infusing 21st century thinking skills into the t&l environment

Infusing 21st Century Infusing 21st Century

Thinking Skills Into the Thinking Skills Into the

T&L EnvironmentT&L EnvironmentT&L EnvironmentT&L Environment

Zaid Ali AlsagoffZaid Ali Alsagoff

EE--Learning ManagerLearning ManagerINCEIFINCEIF

[email protected]@gmail.com

WARNING: THIS MAN IS NOTTHINKING CRITICALLY!!

Why?Why?

Source: http://profmulder.home.att.net/introwhatis.htm

Do You Do You Agree?Agree?

““We want the development of modal We want the development of modal

insaninsan (model citizen), students who (model citizen), students who

can can think criticallythink critically and and creativelycreatively, ,

who are able to who are able to solve problemssolve problems and and Why?Why?

have the have the ability to adaptability to adapt themselves themselves

to an everto an ever--changing global changing global

environment.”environment.”

Blueprint Blueprint for Education Development (2006 for Education Development (2006 –– 2010)2010)

* During the launch of the National Education Blueprint 2006-2010 at the Putrajaya International Convention Centre 16/01-2007.

Do You Agree? Why?Do You Agree? Why?Do You Agree? Why?Do You Agree? Why?The National Education Blueprint is aimed at bringing about a major change in the education system.

Below we compare the characteristics of a student today and what the blueprint promises in 2010 (NST, 18/01-2007).

The Student in 2007 The Student in 2010

Lacks confidence Self-confident

Lacks communication skills Able to communicate well

Lacks leadership skills Has leadership skills

May not be able to speak proper English Able to speak good English

You must unlearn what you have learned.

Too dependent on tuition Won’t be dependent on tuition

Does not mix freely with students of other races Mixes freely with students of other races

Studies in a very exam-oriented environment Studies in an environment that is not too exam-oriented

Not IT-savvy Is IT-savvy

Not creative and innovative Is creative and innovative

May not take part in co-curricular activities Takes part in more co-curricular activities

May not know how to read, write and count Has no problems with reading, writing orcounting

Is not very marketable More marketable

CONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTS

1. Critical Thinking?1. Critical Thinking?

2. Thinking Skills 2. Thinking Skills 6. Conclusion6. Conclusion

3. Challenges 3. Challenges

4. Possibilities 4. Possibilities

5. Case Study5. Case Study

“Some people study all their life and at their

death they have learned everything except

to THINK” – Francois Domergue

Why doesn’t SHESHE like me?Why doesn’t HEHE like me?

As you start asking questions and As you start asking questions and

seek answers, you are in fact thinking.seek answers, you are in fact thinking.

Good Good Thinking isThinking is…?…?

CLEARCLEAR……….....rather than........UNCLEAR

ACCURATEACCURATE …....rather than…….INACCURATE

PRECISEPRECISE……....rather than…….VAGUE

RELEVANTRELEVANT…….rather than…….IRELEVANTRELEVANTRELEVANT…….rather than…….IRELEVANT

CONSISTENTCONSISTENT….rather than……INCONSISTENT

LOGICALLOGICAL……….rather than……ILLOGICAL

COMPLETECOMPLETE……rather than……INCOMPLETE

FAIRFAIR…………….rather than…....BIASED

Source: http://www.fctl.ucf.edu/tresources/content/Ruland-CriticalThinkingStandards.pdf

Interesting Findings!Interesting Findings!Interesting Findings!Interesting Findings!

�According to a California study (1995), 89%89% of faculty said critical thinking was a primary objective primary objective but…

19%19%�Only 19%19% could give a clear definition clear definition and…

�Only 9%9% were teachingteaching for critical thinking on a typical class day.

Source: http://www.criticalthinking.org/about/centerforCT.shtml

What What is Critical Thinkingis Critical Thinking??What What is Critical Thinkingis Critical Thinking??

Critical ThinkingCritical Thinking is the general term given to a wide range of cognitive and intellectual skills needed to:

� Effectively identify, analyze, and evaluate arguments.

How do I

memorize

the ‘OPEN OPEN

ENDEDENDED’

question?

� Discover and overcome personal prejudices and biases.

� Formulate and present convincing reasons in support of conclusions.

� Make reasonable, intelligent decisions about what to believe and what to do.

Bloom’s TaxonomyBloom’s TaxonomyBloom’s TaxonomyBloom’s Taxonomy

AnalysisAnalysis

SynthesisSynthesis

EvaluationEvaluation

how is ‘it’ structured

How does ‘it’ relate

Does ‘it’ have a value

HigherHigher--Level Level HigherHigher--Level Level

ThinkingThinking

© 2006 Universiti Tun Abdul Razak

(UNITAR)

KnowledgeKnowledge

ComprehensionComprehension

Application

AnalysisAnalysis

Remember ‘it’

using ‘it’

what does ‘It’ mean

structured

Lower-level Lower-level

Thinking

Bloom’s Taxonomy Bloom’s Taxonomy (Revised)(Revised)HigherHigher--Level Level

ThinkingThinking

EvaluateEvaluate

CreateCreate

AnalyzeAnalyze

Generating new ideas, products,

processes, or ways of viewing

things.

