influence of fly ash deposits on state-of-the-art super ... young researcher forum/10 - m... · •...

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Universität Stuttgart Universität Stuttgart Prof. Dr. techn. G. Scheffknecht Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Dampfkesselwesen Institute of Process Engineering and Power Plant Technology Influence of fly ash deposits on state-of-the-art super-heater materials in oxy-lignite combustion Gosia Stein-Brzozowska, M.Sc., Eng. University of Stuttgart Institute of Process Engineering and Power Plant Technology (IVD) Department: Power Plant Technology E-mail: [email protected]

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Page 1: Influence of fly ash deposits on state-of-the-art super ... Young Researcher Forum/10 - M... · • Characterization of deposits and their interactions with super-heater pipes

Universität StuttgartUniversität StuttgartProf. Dr. techn. G. Scheffknecht

Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und DampfkesselwesenInstitute of Process Engineering and Power Plant Technology

Influence of fly ash deposits

on state-of-the-art super-heater materials

in oxy-lignite combustion

Gosia Stein-Brzozowska, M.Sc., Eng.University of Stuttgart

Institute of Process Engineering and Power Plant Technology (IVD)Department: Power Plant Technology

E-mail: [email protected]

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Universität Stuttgart

Contents

• Projects• Facilities• Experimental part• Experimental part• Results

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Universität Stuttgart

Researches and Projects within IVD on oxy-fuel combustion

• Assocogs• Oxy-mod• Oxyburner• Encap• COORETEC

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Universität Stuttgart

COORETEC

• Corrosion and fouling on new materials in high-temperaturepower plants

• Project start: 01.01.2007, duration: 4 years• Aims within WP3:

• Characterization of deposits and their interactions with super-heater pipesheater pipes

• Reduction and control of fly ash deposition and corrosion attack in order to increase super-heater‘s lifetime

• High-capacity power plants (short time)• KSVA • Lab-scale ovens (long time)

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Universität StuttgartTechnical scale and lab-facility

Lausitz-TBK / air (ref.)Lausitz-TBK / Oxyfuel

lab-scalefurnace

analyticsfly-ash

IVD-KSVA

collection of fly-ash

analytics

Gas composition: SO2, CO2, H2O, O2, NOx

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Universität Stuttgart

KSVA-Oxyfuel (0,5 MW th)

StoragetanksFD/ RG fan

O2

CO2

Gasdistribution

Coal feeding

Burnerwindbox

Air

Bottomash

ID fanESPSCR

tanksFD/ RG fan

Stack

AirO2 CO2

Heatexchanger

By-passes

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Universität Stuttgart

Lab-scale ovens, long term exposisions

10 mN3/h

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Universität Stuttgart

Experiments in lab-scale

Page 9: Influence of fly ash deposits on state-of-the-art super ... Young Researcher Forum/10 - M... · • Characterization of deposits and their interactions with super-heater pipes

Universität Stuttgart

Gas parameters, coal-specific

• [CO2] = 75 %wet

• [H2O] = 20 %• [O2] = 3,5 %wet

• [SO2] = 1,5 %wet

• T = 650°C

∆T= 30°C

• T = 650°C

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Universität Stuttgart

Coal and fly ash used

Hu

[MJ/kg]H2O[% raw]

Ash[% wf]

Volatiles[% maf]

Cfix

[% maf]C [% maf]

H [% maf]

N[% maf]

S [% maf]

O[% maf]

Lausitz TBK

21,412 10,20 5,46 57,36 42,64 66,78 5,26 0,65 0,72 26,59

Fly ash 0,71 <0,3 <0,3 4,2 0,072Fly ash ESP 2Oxy 2*

0,71 <0,3 <0,3 4,2 0,072

100 kg coal � 6,08 kg ash � 0,26 kg S

*Oxy 2 – 62% reci-rate; CO2 as coal carrier gas 30m³/h

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Universität Stuttgart

Analytics

• Mineralogical phases / chemical composition• Structure and buildup of deposit and oxide scale• Corrosion rate and rest thicknessAnd esp.:• Special changes in deposit (mechanical properties,

carbonization, sulphonation, fouling - phase buildup)carbonization, sulphonation, fouling - phase buildup)

With help of:• XRD• SEM-EDS / WDS• Light microscope

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Universität Stuttgart

Alloys to be tested

austenites Ni-basis

%mav DMV310N Sanicro 25 DMV617

[Cr] 25 22,5 21,5[Cr] 25 22,5 21,5

[Ni] 21,5 25,1 54,45

[Co] - 1,5 11,5

[Mo] - - 9

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Universität Stuttgart

Results

40 mm

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Universität Stuttgart

DMV310N: 650 °C, 250h, Oxyfuel

2,5-3 µm

Cr

Fe

O

S

1,5-2 µm

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Universität Stuttgart

DMV310N: 650 °C, 350h, Oxyfuel

7-8 µm

Cr

Fe

7-8 µm

O

S

8-9 µm

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Universität Stuttgart

DMV310N: 650 °C, 350h, Oxyfuel (BSE)

