informe de laboratorio 2º de fisicoquimica

7/26/2019 Informe de Laboratorio 2 de Fisicoquimica

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2 INFORME DE FISICOQUIMICA FIGMM-UNI

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE

INGENIERIAFACULTAD DE INGENIERIA GEOLOGICA MINERA Y

METALURGICA

2 LABORATORIO DE FISICO-QUIMICA

TEMA: PARMETROS FISICOQUMICOS DE DISTINTAS MUESTRAS DEAGUAS

PROFESOR: ING. LOBATO FLORES ,ARTURO

ALUMNO: TREBEJO INOCENTE JHON OLIVER

LIMA 2015


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INTRODUCCIN:

Como muchas disci!i"as# !a $%&modi"'mica su&(% d% !os &oc%dimi%"$os %m)&icos *u% !!%+a&o" a !aco"s$&ucci," d% %!%m%"$os *u% $%&mi"a&o" si%"do mu .$i!%s a&a %! d%sa&&o!!o d% !a +ida d%!hom/&%0

La $%&modi"'mica s% %"ca&(a d% %s$udia& a"a!i1a& !os i"$%&cam/ios d% %"%&()a %" o&ma d% ca!o&*u% s% !!%+a" a ca/o %"$&% u" sis$%ma o$&o# a&a %!!o s% c%"$&a %" %! i"$%&io& d% 3s$os0 A !asma("i$ud%s mac&osc,icas *u% s% &%!acio"a" co" %! %s$ado i"$%&"o d% u" sis$%ma s% !%s !!amacoo&d%"adas $%&modi"'micas4 3s$as "os +a" a auda& a d%$%&mi"a& !a %"%&()a i"$%&"a d%! sis$%ma0E" &%sum%"# %! i" .!$imo d% !a $%&modi"'mica %s %"co"$&a& %"$&% !as coo&d%"adas $%&modi"'micas&%!acio"%s (%"%&a!%s coh%&%"$%s co" !os &i"ciios /'sicos d% !a )sica0

Es$a disci!i"a /asa sus a"'!isis %" a!(u"as !%%s5 La L% 6c%&o6# &%%&%"$% a! co"c%$o d%

$%m%&a$u&a# !a 7&im%&a L% d% !a $%&modi"'mica# *u% "os ha/!a d%! &i"ciio d% co"s%&+aci," d% !a%"%&()a# !a S%(u"da L% d% !a $%&modi"'mica# *u% "os d%i"% a !a %"$&o)a0 A co"$i"uaci," +amos aha/!a& d% cada u"a d% %s$as !%%s# haci%"do hi"cai3 %" !a s%(u"da !% %! co"c%$o d% %"$&o)a0


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OBJETIVO

8%&iica& !a L% d% Bo!% o %! &oc%so iso$3&mico d% !a &im%&a %9%&i%"cia d% !os (as%s %! c%&oa/so!u$o4 com&o/a& !a L% d% Ga Lussac# %+a!ua"do !as %9%&i%"cias d%sd% %! u"$o d% +is$a d%!a $%&modi"'mica0


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FUNDAMENTO TERICO

7a&a com&%"d%& m%:o& !as $&a"so&macio"%s o &oc%sos $%&modi"'micos d% u" (as %s "%c%sa&iod%i"i& a!(u"os $3&mi"os0

S!"#$%& #$'%()!*+%!(

7o&ci," d% u"i+%&so *u% s% %"cu%"$&a s%a&ado d%! m%dio o sus a!&%d%do&%s m%dia"$% !)mi$%s d%!sis$%ma0 U" sis$%ma $%&modi"'mico u%d% s%& a/i%&$o cua"do ha i"$%&cam/io d% ma$%&ia %"%&()aco" %! m%dio %9$%&io c%&&ado si %! sis$%ma &%a!i1a i"$%&cam/io d% %"%&()a# mas "o d% ma$%&ia4 ais!ado cua"do "o ha i"$%&cam/io d% ma$%&ia "i %"%&()a0

C&(' Q/

Es !a %"%&()a a/so&/ida o !i/%&ada du&a"$% u" &oc%so $%&modi"'mico0 Cua"do %! ca!o& %s !i/%&adoo& %! sis$%ma s% co"sid%&a "%(a$i+o cua"do %s a/so&/ido s% co"sid%&a osi$i+o0

T'&&( /

Es !a +a&iaci," *u% %9%&im%"$a u" sis$%ma %" su +o!um%"# a s%a du&a"$% u"a %9a"si," ocom&%"si,"0 S% dic% *u% %s osi$i+o cua"do %s &%a!i1ado o& %! sis$%ma "%(a$i+o cua"do %s&%a!i1ado so/&% %! sis$%ma0

