through which the road passes have been classified into

settlement area, agricultural land and forest land as shown in Table 9 below.

Table 9: Land Use Type along the road

Type of

Land

Chainage

Length

(m)

Width Area

Starting Ending Existing

(m)

Additional

(m)

Existing

(ha)

Additional

(ha)

Agriculture

Land

0+000 0+230 230 5.5 0.75 0.127 0.017

1+490 2+590 1100 5.5 0.75 0.605 0.083

2+695 2+807 112 6 0.25 0.067 0.003

5+300 7+510 2210 5.5 0.75 1.216 0.166

8+100 9+800 1700 4.5 1.75 0.765 0.298

10+870 12+550 1680 4.5 1.75 0.756 0.294

12+750 13+050 300 4 2.25 0.120 0.068

13+180 13+300 120 4 2.25 0.048 0.027

13+980 14+790 810 4 2.25 0.324 0.182

14+800 15+090 290 4 2.25 0.116 0.065

15+165 16+000 835 4 2.25 0.334 0.188

17+660 18+840 1180 5.5 0.75 0.649 0.089

20+340 20+840 500 5.5 0.75 0.275 0.038

20+860 21+860 1000 5.5 0.75 0.550 0.075

21+920 22+300 380 5.5 0.75 0.209 0.029

22+310 24+430 2120 4 2.25 0.848 0.477

24+440 25+100 660 4 2.25 0.264 0.149

25+370 26+960 1590 5 1.25 0.795 0.199


Type of

Land

Chainage

Length

(m)

Width Area


(m)

Additional

(m)

Existing

(ha)

Additional

(ha)

26+980 27+207 227 5 1.25 0.114 0.028

27+225 28+190 965 5 1.25 0.483 0.121

28+220 28+700 480 5 1.25 0.240 0.060

30+140 30+575 435 5 1.25 0.218 0.054

Sub-total 18,924 9.121 2.707

Barren land

1+100 1+490 390 5 1.25 0.195 0.049

2+870 3+000 130 6 0.25 0.078 0.003

4+255 4+890 635 6 0.25 0.381 0.016

4+900 5+300 400 4.5 1.75 0.180 0.070

7+510 8+000 490 4.5 1.75 0.221 0.086

9+810 10+200 390 4.5 1.75 0.176 0.068

10+550 10+630 80 4.5 1.75 0.036 0.014

13+720 13+905 185 4 2.25 0.074 0.042

18+870 19+100 230 5 1.25 0.115 0.029

25+130 25+340 210 5 1.25 0.105 0.026

29+280 29+320 40 5 1.25 0.020 0.005

Sub-total 3,180 1.580 0.408

Forest

0+230 1+100 870 5.5 0.75 0.479 0.065

3+500 4+255 755 6 0.25 0.453 0.019

10+630 10+870 240 4.5 1.75 0.108 0.042

12+550 12+750 200 4 2.25 0.080 0.045

13+050 13+180 130 4 2.25 0.052 0.029

16+500 17+660 1160 4 2.25 0.464 0.261

18+840 18+870 30 5 1.25 0.015 0.004

19+280 19+290 10 5.5 0.75 0.006 0.001

20+180 20+340 160 5 1.25 0.080 0.020

20+840 20+860 20 5.5 0.75 0.011 0.002

21+860 21+920 60 5 1.25 0.030 0.008

22+300 22+310 10 4 2.25 0.004 0.002

24+430 24+440 10 4 2.25 0.004 0.002

25+100 25+130 30 4.5 1.75 0.014 0.005

25+340 25+370 30 5 1.25 0.015 0.004


Type of

Land

Chainage

Length

(m)

Width Area


(m)

Additional

(m)

Existing

(ha)

Additional

(ha)

26+960 26+980 20 5 1.25 0.010 0.003

28+700 29+280 580 4.5 1.75 0.261 0.102

29+320 30+140 820 5 1.25 0.410 0.103

Sub-total 5,135 2.495 0.715

Settlement

2+590 2+695 105 5.5 0.75 0.058 0.008

2+807 2+870 63 5.5 0.75 0.035 0.005

3+000 3+500 500 6 0.25 0.300 0.013

4+890 4+900 10 6 0.25 0.006 0.000

8+000 8+100 100 4.5 1.75 0.045 0.018

9+800 9+810 10 4.5 1.75 0.005 0.002

10+200 10+550 350 4.5 1.75 0.158 0.061

13+300 13+720 420 4 2.25 0.168 0.095

13+905 13+980 75 4 2.25 0.030 0.017

14+790 14+800 10 4 2.25 0.004 0.002

15+090 15+165 75 4 2.25 0.030 0.017

16+000 16+500 500 4 2.25 0.200 0.113

19+100 19+280 180 5.5 0.75 0.099 0.014

19+290 20+180 890 5.5 0.75 0.490 0.067

27+207 27+225 18 5.5 0.75 0.010 0.001

28+190 28+220 30 5.5 0.75 0.017 0.002

Sub-total 3,336 1.652 0.433

Total 30,575 14.848 4.262

(Source: Field survey, 2016)

4.1.3 Climate and Hydrology

61. Climate is dominated by topographical variations. The sub-project has tropical

climatic condition with average temperature of 35°C during summer and average minimum

of 3°C during winter. The average annual rain fall of the district is 1,600 mm. The road

crosses one small stream Hudi khola at various chainage (Ch 12+735, 13+010, 13+720,

14+220, and 14+750).

4.1.4 Landslide and Erosion Prone Area

62. Though most of the road passes through hill area, there are no significant problems

of active landslides except at the (chainage 3+900-3+950 and 21+680-21+730) is landslide

prone area.


4.1.5 Air, Noise and Water Quality

Ambient Air Quality

63. This is existing road however air quality observed is normal as no heavy vehicle runs

in this road.

Noise

64. The proposed area does not have any sources of significant noise pollution.

Water Quality

65. Water quality in the road section is observed to be good since it is used for drinking

purpose and there is no biotic interference. There is no defecation problem observed near

and around the drinking water sources. However, during the monsoon season the quality of

water may be polluted due to the accumulation of silt.

4.2 Biological Environment

4.2.1 Vegetation and Forest

66. The project area is dominated by trees characteristic of Tropical Forest like Saal

(Shorea robusta), at lower elevations and Sub-tropical Broadleaved Forest like Chilaune

(Schima wallichii) and Katush (Castanopsis indica) at higher elevations. Additionally, there

are representations of Sub-tropical Khote Salla (Pinus roxburghii) Forest and Uttis (Alnus

nepalensis) Forest.

67. Species namely, Saal (Shorea robusta), Katus (Castanopsis indica), Chilaune

(Schima wallichii), Uttis (Alnus nepalensis), Salla (Pinus roxburghii) are the dominated

species found in the road side. Titepati (Artemisia spp), Tejpat (Cinnamonum tamala), Timur

(Zanthoxylum armatum), Amala (Phyllanthus emblica) etc are NTFP reported along the

forests of the proposed road. The road passes through national forest (NF) and community

forest (CF). The details of the national and community forests are given in Table 10.

68. Dumsi (Hystrix indica), Deer (Muntiacus muntjak), Banbiralo (Felis chaus), Shyal

(Canis aureus), and Badar (Macaca mulatta) are the mammals found along road corridor.

Birds like Kalij (Lophura leucomelanos), Dhukur (Sterptopelia senegalensis) etc are found in

the project area. Fishes found in the river along the proposed road alignment corridor are

Katle Machha (Accrocheilus spp), Kabre (Pseudecherieis serracula) etc.


Table 10: Forest along Road

Name of Forest,

Address

Chainage Affected

Length (m) Main Species

Total area

of forest

(ha)

HH

No.

Mammals

Found along the

C.F

Birds

Found along

C.F From To

Amdanda CFUG, then

Palungtar municipality-7 0+230 1+000 770 Saal (Shorea robusta)

77 327 Deer (Muntiacus

muntjak), Badar

(Macaca mulatta)

Kalij (Lophura

leucomelanos)

Sisneri CFUG(no need

to cut trees) then

Palungtar municipality-4

3+500 4+255 755

Saal

(Shorea robusta),

Chilaune (Schima

wallichii),

35 40 Deer (Muntiacus

muntjak), Shyal

(Canis aureus)

Luinche (Gallus

gallus)

Andheripakha CFUG

(then Harmi VDC-3) 12+550 13+180 630

Chilaune (Schima wallichii),

Katus (Castanopsis

indica),

9.56 210 Malshapro (Martef

flabigula), Banbiralo

(Felis chaus), Shyal

(Canis aureus)

Luinche (Gallus

gallus)

Tarkedanda CFUG (then

Chhoprak VDC-2) 16+500 17+660 1,160

Chilaune (Schima wallichii),

Katus (Castanopsis

indica),Salla (Pinus

roxburghii)

75.2 94 Lokharke (Ratufa

indica)

Deer (Muntiacus

muntjak), Badar

(Macaca mulatta)

Luinche (Gallus

gallus)

National forest

(Palingtar Municipality-

13, Chhoprak-1

Thalajung-1,7 and 9

Jaubari-5

10+630

18+840

19+280

20+180

20+840

21+860

21+910

22+300

24+430

25+100

10+870

18+870

19+290

20+340

20+860

21+900

21+920

22+310

24+440

25+370

1,760

Chilaune

(Schima wallichii),

Uttis

(Alnus nepalensis)

-

-

Deer (Muntiacus

muntjak), Malshapro

(Martef flabigula),

Badar (Macaca

mulatta)

Kalij (Lophura

leucomelanos)

Luinche


Name of Forest,

Address

Chainage Affected

Length (m) Main Species

Total area

of forest

(ha)

HH

No.

Mammals

Found along the

C.F

Birds

Found along

C.F From To

26+960

28+700

29+320

29+580

26+980

29+280

29+440

29+820

Total 5,075



4.2.2 Protected Flora and Fauna

69. The protected fauna found in the forest along road corridor area given in Table 11.

Table 11: List of Protected Flora and Fauna Found along the Project Area

SN Local

Name

Scientific

Name

Remarks

IUCN 2008 CITES Code GoN

1 Badar Macaca

mulatta

NT Appendix II4

2 Dumsi Hystrix indica LC

3 Kalij Lophura

leucomelanos

LC

4 Deer Muntiacus

muntjak

LC

5 Banbiralo Felis chaus LC II

6 Luinche Gallus gallus LC

7 Shyal Canis aureus LC

8 Sal Shorea

robusta

Banned for felling,

transporatation and

export for commercial

purpose. Note: NT= Near Threatened, LC = Least Concern, (Source: Field survey, 2016 )

4.3 Socio-economic and Cultural Environment a. District Context

70. The proposed road lies in Gorkha district. According to CBS 2011, total 271,061

people in 66,506 household. Among them, 121,041 are male and 150,020 are female. The

average household size is 4.08 and population density is 75. Among the 66,506 HH, few

household were absentee and therefore CBS had interviewed 66,458 HH only. Out of

66,458 HH, 41,743 use water from pipeline, 18,640 from spout, few (20 HH) have tube well

facility and remaining household depends on other source of water. In term of energy for

cooking, 56,049 HH use firewood, 7,214 use LP gas, only 20 HH use cow dung and

remaining household use kerosene, electricity etc. Most of the household (56,049) use

electricity for lightning, followed by 11,131 HH using kerosene (2,890) and few household

have solar panel also. 17,916 HH had not constructed toilet, remaing HH have toilet

with/without flush system.

b. Indirectly Impact Area

71. Road passes through the Palungtar Municipality, Ajirkot and Siranchowk Rural

Municipality with 6,891 HH and 26,856 populations. Among them 11,824 are male and

15,082 are female. (Please refer Table 12 for detail).

4 Species not yet threatened, but which could become endangered if trade is not controlled


Table 12: Population and Ethnicity in Indirectly Impact Area

Then VDC/

Municipality

Restructured

RM/Municipality

Total

HHs

Population Caste/Ethnic

Distribution Male Female Total

Palungtar

Municipality Palungtar Municipality 2,108 3,460 4,683 8,143 Chhetri/Sanyasi

Hansapur VDC Ajirkot Rural

Municipality 924 1,640 2,018 3,658

Brahmin/Gurung/

Newar

Thalajung VDC Ajirkot Rural

Municipality 681 1,240 1,485 2,725

Gurung/Chhetri/

dalit

Harmi VDC Ajirkot Rural

Municipality 907 1,488 1,962 3,450

Brahmin,Chhetri/

Dalit/Gharti

Chhoprak VDC Ajirkot Rural

Municipality 1,531 2,608 3,285 5,893

Brahmin,Chhetri/

Dalit

Jaubari VDC Siranchowk Rural

Municipality 740 1,388 1,649 2,987

Gurung,

Brahmin,Tamang

Total 6,891 11,824 15,082 26,856

(Source: CBS 2011)

72. According to CBS 2011, In Palungtar Municipality, HH size is 3.86. For drinking water

purpose 1,029 uses waterpipe. For cooking purpose, 1,490 HH uses firewood, 7 HH uses

kerosene, 393 HH uses LP gas and 210 HH uses Bio-gas. For lightning purpose, 1,926 HH

uses electricity, 175 HH uses kerosene. 333 HH don’t have toilet facility, 1,213 HH have flush toilet and 558 HH have ordinary toilet. In Hansapur VDC, HH size is 3.96. For drinking

water purpose 712 uses waterpipe. For cooking purpose, 852 HH uses firewood, 24 HH

uses kerosene, 43 HH uses LP gas and 1 HH uses Bio-gas. For lightning purpose, 452 HH

uses electricity, 418 HH uses kerosene and 51 HH uses solar. 156 HH don’t have toilet

facility, 317 HH have flush toilet and 448 HH have ordinary toilet. In Thalajung VDC, HH size

is 4.00. For drinking water purpose 672 uses waterpipe. For cooking purpose, 667 HH uses

firewood, 10 HH uses LP gas and 4 HH uses Bio-gas. For lightning purpose, 631 HH uses

electricity, 48 HH uses kerosene and 2 HH uses solar. 158 HH don’t have toilet facility, 224 HH have flush toilet and 229 HH have ordinary toilet. In Harmi VDC, HH size is 3.80. For

drinking water purpose 534 uses waterpipe. For cooking purpose, 763 HH uses firewood, 1

HH uses kerosene, 21 HH uses LP gas and 119 HH uses Bio-gas. For lightning purpose,

800 HH uses electricity, 103 HH uses kerosene and 2 HH uses solar. 192 HH don’t have toilet facility, 415 HH have flush toilet and 446 HH have ordinary toilet. Detail is given in the

Table 13 beolw.

Table 13: Other Fcilities along the then Municipality and VDCs

Then

Municipality/

VDC

HH

size

Drinking

Water

Cooking Lightning Toilet

Waterpipe Kerosene Fire

wood

LP

gas

Bio-

gas

Electricity Kerosene Solar None Flush Ordi

nary

Palungtar

Municipality

3.86 1,029 7 1,490 393 210 1,926 175 0 333 1213 558

Hansapur VDC 3.96 712 24 852 43 1 452 418 51 156 317 448

Thalajung VDC 4.00 672 0 667 10 4 631 48 2 158 224 299

Harmi VDC 3.80 534 1 763 21 119 800 103 2 192 415 298


Then

Municipality/

VDC

HH

size

Drinking

Water

Cooking Lightning Toilet

Waterpipe Kerosene Fire

wood

LP

gas

Bio-

gas

Electricity Kerosene Solar None Flush Ordi

nary

Chhoprak VDC 3.85 1,034 4 1,251 4 201 1,295 221 3 430 643 446

Jaubari VDC 4.04 639 2 700 26 119 469 195 63 208 259 270

(Source: CBS, 2011)

c. Zone of influence

4.3.1 Population Distribution, Caste/Ethnicity and Occupation

73. There are 15 major settlements along the road. The proposed road passes through

Palungtar municipality, Siranchok RM (then Thalajung, Harmi, Chhoprak, Jaubari VDCs),

Ajirkot RM (then Hanspur VDC) with the total population of 3,810 persons with 47.56% of

male and 52.44% of female distributed in 734 Household (HHs) as shown in table 14 below.

Newar, Brahmin, Chhetri, Gurung live within all the settlements of the proposed sub-project.

Table 14: Distribution of Population with Household along the ZoI

Settlement

Municipality or RM

(then VDC/municipality

&Ward)

Total

HHs



Bhachek Bazar Ajirkot RM-3 (then

Hansapur VDC- 1) 125 319 331 650

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung

Balekhu Siranchok RM -8 (then

Jaubari-1) 55 135 165 300

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Newar, Tamang, Dalit

Dharapani Siranchok RM -8 (then

Jaubari-5) 30 130 150 180

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung, Dalit

Chisapani Siranchok RM -1 (then

Kerabari-1) 45 118 122 240

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung

Chipleti Siranchok RM -8 (then

Jaubari-4,5) 28 70 80 150

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung, Tamang

Chilaune Siranchok RM -2 (then

Thalajung-9) 32 125 135 160

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung

Thalajung Siranchok RM -2 (then

Thalajung-7) 47 115 125 240

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung, Dalit

Tallopam Siranchok RM -5 (then

Choprak-1) 42 100 110 210

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung, Dalit

Chittapokhari Siranchok RM -5 (then

Choprak-1) 60 135 165 300

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung, Dalit

Bhalumare Siranchok RM -5 (then

Choprak-1,2) 50 120 130 250

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung, Dalit

Thumki Gaun Siranchok RM -5 (then

Choprak-2) 40 90 110 200

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung

Thaneswor Harmi-9 35 85 95 180 Brahmin Chhetri, Dalit

Harmi

Bhanjyang

Siranchok RM -3 (then

Harmi-1,3,8) 40 95 105 200

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung, Dalit

Aappipal Palungtar Municipality-2

(then Palungtar 50 125 125 250

Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung, Dalit


75.89

26.02 24.93

0.27 3.41

Occupation0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

pe

rcen

tag

e

Agriculture &Livestock

Labour & Porter

Business /Commerce

Cottage Industry

GO / NGOEmployees

Settlement

Municipality or RM

(then VDC/municipality

&Ward)

Total

HHs



municipality-13)

Baddanda

Palungtar Municipality-4

(then Palungtar

municipality-8)

55 155 145 300 Brahmin, Chhetri,

Gurung

Total 734 1812 1998 3,810

Percentage 47.56 52.44 (Source: Field Survey, 2016)

4.3.2 Detail of Population Status of ZoI

74. 75.89% of the households are

involved in agriculture and livestock5

(please refer Figure 5). 26.02%

households are engaged in labour work.

About 24.93% households are engaged in

business and commerce. 3.41% of

households are involved as GO/NGO

employees whereas very less 0.27% is

engaged in cottage industries. Details are

shown in Appendix Xa.


Figure 5: Percentage of HHs with Occupation

Local Economy

75. The economy of the area is predominantly agriculture based. Business and

commerce have a less scope in this place. With growing closeness of the project area with

market centre and district headquarters, farming as well as market linkage of cattle, goat,

fruits and aalainchi for a commercial manner seems to gain momentum in presence of

transportation facility.

Migration Pattern

76. Overall about 80 households (out of 734 households) migrate in various parts of

Nepal especially Kathmandu, Gorkha and Lamjung seeking for wage and labour works for

more than 6 months. Details of migration pattern according to the settlements are shown in

Appendix Xb.

Farming Pattern

77. Crops that are cultivated in the project area are maize, rice, wheat and millet, phapar

etc. Major cash crops grown are aalainchi, potato, vegetables, mustard oil seeds, beans,

fruits etc. Details of farming pattern of the people according to the settlements are shown in

Appendix Xc.

5From the graph it shows that the agriculture and livestock is primary occupation for all the people living in road

corridor and they have secondary occupation as well.


Livestock

78. Cows, buffaloes, goat, poultry and pig are main livestock reared along the ZoI of the

road. . Details of livestock rearing pattern of the people according to the settlements are

shown in Appendix Xc.

Industry, Trade and Commerce

79. Many People were found to be engaged in hotel/lodges grocery, tea shop and

restaurant. The area has potentiality of potato, vegetables, beans and the livestock rearing

such as cow, goat, and poultry. The major items that are exported from project area are

potato aalainchi, beans etc. Goods of daily commodities are major imports in the project

area, which includes salt, sugar, packed food items, spices, clothes and other items of daily

uses. Average travel time ranges from 10 minutes to 8 hours to reach the settlement from

the road head by walking and 5 minutes to 3 hour by vehicles. Average transportation cost

by porter is from NRs. 4-6/Kg and by vehicles is NRs. 2-4/Kg.

Business Facilities

80. There are about 73 restaurants and tea shops along the road corridor with 22 grocery

shops and 28 hotels and lodges. Details about business and commerce according to the

settlements are shown in Appendix Xd.

Public Services and Infrastructures

81. There are various social sector facilities and infrastructure in different settlements.

There are 5 health post (1 each in Bhachek, Chisapani, Tallopam, Bhalumare, and

Thaneswor).4 veterinary services (1 each in Bhachek bazaar, Chipleti, Chittapokhari and

Harmi Bhanjyang). Details about public services and infrastructures according to the

settlements are shown in Appendix Xe.

Communication and Electricity

82. All of the households of settlements have electricity from national grid line and some

of the houses have solar system too. Almost all households use mobile for communication

purpose.

Education, Health

83. There are 4 high schools, 3 primary Schools and only 4 campuses in the settlements

of project ZoI. This shows that there is lack of campuses for higher education.

84. There are 5 health posts in Bhachek, Chisapani, Tallopam, Bhalumare and

Thaneswor and 4 veterinary services Bhachek, Chipleti, Chittapokhari and Harmi Bhanjyang.

Water Supply and Sanitation

85. People are dependent on Gravity flow scheme, spring and dug well for drinking

water. All the settlements except Lama Tol depend on the spring and dug wells. Details

about business and commerce according to the settlements are shown in Appendix Xf

86. All the households have toilet facility in all the settlements within ZoI. About 710

houses have permanent toilet and only 24 households have temporary toilet which shows

that the area is healthy because there is no open toilet.


0.14

33.38

51.50

15.67

Landless

<10 ropani

10 to 20

ropani

>20 ropani

15.60%

30.53%

20.62%

33.24%

Surplus for

more than 1

year

Sufficient for 9

months to 1

year

Sufficient for 3-

9 months

Sufficient for

less than 3

months

Irrigation

87. Irrigation facility is available for less than one-third of the land. Farmers depend on

rain water for irrigation during summer season.

Other Infrastructure

88. 22 community centers and 16 community organizations and 5 play grounds 5 Ghats

7 hatiya bazaars as others infrastructures.

Community Development Facilities

89. There are 16 community organizations found in all settlements. These are CFUGs,

agricultural groups, mother’s group and youth clubs etc.

Land Holding pattern

90. The Figure 6 shows the landholding

pattern within the ZoI of the road sub-

project. It shows that majority of households

51.50% have land between 10-20 ropani.

About one third households (33.38%) have

less than 10 ropani of land. 15.67% of the

households have land more than 10 ropani.

However, 0.14% of households are landless.

For details refer Appendix Xe.


Figure 6: Land Holding Pattern of Settlements along the Road Corridor

Food Security

91. The Figure 7 below shows the

number of households belonging to

different food security category. More

than quarter of the households

(30.53%) have enough food for more

than 9 months. Similarly one fifth of the

households (20.62%) have food

sufficiency for three to nine months.

33.34% of the total household have

food sufficient for less than 3 months.

Where 15.60% of the total household

have food sufficient for more than one year. For details refer Appendix Xf.


Figure 7: Number of Households Belonging to Different Food Security Category

Potential Area for Development

92. Most of the settlements are potential for cash crops, agriculture and livestock rearing.

There is potentiality for tourism development. For details refer Appendix Xg.


Scope of Proposed Linkage

93. People from all the settlements will be directly benefited through development in

agriculture, education, health, food security sector. For details refer Appendix Xh.

Religious, Cultural and Historical Sites

94. Religious, cultural and aesthetic site within the ZoI are mentioned in the table 15

below. However, these sites are not affected by the construction of the road.

Table 15: Religious, Cultural and Historical Sites

Settlement Resource

Location

From

Road

Description

Bhachek

Bazaar

Ajirkot 25 min Religious place

Completely destroyed by earthquake

Bhachek 20 min

View purpose Sirandanda 2 min

Nagpokhari 7 min

Market area 10-20 min festivals like dashain, jestha purnima but

unmanaged due to unavailable of road access

Tallopam Khadkadevi 10 min Festivals like dashain and tihar

Chitrepokhari Kalika Temple 20 in Not well developed

Barahachetra 30 min Not developed due to lack of road access

Thumki Gaun Bandevi 10 min For the protection of wild animals

Thaneshwora Thani 2 min Religious value

Aappipal Shiva temple 15 min Religious belief of fulfillment of the wish

Lilikot 30 min View purpose

Baddanda Natheshowri 20 min Religious value

4.3.3 Socio-economic Profile of the Project Affected Households:

95. A detailed socio-economic survey was conducted to investigate affected households

status. The affected families were included only within the chainage of 0+000 to 30+575.

The detail is given in the Table16 below:

Table 16: Summary of Affected Households by the Sub-project

S.N. Variable Count

1 Total affected households 342

2 Interviewed HHs 204

3 Non-Interviewed HHs 138

4 Female headed HHs 9

5 Dalit HHs 35

6 Janajati HHs 78

7 Newar HHs 24

8. Brahmin/Chhetri HHs 67 (Source: households Survey, February, 2017, RP)


4.3.4 Status due to Earthquake:

96. Most rural homes badly damaged and people are forced to live in tents. 91% of

houses destroyed, 318 human casualties, and 548 of 594 government schools are destroyed

(as reported in District-wise summary record). Most of the houses of ZoI are damaged by the

earthquake. The devastating earthquake mostly destroyed the physical properties rather

than human beings. Please refer Figure 8 for earthquake affected districts.

