infectious and non infectious diseases
TRANSCRIPT
Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases By Lauren Goodwin
MalariaInfectious Disease
Cause and Transmission Malaria is caused a parasite
Plasmodium, found in certain types of mosquito
Transmitted by bites of certain types of mosquitoes
The parasites multiply in the liver and infect red blood cells
Symptoms Symptoms include: Fever Headache Vomiting Muscle pain Diarrhoea Tiredness Coughing Symptoms appear 10-15 days after bite If not treated, can become life threatening by disrupting the
blood Parasites have developed resistance to many medicines
around world
Treatment and Prevention Effective and prompt treatment with artemisinin-
based combination therapies Some medicines don't work for malaria from some
parts of the world Choice of medicine depends on where you were
infected Chloroquine is often used as an anti-malarial
medication Use of insecticidal nets by people at risk Indoor residual spraying insecticide to control the
vector mosquitoes Wearing insect repellent and long sleeved clothing
Incidence Occurs in over 100 countries and territories Large parts of Central and South America, Hispaniola,
Africa, India, Southeast Asia, Middle East, Oceania Occurs in warmer regions of the world- tropical and
subtropical, warmer regions allow mosquitoes to thrive
More common in the wet season People most at risk are: Pregnant women Infants and children under 5 People with HIV/AIDS
Occurrences of Malaria in the World
Osteoporosis Non-infectious Disease
Causes Everyone’s bone start becoming lighter
and thinner from middle age Symptoms usually occur when an
excessive amount of bone is lost In other, more rare case, it is caused
from other illnesses In this case, osteoporosis is a secondary
disease and the primary illness must be treated first
Symptoms Give rise to bone pain Backaches Bones break easier from minor accidents Loss of height Bent spine However, it may not cause any
symptoms at all
Treatment and Prevention Osteoporosis can be treated and
prevented by: Eating a nutritious diet that include
large amounts of calcium and vitamin D Regular exercise Drinking alcohol less Not smoking
Incidence Higher risk of osteoporosis from 30
onwards More common in older people Occurs in most countries one in two women and one in five men
over the age of 50 will break a bone mainly because of poor bone health.
In 2011-12, 3.3% of Australians (726,000 people) reported having osteoporosis.
Vitamin D status around the world