INFECTION CONTROL PRACTICES IN WORKPLACE

Prepared by:Meliza C. Dizon, RN

objectives

What is infection control? Infection Control in a health care facility

is the prevention of the spread of microorganisms from:

• Patient to patient • Patient to Staff member • Staff member to patient

Who does infection control? Every health care facility should have a person or

team that is responsible to ensure Infection Control Policies and Procedures are in place.

Non-health workers is also responsible for assuring their own compliance with infection control policies

Why is Infection Control important?

More susceptible patients are treated and cared in health care facilities

Large amounts of waste contaminated with blood and body substances are handled that can increase risk of infection

Isolation precautionsProtective measure used in

keeping susceptible and compromised hosts against hospital acquired infection.

Person Responsible/Responsibilities Infectious Disease (IDS)

Consultant/Attending Physician

Staff Nurse

Infection Control Nurse

Start

Identification of confirmed infectious

Referring to ICC

Apply Precautionary Measures

Needs Isolation

YES NOTransfer to

isolation room

Ordering release from Isolation Precaution End

Types of Isolation Precaution Standard Precaution

Transmission-based Precaution* Airborne/Droplet/Contact Special Precaution* Reverse Isolation or Protective Environment

Standard Precaution Are infection control practices required

for the basic level of infection control which includes:

*Hand Hygiene

*Personal Protective Equipment/Barriers

HAND HYGIENE

Why is frequent hand washing important? Hand washing is the most important

procedure in the prevention and minimisation of the spread of infection within health care settings.

Health care Workers hands can contaminate by doing simple tasks.

HANDWASHING TECHNIQUE

YOUR 5 MOMENTS FOR HAND HYGIENE

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT are barriers or specialized clothing that

should be worn for protection against infectious materials.

Wear Gloves… When handling blood and body substances When handling non-intact skin When handling mucous membranes While suctioning a patient While handling items or surfaces that have

come into contact with blood or body substances

While performing invasive procedures, such as venepuncture or a finger or heel stick

When handling contaminated sharps

Wear N95 Mask… For airborne cases

Wear surgical mask For droplet cases

Wear Goggles/Face shield E.g suctioning, intubation

Wear Gown When contact of clothing/exposed skin

with blood o body secretions

Transmission-Based Precautions

are infection control practices in addition to Standard precautions that must be used for patients suspected to be infected with highly transmissible or epidemiologically important pathogens

AIRBORNE PRECAUTION Apply to all patients known or suspected to

have serious illness or infected with microorganisms transmitted via airborne.

DROPLET PRECAUTION Apply to all patients known or suspected to

have serious illness or infected with microorganisms transmitted via droplet.

CONTACT PRECAUTION Apply to all patients known or suspected with

infections transmitted through blood and other body fluids.

Transmission-Based Precautions

Types of Isolation Signage Color

Reverse isolation, is used to protect a patient whose resistance to infection is severely lowered by a disease or treatment. The air supply to the room is filtered. All staff and visitors wear caps, gowns, masks, and gloves.

Reverse Isolation

Airborne Precaution: (requires negative air pressure room). If no available AIIR, requires single room with own bathroom; install Air cleaner.Diseases transmitted through air. Remains in the air for a longer period of time (several days).

Droplet Precaution: (cohorting; maintain 3 ft. distance)Diseases transmitted through droplets. Remain in the air for several hours.

Blood and Body Fluids / Contact Precaution: (Isolation room not required except for MDRO)Diseases transmitted through contamination of blood and body fluids from an infectious patients.

Reverse Isolation: (single / private room). Install Air cleanerPatients with very low immune system.WBC – 1,000 below

Standard Precautions: (regular room)Applies to ALL patients regardless of disease status.

Sharps InjuryPolicy All incidents pertaining to the sharps

injury and body fluid exposure shall be reported to ICC office

HCWs must be provided with prophylaxis, management and counseling regarding exposure to sharps, blood and body fluids.

Person Responsible Infection Control Committee Chairman

Injured Healthcare Worker

Unit/Section Head/Immediate Superior

Infection Control Nurse

Employee Physician

START

Report to immediate supervisor

Consult at Employees Clinic/ER

Baseline Reference

none

yes

Request for HbsAg, Anti HBs, Anti HcV

Additional HIV TestA

Bc