Figure 8: Earthquake Affected District

Summary of the Earthquake in Gorkha District

97. On 25 April 2015, a 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck Nepal with its epicenter in

Gorkha District, approximately 81 km North West of the country capital, Kathmandu. Another

earthquake of magnitude 7.3 followed on 12 May 2015 in Dolakha District. REACH, through

its partnership with the Global Shelter Cluster, was deployed to Nepal to facilitate the

development of a comprehensive shelter and settlements recovery strategy for the Nepal

Shelter Cluster, and establish a baseline for analysis of the recovery process. The data

presented in this factsheet is the result of a stratified, random survey of 122 households,

including those with damaged and non-damaged shelters. Findings can be generalized at

district level with a 95% level of confidence and a 10% margin of error.


Housing Damages in Gorkha:

98. It was reported that 98% of the households were reported to be damaged by the

earthquake (please refer Figure 9 and 10).

Figure 9: Housing Damage due to Earthquake

Figure 10: Source of Drinking Water Damage due to Earthquake


5 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Benefit

Augmentation/Mitigation Measures

99. The identification and assessment of impacts has been carried out by considering the

proposed proposal activities examined in terms of the construction and operation stage.

Several such impacts have been identified based on site observation, field survey and

information obtained from the stakeholders, with a few being identified on value judgment.

The impact of the activities will be on physical, biological, socio-economic and cultural

resources within the ZoI. Impacts from the road sub project can be both beneficial as well as

adverse. Most of the identified impacts have been quantified as far as possible.

100. Mitigation refers to the measures that are designed to cope with adverse

consequences and to enhance the positive impacts on the environment as a result of the

Sub-project implementation. An effective implementation of benefit maximization measures

and adverse impacts mitigation measures would optimize the benefits expected from the

Sub-project and avoid/minimize the adverse impact. The impacts have been predicted in

terms of their magnitude (minor, moderate and high), extent (site specific, local and regional)

and duration (short, medium and long term) and appropriate benefit enhancement and

mitigation measures are suggested as follows:

5.1 Mitigation Measures during Pre-construction Phase 101. The mitigation measures adopted during design or pre-construction phases are

preventive in nature and have two basic objectives:

a. Avoiding costly mitigation measures, and

b. Increasing awareness among the stakeholders for environmental management of road

construction and operation.

5.1.1 Detailed Survey and Design

102. The road design has followed the rural road standards developed by DoLIDAR. The

works will be executed through National Competitive Bidding (NCB) package by the

contractors. Bio-engineering techniques will be applied for stabilization of slopes, which is

sustainable, environmental friendly and can be done by using local resources and

manpower. To improve the transport services for the people living along the road and link

local areas with the main market, acquisition of land would be required.

103. Relevant issues raised during public consultation have been addressed under

respective mitigation measures. Therefore, no separate mitigation measures are warranted

for the concerns raised by the local people.

5.2 Beneficial Impacts and Benefit Augmentation Measures

5.2.1 Construction Phase

Employment Generation and Increase in Income

104. One of the major direct beneficial impacts of the road during the construction stage is

the creation of employment opportunities for the external people which business creates

opportunity for the local people. The road construction will create 33,442 person days skilled

and 120,256 unskilled person days jobs. Employment generation for the local people will


minimize seasonal migration to other parts of the country, as well as to foreign countries.

There will be positive impacts in other economic activities in a chained manner creating

other income generating activities. This is one of the direct and significant impacts of the

projects but it is of short-term and local in nature. At least one-fifth Involvement of women,

Dalit and ethnic minority people will be done.

105. Following benefit augmentation measures will be implemented:

Uplifting the socioeconomic condition of the affected people through the life skill training

Awareness programme for the locals.

Awareness Enhancement

106. Although many people in the project area are unskilled at present, the construction of

road is likely to enhance awareness about Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)

Sexual/gender based violence prevention campaign. This will prevent the STDs and social

abuses. The knowledge acquired from the project during construction will enhance

awareness. This impact is indirect, medium, local and long-term in nature.

Enterprise Development and Business Promotion

107. During the construction period, different types of commercial activities will come into

operation in order to meet the demand of workers. Since they will have good purchasing

power, they will regularly demand for different types of food, beverage and other daily

necessary items. To meet these demands, many local and outside people may operate a

number of small shops and restaurants around the vicinity of the construction sites. Various

farm based enterprises, including a wide range of agricultural and livestock products, will

also gain momentum as a result of increased demand by labours during construction. This

will increase local trade and business in the area during construction period. The impact is

also direct, low, local and short term in nature.

Rent from Land Acquired Temporarily during Construction

108. During the construction period there is a need to acquire private land temporarily in

order to set up campsite, stockpile the construction materials, etc. Thus, the local people

whose land has been acquired for such purposes will be provided with the rent of his land.

This will ultimately enhance his income and serve positively to upgrade the economic status

of his family. However, this positive impact will be of low magnitude, short term and site

specific in nature.

Women Empowerment

109. All the people will be benefited from the road construction. However, women may be

benefited more from improved access to the market centers and various service providing

agencies like health centers, banks, training institutions, women development office etc. 20%

of women participation is provided in labor work bio-engineering and plantation activities

during the construction of road. Frequency of visit to such agencies will increase awareness

level and empower them. The project will have indirect, significant, local and long-term

impact.


5.2.2 Operation Phase

Improvement in Accessibility and Saving of Time and Transportation Cost

110. After the completion of road will enhance the easy access of people to social

services, and quick transportation of goods and business. Travelling time will be reduced by

half and the cost of transportation will be cheaper by around two times. This is the direct,

regional impacts and will have long-term benefits. Regular maintenance of the road will be

done by the DCC/DTO.

Access to Inputs and Services

111. Once the road project is completed, the people living within the road corridor will

have easy access to cities and markets. This will enhance the transaction of goods and

access to social services. Access to input and services will increase, which will be cheaper

due to transportation facility. This is the direct, most significant, regional and will have long

term benefits.

Increase in Trade, Commerce and Development of Market centers

112. There is a possibility of increased economic opportunities and significant growth and

extension of the minor local markets along the road. The farmers will be more interested to

increase agricultural production due to market accessibility. Similarly, there will be

diversification in occupational pattern of local people, who are till now mainly dependent on

subsistence farming. This will lessen pressure on local natural resources. There will be many

employment opportunities for the growing rural population especially for occupational caste

groups due to extension of market center and development of small towns. The commercial

product i.e. aalainchi will increase and the cash crops will get high priority for market linkage.

The project will have indirect, long term, local and high benefits.

Appreciation of Land Value

113. Construction of the road leads to appreciation of land values, particularly near the

market and settlement areas. It is expected that land price will increase by two times due to

the construction of the road. The impact is indirect, high, local and long term in nature. The

local people will be made aware of the fact that high value land is easily acceptable to the

banks and microfinance institutions as a guarantee to provide loans. Local people can start

their own business by mortgaging their land.

114. Due to easy and cheaper availability of agricultural inputs and technologies,

productivity will be increased along the road. Vegetables, fruits, cash crops, sale of farm,

fruit and livestock products will be increased in almost all the settlements along the road

corridor. This is the indirect, high, local and long term in nature.

5.3 Adverse Impacts and Mitigation Measures


Physical Aspects

Change in Land Use

115. The land acquired for the implementation of the project can undergo a long-term

permanent change in the land use. The existing land use pattern is 9.12 ha Agriculture land,

2.49 ha Forest, 1.6 ha Settlement area and 1.580 ha barren land. Changes of land use due

to the construction of road are mainly conversion of 2.707 ha Agricultural land, 0.715 ha


Forest area, 0.433 ha settlement area and 0.40 ha Barren land will be converted in to the

built up area of road changing the total 19.10 ha land. Similarly, there will be some change in

land use due to expansion of road side settlements. The impact from changes in land use

will be high, direct, local and long term in nature.

116. There will be no mitigation measures for the permanent loss of agricultural, forest

land. However, following mitigation measures will be adopted to compensate the loss of land

into built up area:

Improving agricultural extension services to compensate for loss of production.

Applying additional protective measures that the remaining land will not be lost due to

erosion.

Roadside plantation of trees will be done to increase greenery in the area.

During re-vegetation, local species identified during the survey will be used.

The spoil site will be stabilized with bio-engineering.

Hazards due to Spoil Disposal

117. Fresh cuts also invite landslides and erosion, particularly during monsoon. The

common likely problems from inappropriate disposal of spoils are: gully and erosion of spoil

tips especially when combined with unmanaged surface water runoff, damage to farm lands,

and destruction of vegetation, crops and property at downhill. The impact from spoil disposal

will be direct, medium, site specific and long term in nature.

118. The following mitigation measures will be adopted:

Adopting cut and fill balance.

Wherever possible, surplus spoil will be used to fill eroded gullies, quarries and

depressed areas etc.

Top soil will be stored and utilized in farm land.

Remaining excess spoils will be disposed in specified tipping sites in a controlled manner

and the tipping sites will be covered by vegetation through bio-engineering techniques

after surplus material is tipped.

Spoils will not be disposed on fragile slopes, farmland, marshy land, forest areas, natural

drainage path, canals and other infrastructures.

After the disposal, the site will be provided with proper drainage, vegetation and

adequate protection against erosion.

Necessary toe walls and retaining walls will be provided to protect the disposal of soil.

119. Retaining walls are structures designed to restrain soil to unnatural slopes. They are

used to bound soils between two different elevations often in areas of terrain possessing

undesirable slopes or in areas where the landscape needs to be shaped severely and

engineered for more specific purposes like hillside farming or roadway overpasses. Adopted

guidelines for retaining structures are as per DOR. In this project, the types of retaining

structures are Gabion retaining wall, stone masonry retaining wall, Stone masonry Breast

Wall and Stone Masonry Revetment Wall.


120. Spoil disposal management plan will be prepared for the proper disposal of spoils.

Proposed spoil disposal sites are at 5 places at the chainage of 3+500, 15+300, 23+250,

26+300 and 28+500. Suitable materials obtained from excavation will be used for

embankment filling, and backfilling of structures. Despite this, the surplus excavated

materials obtained will be disposed at construction site as required. Wherever possible, the

surplus spoil will be used to fill eroded gullies, quarries and depressed areas. Dry stone toe

walls are required in some locations for disposal of spoils.

Slope Instability and Soil Erosion

121. Removal of vegetation and open cuts with soil exposed to rain will cause soil erosion

as well as landslides. The stability of slopes along the road corridor depends upon slope

angle, the material constituting the slope, rock discontinuities and hydrological conditions.

The likely impact of slope instability and soil erosion is indirect, medium, site specific and

long term in nature. Slope instability and soil erosion prone areas are seen from chainage

3+900-3+950 and 21+680-21+720. Supply and construction of gabion/check/toe wall will be

done for slope protection and dry stone check/toe wall for segmentation and support the

slope. Other construction materials such as GI wire, cement, reinforcement, hume pipes will

be procured from Gorkha Bazar, which about 20 km far from the starting point of proposed

road.

122. Disposal site proposed for the area are at various chainage 1+140, 17+400, 22+000

and 27+700.

123. Retaining wall will be built to protect slopes from landslide and bioengineering will be

adopted for stabilizing them. Following mitigation measures will be adopted during the

construction of the road and the cost has been included in the Sub-project cost:

Ensuring minimum cut slope

Selecting cut and fill slope at the correct angle, depending upon the soil type

Re-vegetation of cut and fill slope or exposed areas as soon as possible, by using native

plant species

Adoption of bio-engineering techniques

Ensuring minimum damage of vegetation during construction

No construction work during rainy season

Mass balancing in cut and fill volume

Use of check dams and toe walls before disposing spoils on hill slopes

Disruption of Surface Water Flow and Drainage (Drainage and cross drainage works

etc.)

124. Roads usually generate large volumes of concentrated surface runoff. The

concentrated water from the road outlet causes erosion and landslide eventually affecting

the stability of the road. The impact will be indirect, site specific and medium term.

125. In order to address this, following mitigation measures will be under taken:

Provide adequate and appropriate numbers of drainage structures in order to have

minimum interference with and impact on natural drainage pattern of the area,

Avoid surface water discharge into farmland or risky locations,


Avoid blockage or diversion of natural channels due to construction of road and disposal

of spoils.

Adopt outward road slope as per green road standard to minimize water accumulation

126. Side drain (covered trapezoidal, Open trapezoidal, open cascade and closed

cascade) Pipe culvert, irrigation crossing, retaining structures like stone masonry wall,

gabion retaining and breast wall as well as earthwork like cutting and filling will be

constructed as per required to mitigate the water induced adverse impacts.

Air Dust, Noise and Water Pollution

127. Although the air quality of the project area is not measured, the air does not appear

to be polluted. However, during construction of road, there is a strong possibility of dust

pollution. The dust emission is likely to be intense along the construction site. This may

affect the local people and workers, as well as agricultural crops. Dust may create nuisance

to markets, schools and health posts. Impact on air quality will be direct, low, local and short

term in nature.

128. The project area at present does not experience high level of noise. However, use of

rock breaker, excavator and rollers may cause air dust and noise pollution to the workers

and people living in nearby areas. The impact of noise will be direct, low, local and short

term in nature.

129. The water quality within the project area is not tested. Nevertheless, quality of water

in the water bodies within the project area appears to be fairly good as they are widely used

by households for drinking purpose. During construction, water bodies may be polluted by

spoil and construction wastes, open defecation in natural streams by construction workers.

The impact will be direct, low, local, short term in nature.


Use of face masks by workers to minimize impact from dust generation.

Plantation of tree along the roadside to act as dust barrier.

Use of ear muffles to lessen noise pollution during rock breaking

Avoiding the disposal of excavated materials in or near water bodies.

Construction of toilets in camp sites.

Impact due to Quarrying

131. Rehabilitation and reconstruction of the road requires boulders and other types of

construction materials. The extraction of materials from inappropriate places or in excessive

amounts can damage the local environment. Quarry sites at the chainage 6+550, 19+800,

21+250 and 27+624. Aggregates will be collected from Daraudi river which is 16 km from

starting point and 13 km from Charkate road. Other construction materials such as GI wire,

cement, reinforcement, hume pipes will be procured from Gorkha Bazar, which is about 20

km from the starting point of proposed road.

132. The potential adverse impacts of quarrying are accelerated erosion, landslides,

disturbance in natural drainage patterns, water logging and water pollution. The likely impact


from the operation of quarry sites will be direct, low in magnitude, local nature and short term

duration.


Quarry operation plan will be prepared. Unstable sites, erosion prone areas, dense forest

areas, settlements and fertile farm land will be avoided for quarry operation.

Stones and boulders will be collected from the environmentally suitable and legally

recognized quarry sites.

After the extraction is completed, the quarry site will be rehabilitated to suit the local

landscape, plantation will be done and drainage will be provided.

Location of Camp Sites

134. Camp is required for the sub-project. However, in contractor package, contactors

need to establish camps for the workers if hired from outside. Sitting of camp may cause

encroachment of forest, agriculture land, and alteration of drainage, solid waste and waste

water problems. Impact will be direct, medium significance, site specific and for short-term.

135. The mitigation measures will be use of local labours; rent local house instead of

camp to keep labours; sitting camp away from productive lands and forest areas; pay

compensation for using private farm or lands for storage or camp. Toilet, water and other

basic facilities will be provided to workers. Waste water and solid waste will be properly

managed. Solid wastes generated from labour camp shall be segregated into biodegradable

and non-biodegradable wastes. Recyclable wastes shall be sold off. Efforts shall be made to

compost biodegradable wastes in small size compost pits by the

Contractor. Non-biodegradable and non-saleable wastes shall be disposed in a

secured and safe location. They shall not be burnt in any case. During this period, labours

staying on the camp need to hire LP gas or electricity for cooking purpose.

Crusher Plants

136. Due to the availability of market at near area, all the things will be procured from

nearest market center and there will be no impact. If crusher plants have to be established, it

should be located away from riverside, schools, colleges, hospitals, security installations,

forests, human settlement, and sites. The impact will be direct, high, local and short term.

137. Measures: the Contractor must submit a detail plan on Quarry Site and Crusher Plant

before establishing the plan should clearly mention technical specification, baseline data,

technical preventive measures to control dust, erosion protection, water pollution prevention

and safety measures. The detail plan should also cover re-instatement plan of quarry site as

well as operation and restoration plan of crusher plant along with all necessary documents of

Agreement with owner, sketches of crusher plant.

Use of Bitumen

138. Impacts: Bitumen is required for black topping which needs heating before using.

Contractors tend to use local fuel wood collected from nearby forest to heat bitumen.

Spillage of bitumen also damage soil productivity. The impact will be direct, high, local and

long term.

139. Measures: The following mitigation measures will be adopted:


Use kerosene for heating and strict prohibition to heat bitumen by using fuel wood.

Appropriate storage of material.

Use of appropriate safety gears to ensure safe health of workers such as masks, boot,

gloves, hat.

Biological Aspects

Loss or Degradation of Forest and Vegetation

140. In total 0.715 ha forest will be affected due to this sub-project. 1,244 trees (18 from

Amdanda CF, 0 from Sisneri CF, 19 from Andheripakha CF, 546 from Tarkedanda CF with

total 583 from all CFs as well as 142 from NF and 519 from private land) need to be cut

down. The impact on vegetation/forest resources have been considered to be high in

magnitude, site specific in extent and long term in duration whereas loss of other forest

resources will be direct, local and long term in magnitude, extent and duration respectively.

141. The following activities are proposed to cut the trees from the forest area during the

road construction.

Forest clearance approval will be obtained from the DFO and MoFSC.

Government procedures such as counting the number of trees to be felled, marking and

measuring wood quantity etc. will be followed.

Forest site clearance for construction will be limited to minimum width of road.

142. According to the Government of Nepal (2071/01/12 BS): Standard for Removing

Government Trees, 2071 BS , the sub-project has to carry out plantation (with protection for

five years) or pay for the plantation and protection cost to the District Forest Office. Total 583

trees need to be cut down from community forest. So, in total 14,575 saplings have to be

planted for compensatory plantation with estimated cost of NRs 2,328,211.00 as given in

Appendix XIIIa. This cost will be provided to CFUGs through DFO. Location and type of

species for the plantation will be selected by the CFUGs/DFO. However, emphasis will be

given to local, multiple use, rare, endangered and protected species. The forest products

from the forest will be used by CFUGs. For National forest 142 trees should be cut down and

the compensation rate is NRs. 567,077.00 as given in Appendix XIIIc Likewise, for the 519

trees to be cut down from the private land, at the ratio of 1:1 trees will be done by the sub-

project and plantation cost will be provided by the sub-project. For the plantation, total

estimated cost is NRs. 34,383.75 as given in Appendix XIIIb. Computation of per plant

plantation cost in private land and compensatory plantation/national forest is given in

Appendix XIIId & e. For the compensatory plantation in CF &NF, compensatory plantation

cost, sample agreement between DFO and DCC/DTO has been attached in Appendix XIIIf.

In total 18,644 saplings, 14,575 in C.F, 519 in Private land and 3,550 in the national forest

will be planted in the road corridor Similarly plantation plan has been given in Appendix

XIIIg.

Impact on Wildlife and Bird Habitat

143. The proposed area is not a significant habitat for wildlife and bird species. However,

the construction of the road may disturb wildlife and bird species present along the road

corridor. The movement of labor, use of construction equipment, and noise during

construction may affect the home range of the fauna. The impact will be indirect, low, local

and short term in nature.



Work only in day time

Prohibit to wildlife harassment and poaching by the workers.

Awareness programme for the construction workers.

Impacts on Flora and Fauna (as listed in CITES and IUCN Red Data Book and

Protected by GoN)

The proposed area is not significant habitat for wildlife and bird species. However, the

construction of road may disturb wildlife and bird species present along the road corridor

due to increased noise level. Some protected wild fauna such as Saal (Shorea robusta),

Badar (Macaca mulatta), Dumsi (Hystrix indica), Kalij (Lophura leucomelanos), Deer

(Muntiacus muntjak), Banbiralo (Felis chaus), Luinche (Gallus gallus), Shyal(Canis aureus),

are in IUCN list. The impact will be indirect, low, local and short term in nature.

145. Following mitigation measures will be adopted:

Workers will be actively prohibited from collecting fuel wood from forest or hunting of

birds or animals.

Coordination with DFO to control the activities like illegal hunting and poaching by

enforcing acts and regulations strictly.

Emphasis will be given to plant protected species during compensatory plantation.

Socio-economic Aspects

Loss or Degradation of Farm Land and Productivity

146. 2.707 Ha agricultural land will be acquired for the sub-project. Moreover, spoil on

farm land will also affect the production of agricultural crops. It is clear that the loss of crops

from the land acquired by the project will have adverse impact on the financial stability of the

affected households who are dependent on the agricultural productivity of their land. The

impact is expected to be direct, high in magnitude, local in extent and of long term in

duration.

147. Mitigation measures will be as follows:

Compensation of NRs. 45,310,682.64 has been allocated for loss of land as per

separate RP (refer Annex Vc for detail)

Compensation for loss of standing crops and temporary use in agriculture land,

Plantation of trees along the both sides of road to act as dust and noise barrier,

Support in agriculture extension to increase productivity.

Impact on Private properties:

148. From the private structure House and pali at the chainage 10+680, 24 houses at the

chainage 2+630, 2+760, 2+768, 2+774, 2+785, 2+830, 2+870, 2+890, 10+700, 10+790,

10+810, 10+810, 10+816, 10+816, 10+821, 10+825, 10+830, 10+831, 10+920, 14+050,

14+190, 15+350, 19+350, 28+590, 6 shed at the chainage 0+020, 0+040, 2+490, 2+610,

2+840, 20+490, 1 toilet at the chainage 2+350, 45 tahara at the chainage 2+390, 2+500,

2+600, 10+625, 10+650, 10+740, 10+745, 10+760, 11+280, 13+690, 13+710, 13+715,


13+718, 14+280, 14+280, 14+360, 15+260, 15+260, 15+265, 15+300, 15+300, 15+320,

15+510, 15+590, 15+598, 15+770, 15+780, 19+320, 19+360, 19+570, 19+580, 19+625,

19+640, 19+680, 20+505, 28+340, 28+560, 28+570, 28+580, 28+620, 28+630, 28+645,

30+385, 30+400, 30+420 should be removed. Detail is given in Appendix XIV.

149. Compensation of NRs. 4,804,175.44 has been allocated as per the resettlement plan

to the affected person for the displacement of houses and other structures (refer Annex Vc

for detail).

Impact on Community Infrastructures:

150. From the Public structure 12 Electric pole at the chainage 0+040, 0+090, 0+120,

0+650, 0+700, 0+750, 2+740-2+950(6 in no.), 5+130, 8+160, 10+096, 10+680, 19+680,

19+660, 20+500, Chautara at the chainage 1+350, 1+390, 2+830, 2+950, 3+180, 3+908,

4+340, 18+900, 20+400, 20+740, 20+490 public building at the chainage 10+600, Water tap

at the chainage 19+320, 30+415, 1 water tank at the chainage 18+540 and Public school

toilet at the chainage 19+280 should be removed. Detail is given in Appendix XIV.

151. For this, following mitigation measures will be adopted:

Rehabilitation of electric poles and rehabilitation and/or compensation of waiting place

will be done in consultation with local community and users as per resettlement plan.

NRs. 21,21,764.73 has been allocated (refer Annex Vc for detail).

Occupational Health, Safety and Sanitation

152. This earthen road is proposed to gravel road for the rehabilitation and reconstruction

due to the devastating earthquake. Thus, during construction the labor are exposed to

different level of risks. The potential impact to health is respiratory and eye diseases due to

the exposure on dust, risk of accident during works. The impacts are direct, low, short term

and local.


The workers will be provided with helmets, masks, muffles and boots depending on the

nature of the construction work.

Drinking water facility and temporary pit latrine will be established to control open

defecation and pollution of water bodies by the workers

First aid box will be kept at work sites.

Group accidental insurance will be done for the workers.

First aid training will be provided to field staff.

Labor camp will have room with proper ventilation and natural light, safe drinkable water,

mosquito net, sanitary facility, and solid waste management.

Kerosene or gas stoves will be supplied to labor camps and use of firewood will be

strictly prohibited.

Cultural invasion and social disputes

Inflow of people from around the surrounding area along the RoW of the proposed road

alignment during the operation stage will bring drastic differentiation on the local culture.

Large number of local people would change their culture and this cultural transformation is


likely to bring conflict in the community. This impact is indirect, low significance, site specific

and medium-term in duration.


Physical Aspects

Road Slope Stability and Management

154. There is possibility of slope instability caused by the opening of branch roads

connecting village settlement with RM/Municipality/DCC funding. Likewise, inadequate

maintenance of the road, blockage of drains and irrigation water may cause slides and slope

failure. The impact will be direct, moderate, local and long term in nature.


Rill and gully formations will be regularly monitored and immediately fixed at critical

areas.

Repair and maintenance of the slope protection measures and drainage works.

Minor landslide and mass wasting will be immediately cleared and slope restored with

appropriate technology (Stone masonry wall/ gabion wall)

Impact due to Air, Noise and Water Pollution

156. During operation period, a number of vehicles will ply along the road and will emit

gaseous pollutants. This will increase the pollution level of ambient air along the road

corridor. Washing of vehicles in natural streams may cause contamination in drinking water

sources. As this road falls under DRCN, the vehicular movement is not expected to be very

high, the overall impact of will be direct, low, local and long term.

157. Following mitigation measures will be adopted:

Community and road user awareness programmes will be organized

Signboards restricting the use of horns will be erected near health posts, schools and

settlements.

Plantation will be done near the settlement around school and health post to act as dust

and noise barrier.

Vehicle washing in natural streams will be discouraged.