E*$'34& !*#$'*& E/

E"%&()a &%su!$a"$% o $o$a! *u% os%%" !as mo!3cu!as d% u" (as# !a cua! %s$' co"s$i$uida o& !a %"%&()aci"3$ica# %"%&()a o$%"cia!# %"%&()a d% &o$aci,"# %$c0La +a&iaci," d% !a %"%&()a i"$%&"a d%%"d% ."icam%"$% d% !a $%m%&a$u&a a/so!u$a %si"d%%"di%"$% d% !a $&a%c$o&ia o &oc%so *u% su&% %! (as0

E*#&!& 6H/

Ca!o& a/so&/ido o !i/%&ado du&a"$% u"a &%acci," *u)mica# ma"$%"i%"do !a &%si," co"s$a"$%0 7a&as,!idos !)*uidos !a ; < %s i(ua! a !a +a&iaci," d% %"%&()a i"$%&"a0 7a&a !os (as%s s% $i%"%5

H = E + PV = Qp


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E*#'(4& S/

M%dida d%! %s$ado d% d%so&d%" d% u" sis$%ma0 E" $odo sis$%ma ais!ado $i%"d% si%m&% a u" %s$adod% mao& d%so&d%" o mao& %"$&o)a0 La +a&iaci," d% %"$&o)a a&a u" (as %s mao& *u% a&a u"!)*uido 3s$% a&a u" s,!ido0

dS=(dQT)

rev

PRIMERA LE7 DE LA TERMODIN8MICALa !% %9&%sa# *u% a&a ci%&$a ca"$idad d% u"a o&ma d% %"%&()a *u% d%saa&%c%# o$&a o$&aso&mas d% 3s$as $%"d&'" *u% aa&%c%& d% ma"%&a *u% su suma %s %9ac$am%"$% i(ua! a !a *u%d%saa&%ci,0 E" $3&mi"os m's co"c&%$os %! ca!o& s%&+i&' a&a aum%"$a& !a %"%&()a i"$%&"a d%!sis$%ma4 $am/i3" a&a &%a!i1a& a!(." $&a/a:o %9$%&io& *u% %! sis$%ma u%da %%c$ua& co" &%su!$adod% !a a/so&ci," d%! ca!o&0

E = Q - W

SEGUNDA LE7 DE LA TERMODIN8MICA

E" $odos !os "i+%!%s d% !a %9%&i%"cia huma"a s% o/s%&+a *u% !os &oc%sos "a$u&a!%s %s$'"acoma=ados o& u" aum%"$o %" %! d%so&d%"# o& u"a $%"d%"cia "a$u&a! hacia u"a m%1c!a %" $odos!os sis$%mas0

Todos !os sis$%mas ais!ados $i%"d%" a u" d%so&d%" m'9imo $odo &oc%so %so"$'"%o s% &%s%"$a%" u" sis$%ma ais!ado %s$' acoma=ado o& u" aum%"$o d%! d%so&d%"0 Cua"do u" sis$%ma ais!ados% %"cu%"$&a %" u" u"$o d% m'9imo d%so&d%"# d%:a&' d% cam/ia& a "i+%! mac&osc,ico4 !a &%si,"#$%m%&a$u&a# )"dic% d% &%&acci," $odas !as d%m's &oi%dad%s o/s%&+a/!%s s% ha&'" co"s$a"$%s#s% dic% *u% %! sis$%ma %s$' %" %*ui!i/&io0


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2 INFORME DE FISICOQUIMICA FIGMM-UNIS% ha co!ocado %! (&ado d% d%so&d%" %" u"a %sca!a cua"$i$a$i+a a! id%a& u"a ca"$idad d%"omi"adaE"$&o)a >;S?0 La E"$&o)a d% u" sis$%ma ais!ado $i%"d% a u" m'9imo0 Las &%accio"%s d%"$&o d% u"

sis$%ma ais!ado $i%"%" *u% %s$a& acoma=adas o& u" aum%"$o d% E"$&o)a0

TERCERA LE7 DE LA TERMODIN8MICA

La @&aL% ai&ma *u% !a E"$&o)a d% u" s,!ido %&%c$am%"$% c&is$a!i"o a # %s c%&o# ,s%a S 0A m%dida *u% s% %!%+a !a $%m%&a$u&a d% u"a sus$a"cia c&is$a!i"a u&a# su E"$&o)a aum%"$a0 La @ &a

L% "o %s u"a L% %" %! mismo s%"$ido *u% !a &a !a 2da# !a @&a "o u%d% com&o/a&s%%9%&im%"$a!m%"$% o&*u% s% u%d% a!ca"1a& a! c%&o a/so!u$o0

