Infant Safety and CPR Class

Presented by

TopNotch Safety Classes for Overlake Medical Center

Class Structure

• Introductions ~ 5 to 10 minutes

• Safety Presentation ~ 1 hour and 20 minutes

• BREAK ~ 10 minutes

• CPR Practice ~ 40 minutes

• Infant Choking Rescue ~ 10 minutes

(That’s 2 ½ hours, which allows time for questions.)

About the Class

• Developed with input from experts in

pediatrics, family studies, injury

prevention, health education and child

care

• Content updated at least annually; last

updated in May 2018

• Covers infant and early childhood safety

topics in “subject-by-subject” format,

which is less repetitive than an “ages-

and-stages” approach

• CPR introduction and practice only;

we encourage you to take both First Aid

and CPR certification classes – offered by

Overlake and in the community

• Knowledge is power – we do not intend

to cause worry or fear; our goal is to

empower you

• We honor you as adult learners – feel

free to check your phone, or get up to

use the bathroom or water fountain

Safety and Injury Prevention Topics

• Car Seat Safety

• Water Safety

• Burns

• Choking and Suffocation

• Falls, Entrapment and Strangulation

• Poisons

• Outdoor Safety

• Illness

• Other Safety Issues

(Cuts, Guns, Pets, etc.)

• Escape and Emergency Plans

• Resources

Car Seat Safety

• Children are 5 times safer riding rear facing into their

2nd year – this provides greater protection for the head,

neck and spine

• Forward facing seats are not for children less than 20 pounds

Car Bed Style

Convertible StyleCarrier Style

Booster Style

• Follow the car seat and vehicle

manufacturer’s installation instructions

• Lower anchors are no more or less safe

than installation with a seat belt –

and as your child grows may be less safe

• Proper installation is the key to safety

• Get your car seat checked by a trained

Child Passenger Safety Technician

(check 800bucklup.org.carseat/inspections.asp)

• Car seats have expiration dates

Most car seats

expire after 6 years

from the date of

manufacture.

If you can't find an

explicit expiration

date on the seat,

check the owner's

manual, or call the

manufacturer.

• Know and follow the laws where

you live – in WA it’s 4’9” or age 8

(20% reach this height by age 8; most other

children by age 13 – it is suggested

children not ride in the front seat until age 13)

• Children must be in most

appropriate restraint

• Ask these questions:1. Does it fit your child?

2. Does it fit your vehicle?

3. Is it easy to use correctly every time?

4. Does it fit your budget and lifestyle?

NOTE: Disable front seat passenger air

bags if child must ride there

Drowning Prevention and Water Safety

• Drowning is the second leading cause

of injury death for children ages 1 to 5

• Most infant drowning deaths happen in

bathtubs, buckets or toilets

• Drowning is often quick and quiet

(instinctive drowning response)

• Drowning does not look like what most

people think it does

• Approved safety devices properly

worn are a must

• “Floaties” or water wings are not

an approved safety device – but

may make your child more visible

• Most young children who drown

in pools were out of sight less

than 5 minutes and were being

supervised by both parents

• Constant supervision is the key

to prevent drowning

• If someone was in water and had no

breathing troubles, then regardless of what

happens later, the person did not drown

• Watch for these symptoms and if seen,

seek medical help right away:

- Child acting normal, with no symptoms, then

develops: Cough, difficulty breathing or other concerning

symptoms

- Child with minimal symptoms (like sputtering)

who returns to normal and then develops: Cough, difficulty breathing, sleepiness, or

confusion

- Child, after water rescue, with: Excessive or prolonged cough, fast or hard

breathing, is not breathing normally, or is not

“acting right”

NOTE: Terms to

describe

drowning, like

near, delayed,

dry and

secondary are

discouraged by

the World Health

Organization,

the CDC and the

American Red

Cross.

