influence of the degree of contamination on...
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Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering. Vol. III, 2014Print ISSN 2285-6064, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-6072, ISSN-L 2285-6064
INFLUENCE OF THE DEGREE OF CONTAMINATION
ON THE EFFICIENCY OF TREATING OIL POLLUTED LOAMY SOILS WITH THERMAL DESORPTION
Dorina POP, Valer MICLE
Technical University of Cluj – Napoca, 103 – 105 Muncii Bd., Postcode 400641, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Telephone no. 0754617776; Fax no.: 0264/415054, email: [email protected],
Corresponding author email: [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract The purpose of the hereby paper is to present and interpret the results of the lab experiments performed using soil samples of loamy texture, containing three pollutant concentrations (16710.66; 26300.68 and 39256.68 mg/kg dried substance). In the decontamination process, we opted for three time intervals for keeping the samples in the oven, at 350 °C. The results of the experiments indicate that the efficiency of thermal desorption is influenced by the degree of contamination, which shows the importance of choosing the optimal parameters of the thermal desorption treatment process. Key words: contamination, depollution, thermal desorption, soil, crude oil. INTRODUCTION Environment protection has become a necessity due to the fact that it was damaged as the industrial activities developed (Buliga, 2002). Petroleum products can affect soil, one of the three elements of the geographic environment, and through it, affects the life of human beings, animals and plants (Buliga, 2002). In order to establish remediation methods, the properties of the soils subject to decontamination are of great importance, because the connections among the pollutants and organic substances, clay and soil porosity, influence the destruction of hydrocarbons (Wick et al., 2011). The use of thermal treatments for improving the soils polluted with petroleum products is widely spread worldwide, being one of the most complex activities in the domain of environment protection (Lee et al., 1999; www.petroleumclub.ro). Due to the experience obtained by treating contaminated soils with thermal desorption, the company S.C. SETCAR S.A. Br ila states that the value of the hydrocarbons concentration in the soil must not exceed 10 % and humidity should not be over 15 %. Exceeding these
limits reduces the efficiency of the technology very much (www.setcar-braila.ro). The choice of using direct thermal desorption for decontaminating soils shows that the petroleum products in the soil sustain combustion, improving the efficiency of the treatment process (www.setcar-braila.ro). MATERIALS AND METHODS Figure 1 shows a simplified plan of the experimental research. The extraction of the soil samples was performed in the commune of Bon ida, Cluj County, according to the state standards (STAS) 7184/1-75 (STAS 7184/1-75), in the depth interval of 0 – 20 cm. The decontamination process was performed in the laboratory, using soil samples with loamy texture (figure 2). For each test we weighed 100 g soil, of which we removed the foreign materials (pebbles, leaves), we polluted them with three quantities of pollutant and we determined the quantity of pollutant of the initial sample and the final one (after the decontamination process). The quantity of pollutant in the soil samples was determined according to the state standards
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Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering. Vol. III, 2014Print ISSN 2285-6064, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-6072, ISSN-L 2285-6064
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Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering. Vol. III, 2014Print ISSN 2285-6064, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-6072, ISSN-L 2285-6064
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Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering. Vol. III, 2014Print ISSN 2285-6064, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-6072, ISSN-L 2285-6064