MAP

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Universität Stuttgart

DMV310N: 650 °C, 350h, Oxyfuel (MAP)

Fe Ni

O S

: 8 µm

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Universität Stuttgart

Results, sum-up

• Oxid scale: 2,5 – 3 um � 7 – 8 um• S-layer: 1,5 – 2 um � 8 – 9 um

� S diffuses with t towards alloy

• Non-linear dh dependance on dt• Longer observations needed• Longer observations needed

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Universität Stuttgart

Conclusions

• Further expositions t = 500 h need to be done• No synthetic fly ash used• Materials directly from pipes producers

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Universität Stuttgart

The End

Thank Youfor Your attentionfor Your attention

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Universität Stuttgart

Gas mixing station

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Universität Stuttgart

Referenz Screening

Luft-Ref OF-Ref #1

Leistung in kWth 286 286 321

Stöchiometrie λ 1.11 1.11 1.08

O2 global in Vol.-%tr 20.9 32.9 38.4

O2 global in Vol.-%feucht 20.6 25,9 28.8

Luft-Referenz Oxyfuel-Referenz

Versuchseinstellungen/Gasatmosphäre Luft/Oxyfuel IV D-KSVA

CO2: 17 % SO2: 1720 ppm

CO2: 94 %

O2 global in Vol.-%feucht 20.6 25,9 28.8

O2 Abgas in Vol.-%tr 2.3 3.7 2

Rauchgasvol. in m3N/hfeucht 323 233 225

Rauchgasfeuchte in Vol.-% 10 21 25

Rezirkulationsrate in % - 71 65

Adiabate Flammentemp. °C 1881 1710 1958

SO2: 580 ppm

Die in der KSVA gemessenen Gasatmosphären werden mi t Hilfe einer Gasmischstation (aus Reinstgasen) erzeugt

Festlegung der ersten zwei Gasatmosphären LA-TBK (LA-Luft/LA-Oxy) für Laborauslagerung basierend auf Messwerten (keine Verwendung meist nicht kohlespezifischer Berechnungen bzw. Literaturangaben).

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Universität Stuttgart

SO2 formation mechanism in fuel-rich region: Lausitz Coal ( λ1=0.75, T1~3 Sec)

Air-Blown Combustion Oxy-Coal Combustion

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

SO

2, H

2S [p

pm]

5

10

15

20

25

30

O2,

CO

[vol

%]

SO2 H2S O2 CO

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

SO

2, H

2S [p

pm]

5

10

15

20

25

30

O2,

CO

[vol

%]

SO2 H2S O2 CO

Equilibrium

Measurement1 2

SO2 34% 46% 41%

H2S 40% 54% 59%

Equilibrium

Measurement1 2

SO2 34% 46%? 57%

H2S 40% 54%? 43%

1: All S containing compounds and radicals considered i.e. SO2, H2S, S2, COS, SO, SO3, HS

2: Only SO2 and H2S considered

Percentage conversion towards SO2 and H2S

0

200

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

Distance from Burner [m]

0

5

0

200

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

Distance from Burner [m]

0

5

Good agreement for air-blown combustion

Need to verify the equilibrium calculation for oxy-fuel combustion scenario, as %SO2 is much higher than % H2S)

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Universität Stuttgart

IVD-KSVA: Messungen Gasatmosphäre

2 −3 −

Global T (fix) 4 −5 −

6 −7 −8 −9 −

10 −

11 −12 −13 −

2 −3 −

Global T (fix) 4 −5 −

6 −7 −8 −9 −

10 −

11 −12 −13 −

Messebene

Messungen in der Brennkammer:

• Profil Gastemperatur

• Profil Gasatmosphäre (O2, CO2, O2, SO2, NO)

• Ausbrand

• Beprobung Flugasche13 −14 −15 −

16 −17 −18 −19 −20 −

(gas emissions) 25 −

Global T (fix) 26 −

Quench 29 −

13 −14 −15 −

16 −17 −18 −19 −20 −

(gas emissions) 25 −

Global T (fix) 26 −

Quench 29 −

• Emissionen Brennkammerende (O2, CO2, O2, SO2, NO)

k1

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Slide 24

k1 Hallo Frau Schlüter,

hier sehen Sie die Brennkammer der KSVA (Höhe: 7 m) und die üblicherweise durchgeführten Messungen in der Brennkammer. Die Messöffnungen werden vertikal als Ebenen (Ebene E2 bis E29, siehe Abbildung links) bezeichnet. An den verschiedenen Ebenen werdendann auch horizontal an verschiedenen Punkten Temperaturen und Emissionen gemessen, so dass i. a. Daten einer umfangreichen (Gitter-)Netzmessung vorliegen, die dann auch als Input für unser Feuerraumsimulationsprogramm AIOLOS zur Verfügung stehen. Die Netzmessungen konzentrieren sich dabei im Normalfall auf die Ebenen E2-E15, da in diesem Bereich die für eine Feuerraumsimulation besonders interessante Hauptverbrennungszone liegt.kull, 08/11/2007