industrialism progressive era reforms american imperialism spanish american war world war i
TRANSCRIPT
DAY 2: EOC REVIEWIndustrialism
Progressive Era ReformsAmerican ImperialismSpanish American War
World War I
Political Machines (Page 7)
Who was the famous political boss of Tammany Hall, NYC? BOSS TWEED.
Corruption: Bribery
Business (Page 7)
Free Enterprise, laissez-faire government and abundant resources caused- growth in business
Led to growth of industry/corporations/trusts/monopolies
Entrepreneurs Andrew Carnegie: Gospel of Wealth John Rockefeller: Standard Oil
Business (Page 7)
List workplace abuses: low wages, long hours, dangerous work environments, repetitive tasks
Why was this called the Gilded Age? Wealth for some, poverty for others.
What was Social Darwinism? Competition in business: stronger would survive.
Immigration (page 7)
Push Factors? Poverty, War, Discrimination
Pull Factors? Freedom, jobs, opportunity.
What was nativism? Viewpoint that wanted to restrict immigration
Chinese Exclusionary Act: Restricted immigration of Chinese workers.
Urbanization (Page 7)
Rural to Urban: Why did people move?
What problems did rapid growth create? Overcrowding Sanitation Problems Tenements Infrastructure Corruption
Technology (Page 7)
Elevator Telephone/Telegraph Oil Drilling Bessemer Process Electricity How did technology impact business?
Improved productivity and standard of living.
Progressive Era Reforms (page 8)
Economic Reforms: 16th Amendment- Income Tax: Congress
could now tax personal income What impact did the following reforms
have? Business regulation: Increased the
federal governments ability to prevent unfair business activities
Federal Reserve Act of 1913: Federal government’s movement toward enacting monetary policy
Progressive Era Reforms (Page 8)
Social Reform and its impact NAACP: Gave a voice to racial equality 19th Amendment: Women's right to vote Settlement Houses: Movement toward
social reform. Meat Inspection Act: Protection of
Consumer Health Pure Food and Drug Act: Labor Unions: Gave a voice to workers
rights.
Progressive Era Reforms (Page 8)
Political: Initiative: voters can introduce bill. Recall: voters can remove elected
officials. Referendum: voters could seek
legislators to put a bill on ballot. Direct Primary: Used by voters to choose
candidates 17th amendment: Direct Election of
Senators Civil Service Reform: created commission
to monitor hiring in government jobs.
Political Reform Impact (Page 8)
Helped end corruption and increased participation in democratic process.
Environmental Reform (Page 8)
National Park Service Act: established parks & monuments under federal control.
National Park System: supervision & maintenance of natural parks, monuments.
Impact: Conservation of natural resources by the federal government .
American Imperialism
Brain Pop: Theodore Roosevelt
American Imperialism: From Isolationism to
Expansionism (Page 9) Military: Alfred T. Mahan argued for a strong Navy in
his book “Influence of Sea Power Upon History”
Protection of territories Refueling ports
American Imperialism (Page 9)
Economic/Political Need for raw materials and markets. Open Door Policy— U.S. declares continued
trade with China. Boxer Rebellion Dollar Diplomacy— Taft’s idea to give
economic support to other countries. Roosevelt Corollary— justified sending U.S.
troops to intervene in Central America.
American Imperialism (Page 9)
Social Spread of American institutions Missionary zeal
Examples of American Imperialism (Page 9)
Annexation of Hawaii o Sandford B. Dole o Missionaries o Military Port
Commodore Perry opens Japan to trade
Henry Cabot Lodge and Theodore Roosevelt pushed for expansionism— what is that? Desire to expand territory for economic, social, or political gain
How was this different from previous U.S. foreign policy?
Isolationism was original foreign policy (neutrality)
Panama Canal o Huge undertaking that Theodore Roosevelt oversaw o Improved trade and military movement
Malaria/challenges of geography
Spanish American War (Page 10)
WHO: United States, Spain. Yellow journalism—Pulitzer and Hearst newspapers used this exaggerated form of journalism
When: 1898, USS Maine Where: Cuba and the Philippines. San
Juan Hill Victory of Rough Riders led by Theodore Roosevelt
Spanish American War (Page 10)
Why: USS Maine sinks and the U.S. blames Spain.
De’Lome letter calls President McKinley weak. Americans are outraged.
How: Media—Yellow journalism increases
support. Land—U.S. fought Spain in Cuba and the
Phillipines. Sea—U.S. defeats Spain quickly.
Spanish American War (Page 10)
Significance: U.S. acquired territory from Spain—
Guam, Puerto Rico, and Philippines Platt Amendment— U.S. could intervene
in Cuba What was the result? U.S. moves into
world power Why is this war considered a turning
point? U.S. began to have more international influence
World War I (Page 11)
WHO? President Wilson initially declared neutrality Alliances: Allies vs. Central Powers American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) led by
John J. Pershing Argonne Forest one of the most famous
battles (1918)because it shattered the German defenses
Alvin York won the Congressional Medal of Honor
Technological Innovations (Page 11)
Poison gas Tanks Machine guns Airplanes
Effects of Technological Innovations (Page 11)
Western Front— hundreds of miles of battle front along eastern France
Trench warfare … led to a Stalemate led to … Massive casualties
Causes of World War I (Page 11)
Militarism: build-up of military Alliances: joining forces with countries with
similar ideology Imperialism exercising control over another
nation Nationalism: extreme loyalty to your nation Assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand
Reasons for United States Entry (Page 11)
When 1917 Lusitania is sunk Germany’s unrestricted submarine
warfare Ties to Allies Zimmerman Telegram Sussex Pledge
Significance (Page 11)
Treaty of Versailles— Germany reparations and accept guilt Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points created League of Nations Great Migration U.S. returns to isolationism International instability Espionage Act of 1917/Sedition Act restricted
freedom of speech Selective Service Act