information architecture class9 03 13

Place-makingSI 658 Information Architecture

Marti Gukeisen

3/13/2013

Place-making

Related Readings

Pervasive Information Architecture

Andrea Resmini & Luca Rosati

ISBN 978-0-12-382094-5 Ch 4 Placemaking

1/23/2013

SI658 Information Architecture2

Place-making

3/13/2013


creating the where in the digital ether

Place-making

Cambridge UK

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Place-making

We are physical beings

space, embodiment

embodiment: the state of being representing in

material form.

it’s all about how we perceive our reality

we grasp the abstract by means of the concrete

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Place-making

on the web

you aren’t going anywhere

go to a site

exit a site

close a popup

open a link

scroll down the page

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Place-making

the domestication of time & space

gesture

speech

inhabitable space

it’s about embodiment, not geometry

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Place-making

Bollnow: Man and Space

1. Space is heterogeneous

2. Space is hodological

3. Space has evolved

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Place-making

1. Space is heterogeneous

exists relative to a subjective point of view (yours

for instance)

tension between known space and chaos

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Place-making

2. Space is hodological

human space is made up of paths, experience,

what we perceive between point A and point B

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Place-making

3. Space is evolved

Space has not always been there (at least not the

way we understand it now)

grūma – a surveyor's pole or measuring-rod,

placed at the center of camp so as to divide the

camp into four quarters by streets meeting at that

point

architectural space is a compound of many layers:

emotion, hodological, topolgoical, which brings us

to:

existential space

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Place-making

Existential Space

space of relationships, personal, immediate,

egocentric

made up of stable archetypes, vicinity, enclosed,

separation, continuity, and time.

Space – the base experience of our embodiment

Space is objective, impersonal, undifferentiated

Space is not the same as place

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Place-making

Place

= the space where our life occurs

Dwelling > Shelter

Place involves presence

Place is physical space plus memories,

experiences, and behavioral patterns.

Place is personal, subjective, and communitarian.

Place is rooted in common cultural understandings

and behavioral framing

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Place-making

What is place-making?

How does place-making happen in the physical

world?

How does place-making happen in literature?

How does place-making happen for your dog?

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Place-making

Kevin Lynch: The Image of the City

We move through cities by forming mental maps

5 basic elements:

paths (road, street)

edges (walls, fences, borders, shore)

nodes (destinations: work, home, bank, store)

landmarks (physical markers noted for orienting)

districts (blocks, areas with a defined meaning)

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Place-making

Way-finding

how people dynamically orient themselves in

physical space and navigate from place to place

signs and other elements for navigating & orienting

make up the grammar of that space

all this relates to actual, physical, real space

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Place-making

Way-finding in the digital world

IA’s stole this term from the concreteness of

physical space and applied it to the abstractness

of digital cyberspace

apply it to information seeking, navigation, user

orientation

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Place-making

Cennydd Bowles – Way Finding

advantages of nature: Salmon

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Place-making

Cennydd Bowles – Way Finding

advantages of nature: Ants

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Place-making

People have to compensate

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vision

spatial reasoning

mental models

explicit & implicit cues

Place-making

survey knowledge

conceptualize a space as a

whole

generally hierarchical

large general places (cities)

smaller sub-networks

(neighborhoods)

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Place-making

procedural knowledge

a sequence of actions to follow a route from A to B

(directions)

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Place-making

landmark knowledge

that can be seen from various angles and used to

interpolate our position

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Place-making

assisting way-finding

maps

signposts

directions

reference points

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Place-making

types of way-finding tools

tools that display the user’s current position

tools that display the user’s orientation (compass)

tools that log movement

tools that show the user’s surroundings (map)

guided navigation systems (GPS, signage)

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Place-making

psychological space

can be measured like geographical space

shortest distance between spaces is the route

requiring the least effort

ie. less activity, less engagement, less choice

I say: seems boredom would increase the “psychological”

space, so I’d posit it isn’t strictly a positive correlation between

psychological space & level of engagement

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Place-making

elements of mental mapping

in the digital space

paths (hyperlinks)

nodes (pages)

landmarks (logo links to homepage)

districts (global site sections = main districts)

edges (one site versus another—design & nav changes)

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Place-making

back to PLACE

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Place-making

PLACE-making in pervasive IA

reduce disorientation

increase legibility of spaces

support way-finding

Where?

in digital spaces

physical spaces

across channels

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Place-making

structure all elements of the UX as part

of a continuously flowing PLACE

a single, common, existential space

where users feel at home, in context in a PLACE

Particularly for processes that bridge different

channels

Recognize that your users’ experience will bridge

channels, even if your processes don’t

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Place-making

LAYERs. delicious, delicious layers

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“cyberspace is not a

destination; rather, it is

a layer tightly

integrated into the

world around us.”- Institute for the Future (2009)

reality

Place-making

How much time do you spend on the

web?

Real or not, digital places are a part of where we

live our lives, experience emotive space and place

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Place-making

Place-making in the many channeled

world

Internal Place-making

a sense of place within a

single channel

makes use of

advantages, subject to

limitations

more specific, articulate

External Place-making

creating a sense of place

that spans channels

spatial familiarity,

comfort, continuity

vast reach, more

profound

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Place-making

Know

the difference between space and

place

space: physical, objective, impersonal, stable

place: psychological, subjective, experiential,

dynamic, hodological, existential

place is what we design in information space

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Place-making

Know

place is layered

relational layer archetypes of enclosure, vicinity,

continuity, time

emotional layer feelings, sensations ties to place

behavioral layer interactions, movement

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Place-making

Know

what place-making relies on

place-making doesn’t rely on

technology or wow-factor

place-making does rely on

an understanding of basic cognitive and

psychological mechanisms that guide how we

experience the world

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Place-making

Know

your context

context is more than a project’s settings &

constraints

context in pervasive processes is spatial & dynamic

context changes with the actors, environment,

location, time

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Place-making

Do

build place not (just) space

support way-finding via paths, edges, nodes,

landmarks, and districts

reduce effort (to reduce psychological distance)

make people feel at home, help them relate to

the context

incorporate place-making both internally (within a

channel) and externally (across channels)

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Place-making

Case Study:

“but now we know everything!”

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Project Timethe part where you collaborate and teach each other

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Place-making

Get in your groups

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Place-making

group assignment

the user experience assessment is due TODAY (at

11:59 pm)

last one (it’s a doosey): what you make of it

revised high level IA

revised homepage & (3) interior page wires

cross-channel assessment & recommendations

brief in ctools

due April 3

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https://docs.google.com/a/umich.edu/presentation/d/1muAD2mxE0-WYb3LrHtPpuO7unJhfCNIN6Xrk518Cefw/edit?usp=sharing

Place-making

group project breakdown

assignment 1 – 100 pts



assignment 4 – 100 pts you are here

presentation – 500 pts April 17th

participation – 100 pts you grading each other

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Presentation

Timethe part where you teach

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44 SI658 Information Architecture

Wrap UpMore stuff for you to do.

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45 SI658 Information Architecture

Place-making

last week’s assignment:

who drank out of a coconut?

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Place-making

next reading

Due TUES Mar 19th at 11 pm.

50-300 words responding to the following:

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PERVASIVE IA

Ch 5 Consistency

LatersQuestions?

3/13/2013


information architecture class9 03 13

Internet

physical space

heterogeneous space

known space

pointarchitectural space

hodologicalhuman space

embodiment embodiment

defined meaning 3132013si658

physical beingsspace