information engineering

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Information Engineering

Presented by:EngrEngr. Mia V.. Mia V. EleazarEleazar

BS ECE | MS ComSci | DIT



Today«

You will learn the concept of:î What is information engineering

îIE Framework

î IE techniques

î IE tools

2



Introduction

Software engineering applies structured

techniques to one project.

It is a systematic approach to the

analysis, design, assessment,

implementation, test, maintenance and

reengineering of software, that is, the

application of engineering to software.

3



Introduction

Information engineering applies

structured techniques to the enterprise

as a whole, or to a large section of theenterprise.

The techniques of information

engineering encompass those of software

engineering in a modified form

4



Definition

the application of an interlocking set of

formal techniques for the planning,

analysis, design and construction ofinformation systems on an enterprise

wide basis or across a major section of

the enterprise

focus is on a collection of systemsoperating within an architecture and

supporting the business as a whole

5



Development focus

focus is on the front end of the life cycle,

ensuring the systems being built are the

right solutions for the business

6



Methodology focus

focus is on the needs of the complete

team

Information Engineering supportsmanagement as in a structured method

but also addresses the real work on the

project through an elaborate collection

on techniques

7



Principles

Business driven

Use of graphical communication

Concentrating on small projects

Architecture based

Continuously refined

Geared towards automation

8



Models

In traditional data processing, separate

systems were built independently.

Systems were usually incompatible withone another, had incompatible data, and

could be linked together only with

difficulty.

9



Models

Some enterprises have hundreds of

incompatible computer applications, all

difficult and expensive to maintain. These systems are often unnecessarily

redundant and expensive, and the

information needed for overall

management control cannot be extractedfrom them.

10



Models

The communication of information, by

whatever means, depends on the use of an

information model to provide the structure

for the data items that represent the

information and on the use of a dictionary to

define the meaning of the data items.

In order to achieve understandable

communication it is essential that the sameinformation model and the same dictionary

are used by all parties in the communication

chain.

11



Strategic Planning: Enterprise Model

Data Administration, Process Models, Data Models

System Planning

Analysis

Design

Code Generation

Database

Generation

Maintenance

12



IE Framework

Strategic Planning

îconcerned with how technology can helpthe enterprise to be more competitive or

meet its goals better

Data administration, data models, and

process modelsî Data models and process models of a

business area are created independent of

any specific applications in the area

13



IE Framework

Applications

îUse of computerized tools to fit into theframework

Different teams in different places at

different times will build systems thatlink into the computerized framework

14



IE Techniques

Some techniques that are used during anIE project are:

î

Entity analysis : identifies all the thingsthat the enterprise may want to hold dataabout. The analysis classifies all of thethings into different entity types,revealing how they relate to each other.

î Function analysis and process

dependency : takes a function (a majorbusiness activity) of the enterprise andbreaks it down into elementary businessprocesses.

15



IE Techniques

î Process logic analysis : describes thesequences of actions carried out by abusiness process and shows which data are

used by each action.î Entity type lifecycle analysis : describes

the significant business changes to entitiesand confirm that processes have beenmodelled to effect these changes

îMatrix cross-checking : creates cross-references between data objects andprocesses to verify that they are necessaryand complete.

16



IE Techniques

î Normalization : provides a formal meansof confirming the correctness of the entitymodel.

îCluster analysis : helps define the scope ofdesign areas for proposed businesssystems.

î Data flow and data analysis : makes acomparison possible between the business

area models and the systems currentlysupporting this area, these currentsystems are analyzed using data flow anddata analysis techniques.

17



Corporate Information SystemsActivities

There must be strategies for deploymentand management of informationengineering and of corporatecommunication networks, both closelytied to availability and adoption of newtechniques.

The top-level planning needs to guide and

prioritize the expenditures on computingso that the IS department can contributeto the corporate objectives as effectivelyas possible.

18



Corporate Information SystemsActivities

The disciplines of information engineeringare not practical without automatedtools.

A large amount of knowledge about theenterprise and its systems is collectedover an extended period and is constantlyupdated.

This requires a computerized repositorywith extensive capability for crosschecking and coordinating the knowledge.

19



IE Tools

Automation Tools / CAx Tools

î ANN - Artificial neural network

î DCS - Distributed Control System

î HMI - Human Machine Interface

î SCADA - Supervisory Control and DataAcquisition

î PLC - Programmable Logic Controller

î PAC - Programmable automation controller

îInstrumentation

î Motion control

î Robotics

20



IE Tools

CASE Categoriesî Tools support only specific tasks in the

software process.

îW orkbenches support only one or a fewactivities.

î E nvironments support (a large part of) thesoftware process.

Workbenches and environments are generallybuilt as collections of tools. Tools cantherefore be either stand alone products orcomponents of workbenches andenvironments.

21



CASE Tools

CASE tools are a class of software that

automate many of the activities involved

in various life cycle phases.

22



Workbenches

Workbenches integrate several CASE tools

into one application to support specific

software-process activities. Hence theyachieve:

î a homogeneous and consistent interface

(presentation integration).

î easy invocation of tools and tool chains

(control integration).

î access to a common data set managed in a

centralized way (data integration).

23



Workbenches

CASE workbenches can be furtherclassified into following 8 classes:

î Business planning and modeling

î Analysis and design

î User-interface development

î Programming

î Verification and validation

îMaintenance and reverse engineering

î Configuration management

î Project management

24



Environments

An environment is a collection of CASE

tools and workbenches that supports the

software process. CASE environments areclassified based on the focus/basis of

integration

î Toolkits

î Language-centered

î Integrated

î Fourth generation

î Process-centered

25



Environments

26



In conclusion

Information Engineering (IE) applies

structured techniques to the enterprise

as a whole, or to a segment of theenterprise, rather than on a project-by-

project basis.

It aims to build applications rapidly

within a highly automated framework,which enables the applications to work

together.

27



In conclusion

It analyses the needs and strategic

opportunities of top management, and

uses these to drive the expenditure oninformation systems.

It uses CASE tools to integrate top-level

planning with the analysis, design and

generation of systems, and enables thesesystems to evolve to high levels of

automation.

28



Q & A

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information engineering

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