informational presentation on the request to expand the ... · 6/5/2016 · 199.1 first limited...
TRANSCRIPT
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Informational Presentation on the Request to Expand the
Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument
May 2016
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NWHI Fisheries Management contd.
2005 {Sept.)- Gov. Linda Lingle approves regulations banning fishing in state waters in NWHI
2006 {June)- President Bush established the NWHI monument {later renamed as Papahanaumokuakea MNM)
closed bottomfish fishery within 5 years prohibited all other commercial and recreational fishing {sustenance fishing allowed) Prohibited subsistence fishing; Permits required for Native Hawaiian traditional activities but not allowed to bring fish and other resources home to family and communities
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Overlay of Potential Expansion Footprint on the US Mainland
-~---._..__
LJ Current Monument LJ Potential Expansion Footprint 0 US EEZ
1_!0 ---~--__,.,..,
Potential Monument Expansion= 20% of the area of the Continental US 5
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Key Reasons Opposing the Expansion •!• Lack of scientific and conservation justification
low threats; existing comprehensive management regulations and enforcement; no biomass spillover to main Hawaiian Islands; and no climate change buffer or added resiliency
•!• Negative socio-economic impacts to Hawaii fisheries, seafood markets, seafood consumers
•!• Marine Monuments have only been established in US Pacific Islands Region 28% of US EEZ in the region is no-take while no other region has closed 1% of their US waters
0% 5% 100..6 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Pacific Islands
West Coast S 0.22%
outheast+Gulf 0.07%
West Coast N 0.03%
Northeast 0.00%
Alaska 0.00%
28.08%
Keepinu·seafood Sugtainablel I I We Are Leading the Way 199.1 First limited entry pel a;1 i G fisher y
1991 First p~l a;Jic fishery requiring daily l·ogbooks
1994 Fifst}isher y requiring· ~toessel tra:::king using s·atelflte. technology·
2004 Rrst;Pa:::ifio fish_er,y wth.B fJeet limit on sea tur tJ e'·i rit er apti oris
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17D"W
Higlwjensiy biological cononunily ti5Cl0111!ft!d clJring OkeiiOOS Explorer ROV elM! n 2015. flghl9rt video av~~ililhle:
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0
3000
I Shallow-set Longline --7 ~ ~
since the 1980s: Destructive Fishing Gears within
200 nm
Bottom trawl
Not drawn to scale
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Albatrosses • Laysan and black-footed albatross populations are stable or . .
1ncreas1ng
- Laysan-"'1 million breeding pairs; Black-footed breeding pairs="'68,000
• Extensive range beyond NWHI and US EEZ encompassing most of the North Pacific (Japan to Canada/Mexico)
• Most effective seabird conservation is fisheries mitigation and requiring Hawaii longline mitigation measures on foreign fleets
·~· 100" l'fO" 110' ·1-:'0' ·1Ul' -~ · \41)' ·1M" · 120'
B lJ • A:-••• dep<oyment Breeding snes • Tr':lcJ::IJd
Wake Atoll
. , . .. ·~ -
35,000
30,000
25,000
"' t: Gl c; 20,000
0 ~ ~ 15,000 :I z
10,000
5,000
0
28,S81 17,491
25.5 10
24.08S 2!,817 2..4.320 23,963 23;722
21,829
20.393
- .
22 .525
2Ul0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Hatch Year Is-)' 110' 110'" 'W .f:a· · 1&0' · l50" · MO"
Satellite-tracking data of non-breeding black-footed albatross. Source: Arata et al. 2009.
Annual number of black-footed albatross nests (bottom) at Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge (2004-2015). Source: US Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region. 13
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Hu1mpback W"h:ales Humpback Whales Wintering in Hawaii, 1976-2006
12,000
10,000 ~ ~
E ~000 ~ ~ w ~ ~000 ~ ~
l~ ~
2,000
0 + ---
10,375 .
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
•· Hawaii populati:on reco.vered and proposed for [SA delisting
• Federal protection will. continu·e unde.r MMPA
• Rarely (<1/yr) i1nteracts wi.th H ll longli:ne fishery
False Ki·ller Whales 26. •
25°•
::J
3 23°
22.