Biological Aspects

Depletion of Forest Resource

158. The forest resources depletion may occur due to ineffective drainage works,

inappropriate spoil disposal and construction practices. The development of market centers

may exert pressure on forest and eventually depleting the forest resources. To meet the

increasing needs of the forest products, illegal felling/cutting of poles and trees may occur.

Operation of road may increase in timber smuggling due to easy access and easy

transportation facilities. The impact will be indirect, moderate, local and long term in nature.

159. The pressure on forest resources during road operation is likely to occur. The

mitigation measures recommended are awareness raising programmes to educate local

people and providing support to locals for the conservation of forests.


Disturbance to Wildlife and Illegal Hunting

160. Although the wildlife population is reported low, they may be disturbed due to the

frequent movement of the vehicles. Vehicular flow, horn blowing in the forest area will have

impact on the wildlife and bird species. There may occur illegal hunting during operation

period by the people from market areas due to easy accessibility. The impact will be indirect,

low, local and long term in nature.

161. Following mitigation measures will be adopted to minimize the above-mentioned

impacts:

Appropriate sign boards will be erected informing drivers about:

Prohibition of blowing horns in the dense forest areas.

Potential areas for wildlife crossing.

Maintenance workers will be briefed regularly about the importance of rules and

regulation of DFO in order to make them comply with.

Awareness raising programmes about importance of biodiversity to the local people,

students, and vehicle operators will be conducted.

Fragmentation of Ecosystem

162. The road passess through 5,075m length of 4 CF and 1 NF. The road is already in

operation stage and proposed for rehabilitation only, with the intervention of project, there

will not be ecosystem fragmentation.

163. Therefore, no mitigation measures are proposed.

Socio-economic Aspects

Ribbon Settlement Development

164. Increased opportunities for trade and commerce along the roadside will attract

people to build shops, restaurants, stalls and hotels and may encroach RoW. The impact will

be direct, moderate, local and medium term in nature.

165. The mitigation measures to be adopted include:

Awareness raising programs to regulate settlements

Signboards will be erected notifying about legal prosecution for encroachment within

RoW.

Plantations of trees will be done in the RoW so that it is not encroached

Road Safety Measures

166. Movement of vehicles in the road will invite accidents. Moreover, inadequate

provisions of road safety measures like no provisions of signals and lack of enforcement of

traffic rules during operation period may invite accidents. The impact will be direct, medium,

local and long term in nature.

167. The mitigation measures adopted will be

Applying appropriate road safety measures with the help of 3-Es i.e. Engineering,

Enforcement and Education.


Required safety signs will be used along the road such as schools, wildlife crossing

area.

Awareness program on road safety will be organized for school student

5.4 Climate Change Impacts 168. Climate change is an inevitable fact which needs to be considered for future

planning, construction and maintenance of roads located in hilly and mountainous areas.

The need to limit deterioration effects from adverse weather conditions (e.g. prolonged

precipitation, heat stress, freeze-thaw cycle) and damages consequences in case of extreme

events (e.g. embankment failure) is a key factor influencing construction designs Weather

contribution to the ordinary wear & tear of infrastructure and weather disaster risks are

indeed intrinsic parameters for transport system design. Transport conditions are also highly

affected by extreme weather events such as winter storms, ice, and heavy rainfalls.

169. In general, transport can be vulnerable to many different types of weather conditions,

of which, some of them could be exacerbated with climate change. Many of them relate to

extreme weather conditions (e.g. storms, extreme precipitations, and extreme temperatures)

which on their turn may result in severe consequences for the physical environment (e.g.

Floods, landslides, soil erosion) and represent risks for transport infrastructures and

operations.

170. Based on field survey, the study started with an exhaustive list of potential future

impacts for transport (infrastructures/activities), linked to key weather stressors. All modes

and components of the transport system (infrastructures, transport fleet, transportation

operation and transport users) will, to a certain degree, be affected by extreme weather

events. Some of such extreme weather conditions could be exacerbated under future

climate change, thus increasing risks for transport and negatively affecting transport

performance (safety, reliability, cost efficiency). Only few of the potential consequences

could reveal positive (e.g. higher winter temperatures) for more detail refer Table 17 and

Appendix II.

Table 17: Types of Climate Change Impacts, Possible consequences for Transport

and Insight from Climate Change Scenarios on Regions Affected and Associated

Level of Confidence.

Climate

impact Projected Trends and Magnitude

Overview of Potential Impact

onTtransport System

Increased

summer

temperature

Increase in frequency, intensity

Increase in inter-annual

variability and changes in cold and

warm extremes larger and faster

than

the corresponding changes in

mean.

Asphalt rutting

Thermal expansion of bridges

overheating of diesel engine

Increased

Winter

Temperatures

Reducing constraints for road

maintenance,

Change construction seasons

Increased In summer, the region would Flooding of land transport


Climate

impact Projected Trends and Magnitude

Overview of Potential Impact

onTtransport System

Precipitation

and

flooding

experience increased precipitations

amount but decrease rainfall

days. Trends would be inconsistent.

Winter seasons: The regions would

experience less

precipitation.

infrastructures,

wet pavements and safety risks.

Embankment collapse,

More frequent landslides and

associated risks.

Extreme

winds Expected extreme wind speeds

Damage to infrastructure on

roads, pipelines, road signs

Disturbance to transport

electronic infrastructures,

signalling, etc.

Temperature and rainfall: Most of the respondents of the zone of influence felt that both

summer and winter temperature is increasing remarkably since last decades. People have

noticed that the rainfall days are decreased in last 8-10 years, however amount rainfall is

IEE of Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and

Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha almost the same. It means both drought and cloud burst

scenarios are increasing nowadays due to erratic rainfall.

Flash floods, as associated with heavy rainfalls (in case of thunderstorms for instance) are

expected to become more frequent in this region. There is only one stream named Hudi

khola. So, it might affect the road during the rainy season.

Landslides and soil erosion are the consequences of multi-factors, including soil

moisture

– as influenced by rainfalls intensity, soil types and slopes. Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi

Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road lies in the hilly region. So, there is possibility of

flood, landslides and soil erosion.

133. Following climate change adaptation measures will be considered during the

construction and operation of the road:

Likely local effects of climate change will be assessed through observation and

regular monitoring of drainage system, erosion etc.

Adequate and timely maintenance and early warning system will be done.

Awareness raising activities will be conducted about climate change issues and

adaptation and mitigation measures.

No tree or vegetation will be removed unless absolutely necessary to reduce

deforestation and compensatory plantation will be done to cut carbon per capita

emissions

5.5 Cumulative Impact 171. Cumulative impact is the impact caused due to the natural calamity (earthquake) and

its aftershocks for a long period. Some of the impact caused by the devastating earthquake

and its aftershocks are as follows:


Landscape patterns

Water quality and quantity

Air quality

Transportation patterns

Noise level

Visual character

Damage houses due to earthquake and construction of road

Expansion of the cracks

Soil erosion

172. There are no other projects which will cause significant impacts in the surrounding of

Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road sub-project in Gorkha

district. However following cumulative impacts may arise due to the construction of this road

Sub-project:

Beneficial Impacts

173. There will be increase in number of immigrants, due to various infrastructure facilities

such as employment generation during road construction. The availability of the road can

enhance the business, market and other infrastructural developments.

174. Construction of road will enhance the access of people by reducing travel time and

costs as well as quick transportation of goods. Various farm based enterprises, including a

wide range of agricultural and livestock products, will also gain momentum as a result of

transportation facilities. Vegetables, fruits, cash crops, sale of farm, fruit and livestock

products will be increased in almost all the settlements along the road corridor. Similarly,

there will be diversification in occupational pattern of local people, who are till now mainly

dependent on subsistence farming. This will lessen pressure on local natural resources.

175. Due to an increase in employment opportunities, trade, business and agricultural

income, money will be channelled into the local economy. This will increase income level of

the individual household and the local community. It is possible that some money may be

spent by the individual for community development activities such as education, school,

health and sanitation services.

Adverse Impacts

176. Fresh cuts also invite landslides and erosion, particularly during monsoon. The

common likely problems from inappropriate disposal of spoils are gullying and erosion of

spoil tips especially when combined with unmanaged surface water runoff, damage to farm

lands and crops as well as property at downhill. The concentrated water from the road outlet

causes erosion and landslide eventually affecting the stability of the road.

177. This sub-project passes through four community forests. Minimum vegetation loss

from the forests during construction of the road will be considered. Increase in vehicular

movement will further affect the movements of wildlife. Felling of trees, further change in

land use due to potential trading opportunity and increased number of vehicles will lead to

high GHGs emission as well as low carbon sequestration. Similarly change in land use might

accelerate soil erosion.


178. Loss of private properties, crops and trees from the land acquired by the project will

have adverse impact on the financial stability of the affected households. Increased

opportunities for trade and commerce along the roadside will attract people to build shops,

restaurants, stalls and hotels and may encroach RoW. Movement of vehicles in the road

may invite accidents. Also pollution might increase with vehicular movement. The socio –

economic aspect might disappear slowly. The aftershock of the devastating earthquake may

affect the stability of the road and might collapse the built up road.


6 Analysis of Alternatives 179. Alternative analysis has been considered as an integral part of IEE study, which

involves an examination of alternative ways of achieving objectives of the proposed sub-

project. The aim of alternative analysis is to reach at a development option, which maximizes

the benefits while minimizing the adverse impacts. The various alternatives to achieve the

sub-project objectives with minimum environmental degradation are discussed in following

sub-sections:

6.1 No Action Alternative 180. This alternative does not allow for the implementation of the Proposal. This

alternative has both beneficial and adverse impacts on the environment. If the proposal is

not implemented, the transportation time and cost for the local people to the district

headquarter and markets and vice versa will continue to remain at present rate and hardship

of people will continue. The no action option will conserve some of the environmental

adverse impacts at the cost of poverty and in accessibility of the people.

6.2 Proposal Alternatives 181. Then Gorkha DCC has selected Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung -

Bhachek Road sub-project as it provides access to north east part of district.

6.3 Alternative Alignment 182. This is an existing track and the only route to connect Luitel gaun with Bhachek.

Therefore, other alternative alignment has not been surveyed.

6.4 Alternative Design and Construction Approach 183. The road sub-project is proposed for construction through NBC approach by using

contractor and spoil disposal is balanced with cutting and filling as far as possible. There will

be minimum use of excavator, rock breaker, compacter, roller and truck for road

construction. Simple dry stone walls, gabion walls and stone causeways are used to the

maximum extent possible.

6.5 Alternative Schedule and Process 184. During the rainy season, construction work is stopped to allow the natural

compaction of the road. The road construction work will be carried out during the remaining

months.

6.6 Alternative Resources 185. The physical resources consumed during the construction of the road will mainly

include boulders for gabions and stones for dry stone masonry and gabion walls. The

proposed construction will optimally use the local materials.


7 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure 7.1 Public Consultation 186. In order to ensure public involvement, the following procedures were followed during

IEE report preparation:

Publication of notice- a 15 days public notice was published on 2072/12/18 B.S.

(31/03/2016 A.D) in Himalaya Times, a national Nepali daily newspaper, (see Appendix

VI) seeking written opinion from concerned municipality, then VDCs, then DDC, schools,

health posts and related local organizations. A copy of the public notice was also affixed

in the above mentioned organizations and a deed of enquiry (muchulka) was collected

(see Appendix VII for deed of inquiry). Recommendation letters were also obtained from

municipality, then VDCs and CFUGs as given in Appendix VIII.

The IEE team carried out interactions with local communities and related stakeholders

during the field survey to collect public concerns and suggestions. Moreover, focus group

discussions were conducted to collect and solicit information regarding the bio-physical,

socio-economic and cultural aspects of Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung -

Bhachek road sub-project. A summary of meeting minutes with local people is given in

Table 18, and the meeting minutes are in Appendix IX.

.

Table 18: Summary of Meeting Minutes

SN Date

Place for

Public

Meeting

No. of

Participants Issues and Decisions of Meeting

Male Female

1 2073/01/05 BS

2016/04/17 AD

Bhachek

Bazar 53 15

Road should be 15 from the centre on

both side mainly in Bhachek bazaar.

Proper drainage system should be built

on both side of the road.

Employment for the local people.

Less environmental pollution.

Drinking water is the major problem so

this should be addressed to the concern place

and peoples.

Two major temples on the Bhachek

bazaar should be preserved during road

construction.

This is the tourism place so the road

should be blacktopped up to the army camp

gate also up to Ajirkot as it is tourism place for

scenic view.

Road construction will develop the

agricultural import and export.

The farmers of this place are involved in

the production of cash crops like coffee,

aalainchi to uplift their economic condition. So,

the construction of the road may help them to


SN Date

Place for

Public

Meeting

No. of


Male Female

increase their economic condition.

2 2073/01/05 BS

2016/04/17 AD Balekhu 11 10

Road should be wide and sustainable

and should be built as soon as possible before

rainy season.

3 2073/01/06 BS

2016/04/18 AD Dharapani 18 14

Employment for the local people.



Technical support for the development of

religious aspect of Himalaya organization for

gumba.

Employment for the local people as per

the qualification and capacity.

Temporary police station to be converted

to permanent with its own building.

For women empowerment there should

be skilful training facilities for women.

Proper evaluation & compensation to the

affected people.

For women health post facility is required.

4 2073/01/06 BS

2016/04/18 AD Chisapani 13 12

Road should be built with proper drainage

system.






affected people.

5 2073/01/07 BS

2016/04/19 AD

Chipleti

Bazar 10 16

Proper management for the blacktop

road.



rainy season.

Road width should be equal on both

sides from the center of road.


affected people and the physical structures.

6 2073/01/07 BS

2016/04/19 AD Chilaune 6 6

Maintenance and rehabilitation of

affected water pipe and electrical pole.




affected people.


SN Date

Place for

Public

Meeting

No. of


Male Female

7 2073/01/08 BS

2016/04/20 AD Thalajung 14 9

Road should be wide and blacktopped

with proper drainage system.

Road should be built with less turnings

and possibly be straight.



Women employment opportunity should

be provided.

There should be development of rural

road access to jamune village of then Thalajung

VDC.

8 2073/01/08 BS

2016/04/20 AD Tallopam 13 2




the qualification and capacity

9 2073/01/09 BS

2016/04/21AD

Chitta

pokhari

8 18

Maintenance and rehabilitation of

affected water pipe, and electric poles.


the qualification, skill and capacity.

Road wider than 6.25 m would be better

with proper drainage system on both sides.

Road should be sustainably blacktopped.

Proper cutting of turnings for the

development of road.

There should be culvert along with the

poly pipes.

Affecting trees for the vehicular

movement should be cut down.

10 2073/01/09 BS

2016/04/21AD Bhalumare 15 10

Road should be sustainably blacktopped

otherwise public health problem will arise.



Employment opportunities should be

given poor and local peoples.

CF, temples, monuments, schools,

ponds, parks, government office etc. are to be

conserved and plantation of medicinal plants

and fruits should be done.

There should be mutual co-ordination

with CFUGs of Tarkedanda CF.

11 2073/01/10 BS

2016/04/22 AD

Thumki

Gaun

10 15





SN Date

Place for

Public

Meeting

No. of


Male Female

affected people and the physical structures.

Awareness programme about the

importance of road development.


the qualification, skill and capacity with the use

of local resources and materials.

12 2073/01/10 BS

2016/04/22 AD

Thaneshw

ora 10 13

Road should be sustainable with proper

drainage system.


affected people as they have less properties.



For women empowerment there should

be skilful training facilities for women.

Dalit community should be given

employment opportunities.

There is scarcity of water and the children

are malnutrients so these problems are to be

addressed.

13 2073/01/05 BS

2016/04/17 AD

Harmi

Bhanjyang 20 13

Road should be sustainable and should

be built as soon as possible.


the qualification, skill and capacity

Physical structures on the road corridor

which will be removed during construction

should be given proper compensation.

Dalit community should be provided

opportunity of employment for living their life.

Awareness programme about women

empowerment and cleanliness should be

provided.

Awareness programme about

environment cleanliness should be provided.

14 2073/01/11 BS

2016/04/23 AD Aappipal 17 9

Physical structures on the road corridor

which will be removed during construction

should be given proper compensation with

proper evaluation without any argues and

discrimination.



rainy season

15 2073/01/11 BS

2016/04/23 AD Baddanda 32 24

There should be formation of local

development committee before starting the


SN Date

Place for

Public

Meeting

No. of


Male Female

work.

Drainage should be made in proper

place.

There should be zebra crossing as per

requirement.

Construction of retaining walls on the

settlement areas.

Plantation should be done along road

corridor.


affected people.

Awareness about the road safety and

preservation of road should be done. (Source: Field survey, 2016)

7.2 Information disclosure 187. A draft IEE report along with the executive summary, identified impacts,

recommended mitigation measures and the EMP has been prepared and distributed to the

stakeholders and the concerned municipality, then VDCs for public disclosure. The draft IEE

report will also be kept in information centre of DCC Gorkha for public disclosure.

Information was also disseminated through person to person contacts, interviews and group

discussions. The approved IEE report will be accessible to interested parties and the general

public through the information centre of Gorkha DCC and websites of EEAP. The following

offices will get the approved IEE report:

1. District Coordination Committee, Gorkha

2. District Technical Office, Gorkha

3. Palungtar municipality, Gorkha

4. Then Harmi VDC, Gorkha

5. Then Thalajung VDC, Gorkha

6. Then Choprak VDC, Gorkha

7. Then Harmi Bhanjyang VDC, Gorkha

8. Then Jaubari VDC, Gorkha

9. National Reconstruction Authority

10. Asian Development Bank, Nepal Resident Mission

11. Central Level Project Implementation Unit – Earthquake Emergency Assistance project.

7.3 Consultation with Stakeholder to Implement EMP

188. Consultation with stakeholder is important part for implementing EMP. Consultation

with local NGOs, schools, local bodies and local people is important to organize different

awareness training, carrying waste management activities, carrying roadside plantation

activities. The DSC will support DLPIU in organizing different consultation meeting during/for

EMP implementation in coordination with CISC and CLPIU.


8 Grievance Redress Mechanism

189. The objective the grievance redress mechanism (GRM) is to resolve complaints as

quickly as possible and at the local level through a process of conciliation; and, if that is not

possible, to provide clear and transparent procedures for appeal. A well-defined grievance

redress and resolution mechanism will be established to resolve grievances and complaints

in a timely and satisfactory manner. All affected persons will be made fully aware of their

rights, and the detailed grievance redress procedures will be publicized through an effective

public information campaign. The grievance redress process includes four levels:

190. First level of GRM: The first level and most accessible and immediate contact for

the fastest resolve of grievances are the contractors, and design and supervision consultants

on site. Prior to construction of any works, the CLPIU and DLPIU will ensure local

community meetings are held to notify local residents and businesses of any temporary

disturbances, and to inform them of the Project. If a local area committee (LAC) exists in the

area, they should also be informed. If any complaints arise, the contractors, consultants, and

DLPIU can immediately resolve the complaint on site. The CLPIU can also be involved in

grievance redress at this stage. The CLPIU and DLPIU office phone number will be posted

in public areas within the sub-project areas and construction sites. Any person with a

grievance related to the project works can contact the project to file a complaint. The DLPIU

offices will have a safeguards focal person to field and resolve complaints. The safeguards

(environment and resettlement) focal person will document the complaint, and immediately

address and resolve the issue with the contractor within 1-2 days, if the complaint remains

unresolved at the field level. The DLPIU may seek the assistance of the consultant

safeguards specialists (the environmental specialist or social safeguards specialist) to

resolve the issue. The DLPIU safeguards focal person will notify the CLPIU safeguards focal

person that a complaint was received, and whether it was resolved. The DLPIU safeguards

focal person will fully document the following information: (i) name of the person; (ii) date

complaint was received; (iii) nature of complaint; (iv) location, and (v) how the complaint was

resolved.

191. Second level of GRM: If the grievance remains unresolved; the DLPIU will forward

the complaint to the CLPIU safeguards focal person. The person filing the grievance will be

notified by DLPIU safeguards focal person that the grievance was forwarded to the CLPIU

safeguards focal person. The CLPIU will address the grievance. Grievances will be resolved

through continuous interactions with affected persons, and the CLPIU will answer queries

and resolve grievances regarding various issues including environmental or social impacts.

Corrective measures will be under taken at the field level by the CLPIU safeguards focal

person within 7 days. He/she will fully document the following information: (i) name of the

person; (ii) date complaint was received; (iii) nature of complaint; (iv) location and (v) how

the complaint was resolved.

192. Third level of GRM: If the grievance remain unresolved, the CLPIU’s project director will activate the third level of the GRM by referring the issue (with written documentation) to

a Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) constituted by the EA, which will, based on review

of the grievances, address them in consultation with the PMU, CLPIU, DLPIU, and affected

persons. The GRC will consist of PMU leadership, affected persons, and local area

committee, among others—determined to provide impartial, balanced views on any issues.


The GRC should consist of at least five persons. A hearing will be called with the GRC, if

necessary, where the affected person can present his/her concern and issues. The process

will promote conflict resolution through mediation. The GRC will meet as necessary when

there are grievances to be addressed. The GRC will suggest corrective measures at the field

level and assign clear responsibilities for implementing its decision within 15 days. The

functions of the GRC are as follows: (i) to provide support to affected persons on problems

arising from environmental or social disruption, asset acquisition (where required), and

eligibility for entitlements compensation, and assistance; (ii) to record grievances of affected

persons, categorize and prioritize them, and provide solutions within 15 days; and (iii) to

report to the aggrieved parties developments regarding their grievances and decisions of the

GRC. The PMU safeguards focal person will be responsible for processing and placing all

papers before the GRC, recording decisions, issuing minutes of the meetings, and taking

follow-up action to see that formal orders are issued and the decisions carried out.

193. Fourth level of GRM: In the event that a grievance is not addressed by the

contractor, DISC, CLPIU, DLPIU or GRC, the affected person can seek legal redress of the

grievance in the appropriate courts, the fourth level of the GRM, which is the formal legal

court system. The GRM however does not prevent affected persons from seeking legal

redress at any time. The grievance redress mechanism and procedure is depicted in Figure

11 below.

Note: CLPIU- Central Level Project Implementation unit, DLPIU- District Level Implementation Unit,

DSC- Design and Supervision Consultant, CISC- Central Implementation Support Consultant, DISC- District Implementation

Support Consultant

Figure 11: Flow Diagram for Grievance Redress Mechanism

Grievance

2ndLevel Grievance

3rdLevel Grievance

1st Level Grievance

First Level: Contractor,

DISC, DLPIU

CLPIU, CISC

4thLevel Grievance

Grievance Redressed Committee

Grievance Redressed

Grievance Redressed

Grievance Redressed

Higher Authority/Court

of Law

Not redressed

Not redressed

Not redressed

1-2 days

7 days

15 days


194. Safeguard monitoring reports will include the following aspects pertaining to progress

on grievances: (i) number of cases registered with the GRC, level of jurisdiction (first,

second, and third levels), number of hearings held, decisions made, and the status of

pending cases; and (ii) lists of cases in process and already decided upon may be prepared

with details such as affected person, date of notice, date of application, date of hearing,

decisions, remarks, actions taken to resolve issues, and status of grievance (i.e. open,

closed, pending).

195. All costs involved in resolving the complaints (meetings, consultations,

communication and reporting / information dissemination) will be borne by the PMU.

196. ADB’s accountability mechanism will also be explained to affected households.


9 Environmental Management Plan 197. The environmental management plan (EMP) is prepared to guide the implementation

of mitigation measures and monitoring requirements. It includes institutions and their roles,

environmental management activities, environmental management organizational structure

and budget for mitigation measures.

9.1 Institutions and Their Roles 198. Different institutions involved in the IEEs and EMP implementation and roles of these

institutions are given in Table 19. The environmental management organizational structure

is given in Figure 12.

Table 19: Institutions and their Roles

Institution Role Responsibility in the Project

National

Reconstruction

Authority

Executive agency and

concerned IEE approval

authority as per Act relating

to reconstruction of

Earthquake affected

structure/ Rule relating to

reconstruction of Earthquake

affected structure.

To review and approve IEE

Report

Conduct environmental

monitoring from central level.

MoFALD Co-ordination of project

activities with EEAP Representation in IEE review

team constituted by NRA

Conduct environmental

monitoring from district level.

CLPIU - EEAP Co-ordination of project

activities from center Technical Unit to support and

coordinate all activities for

implementation of EEAP.

Review, comment and forward

ToR for IEE and IEE report to

ADB for concurrence and to NRA

for approval.

SPV (Executing

Agency), Project

Management

Office/Ministry of

Finance (interim)

As Project EA, manages

overall project

implementation and

monitoring.

Coordinates with ADB and

other agencies for smooth

project implementation.

Monitors and ensures the

compliance of covenants,

including submission of audited

project

financial statements.

Recruits pool of consultants for

PMU and procures

equipment and vehicles, if

necessary, for PMU.

Updates procurement plan and

monitors the procurement

process.

Guides, supports and monitors

PIUs and field



offices in implementing sub-

projects in respective

project districts.

Communicates with ADB on

project progress and

any issues that may arise.

Maintains project documents,

consolidates reports

from PIUs and submits to ADB

(as outlined in the

PAM).

Opens and manages project

account for

Government funds.

Consolidates accounts and

submits all audited

project financial statements

pertaining to the

project to ADB within 9 months of

the end of the

fiscal year.

CISC Support consultant at Central

Level. Technical and management

support to CLPIU-EEAP

Supervises and monitors project

consultants and contractors.

Implements and monitor

resettlement plans and

IEEs for the relevant subprojects

and prepares consolidated

reports on these.

Ensures timely and effective

implementation of the

activities set out in the Gender

Equality and Social Inclusion

(GESI) Action Plan.

Prepares progress reports, as

outlined in PAM, for

submission to PMU.

District

Coordination

Committee

DCC is Project implementing

agency in district Implement IEE and EMP of sub-

projects and conduct

environmental monitoring and

reporting.