Lower-level

Thinking

AnalyzeAnalyze

ApplyApply

UnderstandUnderstand

RememberRemember

Adapted from: http://www.kurwongbss.qld.edu.au/thinking/Bloom/blooms.htm

Characteristics of a Critical Thinker? Characteristics of a Critical Thinker? Characteristics of a Critical Thinker? Characteristics of a Critical Thinker?

Do you have the COURAGE and PASSION to take initiative and confront problems and meet challenges?

Are you AWARE of your own biases and preconceptions?

Do you have INDEPENDENT opinions and are not afraid to disagree?

Are you HONEST to yourself (or others) when you are wrong?

Adapted from (p.21) URL: http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0767417399/

Characteristics Characteristics of a Critical of a Critical Thinker? Thinker? Characteristics Characteristics of a Critical of a Critical Thinker? Thinker?

Are you able to get to the HEART OF AN ISSUE or problem, without being distracted by details?

Do you love the TRUTH and are CURIOUS about a wide range of issues?

Adapted from (p.21) URL: http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0767417399/

Do you listen OPEN-MINDEDLY to opposing points of view?

Do you WELCOME CRITICISM?

The Force,I sense is with

you, IF YOU DOIF YOU DO.

“The whole art of teaching is only the

art of awakening the natural curiosity of

young minds.” - Anatole France

Do You Agree? Do You Agree? Do You Agree? Do You Agree? Why is Why is

IMAGINIATIONIMAGINIATIONso Important? I so Important? I

Need input from Need input from

you!you!you!you!

QuestionQuestionQuestionQuestionHow would you design

Donald Trump ’s bathroom?

Adapted from: http://www.flickr.com/photos/valpopando/2270327999/

To Nurture Critical Thinking, Focus on…To Nurture Critical Thinking, Focus on…

Problem solving

Meta-cognitionLearning

Decision Making

Evaluating

SynthesizingAnalyzing

Collaborating

Inventing

CommunicatingReasoning

Networking

Route 21 Route 21 Route 21 Route 21 •• Critical ThinkingCritical Thinking

•• Problem SolvingProblem Solving

•• Creativity Creativity

•• InnovationInnovation

•• CommunicationCommunication

•• CollaborationCollaboration

URL: http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/route21/

A Roadmap For 21A Roadmap For 21 stst Century LearningCentury Learning

Five Minds for the FutureFive Minds for the FutureFive Minds for the FutureFive Minds for the Future

Howard Gardner Howard Gardner

Video: http://forum.wgbh.org/wgbh/forum.php?lecture_id=3560

Book: http://www.amazon.com/Five-Minds-Future-Howard-Gardner/dp/1591399122

Image Source: http://isaiahlim.files.wordpress.com/2006/10/5minds.gif

“We are currently preparing students for jobs that

don’t yet exist, using technologies that haven’t yet

been invented, in order to solve problems we don’t

even know are problems yet.” - Karl Fisch

Source: http://shifthappens.wikispaces.com/

“The amount of new technical information

is doubling every 2 years.

For students starting a four-year technical

or college degree, this means that half of

what they learn in their first year of study what they learn in their first year of study

will be outdated by their third year of

study.”

Source: http://shifthappens.wikispaces.com/

Challenges from a…Challenges from a…Challenges from a…Challenges from a…

……pointpoint--ofof--viewview ..……pointpoint--ofof--viewview ..

HOW DO WE NURTURE…HOW DO WE NURTURE…HOW DO WE NURTURE…HOW DO WE NURTURE…

��Global GraduatesGlobal Graduates�Students for jobs not yet inventedjobs not yet invented� 21st Century skills required in the workplacerequired in the workplace�The Net GenerationNet Generation� Students’ Language Barrier Language Barrier to Thinking�Students for the Innovation EconomyInnovation Economy��OurselvesOurselves to become 21 st Century…

““Learn, relearn and unlearn!Learn, relearn and unlearn!””

“It’s Not ADD—I’m Just Not Listening! ”

*ADD - Attention Deficit Disorder

Quote: http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ERM0553.pdf

MaturesMaturesBabyBaby

BoomersBoomers

GenerationGeneration

XX

NetNet

GenerationGeneration

Birth Dates 1900–1946 1946–1964 1965–1982 19821982––19911991

Description Greatest generation Me generation Latchkey

generationMillennials

Attributes Command and Optimistic Independent Hopeful

The Net Generation?The Net Generation?

Attributes Command and

control

Self-sacrifice

Optimistic

Workaholic

Independent

ScepticalHopeful

Determined

Likes Respect for authority

Family

Community

involvement

Responsibility

Work ethic

Can-do attitude

Freedom

Multitasking

Work-life

balance

Public activism

Latest

technology

Parents

Dislikes Waste

Technology

Laziness

Turning 50

Red tape

HypeAnything slow

Negativity

Source: http://www.educause.edu/educatingthenetgen/5989

Time to Time to Time to Time to

study?study?