• PcTag2<1 o PcT.g25
~ /,
-- -- ---! i i I \ \
21° \ 168° 166° 164° 162° 160°
Longitude (W)
Source: Baird eta/. 2013
• NW·HI po·p:ulation1 within existing monument b.oundary··
• No observed i1nteractions of N·W·'HI-FKW·s irn HI:LL
• FKW .. rmitigation measu.res implemented in Hawai:i l ~ongline fishery 15
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Tunas and other pelagics • Highly migratory species managed
domestically and internationally
• HMS stocks range hundreds to thousands of miles
• Larval and adult biomass spill-over is not relevant as larval drift is demonstrated to move from the southeast to northwest
•
170E 180 170W 150W 130W 110W 90W
The MHI will not receive any /{subsidy" from the NWH I 2
'5 30-yr size trend for 18 species of tuna and tuna-like
species, billfish, sharks in the Hawaii~£1me fishery
... 2 .c
• Skipjack= above MSY biomass -~ cv • Yellowfin= above MSY biomass 3: 1.5
""C
• Albacore = above MSY biomass cv N
• Bigeye = at MSY biomass ro 1 E
Swordfish= above MSY biomass lo.. • 0 z 0.5
Size of fish are stable/fishing not impacting spawning success 0 +---~---.---,,---,---,----.---.----.---.----.---.----.---.----.-
1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011.72013 201
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u~ --~a:: ow z~ au: Uw-
Q~ ue::c OJ: V)o wi=::V) ~t ~~ z~ -
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2014 Hawaii Food Crops (million $, farmgate or dockside)
Commercial Wi'ld Fish Land~ings 11 110.0 I 80-90%
Cattle 64.9 24%
Coffee 62.6 NA
Sugarcane 54.3 <5% -
Macadamia Nuts 35.7 I NA
Algae 33.0 0%
Bananas 11.8 100%
Papayas 11.3 50%
Milk 10.1 100%
Lettuce 7.6 100%
Taro 1.9 I 100% 1'1
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Port of Honolulu (2014)
Source: NOAA 2015. Fisheries of the United States in 2014. Draft Pelagic Fisheries 2015 Annual Report, WPRFMC and WPacFIN
32nd in the US in landed fish volume {29 million lbs)
7th in the US in landed fish value ($110 million)
"We do more with less"
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Potential Impact to Hawaii Small-scale Fisheries
• The proposed expansion could subsume important fishing grounds to the people of Kauai (Middle Bank, NOAA weather buoy, Niihau)
• These areas produce about 1 million pounds of tunas, billfish, bottomfish, small pelagics and reef fish worth between $3 million and $5 million annually
• Middle Bank is an important bottomfish fishing area, producing high quality fresh bottomfish for the Hawaii seafood market worth $80,000- $160,000 annually - Approximately 10% of the MHI bottomfish total annual
landed value from Middle Bank
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Impacts to Consumers, Markets, State • $10 million annually in landed value of fish from US EEZ around
the NWHI; $30 million annually in Hawaii's retail markets
• Fresh, iced, local fish replaced by frozen, gas-treated imports
• Poorer quality fish due to longer trips
• Hawaii fisheries support thousands of direct and indirect jobs: vessel captains, crew, fish auction buyers, seafood wholesalers, ice and bait suppliers, vessel repair services, fork lift drivers, delivery drivers, fish cutters, chefs, and food servers
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Foreign Longline Vessels Compete with Hawaii Longline Vessels
Taiwan = 1337 Japan = 361 China= 353 Korea= 113
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Map Showing Taiwan Longline Fishing Effort-2014
J.l v :OS
»
:1,1
-- +3
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z 0 -en z <( D.. >< w <( w ~ <(
c w c z :::l LL z :::l
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;z 0 0 (')
;z 0
~
;z 0 0
0 0
r/J 0 0
Large, Regulated Commercial Fishing Areas
of the U.S. EEZ, Western Pacific
Region
140°E
140°E
150°E
150°E
Marine National Monuments and Sanctuaries
Bottomfish Restrictions Pelagic Restrictions
• ~
Existing Marine National Monuments/Sanctuaries
Closed to all commercial fi shing
160°E 170°E
Wakc Mand
• ~ l.:_]
~
Bottomllsh/Groundfish fishing prohibited
Vessels 2: 40 ft (opening pending)
Vessels 2: 50 ft
180° 170°W
• ~ ~
160°W
Palmyra Atoll
Pacific Remote I s_l a n d s A r e a
......
' ''-., ·~ . ...... , ..... ...
160°E
"' -, \.·,
~
170°E 180° 170°\V
American S~moa
160°W
Longline fishing prohibited
Vessel 2: 50 fl
Long! inc Deep-Set Closure Trigger: 2 fa lse killer whale serious injury or morta lity dctenninations within the Hawai i EEZ, for the calendar year
150°W 140°\V
150°W
Foreign EEZ
~ HighSeas
140°\V
;z 0 0 (')
;z 0 0 N
;z 0 0
~
r/J 0 0
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New United Nations Convention Forming and Focused on High Seas MPAs
~iWt-~\tJ ·;~ THE PEW cHAR I TABLE TRusTs ~411'<'-"
The Pew Charitable Trusts I Research & Analysis I Marine Protected Areas Beyond
National Jurisdiction
ISSUE BRIEF
Marine Protected Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction March 15,2016 I Protecting Ocean life on the High Seas
SHARE "# 11 8+ in l'j Q
~
WORLD OCEANS
71 % 64% 45% of Earth is covered of the ocean is of t he Eart h's by ocean co nsidered the surface is covered
high seas I by t he high seas intern at iona l waters
~Juri sd i ct i on a l '
- Hi gh seas
~urG•: Nar'•onal Gc·ogr.1pl• k 11 rrp :/lt h.:ot~ rr .tmarpro ·,('<.
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Erosion of Hawaiian Rights • The State shall protect all rights customarily and traditionally exercised for
subsistence, cultural, and religious purposes for Native Hawaiians (Article XII, Sec 7 of the State Constitution
• Ceded lands (submerged lands) are to be held in trust for Native Hawaiians and the general public (Article 12, Section 4 of State Constitution)
• Existing monument (O- 50 miles) prohibits free access to traditional fisheries and gathering resources by requiring federal permits.
• Native Hawaiian traditional fishing has been precluded as bringing fish and other resources back to their families and communities is prohibited
• Monument Expansion: Would further prohibit Hawaiian traditional and cultural access and practices Would expand Federal control over Hawaii's resources and cultural heritage
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