information from archival tags on salmon in the bering sea, 2003-2006
DESCRIPTION
Information from Archival Tags on Salmon in the Bering Sea, 2003-2006. NPRB Project R0204 NPAFC Salmon Tagging PI: Jack Helle Vladimir Fedorenko. Robert Walker, Kate Myers, Nancy Davis School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington, USA - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Information from Archival Tags on Salmon in the Bering Sea, 2003-2006
Robert Walker, Kate Myers, Nancy Davis School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington, USA Jack Helle, Jim Murphy NOAA Fisheries Auke Bay LabShigehiko Urawa National Salmon Resources Center, Japan & NPAFCOlga Temnykh, Vladimir Sviridov TINRO-Centre, RussiaVladimir Fedorenko North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission
TD1401 - Yukon River Chinook Salmon
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Jul-
02
Aug
-02
Sep-
02
Oct
-02
Nov
-02
Dec
-02
Jan-
03
Feb
-03
Mar
-03
Apr
-03
May
-03
Jun-
03
Jul-
03
Aug
-03
Sep-
03
Oct
-03
Nov
-03
Dec
-03
Jan-
04
Feb
-04
Mar
-04
Apr
-04
May
-04
Jun-
04
Tem
per
atu
re (
c)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Dep
th (
m)
350m
max
imu
m
2002 2003 2004
TD1401 - Yukon River Chinook Salmon
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Jul-
02
Aug
-02
Sep-
02
Oct
-02
Nov
-02
Dec
-02
Jan-
03
Feb
-03
Mar
-03
Apr
-03
May
-03
Jun-
03
Jul-
03
Aug
-03
Sep-
03
Oct
-03
Nov
-03
Dec
-03
Jan-
04
Feb
-04
Mar
-04
Apr
-04
May
-04
Jun-
04
Tem
per
atu
re (
c)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Dep
th (
m)
350m
max
imu
m
2002 2003 2004
NPRB Project R0204NPAFC Salmon TaggingPI: Jack Helle Vladimir Fedorenko
Acknowledgments
North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission (NPAFC) NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service, AFSC/ABL Fisheries Research Agency; National Salmon Resources
Center; HNFRI (Japan) Pacific Scientific Research Fisheries Centre (TINRO),
KamchatNIRO (Russia) Department of Fisheries and Oceans (Canada)
BASIS“The Bering-Aleutian Salmon International Survey (BASIS) is NPAFC's coordinated program of cooperative research on Pacific salmon in the Bering Sea that was designed to clarify the mechanisms of biological response by salmon to the conditions caused by climate changes.
• Seasonal-specific migration patterns of salmon and their relation to the Bering Sea ecosystem
• Key biological, climatic, and oceanographic factors affecting long-term changes in Bering Sea food production and salmon growth rates”
R0303 - NPAFC Cooperative Research: Use of genetic stock identification to determine the distribution, migration, early marine survival, and relative stock abundance of sockeye and chum salmon in the Bering Sea
www.npafc.org
Tag Types:
Lotek LTD_1100 (temperature,depth)
AlphaMach iBLite, iBKrill (temperature)
StarOddi DST CTD (salinity,temperature, depth)
Lotek LTD_2400 (temperature,depth, light/geolocation)
Live Box for Trawl
Offshore archival tagging cruise tracks, 2003-2006
= Wakatake maru = Kaiyo maru = Miller Freeman
NPAFC/NPRB DST releases and recoveries, 2003-2006
recovery rates
(Overall INPFC/NPAFC disk tag recovery rate, 1955-2000: 3.8%)
Total releases: 637Total recoveries: 50
Overall: 7.8%
167
10306
27
138
7
266
0
100
200
300
400
2003 2004 2005 2006
Releases Recoveries
8.8 5.1 23.16.0
Releases and Recoveries by Species
recovery rates
130
12247
25
129
5
24
365
5
0
100
200
300
400
Sock Chum Pink Coho Chin
Releases Recoveries
9.2 10.1 3.9 12.5 7.7
Recoveries of NPAFC / NPRB DSTs released in the Bering Sea, North Pacific,
and Gulf of Alaska
21
2
1
16 13
21
1
1
4 1
21
1
1
Key to data charts
TD Tag 1565 - Hokkaido Chum Salmon
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
9 21 28 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22August
Tem
per
atu
re (
C)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Dep
th (
m)
July September = night
recuperation period
diel behavior pattern
TemperatureDepth
Temperatures can help indicate changes in water mass
Hokkaido Chum Salmon
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
9 22 29 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23
August
Tem
per
atu
re (
C)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Dep
th (
m)
initial recuperation period
coastal period
Bering SeaWestern North Pacific Kuril Islands
Depths relatively constant;Fish may be choosing depth range, not temperature
Yukon Chinook - 2 Year Data Record
TD1401 - Yukon River Chinook Salmon
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Jul-
02
Aug
-02
Sep-
02
Oct
-02
Nov
-02
Dec
-02
Jan-
03
Feb
-03
Mar
-03
Apr
-03
May
-03
Jun-
03
Jul-
03
Aug
-03
Sep-
03
Oct
-03
Nov
-03
Dec
-03
Jan-
04
Feb
-04
Mar
-04
Apr
-04
May
-04
Jun-
04
Tem
per
atu
re (
c)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Dep
th (
m)
350m
max
imu
m
2002 2003 2004
Night: near surface Day: few, large vertical movements
TD1401 - Yukon River Chinook Salmon
0
5
10
15
20
25
3018 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
August 2002
Tem
per
atu
re (
C)
0
50
100
150
200
Dep
th (
m)
Night: 25 m below surface Day: small vertical movements, comes to
the surface
TD1401 - Yukon River Chinook Salmon
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
30