S0

= 0

P'($"( R$9$'"!$

Es $oda $&a"so&maci," %" *u% %! sis$%ma s% %"cu%"$&a i"i"i$am%"$% &,9imo a u" %s$ado d%%*ui!i/&io0Los &oc%sos5 Iso$3&mico# iso/'&ico# adia/'$ico so" &oc%sos &%+%&si/!%s0

U"a d% !as m's u"dam%"$a!%s ma"i%s$acio"%s# %" !a "a$u&a!%1a# %s !a %"%&()a *u% acoma=a a

$odos !os cam/ios $&a"so&macio"%s0 La o&ma m's &%cu%"$% %" *u% aa&%c% %"%&()a a !a *u%$i%"d% $odas !as d%m's %s %! ca!o ad%m's !a %"%&()a m%c'"ica# %!3c$&ica# *u)mica# &adia"$%# *u% s%%"cu%"$&a" a!mac%"adas %" $odas !as sus$a"cias0 D% %s$a i"$%&&%!aci," d% di+%&sas o&mas d%%"%&()a# %" u" sis$%ma# co"s$i$u%" %! o/:%$o d% !a $%&modi"'mica0


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W = p(VB - VA)

Q= nCP( TB - TA)

No ha +a&iaci," d% +o!um%" d%! (as

W = 0

Q = nCV(TB-TA)


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;U Q

W=nRTlnVf

Vi


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Ma$%&ia!%s

Tu/o "%umom3$&ico Tu/o d% (oma Soo&$% u"i+%&sa! T%&m,m%$&o 8aso Ba!," Amo!!a d% "i+%! 7i"1as Tu/os cai!a&%s M%ch%&o

7&o/%$a

PROCEDIMIENTO EPERIMENTAL

Como s% i"dic, a"$%&io&m%"$%# so!o $&a$amos dos $ios d% &oc%sos $%&modi"'micos5

P'($"( I"(#;'%!(

1. S% mo"$a %! %*uio s%(."5


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20 S% d%:a" u"os mi!i!i$&os d% ai&% >ocio"a!? %" %! $u/o "%umom3$&ico s% ci%&&a co" u"a i"1a%! co"%c$o& d% (oma0

@0 Lu%(o s% su/% /a:a !a amo!!a d% "i+%! a&a %9u!sa& !as /u&/u:as d% ai&% *u% u%d%"%"co"$&a&s% %" !os $u/os d% (oma0 7a&a as%(u&a&s% d% *u% $odas !as u"io"%s %s$3" /i%"c%&&adas s% hac% d%sc%"d%& !a amo!!a d% "i+%! s% o/s%&+a si %! "i+%! %" %! $u/o"%umom3$&ico %&ma"%c% co"s$a"$%0

0 Lu%(o d%/% d%:a&s% %! aa&a$o has$a *u% %! a(ua s% o"(a a !a $%m%&a$u&a am/i%"$%00 S% co!oca !a amo!!a d% "i+%! a u"a a!$u&a co"+%"i%"$% a&a *u% %! a(ua *u% co"$i%"%

%"&as% co" %! a(ua d%! $u/o >co" u" %&&o& m%"o& d% 0 m!?0H0 L%+a"$% !a amo!!a has$a *u% !a di%&%"cia d% "i+%!%s s%a d% # 2# @# # Y H cm0

>%s$o %s &%%&%"cia!?0 R%s%c$i+am%"$%# &%(is$&% %! +o!um%" %" cada caso00 R%(is$&% !a $%m%&a$u&a d%! a(ua !a &%si," a$mos3&ica0

D(" )$ &('('!(:

! H!%/ V%/1 J0 2#H

2 J0 22#

< J0@ 22#@

= J02 22#H

5 J0 2@#

> # 2@#

? -# 2@#

@ -#2 2#

-#@ 2#H

10 -# 2#K


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8o!um%" mu%&$o5 2# m!0

7&%si," /a&om3$&ica5 20 mmNm2?

E"$o"c%s# ha!!amos !as &%sio"%s ma"om3$&icas a&a cada u"a d% !as a!$u&as5

7a&a H1

P m1=1000Kg

m39,81

m

s20,5

Pm1=4905Pa

7a&a H2

P m1=1000Kg

m39,81

m

s20,4

P m1=3924Pa


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P m1=4905760101300

torr

P m1=36,79961torr

P m1=3924760101300

torr

P m1=29,43968torr

7a&a H

P m6=1000

Kg

m39,81

m

s20

Pm6=0Pa


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P m5=981760101300

torr

P m5=7,35992torr

P m6=0760101300

torr

P m6=0 torr

7a&a H?