District Technical

Office

Project implementation office

working directly under DCC Responsible for overall activities

related to implementation of the

works at field level.

District Supporting DCC on Assist DCC in environmental



Environment and

Energy Section

environment and energy

issues

safeguard issues

Represent DCC in Grievance

Redress Committee

District Level

Project

Implementation

Unit

Supporting consultants at

district level Technical and management

support to DTO/DCC for the

implementation of project

activities in the districts.

Responsible for supervision and

monitoring at field level.

Safeguard Desk Supporting unit for

safeguards at district level.

Safeguard desk coordinator

will work as focal person for

Safeguard desk. The

safeguard desk has been

established in DCC, Gorkha

comprising environment and

social safeguard personnel

has been assigned as

coordinator of the safeguard

desk.

The desk will conduct regular

monitoring of EMP compliance

and record them. The safeguard

desk will organize monthly

safeguard meeting which will be

participated by all technical,

environment and social team of

the district project office. The

safeguard desk will maintain

minutes of meeting of each

safeguard meeting and through

DTO will report all the safeguard

matters along with copy of the

minutes to the EEAP.

Responsible for supervising,

coordinating, networking,

monitoring and reporting

environmental safeguard

compliances.

Grievance

Redress

Committee

Support in addressing

grievances caused due to

road construction related to

environment.

Responsible for addressing

grievances due to road

construction which affects their

livelihood.

Project Steering

Committee

Provides overarching

guidance and policy level

support to the project.

Monitors and reviews project

performance at an

inter-ministerial level and

addresses key policy

related issues.

Ensures collaboration and

cooperation among

central level agencies.

199. To support for smooth implementation of the project, there are various district level

committees and groups including DLPIU, DISC to support the project.


Figure 12: Environmental Management Organisation Structure

9.2 Implementation of Benefit Augmentation and Mitigation Measures 200. The DCC/DTO will be responsible for the implementation of benefit augmentation

and mitigation measures proposed in Chapter 5. Various agencies including CLPIU, local

bodies and concerned governmental line agencies will support DCC/DTO for the

implementation of mitigation measures. The detail action plan for activities to be carried out

to augment beneficial impacts and reduce/mitigate adverse impact produced from the

implementation of the proposal, and the responsible implementing and supporting agencies

are provided in environmental management plan is presented in Tables 20 and 21.

CLPIU-EEAP Environment safeguard focal

person

CISC Environment Safeguard Unit

(Environment Specialist)

DFO/CFUG

Safeguard Desk Environment +

Resettlement + Social

DLPIU LDO CDE Engineers Accountant

DISC

Contractor

Government of Nepal

National Reconstruction Authority (NRA)

Ministry of Federal Affairs & Local Development/ PCC

ADB, SDC


Table 20: Likely Beneficial Impacts and Enhancement Measures

Activity Effect

Related

Beneficial

Impacts

Type of Impact Benefit

Augmentation

Measures

Responsible Agencies

Nat Mag Ext Dur Significance Executing

Agency

Supporting

Agency

Construction and Operation Stage

Construction of

road (Earth

excavation,

spoil disposal,

site clearance)

Employment

Generation and

increase in income

level

Increase in income

level

D

H

(60)

LC

(20)

ST

(5)

VS

(85)

Life skill training for

income generation

activities to improve

their livelihood.

DCC/ DL-PIU CL-PIU/ DISC/

CISC

Construction of

road & on the

job trainings

Awareness

Enhancement

Increase in income

generating

activities,

employment

opportunities

IN

M

(20)

LC

(20)

LT

(20)

S

(60)

Training in road

construction, soft

engineering

structures and

bioengineering

works.


CISC

Construction

work & on the

job trainings

Enterprise

Development and

Business

Promotion

Enhancement in

local economy D

L

(10)

LC

(20)

ST

(5)

INS

(35)

No benefit

augmentation

planned


CISC

Construction

work & on the

job trainings

Rent from the land

acquired

temporarily during

construction

Source of income

for short time

period

IN

M

(20)

LC

(20)

LT

(20)

S

(60)

No benefit

augmentation

planned


CISC

Construction

work & on the

job trainings

Women

Empowerment

Empower the

women IN

H

(60)

LC

(20)

LT

(20)

VS

(100)

No benefit

augmentation

planned

DCC / DL-

PIU/NGO

CL-PIU/ DISC/

CISC

Operation of Improvement in Saving in travel D H R LT VS Proper RM/Municipality DCC/DTO


Activity Effect

Related

Beneficial

Impacts

Type of Impact Benefit

Augmentation

Measures

Responsible Agencies

Nat Mag Ext Dur Significance Executing

Agency

Supporting

Agency

Road Accessibility and

Saving of Time and

Transportation Cost

time and travel

cost

(60) (60) (20) (140) maintenance

(regular,

emergency),

continuation of

bioengineering

activities

Operation of

Road

Access to Inputs

and Services

Improvement in

local condition D

H

(60)

R

(60)

LT

(20)

VS

(140)

No benefit

augmentation

planned

RM/Municipality

NGO/CBO DCC/DTO

Operation of

Road

Increase in Trade,

Commerce and

Development of

Market centers

Shifts towards

improved

commercial

agriculture and

increase in non-

agricultural

occupation

IN L

(10)

LC

(20)

LT

(20)

S

(50)

No benefit

augmentation

planned

RM/Municipality DCC/DTO

Operation of

Road

Appreciation of

Land Value

Improvement in

local economic

condition

IN H

(60)

LC

(20)

LT

(20)

VS

(100)

No benefit

augmentation

planned

RM/Municipality DTO/CDO/

DCC

Operation of

Road

Increased Crop

Productivity and

Sale of Farm

Products

Enhancement in

local economy IN

H

(60)

LC

(20)

LT

(20)

VS

(100)

No benefit

augmentation

planned.

RM/Municipality DADO/ DTO/

DCC


Table 21 : Likely Adverse Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures

Activity Potential Negative Effects

Related Adverse Impacts

Type of Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility for Mitigation Measure

Nat Mag Ext Dur

significance

Executing Agency

Supporting Agency

Construction Stage


Earth Excavation

Change in land use of 2.707 ha cultivated land

Loss of agricultural land, production, loss of property

D H (60)

LC (20)

LT (20)

VS (100)

Applying additional protective measures that the remaining land will not be lost due to erosion. The sites will be stabilized with bio-engineering technologies

Contractor/ DLPIU

CLPIU/DCC

Spoil Disposal

Spoil disposal and imposed weight of spoil on fragile slopes at the chainage 3+500, 15+300, 23+250, 26+300 and 28+500.

Gully erosion, landslide, disruption of road, damage to farmland, water pollution etc.

D M (20)

SS (10)

LT (20)

S (50)

Seperation and utilization of top soil and proper management of spoils and waste, provision of proper drainages, toe walls.

Contractor CLPIU/DCC/DLPIU

Site clearance, earth excavation

Slope Instability at the chainage 3+900-3+950, 21+680-21+720

Erosion, landslide, loss of property

IN M (20)

SS (10)

LT (20)

S (50)

Bio-engineering application will be used to stabilize the slopes. Necessary slope stabilization structures will be constructed

DLPIU/ Contractor

CLPIU/DCC/CISC/ DISC

Construction of Road

Water management, generation of large volume of surface runoff

Erosion, landslide, damage to farmland

IN M (20)

SS (10)

MT (10)

INS (40)

Proper drainage structures (causeways) will be constructed. No blockage

Contractor DCC/DTO/DLPIU/ DISC





Nat Mag Ext Dur

significance

Executing Agency

Supporting Agency

or diversion of natural channels due to construction of road and spoil disposal.

Construction works, spoil and waste disposal

Air pollution due to dust from exposed surface, from construction equipment

Effect on local people and workers health and effect on agriculture

D L (10)

LC (20)

ST (5)

INS (35)

Use of face mask while working on dust prone areas, covering of dust sources.

Contractor DLPIU/ DISC

Noise pollution Disturbance and annoyance around school, health posts.

D L (10)

LC (20)

ST (5)

INS (35)

Restrict horn near school, health posts etc.

Contractor DLPIU/ DISC

Water pollution due to sediment level

Risk of water borne diseases

D L (10)

LC (20)

ST (5)

INS (35)

Proper spoil management and restriction in urination and defecation in open areas and water bodies.

Contractor DCC/ DLPIU/ DISC

Quarrying Quarry operation and its potential effect on instability. Quarry site at the chainage 6+550, 19+800, 21+250 and 27+624.

Water pollution, damage to farmland, disturbance in natural drainage

D L (10)

LC (20)

ST (5)

INS (35)

Proper selection and management of quarry sites, construction of quarry sites after completion of work.

DCC/DTO/DLPIU/Contractor

CLPIU/DISC

Establish labor camp

Pollution and impact due to location of camp sites

Encroachment of forest, agriculture land, solid waste, and waste water may cause pollution

D M (20)

SS (10)

ST (5)

INS (35)

Camp site will be located away from productive land.

Contractor DLPIU/DISC





Nat Mag Ext Dur

significance

Executing Agency

Supporting Agency

Construction works, operation of construction vehicles, material hauling and unloading etc. slope cutting, spoil and waste disposal

Air pollution due to dust from exposed surface, from construction equipment and vehicles

Effect on local people and workers health and effect on agriculture

D L (10)

LC (20)

ST (5)

INS (35)

Use of face mask while working on dust prone areas, covering of dust sources.


Construction of Road

Use of Bitumen Damage in soil productivity, air pollution dude to heating of bitumen

D H (60)

LC (20)

LT (20)

VS (100)

Use kerosene for heating and strict prohibition on firewood uses, safety gears to workers (Such as gloves, boots, masks etc.), appropriate storage of materials.


Operation of construction equipment

Construction machineries and tools (Rollers, tippers, spreader, water tanker etc.)

Air pollution due to emission of smoke, increase in vibration and noise pollution

D H (60)

SS (10)

ST (5)

VS (75)

Equipment/vehicles deployed for construction activities shall be regularly maintained. All the vehicles deployed for material movement shall be spill proof to the extent possible.

Contractor

DLPIU/DISC


Clearance of Loss or Degradation of Loss of D L LC LT S Forestry clearance will be CFUGs/ DFO//DISC/CLPIU/





Nat Mag Ext Dur

significance

Executing Agency

Supporting Agency

vegetation necessary for road formation

0.715 ha Forests and 1,244 plant Vegetation-

environmental benefits from vegetation, disturbance in ecological function

(10) (20) (20)

(50) obtained from the DFO and tree cutting will be minimized to formation width. Compensatory plantation of trees will be done.

DLPIU CISC

Construction activity

Impact on wildlife including birds

Disturbance to wildlife including birds

IN L (10)

LC (20)

ST (5)

INS (35)

Work only in day time; no disturbance to wildlife, awareness programme for workers.

Contractor/DLPIU

DFO/CFUGs/ DISC/ CISC


Impact on Flora and Fauna.

Loss of biodiversity

IN L (10)

LC (20)

ST (5)

INS (35)

Minimum site clearance, prohibiting workers for hunting/harassing wildlife

Contractor DFO/ DLPIU /CFUGs/DISC

Socioeconomic Environment

Acquisition of land for maintaining road width

Loss or Degradation of 2.707 ha agricultural Land and Productivity

Reduced production, loss of income

D H (60)

LC (20)

LT (20)

VS (100)

Minimize productive land acquisition through selection, compensation to affected people

DCC/DTO/DLPIU

CDC6/DISC CLPIU

Demolition of structures along road

From Private Structure House and pali at the chainage 10+680, 24 houses at the chainage 2+630, 2+760, 2+768, 2+774, 2+785, 2+830,

Loss of services provided by these structures

D H (60)

SS (10)

ST (5)

S (75)

Compensation for affected private structures and Rehabilitation of public infrastructure will be done according to the Resettlement Plan.

DCC/ DLPIU

CDC/ DISC / CLPIU /RM/municipality

6The Land Acquisition Guidelines, 1991 specify the establishment of an Acquisition and Construction Committee (also known as Compensation

Determination Committee, “CDC”) for fixing the rate of compensation of private properties to be acquired, consisting of the concerned Chief District Officer (Chair), Land Revenue Officer, representative of the DDC and the Project Manager and others as deemed necessary.





Nat Mag Ext Dur

significance

Executing Agency

Supporting Agency

2+870, 2+890, ,10+700,10+790, 10+810,10+810,10+816, 10+816,10+821,10+825, 10+830,10+831, 0+920, 14+050,14+190,15+350, 19+350, 28+590, 6 shed at the chainage 0+020, 0+040, 2+490, 2+610, 2+840, 20+490, 1 toilet at the chainage 2+350, 45 tahara at the chainage 2+390, 2+500, 2+600, 10+625, 10+650, 10+740,10+745,10+760,11+280,13+690,13+710, 13+715,13+718,14+280, 14+280,14+360,15+260,15+260,15+265,15+300, 15+300,15+320,15+510,15+590,15+598,15+770,15+780,19+320,19+360,19+570,19+580,19+625,19+640,19+680,20+505,28+340,28+560,28+570,28+580,28+620,28+63028+645,30+385,30+400, 30+420 should be removed. From the Public structure 12





Nat Mag Ext Dur

significance

Executing Agency

Supporting Agency

Electric pole at the chainage 0+040, 0+090, 0+120, 0+650, 0+700, 0+750, 2+740-2+950(6 in no.), 5+130, 8+160, 10+096, 10+680, 19+680,19+660,20+500, Chautara at the chainage 1+350, 1+390, 2+830, 2+950, 3+180, 3+908, 4+340, 18+900, 20+400,20+740, 20+490 public building at the chainage 10+600, Water tap at the chainage 19+320, 30+415, 1 water tank at the chainage 18+540 and Public school toilet at the chainage 19+280 should be removed will be affected.


Impact on occupational health and safety

Injury, fatal accidents, outbreak of epidemics and diseases, decline in capacity to work

D L (10)

LC (20)

ST (5)

INS (35)

First aid facility at sites with health treatment arrangements, proper drinking water and toilet facility for construction workers, safety gears (helmet, face masks,






Nat Mag Ext Dur

significance

Executing Agency

Supporting Agency

goggles, gloves, boots) and accidental insurance of workers

Operation Stage


Operation of road

Road Slope Stability and Management

Slides and slope failure, Disturbance to traffic flow, pollution of water bodies, impacts on agriculture land, loss of vegetation.

D M (20)

LC (20)

LT (20)

S (60)

Regular maintenance of slope protection structures and bioengineering

Restrict animal grazing on slopes.

RM/Municipality

DCC/DTO

Operation of vehicles

Air, Noise and Water Pollution

Disturbance to students, patients, wildlife, effect to nearby agriculture land and crops

D L (10)

LC (20)

LT (20)

S (50)

Community awareness, no horn signs near schools, health posts.

Restriction on washing of vehicles in local streams.

RM/Municipality

DCC/DTO


Road operation

Depletion of Forest Resources

Loss of timber, forest resources and benefits

IN M (20)

LC (20)

LT (20)

S (60)

Awareness raising programmes for conservation of forest resources, enforcement of

RM/Municipality

DFO/CFUGs





Nat Mag Ext Dur

significance

Executing Agency

Supporting Agency

law along with community participation

Road operation

Disturbance to the Wildlife and Illegal Hunting

Collision of wildlife with vehicles, disturbance in their normal activities

IN L (10)

LC (20)

LT (20)

S (50)

Warning traffic signal, awareness raising training to drivers to limit speed and horn use

RM/Municipality

DFO/CFUGs

Socioeconomic Environment

Road operation

Ribbon Settlement Development

Encroachment of RoW, increased accidents, delay in traffic movement, depletion of local resources, water pollution

D M (20)

LC (20)

LT (20)

S (60)

Awareness raising programmes, enforcement of law, planning of land development, plantation of trees in RoW

DDC/DTO DCC/Local administration

Operation of Road

Road Safety Increase in accidents

D M (20)

LC (20)

LT (20)

S (60)

Appropriate road safety measures, safety sign boards along the road.

RM/Municipality

DCC

Note:

Magnitude H= High (60) M= Moderate (20) L= Low (depending on the scale or severity of change.)(10)

Extent R= Regional (60) LC= Local SS= Site specific

Duration LT= Long term (more than 20 years) (20) MT= Medium term (3-20 years) (10) ST= Short term (less than 3 years) (5)

Nature D= Direct; IN= Indirect

Impact up to 44; insignificance (INS) 45-74; significance(S) 75 or greater; very significance (VS)


9.3 Mitigation Cost for Executing the Environmental Management Plan 201. The estimated cost for beneficial augmentation measures like awareness raising

program, skill training, promotion of small scale industries, and income generation activities

will be covered by the Gender Equality and Social Inclusion (GESI) component of the

project. Costs for income generation and awareness programme activities for Affected

Persons (APs) are included in Resettlement Plan. The design and cost estimate for most of

the suggested mitigation measures such as slope stabilization, spoil disposal, landslide

construction will be incorporated in the design and cost estimates. However clear Bow will

be prepared for supply of face masks, helmets, muffles, accidental insurance,

bioengineering measures, plantation and environmental protection awareness trainings.

Therefore, most of the mitigation measures suggested would be a part of road design and

construction without additional cost. All proposed mitigation measures will be integrated in

the sub-project design so that these measures may automatically form part of the

construction and operational phases of the Sub-project.

9.3.1 Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Activities

202. The CLPIU, with the DLPIU and the DIMU, will monitor and measure the progress of

EMP implementation. The monitoring activities will be corresponding with the project’s risks and impacts and will be identified in the IEE. In addition to recording information of the work,

deviation of work components from original scope, the CLPIU with the DLPIU will undertake

site inspections and document review to verify compliance with the EMP and progress

toward the final outcome.

203. DSC will submit monthly monitoring and implementation reports to the CLPIU, who

will take follow-up actions, if necessary. CLPIU will submit the quarterly monitoring and

implementation reports to the PMU. The PMU will submit semi-annual monitoring reports to

ADB. Project budgets will reflect the costs of monitoring and reporting requirements.

Monitoring reports will be posted in a location accessible to the public.

204. The PMU will document monitoring results, identify the necessary corrective actions,

and reflect them in a corrective action plan. The PMU, in each quarter, will study the

compliance with the action plan developed in the previous quarter. Compliance with loan

covenants will be screened by the executing agency.

205. ADB will review project performance against the executing agency’s commitments as

agreed in the legal documents. The extent of ADB's monitoring and supervision activities will

be commensurate with the Project’s risks and impacts. Monitoring and supervising of environmental safeguards will be integrated into the project performance management

system. ADB will monitor projects on an ongoing basis until a project completion report is

issued. ADB will carry out the following monitoring actions to supervise project

implementation:

(i) Conduct periodic site visits for projects with adverse environmental impacts;

(ii) Review the periodic monitoring reports submitted by the executing agency to

ensure that adverse impacts and risks are mitigated as planned and as agreed

with ADB;


(iii) Work with executing agency to rectify to the extent possible any failures to comply

with their safeguard commitments, as covenanted in the legal agreements, and

exercise remedies to re-establish compliance as appropriate; and

(iv) Prepare a project completion report that assesses whether the objective and

desired outcomes of the safeguard plans have been achieved, taking into

account the baseline conditions and the results of monitoring.

206. Total cost of environmental monitoring (field visits, observation, review of reports and

report preparation) is estimated NRs. 200,000 as given in Table 22.

Table 22: Environemntal Monitoring Cost

Manpower requirement Duration (days) Rate

(NRs)

Amount (NRs)

Team Leader/Environmental Specialist 5 4,000 20,000

Engineer 3 3,000 9,000

Forestry expert 3 3,000 9,000

Socio-economist 3 3,000 9,000

Support staff 3 1000 3,000

Transportation cost LS 25,000

Report preparation LS 25,000

Central level monitoring LS 100,000

Total 200,000

9.4 Matters to be Monitored while Implementing the Proposal 207. Monitoring of the implementation of environmental protection measures provides a

basis for logical comparison for the predicted and actual impacts of a proposal.

Environmental monitoring will involve the systematic collection of data to determine the

actual environmental impacts of the sub-project, compliance of the sub-project with

regulatory standards, and the degree of implementation and effectiveness of the

environmental protection. Monitoring will be an integral part of the implementation of the

mitigation measures during project construction, and will generate important information. It

will improve the quality of sub-project implementation.

208. The National EIA Guidelines (1993) and working procedure related to reconstruction

of Earthquake affected structure, 2016 require monitoring plans and indicators, schedules

and responsibility be identified in the IEE report. The following sub-sections deal with the

various components of the monitoring programme in order to promote the full integration of

monitoring activities in Project works and implementation.

9.4.1 Baseline Monitoring

209. Baseline monitoring helps to update the baseline information collected during

IEE/EIA study when there is a significant time gap between IEE/EIA approval and proposal

implementation. In general, it is carried out if there is a significant time lapse between the

preparation of the IEE report and the construction stage or a change in environmental quality

is noticeable. This sub-project will proceed for construction immediately after the approval of

this IEE report and hence, baseline monitoring is not required for this sub-project.


9.4.2 Compliance Monitoring

210. Compliance monitoring is essential in order to ensure that environmental protection

measures recommended by this study and other requirements set forth during the approval

of the sub-project are complied with. This monitoring is not concerned with determining the

actual effect of the sub-project activities on the environment.

211. The proponent will ensure compliance of activities such as; inclusion of mitigation

measures in the design and tender documents, budget allocation for mitigation measures

and monitoring, compensation arrangements and other compliances spoil disposal, storage

sites, arrangement of construction activities etc.

212. The borrower’s compliance with covenants will be monitored through ADB’s project administration missions – including the project inception mission, when the loan covenants’ compliance timetable will be discussed and agreed upon. Project review missions will

appraise the borrower’s compliance with loan covenants vis-à-vis the timetable agreed in the

loan agreement. Non-compliance or delay in compliance will be discussed and remedial

measures shall be proposed to GoN for timely compliance. If required, the midterm review

mission will review compliance of loan covenants and also assess whether the set of

covenants are still relevant or need to be revised or waived due to changes in

circumstances; if so, the mission will recommend revisions or waivers for consideration of

ADB and GoN.

9.4.3 Impact Monitoring

213. Impact monitoring is generally carried out to assess the effectiveness of the

environmental mitigation measures and provides actual levels of impacts in the field. Hence

an impact monitoring evaluation study is proposed by the end of the sub-project construction

phase or within three years of sub-project implementation. Impact monitoring will focus on

each predicted impact and effectiveness of environmental protection measures. This will

also focus on the stability of slopes; spoil disposal sites, work camps and labour camps,

wastes on the local environment. The utilization of cash compensation to the extent possible,

condition of the forest in the vicinity of the sub-project area, water management, damage to

human facilities, incremental change in production of high value commodities, increase in

other sources of income, employment generation, road side plantation, social status,

impediment to wildlife movement, etc.

9.4.4 Project Performance Monitoring

214. The executing agency, in consultation with ADB, will develop within 6 months of loan

effectiveness, a project performance monitoring and reporting system. The executing agency

shall develop a web-based project performance monitoring and reporting system which will

include functions for accounting and expenditures the recovery and reconstruction (R&R)

program, concurrent evaluation of impacts, outcomes, outputs and activities in relation to

targets and milestones established for the project and the overall R&R program for the

earthquake affected areas in Nepal. The executing agency will prepare monitoring reports in

a pre-approved uniform format for all donors, covering key aspects of the R&R program, with

an additional annex specific to the Project for periodic submission to ADB as agreed.


9.4.5 Safeguards Monitoring

215. The PMC will brief the DLPIU and CLPIU Safeguards Focal Persons and the DIMU

on monitoring requirements for EMP and resettlement plan implementation. Monitoring data

will be generated by the DLPIU and DIMUs and provided to the CLPIU. The CLPIU will then

verify the monitoring data and submit these and other required information to the PMU. The

PMU will prepare semi-annual monitoring reports (one for environment and one for

involuntary resettlement) that describe progress of safeguards implementation, compliance

issues, and corrective actions. Reports will be posted in a location accessible to the public.

Safeguards monitoring requirements including suggested monitoring report formats are in

the EARF and Resettlement Framework.

9.5 Monitoring Parameters 216. These would be based on the level of site-specific information or existing data series

and impacts prediction. Efforts will be made to make the indicators measurable and

diagnostic with low natural variability and broad applicability. In this context, the following

physical, biological and social indicators will be monitored during the construction and

operational stages of the sub-project.

9.5.1 Pre-Construction Phase

217. During this phase the Consultant (CLPIU) bear the main responsibility in ensuring

that the environmental and social safeguard considerations are adequately incorporated in

the Project design and that the respective clauses to address the identified impacts are

sufficiently included in the specifications and work contracts.


218. In this phase the monitoring focuses on impacts on the environmental and social

setting caused by the ongoing sub-project. This monitoring checks compliance with the

practices, norms, standards and technical solutions prescribed in the design and in the EMP.

The specific monitoring tasks will include

Verify and quantify the ongoing slope protection measures, and propose rectifying

measures as needed;

Verify and quantify the ongoing activities in propose rectifying measures as needed;

Verify and quantify the ongoing/completed tree felling actions;

Verify and quantify the course of any environmental degradation caused, their likely

consequences, and propose corrective measures, including the identification of

responsibilities and costs;

Verify and quantify the effects of disposal of spoil and construction wastes and their

consequences;

Verify and quantify the effects of disruption of natural water courses, drainage work,

and their consequences;

Monitor by utilizing structured checklists and questionnaires, the contractor’s full compliance with the occupational health and safety regulations for the work staff;

Verify and quantify the effects of losses in wildlife, degradation of forests, illegal

extraction of forest products, hunting, wildlife trade and disturbance to wildlife;


Identify and assess the environmental implications on the people’s status of knowledge

and awareness in relation to ongoing education campaigns;

Verify and quantify losses/damage to private property and community facilities;

Verify and quantify losses/damage to cultural properties;

Explore mechanisms to stipulate strict application of the EMP and identify

consequences to be borne by the contractors in case of non-compliance.