The Net Generation’s The Net Generation’s

Online Learning Space!Online Learning Space!

The Language Barrier to Thinking…The Language Barrier to Thinking…

Language is a powerful tool that enables

you to articulate/express your thoughts,

feelings, and experiences symbolically.

It is probably the

“I know what I want to say, but I justI just can’t find the right words.”can’t find the right words.”“I know what I want to say, but I justI just can’t find the right words.”can’t find the right words.”

It is probably the

most important

tool your thinking

process has.

Think in one language, Think in one language,

articulate in another!articulate in another!The relationshiprelationship between thinking and language between thinking and language

is interactiveis interactive; both processes are continuously

influencing each other in many ways.

Clear and precise language leads to Clear and precise language leads to Clear and precise language leads to Clear and precise language leads to clear and precise thinking.clear and precise thinking.

Clear LanguageClear LanguageSpecificDistinctPrecise Accurate

Clear ThinkingClear ThinkingSpecificDistinctPrecise Accurate

Nurturing students for the…?Nurturing students for the…?

BioBioITIT

BitsBits GenesGenes

Photons

NeuroNeuroNanoNano

AtomsAtoms NeuronsNeurons

Qubits

“The Innovation economy is coming. It will bring sweeping global change that affects

everyone…Those who embrace innovation and adapt quickly will Those who embrace innovation and adapt quickly will

winwin…The Innovation economy is a revolution in how individuals use ideas, knowledge,

and conduct commerce.” – James Canton

2121stst Century EducatorCentury EducatorChallengeChallenge

Content Vs Process Content Vs Process �� Mindset ChangeMindset ChangeTech savvyTech savvy

LearningLearning--orientedorientedEngagingEngaging

SensitiveSensitive

EmpathyEmpathy

No Time To Think!No Time To Think!I don’t have time for I don’t have time for

this nonsense!

I got to cover 17

chapters in 14

weeks!

“Teaching is not rocket science. It is, in fact,

far more complex and demanding work than

rocket science.” - Richard F. Elmore

Should I Consider Moving?Should I Consider Moving?Should I Consider Moving?Should I Consider Moving?

One One

Line?Line?

Imagine the pattern of dots below

drawn on a sheet of paper.

Your task is to join all nine dots using only four four

straight linesstraight lines, without lifting your pencil from

the paper and without retracing the lines.

Ways to Infuse…Ways to Infuse…Ways to Infuse…Ways to Infuse…

DirectlyIndirectly

Thinking Into All Subjects Teach Thinking Skills

Both you do,I sense

SUCCESSSUCCESS.

Connectivisim

Experiential learning

Constructive Alignment

Action Learning

Andragogy

Ubuntugogy

Ergonagy

Constructivism

Technogogy

Sensory Stimulation TheoryReinforcement theory

Cognitive-Gestalt approaches

Facilitation theory

Heutagogy

Andragogy

Cognitivism

More: http://tip.psychology.org/index.html

Behaviorism

Course Goals

Learning Outcomes

Constructive AlignmentConstructive Alignment

"Good teaching is getting most students to use the higher cognitive level processes that the more academic students use spontaneously.” -John Biggs

Learning Activities Assessment

AlignmentAlignment

Kinaesthetic/PracticalKinaesthetic/Practical Interpersonal/SocialInterpersonal/Social

Naturalist/EnvironmentalistNaturalist/EnvironmentalistMusical/RhythmicMusical/Rhythmic

Visual/SpatialVisual/Spatial

Logical/MathematicalLogical/Mathematical

Verbal/AudioVerbal/Audio

Intrapersonal/SelfIntrapersonal/Self

Gaming/SimulationGaming/Simulation

REFLECT DEEPLY!REFLECT DEEPLY!

VideotapesVideotapes Role Play Role Play

Panel of Experts Panel of Experts

GamesGames

SimulationSimulation

Field TripsField Trips

InterviewsInterviews

LectureLecture

DiscussionDiscussion

BrainstormingBrainstorming

Small Group DiscussionSmall Group DiscussionDebateDebate

Guest SpeakerGuest Speaker

Lab ExperimentsLab Experiments

PresentationsPresentations

The Learning Pyramid?Average

retention rate

50%50%

75%75%

Discussion Group

Practice by Doing

Teaching Others 90%90%

5%5%

10%10%

20%20%

30%30%

50%50%

Adapted from: http://www.geography.utoledo.edu/eod/Learning%20Pyramid.jpg

Lecture

Reading

Audiovisual

Demonstration

Discussion Group

Let’s explore 12 rules about how our Let’s explore 12 rules about how our BRAIN learns….BRAIN learns….Let’s explore 12 rules about how our Let’s explore 12 rules about how our BRAIN learns….BRAIN learns….

