Information technology and organizational change

F.PichaultF.Pichault

Course description (1/3)

Focus:Focus: organizational aspects of IT changeorganizational aspects of IT change management of information systems (MIS)management of information systems (MIS)

Aims:Aims: development of an analytical frameworkdevelopment of an analytical framework confrontation to the current debates in the scientific confrontation to the current debates in the scientific

literatureliterature

Course description (2/3)

Timing:Timing: S1: theoretical introductionS1: theoretical introduction S2: debate on the proposed analytical frameworkS2: debate on the proposed analytical framework S3: analysis of 3 selected papersS3: analysis of 3 selected papers S4: selection of 3 relevant papers (to be validated)S4: selection of 3 relevant papers (to be validated) S5-S6: group presentationsS5-S6: group presentations

Evaluation:Evaluation: 1/3: individual involvement during the seminar1/3: individual involvement during the seminar 2/3: group presentations2/3: group presentations

Deliberate/emergent change

Deliberatestrategies

Unrealizedstrategies

Realizedstrategies

Emergentstrategies

IT and Organizational change

IT design &organizational

aims

Changemanagement

Specificcontexts

Impacts

Information systems

CENTRALISED DECENTRALISED INTEGRATED OPEN

Central unitwith data entrypool or«distributed»terminals

mini-computers,PC's

Local network,Intranet, shareddata bases, ERPapplications

EDI, Extranet,Internet,e-business

Taylorianmodel

Scandinavianmodel (localautonomy, jobenrichment)

Japanese model(TQM,corporateculture,knowledgemanagement)

Californian model(virtualenterprises, neworganizationalforms)

New organizational forms

Individualized forms Structural forms

Market

HomeworkingPendular telecommutingWork in telecentres

Redesign of the relationscentre/periphery via sharedfacilities

Mobile work,body shopping

Teleservices provisionInter-organisationalpartnerships, restructuringof the value-added chain

Hierarchy

Organizational aims linked to IT design

+

+Functions

-

Institutionalweb site

InformationCommunication/ Cooperation

TransactionCoordination/ Integration

Final consumer

Internalpartners

Businesspartners

Partners

Function complexity

Par

tner

ship

div

ersi

ty

Market intelligence

Bulletin board

E-mail

On-line bid

On-line poll

E-commerce

E-procurement virtual market

place

E-HRM

CRM

Groupware

ERP

InstitutionalWeb-site

IT and Organizational change

IT design &organizational

aims

Specificcontexts

Specific contexts: organization

Entrepreneurial

Machine(instrument)

Missionary

Adhocracy

MATURITYSTAGE

FORMATIONSTAGE

DEVELOPMENTSTAGE

DECLINESTAGE

Demise

Demise

Machine(closed)

Professional

Politi

cs

PoliticsPoliti

cs

Politics

Revitalization

Revitalization

Other specific contexts

Private Private vs vs public & non-profit sectorspublic & non-profit sectors Traditional Traditional vs vs new economynew economy Western Western vs vs developing countriesdeveloping countries Rigid Rigid vs vs open regulatory frameworkopen regulatory framework Pre-existing IS infrastructure Pre-existing IS infrastructure vs vs nonenone Etc.Etc.

IT and Organizational change

IT design &organizational

aims

Changemanagement

Specificcontexts

Key questions in change management

Capacity to take into account the various Capacity to take into account the various stakeholdersstakeholders

HRM issues related to the change processHRM issues related to the change process Capacity to integrate emerging changesCapacity to integrate emerging changes Communication effortsCommunication efforts Upper-management supportUpper-management support On-going assessmentOn-going assessment

Key questions in change management (#2)

Users involvement:Users involvement: Who? (committee, final user, representatives, etc.)Who? (committee, final user, representatives, etc.) When? (functional analysis, test, implementation, When? (functional analysis, test, implementation,

etc.)etc.) How? (observation, interviews, questionnaires, How? (observation, interviews, questionnaires,

etc.)etc.) On which matter? (initial aims, functionalities, On which matter? (initial aims, functionalities,

ergonomics, etc.)ergonomics, etc.)

IT and Organizational change

IT design &organizational

aims

Changemanagement

Specificcontexts

Impacts

Main theoretical models

Planning model:Planning model:

IT design => change management => impactsIT design => change management => impacts

Contingent model:Contingent model:

specific contexts => IT design => impactsspecific contexts => IT design => impacts

Political model:Political model:

change management => IT design => impactschange management => IT design => impacts

Impacts

Quantitative impacts:Quantitative impacts: productivity gains reported to initial objectives productivity gains reported to initial objectives

((planning modelplanning model)) however… methodological & conceptual limitshowever… methodological & conceptual limits

Qualitative impacts:Qualitative impacts: adequation to context (adequation to context (contingent modelcontingent model)) satisfaction of divergent interests (satisfaction of divergent interests (political political

modelmodel))

Next steps

SESSION 2:SESSION 2: Presentation of the analytical frameworkPresentation of the analytical framework 2 papers to download from:2 papers to download from:

www.egss.ulg.ac.be/pichaultwww.egss.ulg.ac.be/pichault First discussion on the « political » modelFirst discussion on the « political » model Second discussion on its relevance within Second discussion on its relevance within

network organizationsnetwork organizations

Next steps (#2)

SESSION 3:SESSION 3: Analysis of 3 selected papers to download Analysis of 3 selected papers to download

from:from:

www.egss.ulg.ac.be/pichaultwww.egss.ulg.ac.be/pichault Theoretical model adopted?Theoretical model adopted? Links with Links with the proposed analytical the proposed analytical

framework framework

Next steps (#3)

SESSION 4:SESSION 4: Selection & validation of 3 Selection & validation of 3 recentrecent papers papers

(10-15p.) concerned with :(10-15p.) concerned with : IT design & organizational aimsIT design & organizational aims specific contexts in which IT are developedspecific contexts in which IT are developed change management linked to ITchange management linked to IT impacts of IT introductionimpacts of IT introduction

Next steps (#4)

SESSIONS 5-6:SESSIONS 5-6: Group presentations structured in 3 parts:Group presentations structured in 3 parts:

main arguments developed in main arguments developed in eacheach paper (10 paper (10 min.)min.)

main theoretical models emerging main theoretical models emerging through the through the 3 papers3 papers (2 min.) (2 min.)

explicit/implicit —and perhaps missing— links explicit/implicit —and perhaps missing— links with the proposed analytical framework (8 with the proposed analytical framework (8 min.)min.)

Proposed journals

LENTIC’s Library:LENTIC’s Library: MIS QuarterlyMIS Quarterly Organization StudiesOrganization Studies New Technology, Work & EmploymentNew Technology, Work & Employment

Graulich’s Library:Graulich’s Library: California Management ReviewCalifornia Management Review Sloan Management ReviewSloan Management Review Administrative Science QuarterlyAdministrative Science Quarterly International Journal of Human Resource Management International Journal of Human Resource Management

Proposed journals (#2)

Via Via http//:search.epnet.comhttp//:search.epnet.com

(userid : s9596572 / password : ulg)(userid : s9596572 / password : ulg) or or wwwwww.sciencedirect.com/science/journals/busmanacc.sciencedirect.com/science/journals/busmanacc:: Information & ManagementInformation & Management Information & OrganizationInformation & Organization International Journal of Information ManagementInternational Journal of Information Management Technology in SocietyTechnology in Society TechnovationTechnovation The Journal of Strategic Information SystemsThe Journal of Strategic Information Systems