219. The specific monitoring tasks in this phase will include:

Assess changes in land-use patterns, development of cottage industries, services and

demographic composition that may be caused by the road development;

Verify and quantify the occurrence of ribbon development, resulting in encroachment and

hindrance of traffic on the road;

Verify and quantify resulting in encroachment and hindrance of traffic on the road;

Verify all activities for decommissioning work sites and construction to their former

functional stage, as applicable. This refers also propose rectifying measures as needed.

Verify and quantify the adequacy of the executed bio-engineering works for slope

protection and erosion control;

Verify and quantify the adequacy of the drainage structures, functionality of these

structures, shortcomings in maintenance, and possible effects on private and communal

lands, as well as on aquatic resources;

Verify and quantify the course of any environmental degradation caused by Project

activities, their likely consequences, and propose corrective measures, including the

identification of responsibilities and costs;

Verify and quantify the effects of disruption of natural water courses, drainage work, and

their consequences;

Verify the success/failure of skill development and job opportunities’ training carried out ; Verify and quantify the effects of losses in wildlife, degradation of forests, illegal

extraction of forest products, hunting, wildlife trade and disturbance to wildlife.

9.6 Monitoring Indicators 220. The monitoring will include specific cause-effect analyses for the impacts observed.

Following Table 23 specifies the set of verifiable indicators that will be used for monitoring.

Table 23: Monitoring Indicators Selected for this IEE

Monitored Sector Parameters Selected for Monitoring

Soils, Landslides,

Erosion, Waste

management sites

Number, location and extent of slope failures

Cause analysis for slope failure natural/man-made

Area (ha.) of land, forest and properties affected

Number and extent of gully erosions and pavement failures

Suitability of corrective/bio-engineering measures

Sites and suitability for safe disposal of wastes and garbage

Bio-engineering Number and plant species selected for bio-engineering,

disaggregated by protective function

Water pollution, water

resources and their

Blockage of waterways – extent and secondary impacts

Water pollution incidents due to unsafe disposal of waste


Monitored Sector Parameters Selected for Monitoring

uses

and spoil

Damage to farm lands

Air and noise level in

relation to traffic volume

Assessment of noise level in site by direct observation and

interview with stakeholders

Visual assessment of dust development at selected

sites/sensitive spots and interview with local stakeholders

Traffic volume measurements

Road safety Number and type of road accidents recorded in the traffic

police and in local health service centers

Suitability of local road signs

Wildlife/ Habitat

disturbance

impacts on forest

resources

NOs and extent of road accidents inflicting wildlife

DFO records of illegal timber extraction and wildlife trade

Observations and handling of invasive species.

Socio-economic

development near road

Number and extent of new settlements /types and ethnic

groups

Number and extent of new businesses

Number and extent of new services and utilities.

Resettled households

and livelihood

restoration

Number of HHs resettled

Income situation and opportunities for the resettled HHs.

Verification of compensation and assistance to resettlers

221. The following Table 24 identifies the specific compliance monitoring activities.

Phase-wise/chronological details are provided for the methods, schedules, responsible

implementing agency and the responsible monitoring agency. The compliance monitoring

refers primarily to the pre-construction and construction stage of the project.

222. Table 25 details the impact and effect monitoring activities envisaged for this sub-

project.


Table 24: Compliance Monitoring for Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Sub-project

Parameters/

Indicator

Responsible

Implementing

Agency

Verifiable

Indicators

Verification

Methods

Schedule Responsible

Monitoring

Agency

Final alignment

selection

DLPIU Incorporation of walkthrough

recommendations into alignment

selection process and design

document

Walkthrough along

final road alignment,

verifying sensitive

areas

Initial stage of

preconstruction phase

DLPIU/DCC/

DTO

Land and property

acquisition and

compensation

DTO and CDC

with

assistance of

DLPIU

Cadastral records, land and properties

acquisition procedures; verification

report

Public consultation,

photos; geo-

referencing

Initial stage pre-

construction phase

DCC/ DLPIU

Site selection and

preparation of

construction

logistics

DLPIU Project’s arrangement for materials storage, and construction activities

Site observation, geo-

referencing and

photographic

documentation

Beginning of

construction period

DTO/DCC

Awareness and

orientation training

on road

construction to

technicians, and

labourers

DLPIU Training programmes for skill

development, occupational safety and

environmental protection associated

with road construction works

Specifications; training

records, check training

programme reports,

assess feedback from

participants

Beginning of

construction and

during construction

DCC/DTO

Compliance to

occupational

health and safety

matters

DLPIU Health and safety regulations, first aid

and medical arrangements, number

and type of safety equipment such as

mask, helmet, glove, safety belt,

accidental insurance

Spot checks at work

sites, photos, accident

records, interviews

Throughout

construction activities

DCC/DTO

Grievance

Redress

Mechanism

Contractor/DL

PIU/CLPIU/CI

SC

Project arrangements for the affected

people's concerns and grievances

about the project’s environmental and

No of complaints and

grievances record

During construction DCC/DTO


Parameters/

Indicator

Responsible

Implementing

Agency

Verifiable

Indicators

Verification

Methods

Schedule Responsible

Monitoring

Agency

social performance

Vegetation

clearance

Contractor/

DISC

Actual number of trees felled during

construction works

Record, inspection and

interview with local

people

After detail design and

before construction

work

DTO/DCC/DF

O/CFUGs

Measures to avoid

pressure on

forest, wildlife and

bird

DLPIU/DTO/DI

SC

Use of firewood or fossil fuel by

construction crew, events of hunting

and poaching of wildlife

Record, inspection and

interview with CFUGs

and local people

Once a month during

construction

DTO/DCC/

DFO/CFUGs

Measures to

protect

environment from

air & noise

pollution

Contractor/

DLPIU/DTO

Dust level and noise level at work

sites, major settlements and sensitive

spots like health centres and schools

Visual observation and

discussion with

residents and workers

Once in a month

during construction

DCC/DTO

Measures to

protect water

bodies from

pollution

Contractor

/DLPIU/

DTO

Visual observation, observation of

open defecation and waste disposal

around water sources near

construction sites

Site inspection,

interview with local

people

Once in a month

during construction;

upon demand for

testing with field kit

DCC/DTO

Adequate

technical and

environmental

supervision

DLPIU/DTO Adequate number of technicians

regularly at site with ability to

implement labour based road

construction concept

Check number and

type of technicians

available at site, skill of

work carried out,

discussion

Twice a month during

construction

DCC/DTO

Clean up and

reinstatement of

the construction

sites (camps,

quarries)

DLPIU/DTO Decommissioned sites indicate no

adverse/residual environmental

impacts, and are rehabilitated to the

satisfaction of the supervisor and land

owners

Site observation;

comparing photos;

consultation with land

owners and community

based organizations

At the end of

construction period

DCC/DTO


Table 25: Impact/Effect Monitoring of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Sub-project

Parameters

/Indicator

Verifiable Indicators Verification

Methods

Location Schedule Responsible

Implementation

and Monitoring

Agency

Slope stability

and erosion

Inclination, slope failures, causes;

drainage facilities such as catch

drain, side drains and functionality

of cross drainage structures; fresh

gullies and erosion; success/failure

of bio-engineering solutions

Site observation, photos

discussion with people

and technicians

Near steep slopes

and at landslide

areas and sites

Continuously during

construction and

operation

DLPIU during

construction;

DCC/Soil

Conservation

Office during

operation

Bio-engineering

of disturbed

slopes

Re-vegetation through bio-

engineering application on

disturbed slope; establishment of

nursery

Site observation;

inspection of nursery

and its production rate,

photos, measurements

Cut slope area,

where vegetation is

cleared; nursery

sites

During and at the

end of Sub-project

construction

DLPIU/DCC/DTO

Disposal of

spoils and

construction

wastes

Affected aesthetic value, affected

forest and agriculture land, initiated

land erosion by local blocked

drainage, hazard to downhill slope

residents and agricultural lands

Site observation and

interviews, photos, geo-

referencing sites

At specific

locations where

such sites occur

During construction DLPIU/DCC/DTO

Loss or

degradation of

farmland,

houses and

properties

Status of road side land;

production/yield;

status of road side houses; status

of standing crop along alignment

Observation, data

collection and analysis

and interview with

stakeholders

Road side land and

houses


Water quality Observation of open defecation

and waste disposal around water

sources near construction sites

Visual observation Local streams During construction;

upon demand for

testing with field kit

DLPIU/DCC/DTO


Parameters

/Indicator


Methods


Implementation

and Monitoring

Agency

Air quality Dust level in ambient air Visual inspection At construction

sites and at

sensitive spots


Forest and

vegetation

Numbers of trees, presence of

ground vegetation, signs of illicit

logging and extraction of NTFPs

Observations,

DFO/CFUGs records,

photos

In and around the

construction sites,

markets

During construction

and

Operation

DLPIU/DFO

during

construction;

DFO/DCC during

operation

Wildlife Wildlife hunting and poaching by

work force, trade of wildlife, road

accidents inflicting wildlife

Interview with local

people/CFUGs/DFO

and

observations

Forest areas at

roadside

Twice a year during

construction and

routine during

operation

DLPIU/DFO/CFU

Gs during

construction;

DFO/CFUGs/DC

C during

operation

Change in

economy

Numbers of people employed by

the project during construction,

numbers of women in work forces

Records kept by the

project management,

discussion with

stakeholders

Sub-project area Trimester during

construction phase

DLPIU/DCC/DTO

Trade and

commerce

Numbers of shops increased or

decreased, rental of houses and

land spaces

Records, interviews,

observations, photos

Throughout sub-

project area

Once in a year DCC/DTO/DLPIU/

RM/Municipality

Occupational

safety and

hazard

Type and number of accident

occurred during construction;

adequacy of occupational safety

measured provided; compensation

Observations, photos,

spot checks, contractors

and health centre

records interview with

Throughout sub-

project area



Parameters

/Indicator


Methods


Implementation

and Monitoring

Agency

provided in case of fatal accidents workers

Change in socio-

economic

structure

Number and extent of new

settlements/types and ethnic

groups; nos. and extent of new

businesses; numbers and extent of

new services and utilities, social

conflicts

Observations, interview

with local people, DCC,

Police and

RM/Municipality records

Throughout sub

project area

During operation DCC/DTO/

RM/Municipality

Ribbon

settlement

Congestions to road users and

nos. of accidents, RoW

encroachment

Records, observations Throughout sub

project area

During operation DCC/DTO/RM/Mu

nicipality


9.7 Major Costs for Environmental Safeguard Measures 223. The environmental management cost of this project is summarized in Table 26.

Table 26: Estimate for Environmental Enhancement and Mitigation Measures

SN Particulars Amount (NRs.) Remarks

1.1 Environmental Management Cost

1.1.1 Environmental awareness raising

training 150,000.00

Before the starting

and during the

construction

1.1.2 Compensatory plantation Cost 2,929,671.25

1.1.3 Road side Plantation 200,000.00

1.1.5 Signboard 100,000.00

1.1.6 Environmental monitoring cost 200,000.00

Sub-total(i) 3,579,671.25

1.2 Other environmental cost (included in civil works cost

also)

1.2.1 Stone masonry wall for spoil

management 212,955.50

1.2.2 Occupational health and safety (GPA

insurance) 2,000,000.00

1.2.3 Bioengineering works 1,336,643.95

Sub-total(ii) 3,549,599.45

Total (i+ii) 7,129,270.70


10 Conclusion and Recommendation 224. The IEE study of the Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek road

sub-project does not pass through any environmentally sensitive areas and has minimal

adverse impacts. Most of the adverse impacts predicted are of low significance and short

term, as well as of reversible nature. The beneficial impacts that come with the facility of

access to market centers and the location of social services will enhance the productivity of

the area and improve the quality of life of the people. In addition, local people will get direct

employment as workers, which will contribute significantly to improving their livelihood.

These benefits from the implementation of the road sub-project are more significant and long

term in nature compared to the adverse impacts, most of which can be mitigated or avoided.

Relevant issues raised during public consultation have also been addressed in the mitigation

measures.

225. The project attracts clause 1 and 2 of schedule 1 pertaining to section 3 of working

procedure relating environmental impact assessment for reconstruction of the earthquake

affected structure, 2016. And the IEE has shown that none of the anticipated environmental

impacts of rehabilitation and reconstruction of the road are significant enough to need a

detailed follow-up EIA. Therefore, this IEE is sufficient for approval of the sub-project.

226. The road sub-project is recommended for implementation with incorporation of

mitigation measures and the environmental management plan.


References

ADB 2009: Safeguard Policy Statement, June 2009. Asian Development Bank, Manila.

ADB 2015: Project Administration Manual: Earthquake Emergency Assistance

Project, June 2015.

ADB 2015: Environmental Assessment and Review Framework: Earthquake

Emergency Assistance Project, June 2015.

Baral, H.S and Shah K.B, 2064: Wild Mammals of Nepal. Himalayan Nature, Kathmandu.

DoLIDAR 1999: APPROACH for the Development of Agricultural and Rural Roads.

Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads, 1999.

Fleming, R Sr. and Jr. and Bangdel, L.S. 1976. Birds of Nepal. R.C. Fleming (Sr. and Jr.)

Kathmandu, Nepal.

GoN 1993: Forest Act, 1993. Ministry of Law and Justice, GoN, Kathmandu GoN 1997;

GoN 1995: Forest Rules, 1995. Ministry of Law and Justice, GoN, Kathmandu GoN 1997;

GoN 1997: Environment Protection Act, 1997. Ministry of Law and Justice, GoN,

Kathmandu HMG/N 1997;

GoN 1997: Environment Protection Regulation, 1997. Ministry of Law and Justice,

GoN, Kathmandu.

GoN 1998: Environmental Guide for Small Rural Infrastructure Projects. Government of

Nepal, Ministry of Local Development in collaboration with IUCN, July 1998

GoN 2003: REFERENCE MANUAL for Environmental and Social Aspects of Integrated

Road Development. Ministry of Physical Planning and Works Department of Road,

Kathmandu 2003

GoN 2006: Environmental and Social Management Framework. Road maintenance and

Development Project, Department of Roads, Ministry of Physical Planning and Works,

November 2006.

GoN 2013: Environment Friendly Local Governance Framework, Ministry of Federal

Affairs and Local Development, October 2013.

GoN 2015: Act relating to Reconstruction of the Earthquake Affected Structures, 2016.

Ministry of Law and Justice, GoN, Kathmandu HMG/N 2015;

GoN 2016: Rule relating to Reconstruction of the Earthquake Affected Structures,

2016. Ministry of Law and Justice, GoN, Kathmandu HMG/N 2016;

GoN 2016: Working Procedure relating to Reconstruction of the Earthquake Affected

Structures, 2016. Ministry of Law and Justice, GoN, Kathmandu HMG/N 2016;


Inskipp, C. and Inskipp, T. 1985. A guide to birds of Nepal. Croom Helm, London,

England.

www.iucnredlist.org

Jnwali, S.R., Baral, H.S., Lee, S., Acharaya, K.P., Upadhyay, G.P., Pandey, M., Shrestha,

R., Joshi, D., Laminchhane, B.R., Griffiths, J., Khatiwada, A.P., Subedi, N., and Amin, R.

2011: The Status of Nepal Mammals: The National Red List Series, Department of

National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Kathmandu Nepal.

Polunin, O. and Stainton, A. 1984: Flowers of the Himalaya. Oxford University Press.

Shrestha, K. 1985. A Field Guide to Nepali Names for Plants. Natural History Museum,

Institute of Science and Technology, T.U., Kathmandu, Nepal.

Uprety B.K.2003: Safeguarding the Resources ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

ASSESSMENT Process and Practice.

http://www.iucnredlist.org/


APPENDICES


Appendix I: Approved ToR for IEE Study


Appendix II: Climate Change Checklist


Checklist for Preliminary Climate Risk Screening

Country/Project Title: Earthquake Emergency Response Program (EEAP) Sector: Sub-sector: Division/Department:

Screening Questions

Score Remarks 1

Location and Design of project

Is sitting and/or routing of the project (or its components) likely to be affected by climate conditions including extreme weather related events such as floods, droughts, storms, landslides?

2

Sub-project area is vulnerable to drought and soil erosion.

Would the project design (e.g. the clearance for bridges) need to consider any hydro-meteorological parameters (e.g., sea-level, peak river flow, reliable water level, peak wind speed etc.)?

0

There is one river named Hudi khola in the sub-project area.

Materials and

Maintenance

Would weather, current and likely future climate conditions (e.g. prevailing humidity level, temperature contrast between hot summer days and cold winter days, exposure to wind and humidity hydro-meteorological parameters likely affect the selection of project inputs over the life of project outputs (e.g. construction material)?

0

Would weather, current and likely future climate conditions, and related extreme events likely affect the maintenance (scheduling and cost) of project output(s)?

1

Performance of project outputs

Would weather/climate conditions and related extreme events likely affect the performance (e.g. annual power production) of project output(s) (e.g. hydro-power generation facilities) throughout their design life time?

1

Options for answers and corresponding score are provided below: Response Score Likely 0 Likely Not 1 Very Likely 2

Responses when added that provide a score of 0 will be considered low risk project. If adding all responses will result to a score of 1-4 and that no score of 2 was given to any single response, the project will be assigned a Medium risk category. A total score of 5 or more (which include providing a score of 1 in all responses) or a 2 in any single response will be categorized as high risk project.

Result of Initial Screening (Low, Medium, High): High Other comments: Sub-project site is vulnerable to extreme weather related events mainly drought and soil erosion. Apart from Hudi khola in the chainage there is no other rivers and stream along the road. Prepared by: ______________________________________________ If possible, provide details on the sensitivity of project components to climate conditions, such as how climate

parameters are considered in design standards for infrastructure components, how changes in key climate

parameters and sea level might affect the sitting/routing of project, the selection of construction material and/or

scheduling, performances and/or the maintenance cost/scheduling of project outputs.


Appendix III: Rapid Environmental Assessment

(REA) Checklist


Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist

Instructions:

This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist.

This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns.

Answer the questions assuming the ―without mitigation‖ case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the ―remarks‖ section to discuss any anticipated

mitigation measures.

Project Title:

Sub-Project:

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS

A. Project sitting

Is the project area adjacent to or within

any of the following environmentally

sensitive areas?

Cultural heritage site

Protected area

Wetland

Mangrove

Estuarine

Buffer Zone of Protected Area

Special area for protecting

biodiversity

B. Potential environmental impacts

Will the project cause…

Encroachment on historical/cultural

areas; disfiguration of landscape by

road embankments, cuts, fills, and

quarries?

There are no historic or cultural

areas along the road.

Disfiguration of landscape will

occur due to cut and fill,

however, cut and fill volume will

be balanced.

Encroachment on precious ecology

(e.g. Sensitive or protected areas)?

IEE of Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-project, Gorkha



Alteration of surface water hydrology

of waterways crossed by roads,

resulting in increased sediment in

streams affected by increased soil

erosion at construction site?

Deterioration of surface water quality

due to silt runoff and sanitary wastes

from worker-based camps and

chemicals used in construction?

There will be no significant

impact.

Increased local air pollution due to

rock crushing, cutting and filling

works, and chemicals from asphalt

processing?

The air pollution will be

mitigated by spraying water

during the construction as this

is an upgrading road.

Risks and vulnerabilities related to

occupational health and safety due

to physical, chemical, biological and

radiological hazards during project

construction and operation?

The safety measures will be

provided for all the workers to

prevent from hazards.

Noise and vibration due to blasting

and other civil works?

Dislocation or involuntary

resettlement of people

Resettlement Plan will be

prepared to address involuntary

resettlement of the affected

people.

Dislocation and compulsory

resettlement of people living in right-

of-way?

Private structures like house,

shop, shed etc. will be

dislocated within the formation

width of the road and they will

be provided with compensation

based on Resettlement Plan.

Disproportionate impacts on the

poor, women and children,

indigenous peoples or other

vulnerable groups?

Other social concerns relating to

inconveniences in living conditions in

the project areas that may trigger

cases of upper respiratory problems

and stress?

Not envisaged.

Hazardous driving conditions where

construction interferes with pre-

existing roads?



Poor sanitation and solid waste

disposal in construction camps and

work sites, and possible

transmission of communicable

diseases (such as STI’s and HIV/AIDS) from workers to local

populations?

The road will be constructed by

the contractors who will stay in

the camp site for work and

campsite management will be

done for all the workers outside

the project area.

Creation of temporary breeding

habitats for diseases such as

transmitted by mosquitoes and

rodents?

Road construction is in hilly

region. So, there will be no

breeding habitats for

mosquitoes.

Accident risks associated with

increased vehicular traffic, leading to

accidental spills of toxic materials

and loss of life?

Traffic volume is negligible.

Increased noise and air pollution

resulting from traffic volume?

Traffic volume will be minimal

and traffic speed will be very

slow (<20 km/hour).

Increased risk of water pollution from

oil, grease and fuel spills, and other

materials from vehicles using the

road?

Not envisaged.

Social conflicts if workers from other

regions or countries are hired?

Not envisaged.

Large population influx during

project construction and operation

that causes increased burden on

social infrastructure and services

(such as water supply and sanitation

systems)?

Not envisaged.

Risk to community health and safety

due to the transport, storage and

use and/or disposal of materials

such as explosives, fuel and other

chemicals during construction and

operation?

Not envisaged.

Community safety risk due to both

accidental and natural causes,

especially where the structural

elements or components of the

project are accessible to members of

the affected community throughout

project construction, operation and

decommissioning.

Not envisaged.


Appendix IV: Environmental Checklist


A. GENERAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION

1. Overview of settlements along road corridor (व्ती वाय जानकायी)

Settlement Code*

(व्तीक क ड)

Name of Settlement and

Address

(व्तीक नाभ य ठगाना)

Household and Population (no.)

(घयधूयी य जनस्मा) Caste/Ethnic Distribution

(जात/जातत)

Indigenous Group

-cflbjf;L ;d"x_ Hh M F Pop

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

* Use the same codes as in strip map and topographical map.

2. Economic activities/main occupation (आ्थिक ््थतत य भु् म ऩशा)

Settlement Code

(व्तीक क ड)

Number of Hhs engaged in Agriculture & Livestock

(कृषी य ऩशऩुारन)

Labour & Porter

(्मारा भजदयुी)

Business/ Commerce

(्माऩाय/ ्मवसाम)

Cottage Industry

(घयर ुउध ग)

GO/NGO Employees

(सयकायी/गय सयकायी)

Others (Specify)

(अ्म)

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J


3. Existing services and infrastructures (ववधभान सवा रदामाक स्था य ऩवूािधाय)

SN

Service/Infrastructure

-;]jf / k"jf{wf/_ Settlement Code

-a:tLsf] sf]8_ Category A B C D E F G H I J

1 EDUCATION (शशऺा)

1.1

Campus (no.) (SofDk;_ Students (no.) -ljBfyL{_

1.2

High School (no.) -xfO{ :s"n_ Students (no.) -laBfyL{_

1.3

Primary School (no.) -k|fylds laBfno_ Students (no.) -ljBfyL{_

2 HEALTH (्वा््म)

2.1 Hospital (no.) c:ktfn_ Capacity (beds) -z}of_

2.2 Health Post (्वा््म च की) Sub-Health Post (no.)

2.3 Veterinary Services (kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf_

2.4

Pit/temporary Toilets (no.)

(vfN6]÷c:yfO{ rkL{_ Permanent (kSsL rkL{_ Open (v'Nnf_

3 COMMUNICATION (सचाय)

3.1 Telephone/Fax

3.2 Mobile/CDMA

3.3 Post Office

4 ELECTRICITY SUPPLY (no. of Hhs)(ववजुरी)

4.1 From Micro-hydro -n3' hnljB't af6_

4.2 From Mini-hydro -demf}nf hnljB't af6_

4.3 From National Grid -/fli6«o k|zf/0f af6_

4.4 From Solar System -;f}o{ phf{ af6_


SN




4.5 From Diesel Generator -l8h]n hg/]6/ af6_

5 BUSINESS & COMMERCE (्माऩाय/ ्मवसाम)

5.1 Hotels & Lodges (no.) -xf]6]n nh _

5.2 Restaurants & Tea Stalls (no.) (्चमा ऩसर)

5.3 Grocery Shops (no.)

ls/fgfऩसर

5.4

Other Shops (no.) (e.g. stationery, medicine, tailoring, fancy/cloth etc.)

-:6];g/L, cf}iflw, n'uf l;pg] / km]G;L n'uf ऩसर_

6 DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES (खानऩानी)

6.1 Gravity-Flow Scheme

(No. of taps) (wf/f स्मा)

6.2 Tube-wells (no.) sn

6.3 Spring/Dug-wells (no.) (d"n/ कुवा / इनाय)

7 IRRIGATION SCHEMES (शसचाई)

7.1 Surface Irrigation (ha.) (कुर )

7.2 Groundwater (ha.) hldgsf] kfgL lgsfn]/

8 OTHER INFRASTRUCTURES(अ्म ऩवूािधाय)

8.1

Micro-hydro Scheme (no. &

capacity......kw) (रघ ुजर ववधुत)

8.2 Water Mill (no.) (ऩानी घ्ट)

8.3 Suspension Bridges (no.) (झ रगंुऩरु)

8.4 Wooden Bridges (no.) (काठऩरु)

8.5 Other Bridges (specify) (अ्म ऩरु)


SN




9 INDUSTRY (उ्म ग)

9.1 Weaving Industry (no.) (शसराइ फनुाई)

9.2 Rice & Flour Mills (no.) (s'6fgL,

lk;fgL)

9.3

Other Industries (specify) (अ्म उ्म ग) …................................