1.1. EXERCISEEXERCISE - Exercise boosts brain power.

2.2. SURVIVALSURVIVAL - The human brain evolved, too.

3.3. WIRINGWIRING - Every brain is wired differently.

4.4. ATTENTIONATTENTION - We don't pay attention to boring things.

5.5. SHORTSHORT--TERM TERM MEMORYMEMORY - Repeat to remember.

6.6. LONGLONG--TERM TERM MEMORYMEMORY - Remember to repeat.

Source: http://www.brainrules.net/

Before Teaching anything, let’s explore Before Teaching anything, let’s explore 12 rules about our BRAIN….12 rules about our BRAIN….Before Teaching anything, let’s explore Before Teaching anything, let’s explore 12 rules about our BRAIN….12 rules about our BRAIN….

7.7. SLEEPSLEEP - Sleep well, think well.

8.8. STRESSSTRESS - Stressed brains don't learn the same way.

9.9. SENSORY SENSORY INTEGRATION INTEGRATION - Stimulate more of the senses.

10.10.VISIONVISION - Vision trumps all other senses.

11.11.GENDERGENDER - Male and female brains are different.

12.12.EXPLORATIONEXPLORATION - We are powerful and natural explorers.


REMEMBER!REMEMBER!REMEMBER!REMEMBER!“If If keeping someone’s keeping someone’s attention in attention in a a

lecture was a business, lecture was a business, it would it would have have an 80% failure ratean 80% failure rate .“

- Dr. John Medina- Dr. John Medina


Tips!Tips!Tips!Tips!�After 10 minutes, audience attention steadily drops.�Do something emotionally relevant at each 10-

minute mark to regain attention (story, video, activity, etc.)

Learning SpacesLearning Spaces

Source: http://www.educause.edu/LearningSpaces/10569

Constructing Learning spaces that Constructing Learning spaces that inspire inspire

students to think and learnstudents to think and learn

Source: http://www.educause.edu/LearningSpaces/10569

If you cannot afford, why not build one in If you cannot afford, why not build one in

Second LifeSecond Life……

Second Life: http://secondlife.com/

Or explore the wonders outside…Or explore the wonders outside…

Attribute ListingAttribute Listing

Curriculum Framing QuestionsCurriculum Framing Questions

Five Ws and HFive Ws and H

Force Field AnalysisForce Field Analysis

ProvocationProvocationSWOT AnalysisSWOT Analysis

Socratic QuestioningSocratic Questioning

Concept FanConcept Fan

CoRTCoRTDisney Creativity StrategyDisney Creativity StrategyDO ITDO IT

Ishikawa DiagramIshikawa Diagram

Mind MappingMind Mapping

Reframing MatrixReframing Matrix

Six Thinking HatsSix Thinking Hats

180180++ Thinking Tools: Thinking Tools: http://www.mycoted.com/Category:Creativity_Techniques

What is a Thinking Tool?What is a Thinking Tool?

A Thinking Thinking ToolTool is an instrument that can help us in using our minds systematically, collectively

and effectively. With the use of thinking tools, the intended ideas will be arranged more

systematically, clearly, and easy to be understood.

Edward de BonoEdward de Bono

“The six thinking hats is a method “The six thinking hats is a method

for doing one sort of thinking at a time.”for doing one sort of thinking at a time.”

ObjectiveObjectiveNegativeNegative

ProcessProcess

CreativeCreative

PositivePositiveFeelingsFeelings

Benefits of Using 6 Thinking HatsBenefits of Using 6 Thinking HatsBenefits of Using 6 Thinking HatsBenefits of Using 6 Thinking Hats

�Role-playing (Put the hat on, take the hat off, switch hats, and signal your thinking)

�Encourage creative, parallel and lateral thinking �Improve communication �Speed up decision making �Speed up decision making �Avoid debate �Detaching the Ego�Occasional Use (Single Hat)�Sequence Use

White Hat White Hat -- ObjectiveObjective

Facts, Figures, Data and InformationFacts, Figures, Data and Information

Questions:

• What information do we have here?

• What information is missing?

• What information would we like to have?

• How are we going to get the information?

Red Hat Red Hat –– FeelingsFeelingsRed Hat Red Hat –– FeelingsFeelings

Feelings, Intuition, Emotions and HunchesFeelings, Intuition, Emotions and Hunches

No need to justify the feelings. How do I feel about this right now?

Examples:�My gut-feeling is that this will not work. �I don't like the way this is being done. �This proposal is terrible. �My intuition tells me that prices will fall soon.

Black Hat Black Hat -- NegativeNegativeBlack Hat Black Hat -- NegativeNegative

Caution, Difficulty, Judgment and Assessment

Questions:�Is this true? �Will it work?

Critical Thinking

�Will it work? �What are the weaknesses? �What is wrong with it?

ThinkingHat

Yellow Hat Yellow Hat -- PositivePositiveYellow Hat Yellow Hat -- PositivePositive

Benefits, Feasibility and OptimismBenefits, Feasibility and Optimism

Questions:�Why is this worth doing? �Why is this worth doing? �What are the benefits? �Why can it be done? �Why will it work?