P m7=1000Kg

m39,81m

s2(0.1)

Pm7=981Pa

P m7=981760101300

torr

P m7=7,35992 torr

7a&a H@

P m8=1000Kg

m3 9,81m

s2(0.2)

P m7=1962Pa

P m7=1962760

101300torr

Pm7=14,71984 torr

7a&a H

9=1000

Kg

m39,81

m

s2(0,3)

P m

P m1=2943Pa

P m1=2943760

101300torr

7a&a H10

P m10=1000

Kg

m39,81

m

s2(0,4)

Pm10=3924Pa

P m10=3924760

101300torr


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2 INFORME DE FISICOQUIMICA FIGMM-UNIPm

1=22,07976 torr Pm10=29,43968 torr

/?


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c? 7&%si," d% (as s%co >$o&&?

S% sa/% *u%5

||=PGH=PGS+PVH2 OP

E"$o"c%s5

PGS=PGHPVH2 O

Si co"sid%&amos


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2 INFORME DE FISICOQUIMICA FIGMM-UNIPGS9=730,0202430,043 torr=699,97724 torr

PGS10=722,6603230,043 torr=692,61732 torr

d? 8o!um%" d% (as s%co# +o!um%" d% (as h.m%do5

Como %! (as %s$' d%"$&o d% u" &%cii%"$%# %"$o"c%s %! +o!um%" d%! (as s%co %s %! mismo *u% %!+o!um%" d%! (as h.m%do0

Altura(m) V+V muerto(m!) V total(m!)

-=0 20K J 20 @0

-


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%? D%$%&mi"aci," d% !os +a!o&%s d%! &oduc$o 78 d%! (as s%co !as d%s+iacio"%s o&c%"$ua!&%s%c$o a !a m%dia5


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Pi #Vi (Pi #Vi)

20@KK 02HKK

2H0H 02H@

2H0@ 0@2

2H0 0H

2H0HH2 0K@

2H0K@@ 0@2H

2H0K22 02

2H0KK 0@@@

2H0H@ 0@HKH

2H0H 0@@@H2

? G&aica& 7 +s0 8 mos$&a"do co" u"a 9 !os u"$os %9%&im%"$a!%s >as) como su %cuaci,"a:us$ada?

V(ml) PG #S (torr)

@0 H20H@

@0@ H02

@H0K 0@@2@H0 0H

@H0 220

@0 20H

@0@ @H0HK

@0 0@HK


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2 INFORME DE FISICOQUIMICA FIGMM-UNI< @ cm

n8=709.080160.0556

62.4301 =0.00138207molgr

< cm

n9=

701.720240.05615

62.4301 =0.00138377molgr

< cm

n10=701.720240.05615

62.4301 =0.00138232molgr

Ca!cu!a"do !a m%dia >M%?

"e= n10=0.001381883

"e=0.001381883

Ca!cu!o d% d%s+iaci," %s$'"da&5

ni=|ni"e|

"e .100

ni ni

0@K2 02H@K

0@KK 02H2

0@K2K 0@@2

0@K 02

0@K@2 0K

0@KK2 0

0@K@ 02


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0@K2 0@@H

0@K@ 0@HK

0@K2@2 0@@


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W3&2=0.002102' 8.314

$

% Kmol' 301% Kln( 0.055600.05615 )=0.0517795 $

W2&1=0.002102' 8.314

$

% Kmol' 301% Kln( 0.055100.05560 )=0.0475187 $

W1&0=0.002102' 8.314

$

% Kmol' 301% Kln( 0.054500.05510 )=0.0575949 $

=. C&(' C&/ &'& &)& $#&&. C%( !*#$''$#& $ *$3!9( $$'!%$*#&%$*#$

D% !a &im%&a !% d% !a $%&modi"'mica5

A! s%& u" &oc%so iso$3&mico5 (=0

Q=W

7a&a cada %$aa s%&' i(ua! a! $&a/a:o# %&o como !o id%" %" ca! s% u$i!i1a5 02ca!

Q0&1W0&1=0.0387499 $=0.0092999 al

Q1&2=W1&2=0.04884236 $=0.0117221al

Q2&3=W2&3=0.0443492 $=0.0106438 al

Q3&4=W3&4=0.0547173 $=0.0131321 al

Q4&5=W4&5=0.0552925 $=0.0132702 al

Q5&3=W5&3=0.3988446 $=0.0957227 al

Q3&2=W3&2=0.0517795 $=0.01242708 al

Q2&1=W2&1=0.0475187$=0.0114044 al

(=QW


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Q1&0=W1&0=0.0575949 $=0.01382277 al

E! si("o "%(a$i+o "os i"dica *u% s% %s$' !i/%&a"do ca!o& %s$' &%a!i1a"do $&a/a:o so/&% %! sis$%ma#%9%&im%"$a!m%"$% a! su/i& !a amo!!a d% "i+%!# %! "i+%! d%! a(ua su/% %" %! $u/o "%umom%$&ico&%a!i1a"do u"a com&%"si," d%! (as %" %! sis$%ma0