31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
September 2002
Tem
per
atu
re (
C)
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
Dep
th (
m)
Night: 25 m below surface Day: 100 m below surface
TD1401 - Yukon River Chinook Salmon
0
5
10
15
20
25
302 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
October 2002
Tem
pera
ture
(C
)
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
Dep
th (
m)
Comparison of Winters
TD 1401 - 2nd Winter
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
1 16 31 15 30 15 30 14 29 13 28 14 29
Dec
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Dep
th (
m)
0ct Nov Jan Feb Mar
TD 1401 - 1st Winter
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
1 16 31 15 30 15 30 14 29 13 28 15 30
Dec
Tem
per
atu
re (
C)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Oct Nov Jan Feb Mar
TD1401 - Yukon River Chinook Salmon
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
25 26 27 28
April 2004
Tem
pera
ture
(C
)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500D
epth
(m
)35
0m m
axim
um
TD1401 - Yukon River Chinook Salmon
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
21
26 2 7 12
17
22
27 1 6 11 16
21
26 1 6 11 16
22
Tem
per
atu
re (
C)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Dep
th (
m)
350
m m
ax
imu
m
TD1401 - Yukon River Chinook Salmon
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
6 11
16
21
26 1 6 11
16
21
26
31
Tem
per
atu
re (
C)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Dep
th (
m)
35
0m
ma
xim
um
Deep Dive Periods after Winter
April-May 2003
February-May 2004
Proportion of Chinook By-Catch, EBS Trawl Fishingby season, age, and depth, 1997-1999
Jan-Feb Sept-Oct
Ocean ages
.1 .2 .3-.5 All Ages
.1 .2 .3-.4 All Ages
N= 39 279 2,197 2,515 368 1,455 517 2,340Depths
0-25 .01 .02 .02
25-50 .80 .42 .58 .57 .33 .19 .24 .22
50-100 .10 .25 .31 .30 .36 .58 .62 .56
100-200 .03 .05 .02 .02 .30 .23 .14 .22
200-300 .08 .27 .06 .09 .01
40-80% at 50-400 m, slightly deeper Sept-Oct, more older fish in winter, younger in summer-fall
TD1401 - Yukon River Chinook Salmon
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Jul-
02
Aug
-02
Sep-
02
Oct
-02
Nov
-02
Dec
-02
Jan-
03
Feb
-03
Mar
-03
Apr
-03
May
-03
Jun-
03
Jul-
03
Aug
-03
Sep-
03
Oct
-03
Nov
-03
Dec
-03
Jan-
04
Feb
-04
Mar
-04
Apr
-04
May
-04
Jun-
04
Tem
per
atu
re (
c)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Dep
th (
m)
350m
max
imu
m
2002 2003 2004
age 1.2 age 1.3 age 1.4
Immature Maturing
120W
34N
130140150160170180170E
120W130140150160170180170E
38N
42N
46N
50N
54N
58N
62N
66N
70N
34N
38N
42N
46N
50N
54N
58N
62N
66N
70N
Yukon River Chinook Salmon = mature adult (n = 1 CWT)
= immature and maturing in winter (n=15 CWT)
= immature in summer (n=10 high seas tags)
Number inside symbol = month that fish was caught
AK
YT
BC
WA
OR
CA
Yukon River
222
6
3123
333
3
337
67
7
7 7 6
76
7
Sockeye •Shallow dives (20-30 m)•Weak to moderate diurnal pattern
CTD 1383 - Alaska Peninsula Sockeye Salmon
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
29 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31
July
Te
mp
era
ture
( C
)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
De
pth
(m
)
Bering Sea Pink Salmon
TD 9476 - Olyutorskiy Pink
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
July
Te
mp
era
ture
(C
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
De
pth
(m
)
= night
TD Tag 793 - Southeast Alaska Pink Salmon
0
5
10
15
20
12 16 20 24 28 1 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Tem
per
atu
re (
°C)
0102030405060708090
Dep
th (
met
ers)
July August = night
Detail - Tag 793 - August 2-6
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
2 3 4 5 6
Te
mp
era
ture
0
20
40
60
80
100
De
pth
(m
ete
rs)
•Strong diurnal pattern•May remain deep during day•Moderate depth (40-60m)
Coho Diurnal pattern variable Sometimes remains below surface 30-70 m dives, to > 100 m
TD 9427 - N. Kuril Islands Coho
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
23 27 1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 2 5 7 9 11
July
Te
mp
era
ture
(C
)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
De
pth
(m
)
June August
N Max Avg Daily Min
Sockeye 12 83 0
Pink 3 74 1
Coho 10 97 0
Chum 11 253 1
Chinook 2 344 17
Maximum and Average Minimum Depths (m) on Data Tags
Av Night Max
Av Day Max
Avg Daily Max
Sockeye 13 20 21
Pink 19 36 37
Coho 29 42 46
Chum 33 56 58
Chinook 84 125 130
Avg Night
Avg Day
Avg Day-Nightdifference
Sockeye 3 4 4 1
Pink 4 13 10 8
Coho 8 12 11 5
Chum 8 20 16 13
Chinook 40 43 42 3
TD 1373 - Hokkaido Chum
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
18 19 20 21 22August
Tem
pera
ture
( C
)
0
50
100
150
Dep
th (m
)
Summary
Generally relatively shallow (to 30-60 m); some deep dives by chum and chinook
Species differences Depth ranges often relatively constant while
temperature ranges vary; possible selection for depth, not temperature?
Note: most data are from maturing fish; Possible changes in behavior with stage of maturity indicated by 1 tag
Suggestions for the Future
Tag more immature salmon Tag later in fall, for better chances of
recoveries of immature salmon Tag earlier in spring, for better coverage of
returning stocks Use geolocation tags
Thank you!
…Keep looking for high seas salmon tags!