Green Hat Green Hat -- CreativeCreativeGreen Hat Green Hat -- CreativeCreative

Creative Ideas, Alternatives, Suggestions, and Creative Ideas, Alternatives, Suggestions, and ProposalsProposals

Questions:�Are there any additional alternatives? �Are there any additional alternatives? �Could we do this in a different way? �Could there be another explanation? �What are some possible solutions and courses of

action?

Sequence Use Sequence Use –– Seeking an Idea Seeking an Idea

White Gather available information.

Green Explore and generate alternatives.

Yellow Assess the benefits and feasibility of each alterna tive.

Black Assess the weaknesses of each alternative.

Green Further develop the most promising alternatives and make a choice.

Blue Summarize and assess what has been achieved so far.

Black Make the final judgment on the chosen alternative.

Red Find out the feelings on the outcome.

Sequence Use Sequence Use –– Reacting to a Presented IdeaReacting to a Presented Idea

Red Find out the existing feelings about the idea.

Yellow Find out the benefits in the idea.

Black Point out the weaknesses, problems and dangers in t he idea.

Green See if the idea can be modified to strengthen the y ellow-hat benefits and to overcome the black -hat problems.benefits and to overcome the black -hat problems.

White See if available information can help in modifying the idea to make it more acceptable.

Green Develop the final suggestion.

Black Judge the final suggestion.

Red Find out the feeling on the outcome.

Sequence Use Sequence Use –– Short SequencesShort SequencesSequence Use Sequence Use –– Short SequencesShort Sequences

�Yellow/Black/Red : Quick assessment (idea)�White/Green : Generate ideas�Black/Green : Improve an existing idea�Blue/Green : Summarize & suggest alternatives�Blue/Yellow : Any benefits? (e.g. the idea)�Blue/Yellow : Any benefits? (e.g. the idea)�Etc…

“...Be open“...Be open--minded and creative about minded and creative about the sequence use, too!”the sequence use, too!”

Free Free ee--Learning Learning Tools?Tools?LMS

CMS

Wikis

LCMSRSS

E-mail

Survey

Virtual WorldsBlogging Chat

Mind maps

Cartoons

Aggregators

Social Networking

Podcasting

© 2005 UNITAR All Rights Reserved

Groups

Digital Library

E-PortfolioGames

Forum

Authoring

Virtual Classroom

QuizCartoons

Social Bookmarking

File Sharing

Instant Messaging

Screencasting

130130++ FREE eFREE eFREE eFREE eFREE eFREE eFREE eFREE e--------Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!URL: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/04/free-learning-tool-for-every-learning.html

MERLOTMERLOT

MIT OCWMIT OCWUT OCWUT OCW

CLOECLOE

ARIADNEARIADNE

eGranary Digital LibraryeGranary Digital Library WikipediaWikipedia

Gutenberg ProjectGutenberg Project

Fathom ArchiveFathom Archive

Harvey Project Harvey Project ICONEXICONEX

PEOIPEOI

JHSPH OCWJHSPH OCW SciQSciQ

W3SchoolsW3Schools

RDNRDN

Free Learning Content?Free Learning Content?

WOW!


OLIOLIConnexionsConnexions

CAREOCAREOSOFIASOFIA

Stanford on iTunesStanford on iTunes

Tufts OCWTufts OCWUSU OCWUSU OCW

DLORNDLORN

ee--LeeLee

Gutenberg ProjectGutenberg Project

Lydia Global RepositoryLydia Global Repository

OOPSOOPS OpeOpen Yale Coursesn Yale Courses

WebJunctionWebJunction

CORECORE

PEOIPEOI

OAISTEROAISTER

OER + OCW: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/06/university-learning-ocw-oer-free.html

WOW!

Assignment

Project

QuizExam

Portfolio Rubrics

Bloom’s Taxonomy

Assignment

Lab Exercise

Peer-Assessment

Reflective JournalsSolo Taxonomy

Kirkpatrick’s 4 Levels of Evaluation

Solo TaxonomySolo Taxonomy

Biggs, John. (1999) Teaching for Quality Learning at University.

Buckingham: SRHE, p47.

Surface Understanding Deep Understanding

Kirkpatrick's Four Levels of…Kirkpatrick's Four Levels of…Kirkpatrick's Four Levels of…Kirkpatrick's Four Levels of…

New knowledge, skills, or attitudes

Result of training/course as it

relates to different business factors (e.g.

productivity, profit, costs, product/service

quality)?

EvaluationEvaluation

Reaction of learners to

the training/course (e.g.

motivation and

satisfaction)?

Knowledge acquired,

skills improved, or attitudes

changed?

New knowledge, skills, or attitudes

being applied on the job?

“To be playful and serious at the same

time is possible, and it defines the ideal

mental condition.” – John Dewey

Your Your

Answer?Answer?

Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/03/coaching-critical-thinking-to-think.html

Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!


I was asked to lead and transform the

‘Critical Thinking’ ‘Critical Thinking’ course, which is a requirement for all

undergraduate students.




Course Reengineering Needed?Course Reengineering Needed?

Yes!Yes! Yes!Yes! Yes!Yes! Yes!Yes!

StudentStudent TutorTutor ContentContent PedagogyPedagogy




Learning?Learning?

TopicsTopics� Critical Thinking

�Thinking Tools

�Arguments

ReasoningReasoning

Course Reengineering Course Reengineering

�

�Fallacies

�Language

�Decision Making

�Problem SolvingCRITICAL CRITICAL

THINKINGTHINKING

SKILLSSKILLS

AnalyzingAnalyzing EvaluatingEvaluating

Decision MakingDecision Making Problem SolvingProblem Solving



Content Strategy




� Warm Up (5 – 15 minutes) A few brain stimulating activities (puzzle, video, question, issue, quote, etc.).

� Lecture & Discussion (30– 40 minutes)Explore, discuss and reflect together with the students the ‘Thinking Menu’ of the day.

Warm UpWarm Up

Lecture &Lecture &


F2F Tutorials

� Group Activities (45 - 55 minutes) Small groups (4- 6 participants) collaborate on thinking activities, nurturing also leadership, time management, reasoning, organizing, collaboration, communication, writing and presentation skills.

� Sum Up (5-10 minutes) Summarize the content and synthesize/evaluate/ reflect the group activity findings.


Group Group

ActivitiesActivities

Sum UpSum Up




AssessmentParticipationParticipation 5%5%

Online ForumsOnline Forums 5%5%

QuizzesQuizzes 15%15%

Group Project ReportGroup Project Report 10%10%

I want more

marks for

participation.

It takes time

to change

the rules.

Group Project ReportGroup Project Report 10%10%

Group Project Presentation Group Project Presentation 15%15%

Final Examination Final Examination 50%50%

TotalTotal 100%100%



RESULTSRESULTS

�Level 1 – Satisfaction = A- (90%)�Level 2 - Learning = A (92.9% pass)�Level 3 - Application = Some Idea!�Level 4 – Results = No Idea!�Level 4 – Results = No Idea!

“…Thank you for your guidance and not forgetting your lively classes. It's been a month since the exam and I must say all the fallacies learnt remain and is being applied in everyday reading materials and

at workplace with…(Student)”Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/03/coaching-critical-thinking-to-think.html

“A person who asks questions is a “A person who asks questions is a

person who thinksperson who thinks.”.” - William Wilen

LEARNING? LEARNING? LEARNING? LEARNING?

Which expression matches Which expression matches Your Satisfaction Your Satisfaction with this workshop until now?with this workshop until now?

Source: http://www.ridethatpony.com/calvin1.jpg

Success FactorsSuccess FactorsSuccess FactorsSuccess FactorsEducator’s Ability � Subject mastery� Instructional design� Digital literacy� Teaching and facilitation � Emotional Intelligence� Lifelong learning � Thinking infusion � Thinking infusion � Creativity� Motivation and Inspiration

Student’s Readiness� Appropriate language ability� Cognitive skills and abilities� Positive disposition

Others� Policy and organizational/institutional support

Key Ingredients of Key Ingredients of Effective LearningEffective Learning

Using Roger Schank’s (2002) seven (7) criteria for assessing the

effectiveness of a course:

CRITERIA Description Examples

FFailure Enable failures that surprise the student.

Include challenging individual/group activities, games, simulations, etc.

RReasoning Encourage practice in reasoning.

Group discussions, forums, chat, blogs & wikis.


Emotionality Evoke emotional reactions (feelings) in the student.

Emotionally evoking relevant stories that are preferably real.

Exploration Promote exploration, curiosity and enable inquiry.

Web quests, aggregators, social bookmarking, e-portfolio & groupware.

Doing Encourage practice in doing. We learn so that we can do.

Activities, lab exercises, games, puzzles, or the real thing (if possible).

Observation Allow students to see things for themselves.

Observe the real thing/world if possible. If not use the virtual/artificial alternative.

Motivation Supply or build upon existing motivation.

Make it relevant, interesting & enjoyable. Simply ask the students what motivates them.

Source: http://www.amazon.com/Designing-World-Class-E-Learning-University-Succeeding/dp/0071377727

In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…�There is NO ‘silver-bullet’ model that can be applied for

all types and level of courses.

�Encourage faculties and lecturers to explore alternative approaches depending upon the capacity of the students and types of courses that are being facilitated. students and types of courses that are being facilitated.

� Involve students more in the learning process and encourage them to reflect on their own thinking in discussing issues.

�Encourage tolerance for ambiguity in the learning process.

In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…� Be open-minded about trying and exploring alternative approaches

to facilitate the learning process.

� Have flexibility to change the direction during the implementation process if the learning outcomes are not being achieved.