Burn Prevention

• Each year over 100,000 children

are treated for fire/burn injuries

• Scald burns account for about half

of burns in young children

• Install and maintain smoke alarms;

test them once a month

• Use outlet covers to reduce the risk

of electrical burns

Burn dangers include:

- Hot liquids or foods

- Hair straighteners

- Irons

- Stovetops and hot plates

- Fireplaces

- Freestanding stoves

- BBQs and patio stoves

- Fire pits

- Access to matches and lighters

- Fireworks

- And, just about anything that

gets too hot for little ones

Microwave Safety

• Heating up baby’s bottle in the

microwave can cause uneven

heating, which could burn your

baby’s mouth and/or esophagus

• And, it can destroy some enzymes in

mom’s milk

• Always stir and then test foods

heated in the microwave

• Spilled drinks or food or steam can

cause scald burns

Watch the Water Temperature

• Hot tap water accounts for nearly

1 in 4 of all scald burns

• Bath temperature should be

between 96° to 100° F

• Set household hot water between

120° to 126° F

• It only takes 2 seconds to receive

a third degree scald burn from

~150° F water

Sunburn Protection

• For sunburn protection cover up with

hats, long sleeves and long pants

• Use sunscreen with minerals and at

least SPF 30 and UVA/UVB broad

spectrum protection

• Apply 30 minutes before exposure

and reapply after swimming or every

2 hours

• Often formulas for infants and

children are exactly the same as

products marketed to adults – ask

your child’s provider for

recommendations

Seek Medical Help Right Away

When:• You think it’s a second- or third-degree burn

• The burned area is large (2 to 3 inches in

diameter), even if it seems like a minor burn,

or for any burn that appears to cover more

than 10% of the body

• The burn:

- Comes from a fire, an electrical wire

or socket, or chemicals

- Is on the face, scalp, hands, joint surfaces,

or genitals

- Looks infected (with swelling, pus, redness,

or red streaking of the skin near the wound)

Do not use ice – it

can reduce body

temperature and

cause frostbite

A clean, cool or

cold dressing can

be used if running

water is not

available

Cover the area with

a clean, soft

bandage or light

cloth – no adhesive

bandages

Choking and Suffocation Prevention

Top food choking hazards:

- Hot dogs

- Nuts and seeds

- Chunks of meat or cheese

- Whole grapes

- Hard, gooey, or sticky candy

- Popcorn

- Chunks of peanut butter

- Raw vegetables

- Raisins

- Chewing gum

TIPS: When possible,

cut foods into

quarters – and have

children sit and focus

when eating

Top non-food choking hazards:

- Latex balloons

- Coins

- Marbles

- Magnets

- Toys with small parts

- Toys compressed to fit into the mouth

- Small balls

- Pen or marker caps

- Small button-type batteries

- Medicine syringes

- Doorstop covers

Reduce Suffocation Risk

• Use a firm, tight-fitting mattress

• Never use extra padding, blankets

or pillows under baby

• No pets or plush toys in the crib

• Remove pillows or thick comforters

• Do not use bumper pads

• Do not use positioning devices

(unless prescribed)

Fall, Entrapment and Strangulation Prevention

• Almost 3 million children are treated

in emergency rooms for fall-related

injuries each year

• Tens of thousands of those children

sustain permanent disabilities

• Babies and young children

are curious and move fast –

close supervision is a must

• Keep baby away from elevated

porches, decks, landings and remove

hazards that might cause a fall

• There are ways to keep children

safer – including locks for just about

everything in your home – cabinets,

doorknobs, refrigerators, bi-fold

doors, corner cupboards, toilets,

windows, and more

• Do not place cribs near windows

• Pressure sensitive and/or installed

gates can help

• Protect young children from sharp

corners on furniture, hearths, etc.