5. H E &/ &'& &)& $#&&.

Como !a %"$a!ia !a %"%&()a i"$%&"a "o d%%"d%" d% !a !a $&a%c$o&ia# a! s%& u"ci," d% %s$ado5

(=)V dT H=)P dT # si T %s %*u%=o )P )V s% co"sid%&a"co"s$a"$%s0

E"$o"c%s (=)V T # H=)P T 0

A! s%& u" &oc%so iso$3&mico do"d% $&a/a:amos a $%m%&a$u&a co"s$a"$%

>T2KC@? & T=0

7o& !o $a"$o a&a cada %$aa (=0 * H=0 0

>. C&( )$ S &'& &)& $#&&.

La +a&iaci," d% %"$&o)a# s% &oduc% cua"do "o ha +a&iaci," d% $%m%&a$u&a >&oc%so iso$3&mico?s% d%i"% como5

T&a/a:a"do a&a cada %$aa5

S1S0=

Q0&1

T =

0.0092999 al301 % K

=3.089105al

% K

S=Q0&1

T


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S2S1=

Q1&2

T =

0.0117221al301% K

=3.8943105al

% K

S3S2=

Q2&3

T =

0.0106438al301 % K

=3.5361105al

% K

S4S3=

Q3&4

T =

0.0131321 al301 % K

=4.3628105al

% K

S5S4=

Q4&5

T =

0.0132702 al301 % K

=4.4087105al

% K

S3S5=

Q5&3

T

=0.0957227 al

301% K

=3.1801105al

% K

S2S3=Q3&2

T =

0.01242708 al301% K

=4.1285105al

% K

S2S3=

Q3&2

T =

0.01242708 al301 % K

=4.1285105al

% K

S1S2=

Q2&1

T =

0.0114044al301% K

=3.7888105al

% K

S0S1=

Q1&0

T =

0.01382277 al301% K =4.592210

5al

% K

?. C&( )$ A ($/.

A s% d%i"% como u"ci," d% %s$ado d%! sis$%ma4 A s% d%"omi"a !a %"%&()a d%


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2 INFORME DE FISICOQUIMICA FIGMM-UNI A=Q0&1

7%&o como "os id%" %" ou!%s# asi *u% u$i!i1amos %! $&a/a:o5

A=Q0&1=W0&1

A

1A

0=W

0&1=(0.0387499 $)=0.0387499 $

A2A1=W1&2=(0.04884236 $)=0.04884236 $

A3A2=W2&3=(0.0443492 $)=0.0443492 $

A4A3=W3&4=(0.0547173 $)=0.0547173 $

A5A4=W4&5=(0.0552925 $)=0.0552925 $

A3A5=W5&3=(0.3988446 $)=0.3988446 $

A2A3=W3&2=(0.0517795 $)=0.0517795 $

A1A2=W2&1=(0.0475187 $)=0.0475187 $

A0A1=W1&0=(0.0575949 $)=0.0575949 $

@. C&( )$ G &/.

La +a&iaci," d% %"%&()a !i/&% d% (i//s %s$' dada o& !a %cuaci,"5

G= HT S

D% !os da$os o/$%"idos a $%m%&a$u&a co"s$a"$%5

H=0 S=Q

0&1

T


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2 INFORME DE FISICOQUIMICA FIGMM-UNI G=Q0&1= A

7a&a cada %$aa5

G1G0=Q0&1=(0.0092999 al )=0.0092999 al

G2G

1=Q

1&2=(0.0117221al )=0.0117221al

G3G

2=Q

2&3=(0.0106438 al )=0.0106438 al

G4G3=Q3&4=(0.0131321 al )=0.0131321al

G5G4=Q4&5=(0.0132702 al )=0.0132702al

G3G5=Q5&3=(0.0957227al )=0.0957227al

G2G3=Q3&2=(0.01242708 al )=0.01242708al

G1G2=Q2&1=(0.0114044 al )=0.0114044 al

G0G1=Q1&0=(0.01382277 al )=0.01382277 al

PROCESO ISOCORO5

Co" %! /a!," com!%$am%"$% s%co# a&m% %! %*uio0


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30


a0 A"$%s d% a:us$a& %! $a," d% !a amo!!a d% "i+%!# +i%&$a a(ua a %s$a#


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31


8o!um%" >mL? T%m%&a$u&a >?

2


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32


2. NK%$'( )$ %($" %(-3'./ &'& &)& )$"9!&!* $"#+*)&' '$"$#( & & %$)!&.

7a&a %!!o "%c%si$a&%mos !os si(ui%"$%s da$os5

La &%si," ma"om3$&ica %s5 20 mm?