� Encourage students to work in groups in solving problems, making decisions, and presenting ideas.

� Explore (free) e-Learning tools to facilitate more efficient and effective learning.

� Explore free learning content (e.g. OCW) available online, which could be used for your course, or inspire you with new ideas on how to facilitate more effective learning.

ConstructiveConstructiveThinkingThinking

InnovativeInnovativeThinkingThinking

COMPETENCIESCOMPETENCIES

ExpertiseEntrepreneurshipCreating Value &

• Experiential • Reflective• Receptive• Sharing• Caring

ThinkingThinking

CriticalCriticalThinkingThinking

CreativeCreativeThinkingThinking

EntrepreneurshipLeadershipLifelong LearningKnowledge SharingCreativityAdaptability CommunicationSensitivity TeamworkEthicsICT

Creating Value &Usefulness from

Ideas

Generating New Ideas

• Analysis• Synthesizing • Reasoning• Problem Solving• Decision Making

Resource BlitzResource Blitz

URL: http://www.visiblebody.com/

Free Typing Tutors Free Typing Tutors ☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺

• Peter’s Online Typing Course

http://www.typing-lessons.org/

• Rapid Typing (Game)

http://www.rapidtyping.com/

2008 - Zaid Ali Alsagoff

http://www.rapidtyping.com/

• PowerTyping http://www.powertyping.com/

• BBC Typing Tutorial

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/typing/

Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/01/peters-online-typing-course-extremely.html

Learning Management System (LMS) Learning Management System (LMS)

http://moodle.org/


Free Hosted LMSFree Hosted LMS

http://www.nfomedia.com/http://www.lectureshare.com/

http://www.edu20.org/http://www.myicourse.com/

http://www.elearningcommunity.com/

Learning Activity Management SystemLearning Activity Management System

http://www.lamsinternational.com/


Authoring ToolsAuthoring Tools

http://courselab.com/ http://www.exelearning.org/

2008 - Zaid Ali AlsagoffSource: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/08/courselab-100-free-e-learning-authoring.html

Virtual ClassroomsVirtual Classrooms

http://www.wiziq.com/http://www.dimdim.com/


Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/12/wiziq-free-virtual-classroom-tool.html

http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/12/dimdim-worlds-free-virtual-classroom.html

BlogsBlogs

https://www.blogger.com/ http://wordpress.com/

WikisWikis

http://www.wetpaint.com/ http://www.wikispaces.com/

Online OfficeOnline Office

http://docs.google.com http://www.zoho.com/

Custom Sign GeneratorCustom Sign Generatorhttp://www.customsigngenerator.com/

Offers thousands of free dynamic JPEG, GIF and PNG image creators, enabling

you to create personalized graphics.

2008 - Zaid Ali AlsagoffSource: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/01/custom-sign-generator-create-1000s-of.html

SCREEN RECORDING TOOLSSCREEN RECORDING TOOLS

• Winkhttp://www.debugmode.com/wink/

• CamStudio

http://camstudio.org/

• Webinaria• Webinaria

http://www.webinaria.com/

• Jinghttp://www.jingproject.com/

Google Custom Search Google Custom Search Google Custom Search Google Custom Search

With Google Custom Search Engine, you can create a search create a search engine tailored to your needsengine tailored to your needs , which can include one

website, multiple websites, or specific web-pages.

http://www.google.com/coop/cse/

2008 - Zaid Ali AlsagoffSource: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/01/google-custom-search-for-openfree.html

YouTube Catcher YouTube Catcher

http://www.youtubecatcher.com/

Download YouTube Videos!

Comic Creating ToolsComic Creating ToolsComic Creating ToolsComic Creating Tools�ToonDoo

http://www.toondoo.com/

�Wittyhttp://www.wittycomics.com/


�Kerpoofhttp://www.kerpoof.com/

�Makebeliefscomixhttp://www.makebeliefscomix.com/

Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/11/toondoo-create-your-own-cartoons-comics.html

Flash GamesFlash Games

http://www.classtools.net/

2008 - Zaid Ali AlsagoffMore Games: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/07/creating-educational-games-for-online.html

Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/08/classtoolsnet-create-educational-flash.html

Mind Mapping SoftwareMind Mapping Software

http://freemind.sourceforge.net/


Collaboration & Social NetworkingCollaboration & Social Networking

http://www.ning.com/ http://www.facebook.com/


Audio Recorder/EditorAudio Recorder/Editor

http://audacity.sourceforge.net/

Virtual WorldsVirtual Worlds

http://secondlife.com/

http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/


130+ Learning Tools…130+ Learning Tools…130+ Learning Tools…130+ Learning Tools…

URL: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/04/free-learning -tool-for-every-learning.html

…to solve learning problems and needs! …to solve learning problems and needs!