• Top-heavy furniture, dressers, appliances

and flat screen TVs can tip over and

injure or entrap

• Secure bookcases and like items with

brackets or safety straps

• Place cords out of reach – they can be

used to pull down heavy items

• Install drawer stops to avoid a dangerous

forward shift in the center of gravity

• Be mindful of anything that can entrap the

head, limbs or digits, especially bassinets

designed to attach to parents’ bed

• Be careful with baby equipment –

The American Academy of Pediatrics

does not recommend the use of

walkers

• If equipment has safety straps – use

them

• Be aware of uneven surfaces,

objects on the floor or ground, wet or

slick surfaces, including the soles of

shoes

Strangulation Prevention

• Check cords on window coverings;

consider installing cord shorteners

• Keep mobiles out of reach and remove

from cribs by 5 months

• Do not use ribbon or string to tie

pacifiers around baby’s neck

• Do not hang diaper bags or purses

from cribs – keep electrical cords out of

reach

• Remove bibs before naptime

• Do not put necklaces on baby and be

careful with headbands

Poison Prevention

• Half of all poisoning cases

occur with children under 6

• Keep poisons in original

containers, locked up and out

of reach

• Dispose of unused/expired

medicines

• Watch out for look-alikes and

beware of new items entering

your home

Poisoning can be caused by:- Cosmetics and hygiene products

- Medicines for pain, colds, coughs, etc.

- Cleaners

- Topical medicines

- Vitamins

- Batteries

- Plants

- Products designed to kill germs

- Arts and crafts supplies

- Pesticides

- Laundry pods

- Marijuana edibles

- Liquid nicotine

- Items introduced into your home,

such as pill boxes and medicines

without child-resistant caps

TIP: Call 9-1-1 for

poisoning concerns –

the dispatcher will

connect you with the

Poison Control Center

Outdoor Safety

• Dress for the weather

• Always use proper safety equipment

• Wear a properly fitted helmet,

after age 1

• When biking, kids are safest in

trailers, with a flag

• Driveways, sidewalks, streets,

parking lots and playgrounds

can also pose risks

• Close supervision is a must

Illness

• Know when to call your child’s

provider – ask for their guidelines

• Keep a first aid kit on hand

• Always check medication labels and

keep a dosing chart handy

• No aspirin products for children under

age 18 years (due to of risk of Reye’s syndrome

– a rare but serious condition that causes swelling

in the brain and liver failure) – most providers

suggest acetaminophen or ibuprofen

• 2 months or younger – 100.4° F or higher

• 3 to 6 months – 101° F or higher

• Older than 6 months – 103° F or higher

• Fever lasting longer than 24 to 48 hours,

severe sore throat, severe earache,

cough, unexplained rash, or repeated

vomiting or diarrhea

• Concern about changes in eating,

sleeping, energy level, or bowel or

bladder habits (such as diapers with little

or no urine)

In general, call your child’s health

care provider if:

TIP: Ask your child’s

health care provider

what type of

thermometer they

recommend:

- Rectal

- Forehead

- Armpit

- Ear canal

- Oral

Respiratory Illnesses

• Over 200 viruses cause colds

• Croup is an upper respiratory

infection with barking cough and

wheezing

• RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) is

a common highly contagious viral

infection with cold-like symptoms

that infects most children by age 2

TIPS: When in doubt,

take your child to be

seen and learn when

to go to Urgent Care

versus the Emergency

Department

Symptoms to watch for:

- Breathing fast

- Retractions (seeing a deeper outline of the

ribcage or ribs than what is normal)

- Frequent coughing (that may also include

vomiting)

- Activity (not playing or being usual self)

- Talking (infants and toddlers are quiet, not making

normal sounds; older children are unable to talk

normally, having to catch breaths between words)

- Wheezing (a high-pitched whistling sound heard

when breathing out)

- Stridor (a harsh, raspy vibrating sound heard

when breathing in)

- Fever

- Lack of urine output (fewer wet diapers, dry

diapers or fewer trips to the bathroom)