10 FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS (ववविम स्था, ;+Vof_

10.1 Bank (no.) (फकं)

10.2 Cooperative (सहकायी)

11 COMMUNITY USE(साभदुातमक रम जन, ;+Vof_

11.1 Ghat (no.) (घाट)

11.2 Hatia/Bazaar (no.) (हाट,फजाय)

11.3 Playground (no.) (खर भदान)

11.4 Community Centre (no.) (साभदुातमक बवन)

11.5 Community Organisation

(साभदुातमक ;+3;+:yfx?)

11.6 Others (specify) (अ्म)

4. Land holding pattern (ज्गा जभीन)

Land holding pattern Settlements with no. of Hhs(3/ w'/L ;+Vof) Remarks

A B C D E F G H I J

Landless(सकुुभफासी)

<10 ropani (<१० य ऩनी)

10 to 20 ropani (१०-२० य ऩनी)

> 20 ropani (>२० य ऩनी)

5. Food grain availability (HH no.) (खा्मान ््थती)


Availability Status Settlements with no. of Hhs(3/ w'/L ;+Vof) Total

A B C D E F G H I J

Surplus (वषि बयी ऩगुय फ्न)

Sufficient for 9

monthsto 1 year (९ भहहना -१ वषिऩु् न)

Sufficient for 3-9

months(३-९ भहहना ऩु् न)

Less than three

months(३ भहहना ब्दा कभ ऩु् न)

6. Major existing agriculture production (denote the most dominant by 1, second

dominant by 2 and so on) (भु् म उ्जनी – सफ ब्दा फढी राई १ र, द र राई २ र य स ही अनसुाय जनाउन)

S.N. Type of Agriculture

production (उ्जनीक रकाय) Settlements (a:tL)

A B C D E F G H I J 1.0 CEREALS(अ्नवारी) 1.1 Rice (धान)

1.2 Wheat (गहु)

1.3 Maize (भक)

1.4 Millet(क द )

1.5 Junelo (जुनर )

1.6 Phaper (पाऩय)

1.7 Others (list) (अ्म)

2.0 CASH CROPS (नगदवारी) 2.1 Oil Seeds (तर)

2.2 Beans/Dal (दार)

2.3 Tobacco(तभाख)ु

2.4 Potato (आर)ु

2.5 Vegetables (तयकायी)

2.6 Fruits (परपुर)

2.7 Tea/Coffee (्चमा / कपी)

2.8 Amriso (अशिस )

2.9 Sericulture (यसभखती)

2.10 Others (list) (अ्म)


S.N. Type of Agriculture

production (उ्जनीक रकाय) Settlements (a:tL)

A B C D E F G H I J 3.0 LIVESTOCK & FISHERIES (ऩशऩुारनयभाछाऩारन) 3.1 Cattle (cows &

buffaloes)(गाई बसंी)

3.2 Horses, Mules (घ डा,ख्चय)

3.3 Yak (माक)

3.4 Goat (वारा)

3.5 Sheep (बडा)

3.6 Rabbit(खयाम )

3.7 Pig (सगुयु)

3.8 Fisheries(भाछा)

3.9 Poultry (कुखुया)

3.10 Bee-keeping (भ यी ऩारन)

3.11 Others (अ्म)

7. Migration for employment(य जगायीक रागी वसाई सयाई) No. of Hhs from where at least one person (may be Hh head) is away from home for more

than 6 months (६ भहहना ब्दा वढीक रागी)

Settlement A B C D E F G H I J

No. of Hhs(3/ w'/L ;+Vof +)

Destination(Hffg] 7fpF)


B. SETTLEMENT INFORMATION:

Name of settlement (व्तीक नाउ):…………………… Address:(7]ufgf)M..............................

Potential market centre(;Defljt ahf/ If]q): ……………………

1. Seasonal migration in search of work (sfdsf] vf]lhdf भ सभी वसाई सयाई)

Starting Month

(hfg] भहहना)

Returning month

(kmls{g] भहहना)

No. of Total HH

(घयधूयी स्मा)

Destination

(जान ठाउ) Purpose

(उद्म)

2. Development Potential According to Settlement 2.1 Areas which have significant potential for development, for instance, high agricultural production, tourism development, local mines, etc. (indicate these areas in

map/sketch).(ववकाशक सबावना बएका ऺर ज्त, धय वढी उ्जनी हुन ऺर, ऩमिटन ऺर, खानी ऺर)

S.N. Name of Area

(ऺरक नाउ) Description of Development Potential

(ljsf;sf] ;Defjgf ePsf] वववयण) 1

2

3

2.2 Scope of the proposed linkage in view of promoting socio-economic development

(आ्थिक साभाजीक ववकाश गनिक रागी र्तावीत सडक वाट हुन पामदा ज्त सचाय, कृषी, शशऺा य ्वा्थ).

SN Sectors to get direct benefit

k||ToIf kmfO{bf kfpg] If]q Describe how it will benefit

s;/L kmfO{bf k'¥ofp5, pNn]v ug'{xf]; < 1

2

3


3. Religious, historical, cultural resources and sites of aesthetic and scenic

values (wfld{s,ऐतीहासीक, सा्कृततक स्ऩदा tyf e"–b[Zo Pj+ ;f}Gbo{o'Qm 7fpFx? )

Type of Resource

(रकाय)

Name/specification

(नाभ) Location from road

(सडक वाट दयुी)

Description (importance/presentstatus

(a0f{g , dxTj tyf xfnsf] l:ylt_

Temples (भ््दय)

Monuments

(शशरारख, कक्रा, दयवाय, गपुा)

Sites of aesthetic and scenic

values (e"–b[Zo Pj+ ;f}Gbo{o'Qm 7fp)F

Others (सा्कृततक,

rf8kj{, d]nfx?)

4. Name of existing community organization -ljBdfg ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?_ 1…………….…………… 2…………….…………… 3………………………….

5. Trading pattern -Jofkf/ Joj;fosf] cj:yf_ (a) Imported items -lelqg] j:t'x?_M

(b) Exported Items -aflxl/g] j:t'x?_

6.a. Travel time from starting point-ofqf ;do_ a.1 By walking -l+x8]/_: a.2 By vehicle -uf8Laf6_:

6.b. Existing transportation cost (xfnsf] 9'jfgL b/_ b.1 From porter -el/of af6_: b.2 From horse/mule -vRr8 af6_: b.3 From vehicle -uf8L af6_:


Appendix V: Project Cost


a. Civil work cost

S.N. Description of works

Package: Package:

Ch 0+000 to 17+600 Ch 17+000 to 30+575

Amount (NRs) Remarks Amount (NRs) Remarks

1 GENERAL ITEMS 6,320,000.00 1.93% 3,080,000.00 1.35%

2 SITE CLEARANCE WORKS 2,054,055.64 0.63% 1,749,444.36 0.77%

3 EARTHWORKS 43,666,796.80 13.31% 105,507,518.52 46.19%

4 STRUCTURAL/ SIDE DRAIN/ CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS

138,647,681.07 42.26% 105,507,529.60 36.26%

5 PAVEMENT WORKS 133,505,470.33 40.69% 97,668,492.64 42.76%

6 ROAD FURNITURE / TRAFFIC SIGN BOARD 2,074,564.40 0.63% 1,781,174.86 0.78%

7 BIOENGINEERING WORKS 930,546.43 0.28% 406,097.36 0.18%

8 DAY WORKS 869,500.00 0.27% 193,450.00 0.08%

Base Cost(A) 328,067,882.66 SUM OF ALL SUBTOTALS

228,398,360.44 SUM OF ALL SUBTOTALS

VAT @13% ( B) 42,648,824.75 13% OF A 29,691,786.86 13% OF A

Total Cost including Base Cost and VAT (C) 370,716,707.41 A+B 258,090,147.30 A+B

Cost Per Kilometer of construction works including Base Cost and VAT (D)

21,063,449 C/17.600 19,891,340.83 C/12.975

Work Charge Staff & Miscellaneous Expenses @ 3% (E)

9,842,036.48 3% of A 6,851,950.81 3% of A

Physical Contingency @ 10% (F) 32,806,788.27 10% OF A 22,839,836.04 10% OF A

Total (G) 413,365,532.15 (C+E+F) 287,781,934.15 (C+E+F)

Grand Total NRs. (Ch 0+000 to 30+575) 701,147,466.30


b. Project cost including Socio-environmental Cost

S.N Particulars Amount (NRs) 1.1 Environmental Management Cost 1.1.1 Environmental awareness raising training 150,000.00 1.1.2 Compensatory plantation Cost 2,929,671.25 1.1.3 Road side Plantation 200,000.00 1.1.4 Signboard 100,000.00 1.1.5 Environmental monitoring cost 2,00,000.00

Sub-total(i) 3,579,671.25 1.2 Other environmental cost(included in civil works cost also) 1.2.1 Stone masonry wall for spoil management 212,955.50 1.2.2 Occupational health and safety (GPA insurance) 2,000,000.00 1.2.3 Bioengineering works 1,336,643.95

Sub-total(ii) 3,549,599.45 Sub-total (A) 7,129,270.70

2 Civil Work Cost 2.1 Total Civil Cost (Including VAT and Contingencies) 701,147,466.30 2.2 Other environmental cost included in civil works cost 3,549,599.45 2.3 Civil work cost excluding other environmental cost (B) 697,597,866.85 3 Resettlement Plan Cost

3.1 Compensation cost (land, trees, relocation cost for private and community structures within RoW)

53,852,395.47

3.2 Supporting cost for deed transfer and management cost for absentee families

2,000,000

3.3 Income generation and livelihood improvement program 2,480,000

3.4 Contingency (20%) 10,770,479.09

Sub-total (C) 69,102,874.56 4 Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Plan Cost

4.1 Disaster preparedness works session visual/ documentary show on D & RM

80,000

4.2 Campaign program (Awareness program on CLS IT) 120,000 Sub-total (D) 200,000

Total Project Cost (A+B+C+D) 774,030,012.11


c. Resettlement Plan Cost

S.N. Budget Unit Total loss

Amount (NRs.) Remarks

1. DIRECT COST

1.1 Land Compensation of Interviewed HHs Ha. 8.799 23983140.88 204 Interviewed HHs

1.2 Land Compensation of Absentees’ HHs Ha. 3.453 11157650.44 138 Absentees’ HHs

1.3 Compensation for Non- Ha. 2.516 9089661.47 127 Non-Registered Plots

Registered Land

1.4 Guthi Land Ha. 0.228 1080229.85 18 plots 2 Private Trees No. 232 160622.5

2.1 Private Fruit Trees No. 25 67334

2.2 Private Cash Crops No. 21 31320

2.3 Private Bamboo No. 475 118750

2.4 CFUGs Trees No. 583 247411.81 3 CFUGs

2.5 GoN Trees No. 142 123778.4

2.6 Institution Trees No. 85 58573

3 Private Crops (Paddy) Ha. 14.995 807982.95

342 HHs(including absentee HHs, 18 guthi plots and 127non-registered plots)

4 Private structures No. 18 3717421.6 9 residences, 5sheds, 3 toilets and 1 pali

4.1 Private Residence EQ No. 15 355000

Affected by earthquake, cost calculates only materials transportation.

4.2 Temporary huts/taharas No. 43 686753.84 43 Temporary huts/taharas

4.3 Relocation /Transportation cost No. 3 45000

4.4 Public Structure No. 30 2121764.73

14 electric pole and 11 chautara, 1 water tank, 2 public tapstand including 2 public schools

Sub Total 53852395.47 2. INDIRECT COST

2.1 Deed Transfer Fees plots 614 614000 DOLIDAR NORMS

2.2 Management cost for absentees' HHs 138 1386000 DOLIDAR NORMS

Sub Total 2000000

3

Income Generation and Livelihood Improvement Program[2] LS 31 2480000 31 APs

4 Contingency (20%) 10770479.09

Subtotal (1+2+3+4)

GRAND TOTAL 69102874.56


Appendix VI: Public Notice


English Translation of notice published

Government of Nepal Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development

Office of District Development Committee Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project (EEAP)

District project Implementation Unit Gorkha

Public notice for comments and suggestion on the Initial Environmental Examination

(Date of first publication: 2072/12/18)

The Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project (EEAP) is a project being implemented by convinent loan and grant assistance from Asian Development Bank (ADB) and technical and grant technical assistance from Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), counterpart funding from Government of Nepal (GoN), for Reconstruction and Rehabilitation. This notice is published for the implementation of an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report as per the provision of the Rule 7 (2) of the Environment Protection Rules 1997 (amended 1999 AD) for the following roads. S.N Proposed Road Affected VDC and

Municipality Description of Proposal

1. Ghympesal-Bakot-Palkhu-Swara-Saurpani-Barpak

Masel, Aarupokhari, Swara, Pandruk, Saurpani, Panchkhuwa, Deurali, Takukot VDC

The proposed road sub-project starts from Ghyampsal of Masel VDC and ends at Kharra khola of Saurpani VDC. The total length of road is 30 km and width is 6.25 m with drainage.

2.

Luitel – Aappipal – Harmi Bhanjyang – Thalajung – Bhachek Road

Palungtar Municipality Harmi ,Thalajung, Chhoprak, Shreenathkot, Jaubari and Hansapur VDC

The proposed road sub-project starts from Luitel gaun of palungtar municipality and ends at Bhachek of Hansapur VDC. The total length of road is 39 km and width is 6.25 m with drainage.

It is requested to provide comments and suggestions about the impacts on the environment through the implementation of sub-project, from the relevant VDCs, school, health post, forest user group, concerned stakeholders, organization and local people within 15 days from the first date of its publication in the following address. The comments and suggestions can be sent to Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads, Pulchok and Ministry of Federal Affairs & Local Development, Singhadurbar. Address to send comments and suggestions: District Development Committee, Gorkha Telephone no: 064-420144 Fax No: 064-420377

District Technical Office, District project Implementation Unit, Gorkha Telephone no: 064420029 Fax no. 064-420029

Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project (EEAP) Central project Implementation Unit, Lalitpur Telephone no: 01-5532331 Email: [email protected]



Appendix VII: Deed of Enquiry (Muchulka)


Appendix VIII: Recommendation Letters


Appendix IX: Meeting Minutes with Local

People


Appendix X: Socio-economic Data of Sub-project Area


a: Distribution of Households by Major Occupation

Settlement Agriculture & Livestock

Labour & Porter

Business / Commerce

Cottage Industry

GO / NGO Employees

Bhachek Bazar 90 10 45 6

Balekhu 40 8 10 2

Dharapani 20 12 9

Chisapani 35 15 8

Chipleti 15 9 10 3

Chilaune 20 12 6 1

Thalajung 29 8 4 2

Tallopam 35 15 9

Chittapokhari 50 24 6

Bhalumare 35 15 20 8

Thumki Gaun 30 9 12 1

Thaneswor 30 6 15

Harmi Bhanjyang 38 13 7 2

Aappipal 45 20 12 1

Baddanda 45 15 10 1

Total 557 191 183 2 25

Percentage 75.89 26.02 24.93 0.27 3.41


b: Migration Pattern in Project Area

Settlement Migration for more than 6 months

Purpose HHs No. Destination

Bhachek Bazar Education & employment 15 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Balekhu Wage & Labour 2 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Dharapani Wage & Labour 2 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Chisapani Wage & Labour 1 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Chipleti Wage & Labour 5 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Chilaune Wage & Labour 7 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Thalajung Wage & Labour 5 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Tallopam Wage & Labour 5 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Chittapokhari Wage & Labour 1 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Bhalumare Wage & Labour 3 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Thumki Gaun Wage & Labour 2 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Thaneswor Wage & Labour 4 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Harmi Bhanjyang Wage & Labour 5 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Aappipal Wage & Labour 3 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Baddanda Wage & Labour 20 Gorkha bazaar, Kathmandu, besisahar

Total 80


c: Major Existing Agricultural Production (Cereals, Cash Crops, Livestock)

Settlement

Cereals Cash crops Livestock and Fisheries

Ric

e

Wh

eat

Ma

ize

Ph

ap

ar

Mille

t

Oil S

eed

s

Be

an

s/D

al

Po

tato

Ve

ge

tab

les

Fru

its

Aa

lain

ch

i

Ca

ttle

Go

at

Pig

Po

ult

ry

Bhachek Bazar 1 3 2 4 5 1 4 5 3 6 2 1 2 4 3

Balekhu 1 3 2 4 5 1 2 3 5 4 6 1 2 3

Dharapani 1 3 2 5 4 1 4 5 3 6 2 1 2 3

Chisapani 3 2 1 4 5 1 4 6 2 5 3 1 2 3

Chipleti 2 3 1 5 4 1 4 1 2 5 4 1 2 3

Chilaune 1 3 2 4 5 1 5 1 2 6 3 1 2 4 3

Thalajung 1 2 3 5 4 1 4 2 1 6 2 1 2 3

Tallopam 1 2 3 4 5 1 4 1 2 5 3 1 2 3

Chittapokhari 2 3 1 5 4 1 3 1 2 5 0 1 2 3

Bhalumare 1 3 2 4 5 1 5 3 6 4 2 1 3 2

Thumki Gaun 2 3 1 5 4 1 5 3 6 4 2 1 3 4 2

Thaneswor 1 3 2 4 5 1 4 2 6 3 5 1 3 2

Harmi Bhanjyang 1 3 2 4 5 1 3 6 5 4 2 1 3 2

Aappipal 2 3 1 5 4 1 3 4 6 5 2 1 3 4 2

Baddanda 2 3 1 4 5 1 6 2 5 4 3 1 3 4 2


d: Summary of Public Services and Infrastructure according to Settlement

I. Education

Settlement

Educational institutions

Campus High School Primary School

Total No. Student Total No. Student Total No. Student

Bhachek Bazar 0 10 25 1 50 Balekhu 0 5 0 0 0 0 Dharapani 1 8 15 0 21

Chisapani 0 0 0 0 0 0

Chipleti 1 5 1 10 1 15

Chilaune 0 4 0 22 0 10

Thalajung 0 20 0 1 0 0

Tallopam 0 50 0 30 0 20

Chittapokhari 0 0 1 30 0 0

Bhalumare 0 9 0 20 0 30

Thumki Gaun 1 0 1 13 0 0

Thaneswor 0 0 0 15 1 20

Harmi Bhanjyang 1 7 0 16 0 0

Aappipal 0 7 1 20 0 21

Baddanda 0 5 0 19 0 12

Total 4 130 4 236 3 199


II. Other structures

Settlement

Toilet

He

alt

h P

ost

Ve

teri

nary

Mo

bile

/ C

DM

A

So

lar

Sy

ste

m

Na

tio

na

l G

rid

Business and

commerce

Water

supply

Su

rfa

ce

Irr

igati

on

(h

a)

Su

sp

en

sio

n B

rid

ge

co

op

era

tiv

e

Community Use

Ho

tels

& L

od

ge

s

Re

sta

ura

nt\

te

a s

ho

p

Gro

cery

Sh

op

s

Me

dic

al, S

tati

on

ary

,

Gra

vit

y F

low

Sp

rin

g/D

ug

Well

s

hati

ya/B

aza

r

Gh

at

Co

m.

Ce

nte

r

Pla

y G

rou

nd

Co

m. O

rga

niz

ati

on

(no

)

T P

Bhachek Bazar 125 1 1 125 125 8 9 1 5 3 2 1 1 1 1 1

Balekhu 5 50 55 4 55 3 1 1 7 1 2

Dharapani 3 29 30 30 1 4 2 12 1 0 1 1 1

Chisapani 5 40 1 45 45 2 8 3 5 1 2 1 1 1

Chipleti 28 1 28 8 28 3 2 2 5 7 3 1 1

Chilaune 2 30 32 32 2 1 22 1 1 2

Thalajung 7 40 47 47 2 5 30 2 1 2 1 2

Tallopam 2 40 1 42 42 1 5 2 3 5 1 1 4

Chittapokhari 60 1 60 60 1 6 1 7 2 1 1

Bhalumare 50 1 50 5 50 1 9 4 9 1 4 1 4 1

Thumki Gaun 38 40 40 2 4 3 3 3 1 1 2 2

Thaneswor 35 1 35 35 2 0 1 2 8 1 2 1 2 2

Harmi

Bhanjyang 40 1 40 40 0 2 4 3 2 1 1 1

Aappipal 50 50 9 50 12 3 4 2 1 5

Baddanda 55 55 55 13 2 1 3 5 2 1 1 3 1 5

Grand total 24 710 5 4 734 26 734 28 73 22 22 131 7 28 3 19 7 5 22 5 16


e: Land holding Pattern (No. of Households)

Settlement Landless <10 ropani 10 to 20 ropani >20 ropani

Bhachek Bazar 1 19 100 5

Balekhu 16 35 9

Dharapani

10 15 5

Chisapani

25 10 10

Chipleti

10 10 8

Chilaune

10 20 2

Thalajung

25 15 7

Tallopam

20 20 2

Chittapokhari

10 40 10

Bhalumare 10 30 10

Thumki Gaun 20 15 5

Thaneswor 10 15 10

Harmi Bhanjyang 20 13 7

Aappipal 20 20 10

Baddanda 20 20 15

Total 1 245 378 115

Percentage HH 0.14 33.38 51.50 15.67

Appendix Xf: Potential Area for Development

Settlement Potentiality for Development

Bhachek Bazar Potato, fruits Balekhu Potato, fruits, aalainchi Dharapani Potato, fruits, aalainchi Chisapani Potato, fruits, aalainchi Chipleti Potato, fruits, aalainchi Chilaune Potato, fruits, aalainchi, beans Thalajung Potato, aalainchi Tallopam Potato, fruits, aalainchi Chittapokhari Fruits, aalainchi Bhalumare Potato, fruits, aalainchi Thumki Gaun Fruits, aalainchi Thaneswor Potato, fruits, aalainchi Harmi Bhanjyang Aalainchi, phapar Aappipal Potato, fruits, aalainchi

Baddanda Potato,aalainchi


Appendix Xg: Scope of Proposed Linkage

Settlement Directly benefited Sector

Description of potential development

Bhachek Bazar

Agriculture, Education, Employment generation, Transportation, Health & Tourism

Cheap and quick transportation facility, employment in construction activities,

Easy access to varieties of seeds, tools and market linkage to agricultural and non-agricultural production,

Build new infrastructure, Market extension, Quick transport of books and stationary, Timely treatment and availability of

medical facilities, Increase in land value, Tourism promotion.