Other Interesting SitesOther Interesting SitesOther Interesting SitesOther Interesting Sites� Route 21

A one-stop-resource center for 21st century skills-related information, resources and community tools. You can even find videos here of 21st century skills in action in today’s classrooms. URL: http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/route21/

� New Horizons for LearningPresents articles and information on special issues in education, from restructuring schools to technology and adult education.URL: http://www.newhorizons.org/

� EDUCAUSE� EDUCAUSEA nonprofit association whose mission is to advance higher education by promoting the intelligent use of information technology. You can find hundreds of interesting resources, research papers and articles exploring everything from Second Life to lecturing.URL: http://www.educause.edu/

� Mind ToolsMore than 100 free essential life, career training and management training skill-builder articles and tools to explore.URL: http://www.mindtools.com/

� Successful LearningThis e-book discusses philosophies of learning, thinking skills, presentations skills, learning strategies, e-Learning, motivation, reading/writing skills and learning styles. Published by CDTL, National University of Singapore.URL: http://www.cdtl.nus.edu.sg/success/

Other Interesting SitesOther Interesting SitesOther Interesting SitesOther Interesting Sites� Critical Thinking Web

Provides over 100 free online tutorials on critical thinking, logic, scientific reasoning, creativity, and other aspects of thinking skills. This site is maintained by Dr. Joe Lau at the Philosophy Department, The University of Hong Kong. URL: http://philosophy.hku.hk/think/

� Argumentation and Critical Thinking TutorialThe tutorials consist of a series of tests to help reinforce your knowledge and understanding of some basic concepts associated with making arguments and thinking critically (Humboldt State University).URL: http://www.humboldt.edu/~act/HTML/

� Interactive Thinking ToolsIntel provides online tools designed to promote higher-order thinking in any subject. Each tool features an online workspace where students create and save visual representations of their thinking. URL: http://www.intel.com/education/tools/

� CoRT & Six Thinking HatsTwo wonderful thinking tools by Edward de Bono, which we can use in the classroom, at work, or any place where we need to collaboratively solve problems, make decisions, and nurture innovative ideas.URL: http://schoolnet.gov.mt/thinkingskills/thinkingtools.htm

� Work-Learning Research Dr. Will Thalheimer's goal has been to compile research from the world's preeminent refereed journals and translate that research with practical wisdom to help learning professionals create more effective learning. Check it out!URL: http://www.work-learning.com/

Teaching MethodsTeaching MethodsTeaching MethodsTeaching Methods

� Problem Based LearningURL: http://www.queensu.ca/ctl/goodpractice/problem/index.html

� Criteria for Authentic Project-Based LearningURL: http://www.rmcdenver.com/useguide/pbl.htm

� Designing Effective Projects (Intel) URL: http://www97.intel.com/en/ProjectDesign/

� Case-Based Learning� Case-Based LearningURL: http://www.queensu.ca/ctl/goodpractice/case/index.html

� Teaching with the Case MethodURL: http://www.teaching.iub.edu/wrapper_big.php?section_id=case

� Case Based Learning in Your ClassesURL: http://cstl-csm.semo.edu/waterman/CBL/

� Rubrics– Creating Rubrics: http://www.teachervision.fen.com/teaching-methods-and-

management/rubrics/4521.html– Sample Rubrics: http://www.winona.edu/AIR/rubrics.htm– Holistic Critical Thinking Scoring Rubric (HCTSR):

http://www.insightassessment.com/HCTSR.html

Other VideosOther VideosOther VideosOther Videos

� Pay AttentionThis presentation, simply entitled Pay Attention, was created by Darren Draper in an effort to motivate teachers to more effectively use technology in their teaching. URL: http://t4.jordan.k12.ut.us/t4/content/view/221/35/

� Five Minute UniversityFather Guido Sarducci teaches what an average college Father Guido Sarducci teaches what an average college graduate knows after five years from graduation in five minutes. A great video to facilitate discussion about effective learning with a bit of humor. URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kO8x8eoU3L4

� Do Schools Kill CreativitySir Ken Robinson makes an entertaining and profoundly moving case for creating an education system that nurtures (rather than undermines) creativity. URL: http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/view/id/66

Other VideosOther VideosOther VideosOther Videos

� Web 2.0 ... The Machine is Using UsThe evolution of knowledge creation, management and sharing in creative and stimulating way.URL: http://youtube.com/watch?v=NLlGopyXT_g

� Teaching Teaching & Understanding UnderstandingA 19-minute award-winning short-film about teaching at the University. It shows examples of good and bad teaching, and promotes It shows examples of good and bad teaching, and promotes constructive alignment learning approach using Solo Taxonomy to test students' level of understanding (deep understanding?).URL: http://www.daimi.au.dk/~brabrand/short-film/

� Five Minds for the FutureHoward Gardner speaks about his book, Five Minds for the Future explaining why, in the future, it will be important to develop five kinds of minds, both in school and in other educational environments.URL: http://forum.wgbh.org/wgbh/forum.php?lecture_id=3560

Contact DetailsContact Details

Zaid Ali AlsagoffZaid Ali AlsagoffE-Learning Manager, INCEIFE-Learning Manager, INCEIF

E-mail: [email protected]: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/