industrial revolution. riddle: what does a power loom and a ferrari have in common?
TRANSCRIPT
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Industrial Revolution
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Riddle:
•What does a Power Loom and a Ferrari have in common?
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Effects of the Industrial Revolution
• What was the industrial revolution?– Machines coordinated to make
goods– Energy from non-animal
sources– Industry grew 4 times faster
• Changed all aspects of society– Most profound effect since
agriculture– Government change
• Political and military balance• Europe as dominant power
– Transformed social classes– Higher standard of living for
most
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Effects of the Industrial Revolution
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Effects of the Industrial Revolution
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Origins
• Agricultural revolution– Horse and steel plow– Fertilizer use– Yields improved 300% 1700-1850
• Growth of foreign trade for manufactured goods– Foreign colonies– Increase in ships and size
• Successful wars and foreign conquest
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Origins – Why England?• Factors in England
– No civil strife– Government favored
trade– Laissez faire: Hands Off
Government– Large middle class– Island geography– Mobile population – Everyone lived within 20
miles of navigable river– Tradition of experimental
science– Weak guilds
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Manufacturing• Textiles
– 4-5 spinners per weaver
Flying Shuttle
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Manufacturing Textiles• Cotton gave stronger fibers• Invention of Spinning Jenny
– Demand for skilled weavers
• Mechanical looms (flying shuttle)• Jacquard looms
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Richard Arkwright – 1771
• Invents the spinning water frame
• Constructs the first spinning factory– Realized that several machines could be
linked to create a factory – Needed water power to turn the machines
(water wheel expert)– Needed gears (watchmaker)
The creation of the first spinning factory was the beginning of the Industrial Revolution
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Edmund Cartwright–1787
• Power loom factory
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Manufacturing Textiles• Jacquard looms
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Manufacturing Negatives
• Poor working conditions
• Children supplied labor
• Luddites– Handicraftsmen replaced
by machine– Organized to stop
industrialization
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Energy and Transportation
• Animal power and plant burning• Water emerged as energy source• Iron industry energy crisis
– Lack of wood– Coal discovered– Steam pumps for mines
• Steam engines• Railroads
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Technology
• The Industrial Revolution was built on rapid advances in technology– Travel and Communication
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Steamboat
• Created By: Robert Fulton
• Define: A boat that was powered by steam which was used for transporting goods
• Significance: First ship that could travel under its own power
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Steam Engines (Trains)
• Created by: Peter Cooper
• Significance: Reduced travel time, linked major cities, sped the pace of life
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The Telegraph and Morse Code• Perfected By: Samuel B. Morse
• Telegraph: A device that could send information across wires and great distances
• Morse Code: Different combinations of dots and dashes that represent each letter of the alphabet
• Significance: The first device that can send messages electronically
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Cotton Gin and Interchangeable Parts
• Eli Whitney: Southern American Inventor
• Cotton Gin: A machine that could separate seeds from cotton
• Interchangeable Parts: Parts that can be used on multiple machines
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Industrial Revolution
• 1. Name one benefit
• 2. Name one negative
• 3. What are interchangeable parts
• 4. What did the Industrial Revolution create for people for living?