Balekhu

Dharapani

Chisapani

Chipleti

Chilaune

Thalajung

Tallopam

Chittapokhari

Bhalumare

Thumki Gaun

Thaneswor

Harmi Bhanjyang

Aappipal

Baddanda

Appendix XI: Name of Organization Contacted

SN Name of Organization Address

1 Then Distinct Development Committee, Gorkha Gorkha

2 District Technical Office, Gorkha Gorkha

3 Distinct Forest Office, Gorkha Gorkha

4 District Land Revenue Office, Gorkha Gorkha

5 District Agriculture Development Office, Gorkha Gorkha

6 Then concerned Office of Village Development Committee

Gorkha

9 Amdanda CFUG Gorkha

10 Sisneri CFUG Gorkha

11 Adheri CFUG Gorkha

12 Tarkedanda CFUG Gorkha


Appendix XII: List of Persons Contacted

S.N. Name Designation Address

1 Sahadev Bahadur

Bhandari D.T.O Gorkha

2 Krishna Prasad Dhakal Vice President Adheri CF Gorkha

3 Bal bahadur magrati Member of harmi Dalit

Samaj Harmi, Gorkha

4 Ishwor Basnet Thalajung, Gorkha

5 Ram Chandra Pokhrel Member of Choprak

Ward Choprak Gorkha

6 Depend Prasad Shah Secretary Harmi, Gorkha

7 Chuda Bahadur Luitel Then VDC secretary Then Hansapur, VDC Gorkha

8 Jit Bahadur Rana District hospital Gorkha

9 Anju Kumari Aale Irrigation Development

Division Gorkha

10 Sabin Shrestha District forest office Gorkha

11 Arjun Thapa Campus chief Bhawani Multiple Campus,

Gorkha


Appendix XIII: Trees to be Cut Down


a. Tree loss from Community Forest

SN Name of the Forest

From To Species Scientific Name

No. of Trees

Compensatory Plantation (1:25)

Rate Total Cost

Ch Ch (NRs) (NRs)

1 Amdanda CFUG 00+230 01+000 Saal Shorea robusta 18 450

159.74

71,883.00

Sub-total 18 450 71,883.00

2 Andheripakha CFUG

12+550 13+180 Chilaune Schima wallichi 12 300 47,922.00

Katus Castanopsis indica 7 175 27,954.50

Sub-total 19 475 75,876.50

3 Tarkedanda CFUG

16+500 17+660

Salla Cupressus torulosa 1 25 3,993.50

kaphal Mirica esculanta 78 1,950 311,493.00

Chilaune Schima wallichi 155 3,875 618,992.50

Paiyu Prunus cerasoids 10 250 39,935.00

Katus Castanopsis indica 275 6,875 1,098,212.50

Mauwa Engelhardia spicata 5 125 19,967.50

Lakure Fraxinus floribunda 1 25 3,993.50

Tadi Phoenix dactylifera 5 125 19,967.50

Others 16 400 6,3896.00

Sub-total 546 13,650 2,180,451.00

Total 583 14,575

2,328,210.50


b. Trees from Private Land

S.N Name of Owner Then Address From Chainage

To Chainage

Species Scientific Name No. of

Trees

Compensatory Plantation

(1:1)

Rate (NRs)

Total Cost (NRs)

1 Rit Kumar Shrestha,

Palungtar Municipality-8, Luitel, Gorkha

0+000 0+065

Bakaino Melia composite 3 3 66.25 198.75

Gayo Innula cappa 1 1 66.25 66.25

Guava Psidium guajava 3 3 66.25 198.75

Mango Mangifera indica 1 1 66.25 66.25

Saj Termanalia alata 2 2 66.25 132.50

2 Pahalman Dhoj Malla,

Palungtar municipality-8, Gorkha

0+065 0+095 Banana Musa acuminata 14 14 66.25 927.50

3 Gajendra Pd Shrestha,

palungtar unicipality-8 Gorkha

0+095 0+130 Saal Shorea robusta 1 1 66.25 66.25

4 Bimala Shrestha, Palungtar Municipality-8


5

Amar Jyoti Janta Higher Secondary School,

Palungtar-8 ,Gorkha,

0+095 0+135 Pineapple Ananas comosus 8 8 66.25 530.00

6 Durganarayan Shrestha,

palungtar-8 Luitel, Gorkha

00+150 00+175 Buldhyangro Mucuna macrocarpa

1 1 66.25 66.25



To Chainage


Trees


(1:1)

Rate (NRs)

Total Cost (NRs)

7

Amar Jyoti Janta Higher Secondary School,

Palungtar-8 ,Gorkha

00+175 00+180 Chilaune Schima wallichi 1 1 66.25 66.25







00+350 00+350 Mango Mangifera indica 1 1 66.25 66.25



00+380 00+400 Katus Castanopsis indica 1 1 66.25 66.25








8 Dharmanarayan Shrestha

Palungtar Municipality-8, Archale, Gorkha


9 Buddhilal Shrestha





To Chainage


Trees


(1:1)

Rate (NRs)

Total Cost (NRs)

10 Mangal Kumar Shrestha



11 Chijkumar Shrestha


01+490 01+510 Gidari Premna integrifolia 1 1 66.25 66.25

01+490 01+510 Gidari Premna integrifolia 1 1 66.25 66.25

12 Ganesh Jung Shah

Palungtar Municipality-8, Thakurigaun, Gorkha

01+640 01+650 Gidari Premna integrifolia

1 1 66.25 66.25

13 Lekh Bdr Shaha


01+640 01+650 Khasreto Ficus hispida 1 1 66.25 66.25

01+650 01+690 Shyalphushro

Grewia optiva 1 1 66.25 66.25

01+650 01+690 Shaj

4 4 66.25 265.00


14 Tul Bdr Shaha





15 Budhe Bk Palungtar Municipality-8, Baddada, Gorkha

01+970 02+785 Bakaino Melia composite 1 1 66.25 66.25



16 Bhim Bdr BK Palungtar Municipality-8, Baddada, Gorkha


1 1 66.25 66.25


1 1 66.25 66.25



To Chainage


Trees


(1:1)

Rate (NRs)

Total Cost (NRs)

17 Purna Bdr Sarki Palungtar Municipality-8, Baddada, Gorkha


02+290 02+340 Banana Musa paradisica 1 1 66.25 66.25

02+380 02+390 Tanki Bauhinia purpurea 1 1 66.25 66.25

02+380 02+390 others

1 1 66.25 66.25


02+470 02+540 Bakaino Melia composite 1 1 66.25 66.25

02+470 02+540 Baldhyangro Mucuna macrocarpa

13 13 66.25 861.25

18 Tulsi Shrestha Palungtar Municipality-8, Baddada, Gorkha

02+470 02+540 Khirro Sapium insigne 1 1 66.25 66.25

19 Baburam Shrestha

Palungtar Municipality-8, Baddada, Gorkha

02+500 02+540 Guava Psidium guajava 3 3 66.25 198.75

02+500 02+540 Papaya Carica papaya 3 3 66.25 198.75


02+600 02+600 Dabdabe Garuga pinnata 1 1 66.25 66.25

20 Mukti Narayan Shrestha

Palungtar Municipality-8, Baddada, Gorkha



02+600 02+720 Harro Terminalia chebula 50 50 66.25 3,312.50

02+600 02+720 Barro Terminalia bellirica 3 3 66.25 198.75


02+720 02+740 Tuni

1 1 66.25 66.25

02+650 02+700 Pineapple Ananas comosus 3 3 66.25 198.75

21 Min Bdr Basel Palungtar Municipality-11, Gorkha

02+650 02+700 Guava Psidium guajava 14 14 66.25 927.50



To Chainage


Trees


(1:1)

Rate (NRs)

Total Cost (NRs)

22 Teksing Thakuri

Palungtar Municipality-13, Darkhepani, Gorkha

02+650 02+700 Mango Mangifera indica 2 2 66.25 132.50

02+720 02+740 Jack fruit Artocarpus interga/heterophyllus

2 2 66.25 132.50

23 Naresh Thakuri

Palungtar Municipality-13, Bijulidanda, Gorkha



24 Ramchandra Thakuri

Palungtar Municipality-13, Bijulidanda, Gorkha


25 Shambhulal Shrestha

Palungtar Municipality-13, Gorkha


26 Lila Shrestha Palungtar Municipality-13, Gorkha


27 Ward Office Palungtar Municipality-13, Gorkha


28 Bakhat Bdr Pariyar

Harmi-3, Gorkha 09+330 09+335 Kutmero Litsea polyantha 2 2 66.25 132.50

29

Janata Higher Secondary School, Palungtar Municipality-13, Gorkha

Harmi-3, Gorkha

10+280 10+300 Painyun Prunus cerasoides 3 3 66.25 198.75

10+280 10+300 Painyun Prunus cerasoides 1 1 66.25 66.25



To Chainage


Trees


(1:1)

Rate (NRs)

Total Cost (NRs)

30 Jip Bdr Thapa Harmi-3, Gorkha 10+320 10+400 Chilaune Schima wallichi 6 6 66.25 397.50

31 Om Bdr Thapa Harmi-3, Gorkha 10+465 10+510 Chilaune Schima wallichi 5 5 66.25 331.25

10+650 10+660 Bhogate Rhus javanica 2 2 66.25 132.50

32 Bhim Kumari Sapkota

Harmi-3, Gorkha 12+280 12+300 Chilaune Schima wallichi 2 2 66.25 132.50

33 Prem Bdr Sapkota


34 Krishna Pd Sapkota (Bharat)



35 Bishnu maya Sapkota

Harmi-3, Gorkha 13+260 13+280 Guava Psidium guajava 1 1 66.25 66.25


36 Yubanath Shrestha

Harmi-3, Gorkha 13+300 13+320 Dabdabe Garuga pinnata 2 2 66.25 132.50

37 Damber Kumari Dhakal

Harmi-3, Gorkha 13+300 13+320 Others

1 1 66.25 66.25

38 Hemraj Dhakal Harmi-3, Gorkha 13+560 13+570 Tadi Phoenix dactylifera 1 1 66.25 66.25

13+560 13+570 Kapro Others 2 2 66.25 132.50

39 Dibash Dhakal Harmi-9, Gorkha 13+690 13+710 Khanyu Ficus semicordata 1 1 66.25 66.25

14+070 14+080 Kapro Others 2 2 66.25 132.50

40 Hari Dhakal Harmi-9, Gorkha 14+140 14+160 Asare Phul Others 2 2 66.25 132.50

41 Chandrakanta Dhakal

Harmi-9, Gorkha 14+140 14+160 Bohori Others 1 1 66.25 66.25


42 Mira Nepali Harmi-9, Gorkha 14+400 14+410 Kapro Others 1 1 66.25 66.25

43 Kajiram Dankuti Harmi-9, Gorkha 14+535 14+540 Uttis Alnus nepalensis 1 1 66.25 66.25

44 Shanta Giri Chhoprak-1 14+770 14+780 Uttis Alnus nepalensis 3 3 66.25 198.75



To Chainage


Trees


(1:1)

Rate (NRs)

Total Cost (NRs)

45 Bhoj Bdr Ranamagar

Chhoprak-1, Gorkha

14+770 14+780 Khanyu Ficus semicordata 3 3 66.25 198.75

46 Chandra Bdr Gurung

Chhoprak-1, Gorkha


47 Indra Bdr Gurung Chhoprak-1, Gorkha

15+770 15+780 Chuletro Brassiopsis hainla 1 1 66.25 66.25


48 Ishwori Gurung Chhoprak-1, Gorkha


49 Nandamaya Gurung

Chhoprak-1, Gorkha


50 Maitakauri Gurung

Chhoprak-1, Gorkha


19+260 19+270 Lankuri

1 1 66.25 66.25

51 Naina Bdr Gurung

Chhoprak-1, Gorkha

19+300 19+320 Dudhilo Ficus nemoralis 1 1 66.25 66.25

52 Buddhibal Gurung

Chhoprak-1, Gorkha


53 Bel Bdr Gurung Chhoprak-1, Gorkha

20+320 20+340 Lakuri Fraxinus floribunda 1 1 66.25 66.25

54 Dilmaya Gurung Chhoprak-1, Gorkha

20+360 20+370 Mulato Brachiaria Mulato 1 1 66.25 66.25

55 Thakur Pd Gurung

Chhoprak-1, Gorkha

20+380 20+400 Tadi Phoenix dactylifera 2 2 66.25 132.50

56 Khadgadevi Tample,

Chhoprak-1 20+400 20+420 Lakure Fraxinus floribunda 1 1 66.25 66.25

57 Mukhya Chautara

Chhoprak-1 20+600 20+610 Lakuri Fraxinus floribunda 1 1 66.25 66.25



To Chainage


Trees


(1:1)

Rate (NRs)

Total Cost (NRs)

58 Laxmi Gurung Thalajung-1, Gorkha

20+480 20+500 Lakuri Fraxinus floribunda 1 1 66.25 66.25

59 Rana Bdr Gurung

Thalajung-1, Gorkha

20+560 20+580 Nebaro Ficus rosenbergii 1 1 66.25 66.25

60 Chitra Bdr Gurung

Thalajung-1, Gorkha


20+720 20+740 Uttis Alnus nepalensis 1 1 66.25 66.25

61 Uddhav Gurung Thalajung-1, Gorkha


62 Aash Bdr Gurung Thalajung-1, Gorkha

21+300 21+310 Khanyu Ficus semicordata 30 30 66.25 1,987.50


63 Yem Bdr Gurung Thalajung-1, Gorkha

21+340 21+350 Khanyu Ficus semicordata 5 5 66.25 331.25

64 Ram Bdr Gurung Thalajung-1, Gorkha





65 Dip Bdr Gurung Thalajung-2, Gorkha





22+800 22+820 Plum Prunus domestica 2 2 66.25 132.50

21+710 21+840 Others 1 1 66.25 66.25



To Chainage


Trees


(1:1)

Rate (NRs)

Total Cost (NRs)

66 Nara Bdr Gurung Thalajung-7, Gorkha

22+800 22+820 Naspati Pyrus pyrifolia 1 1 66.25 66.25



67 Kamansing Gurung

Thalajung-7, Gorkha


68 Jog Bdr Gurung Thalajung-7, Gorkha

23+200 23+300 Kafal Myrica esculenta 1 1 66.25 66.25

69 Chak Bdr Gurung

Thalajung-7, Gorkha


70 Suk Bdr Gurung Thalajung-7, Gorkha



71 Yukta Man Gurung

Thalajung-7, Gorkha


72 Sanu Gurung Thalajung-7, Gorkha


73 Padam Gurung Thalajung-9, Gorkha



74 Dil Bdr Gurung Thalajung-9, Gorkha




75 Chitra Bdr Gurung

Thalajung-9, Gorkha


76 Dil Bdr Gurung Thalajung-9, 25+800 25+840 Dudhilo Ficus nemoralis 4 4 66.25 265.00

77 Kamal Bdr Gurung

Thalajung-9, Gorkha





To Chainage


Trees


(1:1)

Rate (NRs)

Total Cost (NRs)

78 Gana Bdr Gurung

Thalajung-9, Gorkha



79 Purna Bdr Gurung

Thalajung-9, Gorkha


80 Birman Gurung Thalajung-9, Gorkha


81 Bal Bdr BK Thalajung-9, Gorkha


82 Bhoj Bdr Gurung Thalajung-9, Gorkha


83 Ganesh Bdr Gurung

Thalajung-9, Gorkha



84 Bhoj Bdr Gurung Thalajung-9, Gorkha



Thalajung-9, Gorkha


86 Rudra Bdr Gurung

Thalajung-9, Gorkha

27+190 27+210 other

1 1 66.25 66.25

87 Tek Man Gurung Jaubari-5, Gorkha

27+190 27+210 Painyu Prunus cerasoides 1 1 66.25 66.25

27+190 27+210 other

10 10 66.25 662.50



Jaubari-5, Gorkha


27+800 27+940 Siplikane

1 1 66.25 66.25




To Chainage


Trees


(1:1)

Rate (NRs)

Total Cost (NRs)

89 Masino Gurung Jaubari-5, Gorkha





28+100 28+280 Angeri Melastoma melabatricum

2 2 66.25 132.50


28+100 28+280 Guransh Rhododendron arboretum

8 8 66.25 530.00


28+330 28+340 Naspati Pyrus pyrifolia 1 1 66.25 66.25

90

Janajyoti Higher Secondary School, Jaubari-5, Chipleti

Jaubari-5, Gorkha 28+330 28+430 Uttis Alnus nepalensis 13 13 66.25 861.25

Total 519 519

34,383.75

(* Remarks: the address mentioned here has been restructured and detail of restructuring is present in Table 1 and settlement wise detail is in Table 8 of this

IEE report)


c. Trees from National Forest

SN Name of the Forest, then address


No. of Trees


Rate Total Cost

Ch Ch (NRs) (NRs)

1

N.F, Pa.Na.Pa-13 10+630 10+870 Pipal Ficus religiosa 1 25

159.74

3,993.50

Chanp Magnolia campbelli 1 25 3,993.50

Sub-total 2 50 7,987.00

2

N.F., Chhoprak-1

18+840 19+280

18+870 19+290

Kafal Mirica esculanta 2 50 7,987.00

Chilaune Schima wallichii 2 50 7,987.00

Pipal Ficus religiosa 1 25 3,993.50

Sub-total 5 125 19,967.50

3

N.F., Chhoprak-1, Tallo pam

20+180 20+340 Chilaune Schima wallichii 17 425 67,889.50

Sub-total 17 425 67,889.50

4

N.F., Thalajung-1

20+840 21+860 21+910 22+300

20+860 21+900 21+920 22+310

Uttis Alnus nepalensis 1 25 3,993.50



Others 1 25 3,993.50

Sub-total 10 250 39,935.00

5

N.F., Thalajung-7

24+430

24+440



Sub-total 2 50 7,987.00

6

N.F., Thalajung-9

25+100 26+960

25+370 26+980


Others 1 100 15,974.00

Sub-total 9 225 35,941.50


SN Name of the Forest, then address


No. of Trees


Rate Total Cost

Ch Ch (NRs) (NRs)

7

N.F., Jaubari-5

28+700 29+320 29+580

29+280 29+440 29+820

Angeri Melastoma melabathricum

1 25 3,993.50

Chilaune Schima wallichii 56 1,400 223,636.00

Gurans Rhododendron ferrugineum

21 525 83,863.50



Mauwa Madhuca longifolia 2 50 7,987.00


Others 1 25 3,993.50

Sub-total 97 2,425 387,369.50

Total

142 3,550

567,077

(* Remarks: the address mentioned here has been restructured and detail of restructuring is present in Table 1 and settlement wise detail is in Table 8 of this

IEE report)


d. Calculation of Plantation Cost in Private land

Item no. Description Unit Total quantity Rate (NRs.) Amount (NRs.)

Remarks

Seedling cost No 1760 30 52,800.00

20 Plantation per ha

20(1) Site selection and survey Persondays 3 550 1,650.00

20.5(a)i Pitting 45X30X30 cm pit Persondays 32 550 17,600.00 50% slope

20.6(a) Seedling transportation Persondays 6 550 3,300.00 1 km distance

20.6(b) Seedling transportation (within) Persondays 3 550 1,650.00

20.7(a) Plantation Persondays 20 550 11,000.00 Up to 50% slope

32.1(b) Weeding Persondays 18 550 9,900.00

32.3 Replacement plantation (10%) Persondays 9 550 4,950.00

33.1(b) Prunning Persondays 25 550 13,750.00 Up to 50% slope

Total 116,600.00

Per plant cost 66.25


e. Calculation of Planta tion Cost in CF/NF

Item No.

Description Unit Total quantity

Rate (NRs.)

Amount (NRs.)

Remarks

Seedling cost No 1760 20 35,200.00 20 Plantation per ha

20(1) Site selection and survey Person days 3 550 1,650.00

20.2(b) Site clearance Person days 10 550 5,500.00 25% shrubs and grasses

20.3 Fixing of pit distance (1600 pits) Person days 3 550 1,650.00 20.5(a)i Pitting of 45X30X30 cm pit Person days 32 550 17,600.00 50% slope 20.6(a)iii Seedling transportation Person days 6 550 3,300.00 1 km distance 20.6(b)iii Seedling transportation (within) Person days 3 550 1,650.00 20.7(a) Plantation Person days 20 550 11,000.00 Up to 50% slope 32.1(b) Weeding Person days 18 550 9,900.00 32.3 Replacement plantation (10%) Person days 9 550 4,950.00 33.1(b) Pruning Person days 25 550 13,750.00 Up to 50% slope Sub-total

106,150.00

35 Fencing per 200 running meter

35.2(a)ii Preparation of 100 poles of 30-40cm girth and 1.8m height

Person days 8 550 4,400.00

35.4 Five line barbed wire fencing (100 running meter)

35.4(a) Barbed wire (14 gauge) Kg 143 125 71,500.00 Wooden pole (10cmx10cmx1.8m) No 88 No cost

Unail Kg 4.2 125 2,100.00 35.3(b) Pitting for poles Person days 14 550 30,800.00 35.4(c) Stretching and tightening of barbed wire Person days 24 550 52,800.00 Sub-total

161,600.00

Total

267,750.00 Contingency (5%)

13,387.50

Grand Total

281,137.50

Per plant cost

159.74 1600+10% plants with 2.5m x 2.5m spacing


f. Compensatory Plantation Agreement

Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f(Compensatory Plantation)

k[i7e"dL e"sDk cfktsfnLg ;xfotf cfof]hgf (EEAP) PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] ;x'lnotk"0f{ C0f ;xof]u, :jL; ljsf; ;xof]u lgof]usf] k|fljlws ;xof]u tyf g]kfn ;/sf/, ;xefuL lhNnfx? / nfeu|fxL ;d]tsf] nufgLdf z'? ePsf] xf] o; cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zo @)&@ a}zfv !@ ut]sf] e"sDk kl5 e"sDkLo If]qdf k"g;+/rgf / k"glg{df{0f sfo{df ;xof]u ug{' xf] . o; cfof]hgfn] ljBfno, ;8s, ;/sf/L ejg k"glg{df0f ul/ ;Defljt k|sf]kaf6 ;dfg's"ng ug{' /x]sf] 5 .

of] sfo{s|d k"g;+/rgf / k"glg{df{0f sfo{k2tLdf cfwfl/t /xg] 5 . o;n] ;8s If]qsf e"sDk k|efljt hgtfnfO{ ;xhtf k|bfg ug]{5 . uf]/vf lhNnfdf cjl:yt k|:tfljt ;8s pk–cfof]hgf e"sDk

cfktsfnLg ;xfotf cfof]hgf (EEAP) cGtu{t ;+rfng ug{ nfuLPsf] Ps pkcfof]hgf xf] . n''O6]n–cFfkkLkn–xdL{e~Hofª–yfnfh'ª–eRr5]s ;8s pk–cfof]hgf uf]/vf lhNnfsf] kfn'ª6f/ gu/kflnsfsf] n'O6]n ufFp b]lv clh/sf]6 ufFpkflnsf -tTsflng x+;k'/ uf=lj=;_sf] eR5]sdf 6+'luG5 . of] ;8ssf] rf}8fO{ ^=@% dL= / hDdf nDafO{ #)=%&% ls=dL= kb{5 . ;fGb{lestf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;/sf/L ?vx? x6fpg] ;DaGwL dfkb08 @)&! cg';f/ n''O6]n–cFfkkLkn–xdL{e~Hofª–yfnfh'ª–eRr5]s ;8s pk–cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f s|ddf sfl6g] ?vx?sf] Ifltk"lt{ ;DaGwdf hlt ?v sfl6G5g To;sf] !M@% cg'kftdf Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f / % aif{ ;Dd ;+/If0f ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 .

jgdf sfl6g] ?vx?sf] ;+Vof / Ifltk"lt{ jfkt a[Iff/f]k0f ug'{ kg]{ ?v ;+Vof / cg'dflgt nfut pk/f]Qm cg';f/ n''O6]n–cFfkkLkn–xdL{e~Hofª–yfnfh'ª–eRr5]s ;8s pk–cfof]hgf ;fd'bflos tyf /fli6«o jg eP/ hfg] / sfl6g] ?vx?sf] ;+Vof, Ifltk"lt{ jfkt a[Iff/f]k0f ug'{ kg]{ ?v ;+Vof / cg'dflgt nfut ;d]t 6]a'n !df lbO{Psf] 5 .

6]a'n ! /fli6«o tyf ;fd'bflos jgdf sfl6g] ?vx?sf] ;+Vof, Ifltk"lt{ jfkt a[Iff/f]k0f ug'{ kg]{

?v ;+Vof / cg'dflgt nfut

l;g+ jgsf] gfd sfl6Psf ?v ;+Vof

Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f ?v ;+Vof -!M@%_

la?jf, a[Iff/f]k0f / 3]/jf/ nfut klxnf] ls:tf -g]=?=_

uf]8d]n, k'g/f]k0f nfut bf]>f] ls:tf -g]=?=_

hDdf nfut -g]=?=_

! cfd 8fF8f ;f= j= !* $%) ^$,@)^ &,^&& &!,**#

@ cw]/L ;f= j= !( $&% ^&,&&# *,!)#=%) &%,*&^=%)

# Tffs]{ 8fF8f ;f= j= %$^ !#,^%) !,($&,%*@ @#@,*^( @,!*),$%!

$ /fli6«o jg !$@ #,%%) %)^,%!$ ^),%^# %^&,)&&

hDdf &@% !*,!@% @,%*^,)&% #)(,@!@=% @,*(%,@*&=%)


lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no /

lhNnf jg sfof{no /

;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] aLrdf

Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f -Compensatory Plantation_sfof{Gjog ug {ePsf] ;+Demf}tf -Agreement_kq

s_ sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no, uf]/vf != Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ ug{sf] nfuL Joj:yfkg ug]{ h:t}, lj?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL ug]{, a[Iff/f]k0f ug]{ sfo{ cflb . a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd -klxnf] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] . @= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf] If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg]

. #= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg -uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL /

k'gM/f]k0f ug{_ afFsL /sd -bf]>f] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] kfpg] u/L lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] k|fljlwssf] l;kmfl/;sf] ;fy} /f]xj/df pknAw u/fpg Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

lhNnf jg sfof{no, uf]/vf != lj?jf vl/b, ;Íngsf] ;fy} a[Iff/f]k0f ug{ k|ljlws ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg] . @= ;f=j=p=;=n] u/]sf] sfdsf] cg'udg u/L lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{nodf k|utL k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ . #= a[Iff/f]k0fsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNnf k|fljlws

sfof{nonfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]sf] ;fy} ;+o'Qm cg'udgdf ;xefuL x'g] . cfd 8fF8f ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, != a[Iff/f]k0f ug{ rflxg] la?jfsf] dfu ;+sng ug]{ . @= lj?jf pTkfbg vl/b tyf pknAw u/fpgsf] ;fy} :yfgLo ?kdf 9'jfgL ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . #= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qdf 5]sjf/ ug]{, Kjfsn vGg] / la?jf /f]Kg] sfddf clgjfo{ ;xefuL x 'g] . $= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] Joj:yfkg k|ljlws ;xof]udf cfkm} ug'{kg]{ .


%= lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no÷lhNnf jg sfof{non] ug]{ cg'udg sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpgsf] ;fy} ;d'xn] :jMcg'udg u/L k|ltj]bg lbg'kg]{ . v_ ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj lhNnf sfof{Gjog ;xof]u k/fdz{bftf÷lhNnf cfof]hgf sfof{no, uf]/vf != a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{sf] nflu ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, lhNnf jg sfof{no tyf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no;+u ;dGjo ug]{ . @= la?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL tyf a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . #= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf k|fljlws tyf ;+:yfut ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . $= jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno Pjd\ ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno /

cGt/utsf lgsfoaf6 a[Iff/f]k0f cg'udg ug{ cfPsf] 6f]nLnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . u_ e'QmfgL ug]{ sfo{ ljlwM ;8s lgdf{0f s|ddf sfl6g] !* ?vx?sf] nflu !M@% cg'kftdf ul/g] Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f -$%) lj?jfx?_ jfkt hDdf g] ?= &!,**# lgDgfg';f/ pknAw u/fO{g] 5 . !—klxnf] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd g] ? ^$,@)^ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] . @—bf]>f] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg -uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL / k'gM/f]k0f ug{_ afFsL /sd g] ?= &,^&& ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] kfpg] u/L lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] /f]xj/df pknAw u/fpg]] . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{nosf] tkm{ af6

lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] tkm{ af6

;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] tkm{ af6

x:tfIf/M gfdM kbM ldltM 5fkM





lhNnf jg sfof{no /



s_ sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no, uf]/vf != Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ ug{sf] nfuLJoj:yfkg ug]{ h:t}, lj?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL ug]{, a[Iff/f]k0f ug]{ sfo{ cflb . a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd -klxnf] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] . @= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf] If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg]




sfof{nonfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]sf] ;fy} ;+o'Qm cg'udgdf ;xefuL x'g] . cw]/L ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, != a[Iff/f]k0f ug{ rflxg] la?jfsf] dfu ;+sng ug]{ . @= lj?jf pTkfbg vl/b tyf pknAw u/fpgsf] ;fy} :yfgLo ?kdf 9'jfgL ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . #= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qdf 5]sjf/ ug]{, Kjfsn vGg] / la?jf /f]Kg] sfddf clgjfo{ ;xefuL x 'g] .


$= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] Joj:yfkg k|ljlws ;xof]udf cfkm} ug'{kg]{ . %= lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no÷lhNnf jg sfof{non] ug]{ cg'udg sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpgsf] ;fy} ;d'xn] :jMcg'udg u/L k|ltj]bg lbg'kg]{ . v_ ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj lhNnf sfof{Gjog ;xof]u k/fdz{bftf÷lhNnf cfof]hgf sfof{no,uf]/vf != a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{sf] nflu ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, lhNnf jg sfof{no tyf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no;+u ;dGjo ug]{ . @= la?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL tyf a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . #= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf k|fljlws tyf ;+:yfut ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . $= jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno Pjd\ ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno /

cGt/utsf lgsfoaf6 a[Iff/f]k0f cg'udg ug{ cfPsf] 6f]nLnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . u_ e'QmfgL ug]{ sfo{ ljlwM ;8s lgdf{0f s|ddf sfl6g] !( ?vx?sf] nflu !M@% cg'kftdf ul/g] Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f -$&% lj?jfx?_ jfkt hDdf g] ?= &%,*&#=%) lgDgfg';f/ pknAw u/fO{g] 5 . !—klxnf] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd g] ? ^&,&&# ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] . @—bf]>f] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg -uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL / k'gM/f]k0f ug{_ afFsL /sd g] ?= *,!)#=%) ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] kfpg] u/L lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] /f]xj/df pknAw u/fpg]] . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{nosf] tkm{ af6








lhNnf jg sfof{no /



s_ sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no, uf]/vf != Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ ug{sf] nfuLJoj:yfkg ug]{ h:t}, lj?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL ug]{, a[Iff/f]k0f ug]{ sfo{ cflb . a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd -klxnf] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] . @= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf] If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg]




sfof{nonfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]sf] ;fy} ;+o'Qm cg'udgdf ;xefuL x'g] . tfs]{8fF8f ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, != a[Iff/f]k0f ug{ rflxg] la?jfsf] dfu ;+sng ug]{ . @= lj?jf pTkfbg vl/b tyf pknAw u/fpgsf] ;fy} :yfgLo ?kdf 9'jfgL ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . #= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qdf 5]sjf/ ug]{, Kjfsn vGg] / la?jf /f]Kg] sfddf clgjfo{ ;xefuL x 'g] .


$= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] Joj:yfkg k|ljlws ;xof]udf cfkm} ug'{kg]{ . %= lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no÷lhNnf jg sfof{non] ug]{ cg'udg sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpgsf] ;fy} ;d'xn] :jMcg'udg u/L k|ltj]bg lbg'kg]{ . v_ ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj lhNnf sfof{Gjog ;xof]u k/fdz{bftf÷lhNnf cfof]hgf sfof{no, uf]/vf != a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{sf] nflu ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, lhNnf jg sfof{no tyf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no;+u ;dGjo ug]{ . @= la?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL tyf a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . #= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf k|fljlws tyf ;+:yfut ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . $= jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno Pjd\ ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno /

cGt/utsf lgsfoaf6 a[Iff/f]k0f cg'udg ug{ cfPsf] 6f]nLnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . u_ e'QmfgL ug]{ sfo{ ljlwM ;8s lgdf{0f s|ddf sfl6g] %$^ ?vx?sf] nflu !M@% cg'kftdf ul/g] Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f- !#,^%) ?vx?_ jfkt hDdf g] ?= @,!*),$%! lgDgfg';f/ pknAw u/fO{g] 5 . !—klxnf] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd g] ? !,($&%,*@^ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] . @—bf]>f] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg -uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL / k'gM/f]k0f ug{_ afFsL /sd g] ?= @#@,*^( ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] kfpg] u/L lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] /f]xj/df pknAw u/fpg]] . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{nosf] tkm{ af6








lhNnf jg sfof{noxsf] aLrdf

Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f -Compensatory Plantation_ sfof{Gjog ug { ePsf] ;+Demf}tf -Agreement_ kq

s_ sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no, uf]/vf != Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0fsfo{ ug{sf] nfuL Joj:yfkg ug]{ h:t}, lj?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL, a[Iff/f]k0f ug]{ sfo{ cflb . a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd -klxnf] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt lhNnf jg sfof{nonfO{ pknAw u/fpg] . @= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf] If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udg ug]{ . #= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg -uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL / k'gM/f]k0f ug{_ afFsL /sd -bf]>f] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt lhNnf jg sfof{nonfO{ pknAw u/fpg Joj:yf ldnfpg] . lhNnf jg sfof{no, uf]/vf != a[Iff/f]k0f ug{ rflxg] la?jfsf] dfu ;+sng ug]{ . @= lj?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL ug{{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . #= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qdf 5]sjf/ ug]{ Kjfsn vGg] / la?jf /f]Kg] sfddf ;xof]u ug]{ . $= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ . %= lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no÷jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno÷;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnon] ug]{ cg'udg sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . v_ ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj lhNnf sfof{Gjog ;xof]u k/fdz{bftf÷lhNnf cfof]hgf sfof{no, uf]/vf != a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{sf] nflu lhNnf jg sfof{no tyf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no;+u ;dGjo ug]{ . @= la?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL tyf a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . #= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf k|fljlws tyf ;+:yfut ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . $= jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno Pjd\ ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno /

cGt/utsf lgsfoaf6 a[Iff/f]k0f cg'udg ug{ cfPsf] 6f]nLnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .


u_ e'QmfgL ug]{ sfo{ ljlwM ;8s lgdf{0f s|ddf sfl6g] !$@ ?vx?sf] nflu !M@% cg'kftdf ul/g] Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f -#,%%) lj?jf_ jfkt hDdf g] ?= %^&,)&& lgDgfg';f/ pknAw u/fO{g] 5 . !—klxnf] ls:tfM

a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd g] ? %)^,%!$ lhNnf jg sfof{nonfO{ pknAw u/fpg] .

@—bf]>f] ls:tfM

a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg -uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL / k'gM/f]k0f ug{_ afFsL /sd g] ?= ^),%^# lhNnf jg sfof{no nfO{ pknAw u/fpg]] .

lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt÷ lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{nosf] tkm{ af6





g. Plantation Plan in District

A. Compensatory plantation Requirements for plantation activities 1) Coordination with DFO - Meeting will be held with DFO and CFUGs to discuss about the

plantation management

2) Agreement with DFO/CFUGs/DCC - Agreement will be done with DFO and DCC/DTO

for the compensatory plantation

3) Managing planting stock - Nursery establishment and operation

From DFO/CFUG nursery

From private nursery owner from districts

Fruit trees in private land - Horticulture farms in districts.

4) Identification and survey of plantation area - Plantation area will be identified by DFO

and survey will be done.

5) Fencing - Fencing will be done by concerned DFO/CFUG.

6) Pitting - Pits of 45cmx30cm x 30cm size will be dug.

7) Transportation of seedlings - From nursery to the planting sites

8) Planting - It will be done by the DFO/CFUGs in the starting of monsoon

9) Weeding - After the monsoon season, weeding is done to reduce the competition by

weeds.

10) Survival count - Before winter starts, survival of the plantation will be done for casualty

replacement before next monsoon.

Plan of Action for Plantation in CF/NF Activities May

18 June

18 July 18

Aug 18

Sep 18

Oct 18

Nov 18

Dec 18

Jan 19

Agreement with DFO/CFUG/DCC

Managing planting stock

Survey of plantation area

Fencing Pitting Transportation of seedlings

Planting Weeding Survival count

B. Roadside plantation 1) Coordination with local communities, RM/Municipality and DFO - Meeting will be held

with concerned local communities, RM/Municipality and DFO to discuss about the

plantation management

2) Agreement with concerned stakeholders - Agreement will be done with concerned local

communities, RM/Municipality and DFO for the road side plantation

3) Managing planting stock - Nursery establishment and operation

From DFO nursery




4) Identification and survey of plantation area - Plantation area will be identified by

concerned local communities, RM/Municipality, and DFO and survey will be done.

5) Fencing - Fencing will be done by concerned local communities, RM/Municipality and

DFO.

6) Pitting - Pits of appropriate size will be dug depending on species


8) Planting - It will be done in the starting of monsoon

9) Weeding - After the monsoon season, weeding is done to reduce the competition by

weeds.

10) Survival count - before winter starts, survival of the plantation will be done for casualty

replacement before next monsoon.

Plan of Action for Roadside Plantation Activities May 18 June 18 July 18 Aug 18 Sep 18 Agreement with local communities, RM/Municipality and DFO

Managing planting stock Survey of plantation area Fencing Pitting Transportation of seedlings Planting Weeding Survival count

C. Plantation in Private land Coordination with affected landowner - Meeting will be held with concerned affected landowner to discuss about the plantation trees in their land. 1) Managing planting stock

From DFO/CFUG nursery



2) Identification and survey of plantation area - Plantation area will be identified in

coordination with affected landowner.

3) Protection- Protection of planted trees will be done by the landowner.

4) Pitting - Pits of appropriate size will be dug depending on the species.


6) Planting - It will be done by the affected landowner and cost will be provided in the

starting of monsoon

7) Weeding - After the monsoon season, weeding is done to reduce weed competition.


Appendix XIV: Detail Information of Affected

Structures

IEE of Luitel - Aappipal - Harmi Bhanjyang - Thalajung - Bhachek Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Sub-

project, Gorkha 195

Chainage :

2+350 Structure No:

9 Distance from

centerline: 3.5 Address : Palungtar Municipality-8, Baddanda

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected

Area (Sqm) Storey Rate /Sqm Total

Amount House Tahara Shed toilet 1.2 35,044.03 wall Pali others Transport

allowance

Land owner Name: Harke Damai (Dil Bahadur Damai ) Plot - 103 Sheet no 095-1521 Total 35044.0333

Chainage :

2+490 Structure

A37No: 11 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed 7.05 7.05 774.00 5,456.67 toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance NA

Land owner Name: Purna Bahadur Sarki Plot - 94 Sheet no 095-1521 Total 5456.67054 Chainage :

2+610 Structure No:

14 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Plot - Public Land Total 5572.76991

Chainage :

2+840 Structure No:

23 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed 774.00 - toilet wall Pali Chautara 57,954.24 Transport

allowance

Land owner Plot - 28 Sheet no. 095-1521 Total 57954.24


project, Gorkha 196

Chainage :

10+680 Structure No:

45 Distance from

centerline: 4.5 Address : Palungtar Municipality-13, Aanppipal

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House 49.3 8.7 Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali 8.7 774.00 6,733.76 others Transport

allowance

Land owner Name: Rajkumar Shrestha Plot - 122 Sheet no 095-1521 Total 6733.76365

Chainage :


47 Distance from

centerline: 3 Address : Palungtar Municipality-13, Aanppipal

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House 48.6 48.6 2 14,400.10 699844.74 Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance

Land owner Name: Rajendra Kumar Shrestha Plot - 876 Sheet no 095-1403 Total 699844.742

Chainage :


53 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance for

Bhagwan Prasad

Gupta

10000

Buisiness

Allowance

Land owner Name: Rudra Bahadur Basnet Plot - 129 Sheet no 095-1362 Total 467059.097

Chainage :


54 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Sita Devi Pariyar Plot - 133 Sheet no. 095-1363 Total 266761.808


project, Gorkha 197

Chainage :


56 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Tribhunath Shrestha Plot - 136 Sheet no 095-1403 Total 483123.274

Chainage :


58 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House 60.48 60.48 1 9,810.87 593361.65 Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali others

Transport allowance to Gopal BK, Gopal Sunar & Bharat Mahat 30000 Business

allowance

Land owner Name: Kulman Shrestha (Thakur Kumar Shrestha ) Plot - 131 Sheet no 095-1363 Total 623361.649

Chainage :


66 Distance from

centerline: 3.9 Address : Harmi-5, Gorkha

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Hari Dhakal Plot - 1269 Sheet no 095-1264 Total 162173.744

Chainage :


83 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Kale Sharki Plot - 203 Sheet no 095-1365 Total 456195.091


project, Gorkha 198

Chainage :


89 Distance from

centerline: 4 Address : Chhoprak-1, Gorkha

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Subdari Gurung Plot - Public Land Total 251158.37

Chainage :


91 Distance from

centerline: 2.2 Address : Chhoprak-1, Gorkha

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed toilet 35,044.03 wall Pali others Transport

allowance

Land owner Name: Gyan Kumari Gurung (owned by Tej Bahadur Nepali) Plot - Public Land Total 35044.0333

Chainage :


96 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed toilet 35,044.03 wall Pali others Transport

allowance

Land owner Name: Jit Bdr Gurung (Bam Bahadur Gurung ) Plot - 305 Sheet no 095-1327 Total 35044.0333

Chainage :


107 Distance from

centerline: 4 Address : Jaubari-5, Chipleti

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House 11.2 11.2 9,810.87 109881.79 Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance 5000

Business

allowance

Land owner Name: Lal Bahadur Thapa (currently owned by Bich Kumar Uparkoti) Plot - 1336 Sheet no 095-1288 Total 114881.787


project, Gorkha 199

Chainage :

0+020 Structure No:

118 Distance from

centerline: 4 Address : Palungtar Municipality-8, Luintel

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Rit Kumar Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 21966.0014

Chainage :

0+040 Structure No:

119 Distance from

centerline: 4 Address : Palungtar Municipality-8, Luintel

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Business

allowance 15000

Land owner Name: Rit Kumar Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 35046.4918

Ch: 2+390 Structure

No:10 Distance from

centerline: 2.5m Address : Palungtar Municipality-8, Baddanda

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara 15.9 15.9 774.00 12,306.53 Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance NA

Land owner Name: Krishna Bahadur Sarki Plot - Public Land Total 12306.5336

Ch : 2+500 Structure No:

12 Distance from

centerline: 3 Address : Palungtar Municipality-8, Baddanda

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Purna Bahadur Sarki Plot - 94 Sheet no 095-1521 Total 1733.75064


project, Gorkha 200

Land owner Name: Narayan Prasad Shrestha


13 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 5000

Land owner Name: Tulasi Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 8173.38287

Ch: 10+265 Structure No:

40 Distance from

centerline: 3.1 Address : Palungtar Municipality-13

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Chini Maya Bhandari Plot - Public Land Total 8777.11262


44 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Babulal Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 14210.5633


48 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance



project, Gorkha 201


49 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Padam Raj Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 35510.9283


50 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara 44 8.4 774.00 6,501.56 Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance

Land owner Name: Ratna Kumari Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 6501.5649


60 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Tul Bdr Bhandari (Radhika Bhandari ) Plot - 202 Sheet no 095-1363 Total 3947.37869


61 Distance from

centerline: 3.8 Address : Harmi-3, gorkha

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Yubanath Sapkota Plot -1871 Sheet no 095-1365 Total 8591.35362


project, Gorkha 202


62 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Business

allowance 30000

Land owner Name: Prem Prasad Sapkota Plot - Public Land Total 40557.303


63 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Prem Prasad Sapkota Plot - Public Land Total 3676.48015


64 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Laxmi Sapkota Plot - Public Land Total 20588.2889


72 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Santa Bahadur Gurung Plot - Public Land Total 16602.2104


project, Gorkha 203


73 Distance from

centerline: 4 Address : Harmi-9, Gorkha

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Chandra Bahadur Tamang Plot - 197 Sheet no 095-1365 Total 9427.26911


74 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara 3 3 774.00 2,321.99 Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance

Land owner Name: Chandra Bahadur Tamang Plot - 197 Sheet no 095-1365 Total 2321.98746


75 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Chitra Kumari Dhakal (Sanu Maya Gurung owns the tahara who have no land at all. Plot - 195 Sheet no 095-1365 Total 12569.6921


76 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 7500

Land owner Name: Chandra Bdr Tamang (Sita Gurung ) Plot - 356 Sheet no. 095-1365 Total 20812.7281


project, Gorkha 204

Ch :15+260 Structure No:

77 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Chhatra Bahadur Pariyar Plot - Public Land Total 9705.9076


78 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Chandra Bdr Tamang (Sita Gurung ) Plot - 356 Sheet no 095-1365 Total 15665.6754


79 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Krishna Bahadur Tamang Plot - 198 Sheet no 095-1365 Total 23405.6336


80 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Man Bahadur Tamang Plot - 202 Sheet no 095-1365 Total 7058.84189


project, Gorkha 205


82 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Kale sarki (Laxmi Nepali ) Plot - 203 Sheet no 095-1365 Total 17956.7031


84 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Gopal Bahadur Sarki Plot - 374 Sheet no 095-1365 Total 15263.1976


85 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Sete Sarki (Tej bahadur Achhami ) Plot - 353 Sheet no 095-1365 Total 9450.48898


86 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Hari Bdr Nepali ( Prem Bahadur Nepali ) Plot - Public Land Total 16037.1934


project, Gorkha 206


88 Distance from

centerline: 3 Address : Chhoprak-1, Gorkha

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara 6 6 774.00 4,643.97 Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance

Land owner Name: Suk Bahadur Gurung Plot - 577 Sheet no 095-1367 Total 4643.97493


90 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Lila Maya Gurung (Constructed and owned by Bel Maya Gurung) Plot - Public Land Total 2848.30462


92 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Business

allowance

Land owner Name: Gyan Kumari Gurung Plot - 1174 Sheet no 095-1367 Total 15983.0137


95 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Business

allowance

Land owner Name: Jit Bdr Gurung (Bam Bahadur Gurung ) Plot - 305 Sheet no 095-1367 Total 13537.1869


project, Gorkha 207

Land owner Name: Jas Bdr Gurung (Kalpana P


97 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Jit Bahadur Gurung Plot - 306 Sheet no 095-1367 Total 17956.7031


101 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Business

allowance

Land owner Name: Bhim Bahadur Gurung (currently owned by Bikram Gurung) Plot - 1070 Sheet no 095-1407 Total 5433.45067 Ch : 28+340 Structure No:

102 Distance from

centerline: 4 Address : Jaubari-5, Chipleti

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Business

allowance 5000

Land owner Name: Janajyoti Higher School (currently owned by Ek Bahadur Gurung) Plot - 374 Sheet no 095-1286 Total 26431.9443


104 Distance from

centerline: 3.0 Address : Jaubari-5, Chipleti

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara 19.8 19.8 774.00 15,325.12 Shed toilet wall Pali others

Transport allowance athak )



project, Gorkha 208


105 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 5000

Business

allowance

Land owner Name: Jas Bahadur Gurung (currently owned by Budha Bahadur Gurung) Plot - Public Land Total 17770.9311


106 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara 9.45 9.45 774.00 7,314.26 Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport allowance



109 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Business allowance 25000

Land owner Name: Kala Thapaliya Plot - Public Land Total 64868.5248


110 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Business allowance 10000 Land owner Name: Prakash Gurung ( Santa Maya Gurung ) Plot - Public Land Total 33165.6949


project, Gorkha 209


111 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Business

allowance 5000

Land owner Name: Kali Maya Gurung (built and owned by Lal Bahadur shrestha) Plot - Public Land Total 35650.2345


113 Distance from

centerline: 4 Address : Jaubari-5, Nayagaun

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Business

allowance 10000

Land owner Name: Dhan Bdr Gurung (Sirmaya Gurung) Plot - 886 Sheet no 095-1407 Total 26486.111 Ch : 30+400 Structure No:

115 Distance from

centerline: 4.1 Address : Jaubari-5, Nayagaun

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Karma Sing Gurung (Built by Sagar Tamang) Plot - 309 Sheet no 095-1288 Total 10216.7448 Ch : 30+420 Structure No:

116 Distance from

centerline: 2.9 Address : Jaubari-5, Nayagaun

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Karma Shing Tamang (Anil Tamang) Plot - 309 Sheet no 095-1288 Total 28483.0462


project, Gorkha 210


94 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 2000

Land owner Name: Gyan Kumari Gurung (currently owned by Banu Gurung) Plot - Public Land Total 3950.46947


15 Distance from

centerline: 3m Address : Palungtar Municipality-8, Baddanda

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House 34.68 9.15 Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance 20000

Land owner Name: Tikaram Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 20000


16 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 10000

Land owner Name: Mahendra Kumar Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 10000


17 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 10000

Land owner Name: Maha Prasad Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 10000


project, Gorkha 211


18 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 25000

Land owner Name: Maha Prasad Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 25000


20 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House 43.2 20 3 Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance 50000

Land owner Name: Baburam Shrestha Plot - 15 Sheet no 095-1521 Total 50000


22 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House 30 30 1 Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance 30000

Land owner Name: Tulasi Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 30000


24 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House 28.52 4.6 1 Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance 10000

Land owner Name: Maniraj Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 10000


project, Gorkha 212


26 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 5000

Land owner Name: Babulal Shrestha Plot - 31 Sheet no 095-1521 Total 5000

Ch :10+790 Structure No:

51 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 0

Buisiness Allowance 40000

Land owner Name:Ganesh Kumar Shrestha ( Abdul rahman Khan ) Plot - Public Land Total 40000 Ch : 10+810 Structure No:

52 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Buisiness Allowance 40000

Land owner Name: Ganga Maya Shrestha Plot - Public Land Total 40000


55 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Business allowance 25000 Land owner Name: Nanumaya Thapa Shrestha Plot - 134 Sheet no 095-1403 Total 25000


project, Gorkha 213


57 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance to

Salina Miya

10000

Business allowance to Salina Miya Land owner Name: Ramkumar Shrestha Plot - 130 Sheet no 095-1403 Total 10000 Ch :10+920 Structure No:

59 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 40000

Land owner Name: Dilu Shrestha Plot - 902 Sheet no 095-1403 Total 40000


67 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House 23 23 1 - 0.00 Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance to

Rupak Neupane

10000

Land owner Name: Mohan Dhakal Plot - Public Land Total 10000


68 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House 81.88 81.88 Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali others

Transport allowance to Krishna Pariyar, Juna Nepali, Indrananda 30000 Land owner Name: Yam Kumari Dhakal ( Hemraj Dhakal ) Plot - 120 Sheet no 095-1364 Total 30000


project, Gorkha 214


1 Distance from

centerline : 2.7m Address : Palungtar Municipality-8, Luintel

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali EP 2,722.00 Business

allowance

Material

transport

allowance

Land woner Name : Public Plot Total 2722.00


2 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Material

transport

allowance

Plot - Total 2722.00


3 Distance from

centerline : 3m Address : Palungtar Municipality-8, Luintel

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Material transport allowance



project, Gorkha 215


4 Distance from

centerline: 2.8 Address : Palungtar Municipality-8, Luintel

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali EP 2,722.00 Material

transport

allowance

Land owner Name: Public Plot - Total 2722.00


5 Distance from


Type Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount Building EP 2,722.00 Transport

allowance

Land owner Name Public Total 2722.00


6 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali EP 2,722.00 Transport

allowance

Land owner

Name: Public

Plot- Total 2722


project, Gorkha 216

Plot -

Ch :(2+740-

2+950) 6Nos Structure No:

19 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali EP 6 nos 16,332.00 Transport

allowance

Land owner

Name: Public

Plot - Total 16332


34 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Total 2722 Ch : 8+610 Structure No:

38 Distance from

centerline: 3 Address : Palungtar Municipality-13

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Public Plot - Total 2722


39 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner

Name: Public

Plot - Total 2722


project, Gorkha 217


46 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali EP 2,722.00 Transport allowance



93 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali EP 2,722.00 Transport allowance



98 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance



100 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner

Name: Public

Plot - Total 2722


project, Gorkha 218


7 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali Chautara 57,954.24 Transport

allowance



8 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner

Name: Public



21 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Public Plot - 16 Total 57954.24


33 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner

Name: Public



project, Gorkha 219


35 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance 5000

Land owner

Name: Public

Plot - Total 5000

Ch : 3+908

Structure No:

36 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 5000

Land owner

Name: Public

Plot - Total 5000 Ch : 4+340 Structure No:

37 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance 5000



42 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected



allowance

Land owner Name: Plot - Public Total 990702.039


project, Gorkha 220


87 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House 42.94 42.94 1 9,810.87 421278.92 Tahara School Toilet

Building Shed toilet wall Pali others Transport

allowance

Land owner Name: Chitre Pokhari Secondary School Plot - Public Total 421278.922


120 Distance from

centerline: 3.7 Address : Chhoprak,1 Citrepokhari.

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara - Shed toilet wall Pali Water tank 162927.879 Transport

allowance

Land owner

Name: Public

Plot - Total 162927.879 Ch : 18+900 Structure No:

121 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount

House Tahara - Shed toilet wall Pali Chautara 57,954.24 Transport

allowance

Land owner Name: Public Plot - Total 57954.24 Ch : 19+320 Structure No:

122 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed toilet wall Pali Tap Stand 35000 Transport

allowance



project, Gorkha 221


123 Distance from


Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed - toilet wall Pali Chautara 57,954.24 Transport allowance

Land owner Name: Public Plot - Total 57954.24 Ch : 20+740 Structure No:

124 Distance from

centerline: 2.7 Address : Chhoprak,1 Tallo pam.

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed - toilet wall Pali Chautara 57,954.24 Transport

allowance

Business allowance Land owner Name: Public

Plot - Total 57954.24 Ch : 20+490 Structure No:

99 Distance from

centerline: 2.7 Address : Chhoprak,1 Tallo pam.

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed - toilet wall Pali Chautara 4,458.22 Transport

allowance

Business

allowance

Land owner Name:(Panchashil Mahila Samuha) Plot - Public Total 4458.215 Ch : 30+415 Structure No:

117 Distance from

centerline: 2.7 Address : Nayagoan, Jaubari 5

Storey Total Area (

Sqm) Affected


Amount House Tahara Shed - toilet wall Pali Tap 35,000.00 Transport

allowance

Business

allowance

Land owner Name: Public Plot - Total 35000.00


Appendix XV: Photographs


Existing Condition of road

Settlement along the road

initial environmental examination · 2017-12-20 · initial environmental examination (iee) of...

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