02J0 0


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33


n3=0.989'0.0588

0.0821'317 =0.00219976moles

n4=0.989' 0.05875

0.0821' 322 =0.00219789moles

n5=0.989'0.05872

0.0821'327 =0.00216317moles

n6=

0.989' 0.05870

0.0821'332 =0.00212987

moles

Aho&a ca!cu!amos !a m%dia >M%?:

"e=i=1

5

+i

6 =

0.01325504

6 =0.00220917moles

"e=,=0.00220917moles


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34


7 > v ?

7 > V2V1 ?

7%&o !a +a&iaci," d% $%m%&a$u&a %s a&o9imadam%"$% c%&o

V2V

10

7o& $a! mo$i+o %! $&a/a:o s%&'0

0

=. C&(' &/ &'& &)& $#&&.

7a&a %s$o usa&%mos !a si(ui%"$% ,&mu!a5

Q "0 C+0 ;TDo"d%5 T T%m%&a$u&a am/i%"$% @20

)v=4.9al

mol#-K

Q "0C+0>TP T?0.00229602 9 0 9 >@K0-@20?

Q 0H@ ca!

Q2 "20C+0>T2P T?0.00226833 9 0 9 >@2-@K0?

Q2 0@K2 ca!

Q@ "@0C+0>T@P T2? 0.00219976 9 0 9 >@-@2?

Q@ 0@K ca!


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35


Q "0C+0>TP T@? 0.00219789 9 0 9 >@22-@?

Q 0@KK ca!

Q "0C+0>TP T? 0.00216317 9 0 9 >@2-@22?

Q 02K ca!

QH "H0C+0>THP T? 0.00212987 9 0 9 >@@2-@2?

QH 02K ca!

5. 6H 6 E &/ &'& &)& $#&&.

D% !a &im%&a !% d% !a $%&modi"'mica sa/%mos56E Q - Ad%m's5 6H 6E

Ad%m's sa/%mos *u%

. C&( )$ 6S &'$& &)& $#&&. A"%& $ 6S $* "" (*)!!(*$" !*!!&$" $"$'(.

Sa/%mos *u%5

Do"d%5 6S 0

E"$o"c%s5

Lu%(o ha!!amos !a 6S a&a cada %$aa5

S= So+ )v #dTT

S1=)v # ln(TfTi )


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36


S

1=)v # ln(T1T

0)=4.9ln (308.5302.5)=0.09624 al-K

S

2=)v # ln(T2T1 )=4.9ln(

312

308.5)=0.55279 al-K

S

3=)v # ln(T3T2 )=4.9 ln(

317

312 )=0.07790al

-K

S4=)v # ln(T4T3 )=4.9 ln(

322

317 )=0.07668 al-K

S

5=)v # ln(

T5

T4 )=4.9ln (327

322 )=0.07550al-K

S6=)v # ln(T6T5 )=4.9ln(

332

327 )=0.07436 al-K

?.- G'&!$ $ "" !*'$%$*#(" )$ S $* $ $$ &" #$%$''&" (''$"(*)!$*#$" $* $$$ , $*%$'$ "" *#(" & &'#!' )$ "" (*)!!(*$" !*!!&$". C%( 9&'!& & 6@ &*)(

&%$*#& T (%( &%$*#& P

. C&(' C&/ &'& &)& $#&&. C%( !*#$''$#& $ *$3!9($$'!%$*#&%$*#$

D% !a &im%&a !% d% !a $%&modi"'mica5

A! s%& u" &oc%so iso$3&mico5 (=0

Q=W

7a&a cada %$aa s%&' i(ua! a! $&a/a:o# %&o como !o id%" %" ca! s% u$i!i1a5 02ca!

(=QW

Y0H2 @002 @0

0HHK 0

0@H


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37


Q

0&1W0&1=0.0387499 $=0.0092999 al

Q1&2=W1&2=0.04884236 $=0.0117221al

Q2&3=W2&3=0.0443492 $=0.0106438 al

Q3&4=W3&4=0.0547173 $=0.0131321 al

Q4&5=W4&5=0.0552925 $=0.0132702 al

Q

5&3=W5&3=0.3988446 $=0.0957227 al

Q3&2=W3&2=0.0517795 $=0.01242708 al

Q2&1=W2&1=0.0475187

$=0.0114044

al

Q1&0=W1&0=0.0575949 $=0.01382277 al

E! si("o "%(a$i+o "os i"dica *u% s% %s$' !i/%&a"do ca!o& %s$' &%a!i1a"do $&a/a:o so/&% %! sis$%ma#%9%&im%"$a!m%"$% a! su/i& !a amo!!a d% "i+%!# %! "i+%! d%! a(ua su/% %" %! $u/o "%umom%$&ico&%a!i1a"do u"a com&%"si," d%! (as %" %! sis$%ma0