Foodborne Illness

• Wash hands before and after preparing

food

• Follow recommendations for preparing

bottles and food as well as how long it

can be left out

- Transport bottles and food in insulated coolers

- Wash food prep/serving items with hot water

- Do not make more formula than needed

- Do not put partially used bottles back in fridge

- Check safety buttons on baby food jars

- Do not feed baby food directly from the jar

Other Safety Issues

Cuts and Punctures

• Keep sharp objects out of reach,

including razors

Gun Safety

• If you have guns, keep them unloaded

and locked in a safe place; ask about

gun safety where your child visits and

is cared for

Items Brought Into Your Home

• Toiletry kits, knitting needles, pocket

knives and more

Pet Safety

• Talk with your child’s provider and

veterinarian about how to introduce

baby to pet and pet to baby

• Never leave a young child

unsupervised with an animal

• Do not approach a pet when eating,

sleeping, playing with a toy, in its crate

or caring for its young – make loud

noises or sudden moves

• Pet gently – no pulling or tugging

• Wash hands well after contact with

animals

Period of PURPLE Crying

Wearing Your Baby

• Research shows around a 45% reduction in crying for

babies worn about 4 hours a day

• Person carrying the baby should be able to kiss the top

of baby’s head

• Baby’s chin should not be touching its chest

Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome)

• A form of child abuse that happens

when an infant or small child is

violently shaken

• Can cause severe injuries – it may

cause injury to children of any age, but

infants are most susceptible to being

injured

• Shaken injuries are not caused by:

- Bouncing a baby on your knee

- Tossing a baby in the air

- Jogging or bicycling with your baby

- Falls off a couch or other furniture

- Sudden stops in a car or driving over bumps

Symptoms might include:

- Extreme irritability

- Vomiting

- Poor appetite or feeding problems

- Breathing difficulties

- Convulsions (seizures)

- Lethargy (extreme tiredness, lack of movement,

inability to stay awake)

- Pale- or blue-colored skin

- Bruising; grab marks, on the arms or chest

- A forehead that appears larger than usual, or a

soft spot that seems to be bulging

- Inability to lift his or her head

- Tremors (the shakes)

- Inability to focus or follow movement; unequal pupil size

- Unconsciousness

- Coma

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

(SIDS)

- Put baby on back to sleep on firm surface

- Keep soft objects out of crib (blankets, pets,

plush toys, etc.)

- Have baby sleep in same room, but not same

bed

- Breastfeed as long as possible, if able to do so;

offer a pacifier after baby is feeding well

- Do not let baby get too hot; do not put baby to

sleep with a hat on

- Keep room temperature between 68° and 72° F

- Keep away from smoke

- Do not use products that claim to reduce risk,

unless prescribed

NOTE: Tummy time is great to help strengthen

neck muscles – stay with baby and make

sure baby is awake

Escape and Emergency Plans

• Have fire escape and emergency

plans, including a designated meeting

place

• Review your plans with caregivers and

visitors – be sure they know location of:

- Emergency contact numbers

- First aid kit, fire extinguishers, breaker box

and emergency shut-off valve

• Practice your escape and safety plans

• Create a disaster preparedness kit

Resources

Websites

healthychildren.org

Sponsored by American Academy of Pediatrics

kidshealth.org

Most visited site; sections for kids, teens and parents

cpsc.gov

Consumer Product Safety Commission

800bucklup.org

Washington State Safety Restraint Coalition

wapc.org

Washington Poison Center

Apps

• Pocket First Aid and CPR by American Heart

Association

• First Aid by American Red Cross

• There are countless apps for:

- Milestones and developmental information

- Baby monitoring

- Lullabies or white noise

- Tracking

- Photos

- Nursing/Pumping

- Health information (ask your child’s

provider for recommendations)

- Babysitters and other care providers

And, some apps combine many of the above and more,

with options to download reports to share.

Thank You

TopNotchSafetyClasses@gmail.com

• BREAK – see you back in ~ 10 minutes

for infant CPR practice and

demonstration of infant choking rescue

technique

• For questions, please contact us at: