Industrialization and Nationalism

1800-1870

The Congress of Vienna Meeting of countries

throughout Europe Re-arranged borders in

an effort to balance power evenly

Attempted to contain revolutionaries by implementing more conservative policies

Adopted a principle of intervention to stop revolutions

The Growth of Liberalism and Nationalism Liberalism held that people should be as

free as possible from government restraint Wished to protect civil liberties Religious toleration Separation of church and state Favored government ruled by a constitution

Nationalism arose as people began to identify themselves as part of a country Loyalty now went to nation instead of king The political order was threatened if

nationalities unified into one nation

Revolutions of 1848

FranceGermany

Central EuropeItaly

Nationalism in Europe Great Britain

Strong feeling of national pride Sparked by extension of voting rights and

industrialization France Austria

Unique situation because many different ethnic groups lived in Austria

Russia

The Industrial Revolution Began in the 1780s Great Britain was the starting point

because… Agricultural practices had changed and people

now had enough food and extra money The population grew Lots of capital to invest in new businesses Plentiful natural resources (water) Large supply of markets

Changes in Industry Moved from Cottage

Industry to Factories New inventions helped

this move Spinning jenny water-powered loom Steam engine

Increased the need for a coal and iron industry

What Made Early Factories

Successful?Open day and night

Workers worked in shifts and were disciplined

Railroads helped move supplies efficiently

The Spread of Industrialization Europe

Belgium, France Germany Government encouraged

industrialization and built infrastructure to support it

North America Industrialization occurred

because Transportation system

improved Immigrants provided a

larger labor force

Social Impact of Industrialization

Population of cities grew An industrial middle class was born

Those who built factories, bought machines, developed markets

An industrial working class was born Worked long hours No employment security or minimum wage Horrible conditions