10. H E &/ &'& &)& $#&&.

Como !a %"$a!ia !a %"%&()a i"$%&"a "o d%%"d%" d% !a !a $&a%c$o&ia# a! s%& u"ci," d% %s$ado5

(=)VdT H=)PdT # si T %s %*u%=o )P )V s% co"sid%&a"co"s$a"$%s0

E"$o"c%s (=)V T # H=)P T 0

A! s%& u" &oc%so iso$3&mico do"d% $&a/a:amos a $%m%&a$u&a co"s$a"$%

>T2KC@? & T=0

7o& !o $a"$o a&a cada %$aa (=0* H=0 0

11. C&( )$ S &'& &)& $#&&.


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38

2 INFORME DE FISICOQUIMICA FIGMM-UNILa +a&iaci," d% %"$&o)a# s% &oduc% cua"do "o ha +a&iaci," d% $%m%&a$u&a >&oc%so iso$3&mico?s% d%i"% como5

S=Q0&1

T

T&a/a:a"do a&a cada %$aa5

S1S0=

Q0&1

T =

0.0092999 al301 % K

=3.089105al

% K

S

2S

1=

Q1&2

T

=0.0117221al

301% K

=3.8943105al

% K

S3S2=

Q2&3

T =

0.0106438al301 % K

=3.5361105al

% K

S4S3=

Q3&4

T =

0.0131321 al301 % K

=4.3628105al

% K

S5S4=

Q4&5

T =

0.0132702 al301 % K

=4.4087105al

% K

S3S5=

Q5&3

T =

0.0957227 al

301% K =3.1801105 al

% K

S2S3=Q3&2

T =

0.01242708 al301% K

=4.1285105al

% K

S2S3=

Q3&2

T =

0.01242708 al301 % K

=4.1285105al

% K

S1S2=

Q2&1

T =

0.0114044al301% K

=3.7888105al

% K

S0S1=Q

1&0T =0.01382277 al301% K =4.592210

5al% K

12. C&( )$ A ($/.

A s% d%i"% como u"ci," d% %s$ado d%! sis$%ma4 A s% d%"omi"a !a %"%&()a d%


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39

2 INFORME DE FISICOQUIMICA FIGMM-UNIA=(TS

7a&a u"a +a&iaci," d% A a $%m%&a$u&a c$%5

A= (T S

Si ( S=Q

0&1

T # &%%m!a1a"do %s$os da$os5

A=Q0&1

7%&o como "os id%" %" ou!%s# asi *u% u$i!i1amos %! $&a/a:o5

A=Q0&1=W0&1

A

1A

0=W

0&1=(0.0387499 $)=0.0387499 $

A2A1=W1&2=(0.04884236 $)=0.04884236 $

A3A2=W2

&3=(0.0443492 $)=0.0443492 $

A4A3=W3&4=(0.0547173 $)=0.0547173 $

A5A4=W4&5=(0.0552925 $)=0.0552925 $

A3A5=W5&3=(0.3988446 $)=0.3988446 $

A2A3=W3&2=(0.0517795 $)=0.0517795 $

A1A2=W2&1=(0.0475187 $)=0.0475187 $

A0A1=W1&0=(0.0575949

$)=0.0575949

$

1


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40

2 INFORME DE FISICOQUIMICA FIGMM-UNI G= HT S

D% !os da$os o/$%"idos a $%m%&a$u&a co"s$a"$%5

H=0 S=Q

0&1

T

G=Q0&1= A

Para cada etapa:

G1G0=Q0&1=(0.0092999 al )=0.0092999 al

G2G1=Q1&2=(0.0117221al )=0.0117221al

G3G2=Q2&3=(0.0106438 al )=0.0106438 al

G4G3=Q3&4=(0.0131321 al )=0.0131321al

G5G4=Q4&5=(0.0132702

al )=0.0132702

al

G3G5=Q5&3=(0.0957227al )=0.0957227al

G2G3=Q3&2=(0.01242708 al )=0.01242708al

G1G2=Q2&1=(0.0114044 al )=0.0114044 al

G0

G1=Q

1&0=(0.01382277 al )=0.01382277 al


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41


CONCLUSIONES

E" !a %9%&i%"cia !!%(amos a !a co"c!usi," d% *u% %! +o!um%" d%! a(ua $%")a *u% aum%"$a a *u% a

m%dida *u% s% ca!%"$a/a %! a(ua %" !a amo!!a d% "i+%! s% o&ma/a cada +%1 m's +ao& d% a(ua

%s$% d%s!a1a/a a! a(ua !)*uida *u% s% %"co"$&a/a %" !a ma"(u%&a o& %"d% %! "i+%! d%! a(ua

!)*uida *u% ac)a %" %! $u/o "%umom3$&ico su/)a %" ocas a!a/&as %! +o!um%" d%! a(ua aum%"$a/a

%s$o !o udimos com&o/a& a m%dida *u% o/$%")amos !os da$os d% !os +o!.m%"%s0

D%! (&'ico n %1 s% !!%(a a !a co"c!usi," *u% $a"$o !a &%si," como %! +o!um%" d%%"d%"

i"+%&sam%"$%0

E" %! (&'ico n %1 !os u"$os "o o&ma" u"a &%c$a co" %9ac$i$ud o& %"d% s% co"c!u% *u% hu/o

u"a m)"ima u(a d% +ao& %" %! $u/o "%umom3$&ico0

7o& m%dio d%! (&'ico n %2 co"c!uimos *u% a m%dida *u% aum%"$a !a $%m%&a$u&a $am/i3"

aum%"$a !a %"$&o)a0

Los (as%s %:%&c%" &%si," o& *u% sus mo!3cu!as s% mu%+%" !i/&%m%"$% choca" co" cua!*ui%&

su%&ici% co" !a *u% hac%" co"$ac$o0 Las u"idad%s d% &%si," d% !os (as%s i"c!u%" mi!)m%$&os d%

m%&cu&io >mm


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42

2 INFORME DE FISICOQUIMICA FIGMM-UNI E! c%&o a/so!u$o >-2@0C? %s !a m%"o& $%m%&a$u&a $%,&icam%"$% o/$%"i/!%0 La %sca!a d%

$%m%&a$u&a %!+i" $oma como OO %! c%&o a/so!u$o0 E" $odos !os c'!cu!os d% !as !%%s d% !os (as%s#

!a $%m%&a$u&a s% d%/% %9&%sa& %" %!+i"0

Las &%!acio"%s d% ca"$idad-+o!um%" d% !os (as%s id%a!%s so" s% d%sc&i/%" o& !a !% d% A+o(ad&o5

+o!.m%"%s i(ua!%s d% (as%s co"$i%"%" i(ua! ".m%&o d% mo!3cu!as >a !a misma T 7?0

La %cuaci," d%! (as id%a!# 78"RT# com/i"a !as !%%s d% Bo!%# Cha&!%s A+o(ad&o0 Es$a %cuaci,"

d%sc&i/% %! como&$ami%"$o d%! (as id%a!0

La !% d% Da!$o" d% !as &%sio"%s a&cia!%s %s$a/!%c% *u%# %" u"a m%1c!a d% (as%s# cada (as %:%&c%

!a misma &%si," *u% %:%&c%&)a si %s$u+i%&a so!o ocua %! mismo +o!um%"0

La $%o&)a ci"3$ica mo!%cu!a u"a o&ma ma$%m'$ica d% d%sc&i/i& %! como&$ami%"$o d% !as mo!3cu!as

d% !os (as%s# s% /asa %" !as si(ui%"$%s suosicio"%s4 !as mo!3cu!as d% !os (as%s %s$'" s%a&adas

o& dis$a"cias m's (&a"d%s *u% !as d% sus &oias dim%"sio"%s# os%%" masa %&o su +o!um%" %s

d%s&%cia/!%# %s$'" %" co"$i"uo mo+imi%"$o co" &%cu%"cia choca" %"$&% s)0 Las mo!3cu!as "o s%

a$&a%" "i s% &%%!%" %"$&% s)0

La diusi," d% !os (as%s d%mu%s$&a %! mo+imi%"$o mo!%cu!a& a!%a$o&io0

G&acias a %s$as !%%s od%mos !!%(a& a o/$%"%& !a !% d% !os (as%s id%a!%s od%mos ca!cu!a& %!

%s$ado d% cua!*ui%& (as au"*u% co" /a:as $%m%&a$u&as a!$as &%sio"%s au"*u% hu/i%&a %*u%=os

%&&o&%s0


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43


RECOMENDACIONES


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BIBLIOGRAFA

h$$50$%9$osci%"$iicos0com*uimica$%&modi"amica

u&$ C0 Ro!!% - T%&modi"'mica

Da+id 0 Ba!! P Fisico*u)mica

Gas$o" 7o"s Mu11o P Fisico*u)mica

Gi!/%&$ 0 Cas$%!!a" P Fisico*u)mica

I&a" N0 L%+i"% *ui"$a %dici," +o!um%" - Fisico*u)mica
http://www.textoscientificos.com/quimica/termodinamicahttp://www.textoscientificos.com/quimica/termodinamica

informe de laboratorio 2º de fisicoquimica

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