1

RESEARCH REPORT

2

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIESAND

ADVANCED APPLICATIONS

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

3

FI FIBERSFibers are a class of hair-like material that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated pieces,

similar to pieces of thread.

They are used as components of composites materials or spun into threads & ropes.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

4

CO COMPOSITESComposite materials are heterogeneous materials consisting of two or more solid phases, which are

in intimate contact with each other on a microscopic scale.

Natural fiber is a type of renewable sources and a new generation of reinforcements and supplements

for polymer based materials.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

5

NF NATURAL FIBERS

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

6

N1 SOURCESNATURAL FIBERS

PLANTS MINERALS ANIMALS

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

7

REINFORCED NATURAL FIBERS/FILLERS

PLANT FIBERS MINERAL FIBERS ANIMAL FIBERS

BAST FIBER

LEAF FIBER

ASBESTOS FIBER

STALK FIBER

SEED FIBER

FRUIT FIBER

CERAMIC FIBERHAIR FIBER

SILK FIBER

AVIAN FIBER

METAL FIBER

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

8

PLANT FIBERS

BAST FIBERFIBERS ARE COLLECTED FROM THE SKIN OR BAST SURROUNDING THE STEM

FLAX HEMP JUTE RAMIE

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

9

PLANT FIBERS

LEAF FIBERFIBERS COLLECTED FROM LEAVES

ABACA BANANA SISAL PINEAPPLE

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

10

PLANT FIBERS

STALK FIBER

WHEAT RICE MAIZE OAT

FIBERS COLLECTED FROM STALK

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

11

PLANT FIBERS

SEED FIBERFIBERS ARE COLLECTED FROM SEEDS OR SEED CASES.

COTTON KAPOK MILKWEED COIR

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

12

PLANT FIBERS

FRUIT FIBERFIBERS ARE COLLECTED FROM THE FRUIT OF THE PLANT

COCONUT

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

13

PLANT FIBERS

WOOD FIBERFIBER DERIVED FROM WOOD

BALSA (HARDWOOD) TIMBER (SOFTWOOD)

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

14

MINERAL FIBERS

ASBESTOS FIBERTHE ONLY NATURALLY OCCURRING MINERAL FIBER.

CHRYSOTILE SERPENTINE AMPHIBOLE AMOSITE

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

15

CERAMIC FIBERFIBER OBTAINED FROM GLASS FIBERS.

MINERAL FIBERS

GLASS ALUMINIUM OXIDE SILICON CARBIDE BORON CARBIDE

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

16

METAL FIBERFIBERS PREPARED FROM METAL ORES

MINERAL FIBERS

ALUMINIUM SILVER STAINLESS STEEL GOLD

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

17

ANIMAL FIBERS

HAIR FIBERFIBER OR WOOL TAKEN FROM ANIMALS OR HAIRY MAMMALS.

SHEEP WOOL GOAT HAIR ALPACA FUR HORSE HAIR

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

18

SILK FIBERFIBER COLLECTED FROM DRIED SALIVA OF BUGS OR INSECTS DURING THE PREPARATION OF COCOONS.

ANIMAL FIBERS

SILKWORM

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

19

AVIAN FIBERFIBERS ARE COLLECTED FROM FEATHER OF BIRDS.

ANIMAL FIBERS

KAPOK

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

20

N2 ADVANTAGESNATURAL FIBER

High specific properties with lower prices of natural fiber composites are making it attractive for

various applications.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

21

RENEWABLE

EASILY AVAILABLE

RECYCLABLE

BIODEGRADABLE

LOW DENSITY

HIGH STABILITY

SATISFYING MECHANICAL AND ACCOUSTIC PROPERTIES.

ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY.

PRODUCTION IS ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN FRIENDLY.

LOW INVESTMENT FOR PRODUCTION.

REDUCED FOGGING BEHAVIOUR DURING MANUFACTURING.

OPTION FOR NEW PRODUCTION MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

22

N3 APPLICATIONSNATURAL FIBER

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

23

BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY STORAGE DEVICES INDUSTRY FURNITURE INDUSTRY

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

24

TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY SPORTS INDUSTRY TEXTILE INDUSTRY

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

25

NC NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES

Natural fiber composites are a composite material consisting of a polymer matrix embedded with high-

strength natural fibers, like jute, oil palm, sisal, kenaf, and flax.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

26

C1 ADVANTAGESNATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES

Natural fibers reinforced composites are emerging very rapidly as the potential substitute to the

metal or ceramic based materials in applications that also include automotive, aerospace, marine,

sporting goods and electronic industries.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

27

ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES Renewable raw material base

Biodegradable

Reduced fossil fuel and resource consumption

Lower Greenhouse gas emissions

Lower overall emissions and environmental impacts

Energy recovery from incineration

ECONOMIC ADVANTAGES Rising petroleum prices, technological progress and scale economies.

Raw materials available at very low cost.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

28

C2DIFFERENCESNATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES

SYNTHETIC FIBER COMPOSITES

vs

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

29

ASPECTS PARAMETER

COMPOSITES

NATUAL FIBER SYNTHETIC FIBER

TECHNICAL

MECHANICAL PROPERTY MODERATE HIGH

MOISTURE PROPERTY HIGH LOW

THERMAL PROPERTY HIGH LOW

ENVIRONMENTAL

RESOURCES INFINITE LIMITED

PRODUCTION LOW HIGH

RECYCLABILITY GOOD MODERATE

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

30

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES SYNTHETIC FIBER COMPOSITES

These are naturally obtained.

Colors of these are obtained naturally.

These are eco-friendly.

These are comparatively less durable than

synthetic fibers.

These are chemically composed.

Color of these are artificially obtained.

These are eco-friendly.

These are more durable than natural

fibers.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

31

MPINDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

32

P1 PROPERTIES

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

33

FIBER COMPOSITE DENSITY (g/𝒄𝒎𝟐) ELONGATION (%) TENSILE STRENGTH (MPa) YOUNG’s MODULUS

COTTON 1.5-1.6 7-8 287-597 5.5-12.6

JUTE 1.3 1.5 393-773 26.6

FLAX 2.7-3.2 345-1035 27.6

HEMP 1.6 690

RAMIE 3.6-3.8 400-938 61.4-128

SISAL 1.5 2.0-2.5 511-635 9.4-22

COIR 30 175 4-6.02

VISCOSE 11.4 593 11

SOFT WOOD 1000 40

KENAF 1.5 930 53

NETTLE 1.7 650 38

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

34

P2 PROCESSING

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

35

There are plain mixers like Brabender and many types of extruders. Extruders can be equipped with a single

screw or twin screws. In the case of twin screws they can co-rotate or counter rotate. The screws can be shaped

just for transportation like an Archimedes screw, it can be conical to build up pressure or they can be of even

thickness equipped with kneading and dispersing elements to improve blending. The length to diameter ratio of

the screw as well as the free space for the material differs between screws also giving different residence time.

COMPOUNDING

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

36

The injection molding machine is defined and characterized by its clamp size and its injection capacity. Clamp

force ranges from a couple of tons to several thousands of tons. The most frequently used machines lie around

300 tons. Injection capacity ranges from a few grams to hundreds of kilograms. Most of the heat that is used for

melting granules evolves from friction between granules, and between the barrel and the screw. The size of the

screw often gradually increases.

INJECTION MOULDING

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

37

P3 MODIFICATION

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

38

THERMO TREATMENT FOLLOWED BY CALENDARING & STRETCHING

Softening the lignin & hemicellulose, bringing it to surface & forming of water resistant surface

PLASMA TREATMENT

CORONA DISCHARGE AT ATMOSPHERIC PRESS

This treatment does not at all affect the bulk properties of the natural fibres.

PHYSICAL MODIFACTIONS

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

39

BIOLOGICAL MODIFACTIONS

INVOLVES THE USE OF NATURALLY OCCURRING MICROORGANISMS, NAMELY BACTERIA AND FUNGI.

Process is time consuming, water polluting & the quality of fibres obtained is very much dependent on

quality of water used.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

40

UTILIZES CHEMICAL AGENTS TO MODIFY THE SURFACE OF FIBRES OR THE WHOLE FIBRE THROUGHOUT.

Improve the adhesion between the fibre surface and the polymer matrix.

Increase fibre strength.

Reducing water absorption by composites (increasing moisture resistance).

Improving mechanical properties of the composite materials.

CHEMICAL MODIFACTIONS

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

41

MODIFIES FIBRES FOR NEW FUNCTION ON THE SURFACE.

PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL IS ENHANCED

Layer-by-Layer Deposition and Sol-Gel processes are the main approaches which have commonly

been employed.

NANO TECHNOLOGY

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

42

P4 TREATMENT ALKALINE TREATMENT

SILANE TREATMENT

ACETYLATION

BENZOYLATION

ACRYLATION

COUPLING AGENTS

ISOCYANATE TREATMENT

PERMANGANATE TREATMENT

PEROXIDE TREATMENT

SODIUM CHLORITE TREATMENT

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

43

DISRUPTION OF HYDROGEN BONDING IN THE NETWORK STRUCTURE

SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL IS INCREASED

This treatment removes a certain amount of lignin, wax and oils covering the external surface of the fibre cell

wall, depolymerizes cellulose and exposes the short length crystallites.

The treatment changes the orientation of the highly packed crystalline cellulose order, forming an amorphous

region.

ALKALINE TREATMENT

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

44

SILANE (SiH4) TREATMENT

LET NATURAL FIBRES ADHERE TO A POLYMER MATRIX

COMPOSITE MATERIAL IS STABILIZED

The silanol reacts with the hydroxyl group of the fibre, forming stable covalent bonds to the cell wall that are

chemisorbed onto the fibre surface.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

45

ACETYLATION (CH𝟑COO-) TREATMENT

ESTERIFICATION METHOD

CELLULOSIC FIBRES OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL ARE PLASTICIZED

Chemical modification with acetic anhydride substitutes the polymer hydroxyl groups of the cell wall with

acetyl groups, modifying the properties of these polymers so that they become hydrophobic.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

46

BENZOYLATION (C𝟔H𝟓C=O) TREATMENT

• Decreased hydrophilic nature of the treated fibre.

• Increasing the strength of composite.

• Decreasing its water absorption.

• Improving its thermal stability.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

47

ACRYLATION (CH𝟐=CHCO-)

Acrylation reaction is initiated by free radicals of the cellulose molecule.

Cellulose can be treated with high energy radiation to generate radicals together with chain scission.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

48

COUPLING AGENTS

Maleated coupling agents are widely used to strengthen composites containing fillers and fibre

reinforcements.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

49

ISOCYANATE (-N=C=O) TREATMENT

The isocyanate group is highly susceptible to reaction with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose and lignin in

fibres.

Isocyanate is reported to work as a coupling agent used in fibre-reinforced composites.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

50

PERMANGANATE (MnO𝟒−

) TREATMENT

Permanganate treatment leads to the formation of cellulose radical through MnO3- ion formation.

Highly reactive Mn3+ ions are responsible for initiating graft copolymerization.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

51

In peroxide treatment, fibres are coated with Benzoyl peroxide or Dicumyl peroxide chemicals in acetone

solution for about 30 min after alkali pre-treatment.

PEROXIDE TREATMENT

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

52

BLEACHING OF NATURAL FIBRES WITH SODIUM CHLORITE WHICH CLEANS THE FIBRES THOROUGHLY

COMPOSITE MATERIALS ARE MADE ROUGH

This roughness is responsible for better fibre – matrix adhesion which is possible because of the interlocking of

the rough fibre surface & the matrix polymer chains.

SODIUM CHLORIDE (NaCl) TREATMENT

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

53

AA ADVANCED APPLICATIONSNATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

54

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRYJUTE FIBER COMPOSITE

PRIMARY STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS

Indoor housing elements.

Low cost housing for defense, rehabilitation and transport.

AUTOMOTIVE PANELS MANUFACTURING

Doors, ceilings, engine and passenger compartments.

BARK GREEN EPOXY COMPOSITE

AUTOMOTIVE INSTRUMENTS PANELS

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

55

CONTSRUCTION INDUSTRY

STRAW BALES

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

WOOD FIBER COMPOSITES

LOAD BEARING ELEMENTS

Beam, roof, multipurpose panel, water tanks and pedestrian bridge.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

56

A1 INNOVATION

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

57

INNOVATION OPPORTUNITIES FOR INDIA

India, endowed with an abundant availability of natural fibers has focused on the development of

natural fiber composites primarily to explore value-added application avenues.

The development of natural fiber composites in India is based on a two-pronged strategy of

preventing depletion of forest resources as well as ensuring good economic returns for the

cultivation of natural fibers.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

58

INNOVATION IN ELECTRONICSECO MOBILE BY NEC2006

First time in world an environmentally sound material has been used for a mobile phone casing.

MODEL NAME: FOMA(R) N701iECO

MATERIAL USED

• Reinforcement: Kenaf

• Resin: Poly Latic acid

ADVANTAGES

• Heat resistant

• Environment friendly

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

59

INNOVATION IN SPORTSRACING BICYCLE WITH NFC

Museeuw bikes has developed first racing bike with flax carbon epoxy prepare.

MODEL NAME: MF1, MF3, MF5.

MATERIAL USED

• Reinforcement: Flax, Hemp.

• Resin: epoxy

ADVANTAGES

• Good anti-vibration property

• low cost.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

60

INNOVATION IN AUTOMOBILEECO PARTS IN AUTOMOBILE

OEM & MODEL NAME: Ford Motor Co., 2010 Ford Flex CUV.

APPLICATIONS: Trim bin.

MATERIAL & PROCESS: Wheat-Straw-Reinforced PP, Injection molding.

PROCESS INNOVATION: Highly automated D-LFT process by Damlier Chrysler.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

61

FS FUTURE SCOPENATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES

THE GLOBAL VISION OF THE BIO-ECONOMY FORESEES A MASSIVE ANNUAL REVENUE GROWTH FOR BIOPRODUCTS.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

62

CASE OF SUCCESS

NATURAL FIBERS : Wood, Hemp, Flax, Kenaf.

BIO-BASED POLYMER : PLA from corn and sweet potato

RESPOND TO THE NEEDS OF MATERIALS IN THE 21ST CENTURY

To cope with limitation of petroleum supply.

To cope with environmental pollution concern

ECONOMICALLY FAVORABLE COMPOSITES MADE OF

Sustainable crop-derived plastics.

Inexpensive crop-derived fibers as reinforcement

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

63

F1 MARKETNatural fiber composites are new in Environment & Energy and sporting segments, but has healthy

potential to capture good market share in near future.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

64

ANNUAL GROWTH

BIOFUELSBIOCHEMICAL

2016 TO 2030

36%BIOMATERIALS

22% 25%

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

65

LUCINTEL‘s report on “NATURAL FIBRE COMPOSITES MARKET TREND AND FORECAST 2011–2016: TREND, FORECAST AND OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS‖ IN 2010”

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITE MARKET (million USD)

180.5

280.3

531.3

1037.8

2005 2010 2016 2030

COMPOUND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE

2005 2010 2016 2030

15%

11%

19%

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

66

NORTH AMERICA is the largest region for BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION APPLICATIONS.

EUROPE is the largest region for AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS.

Asia is emerging as a big market for NFCs due to the rapidly increasing demand in China and India.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

67

AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

68

APPLICATIONS FIBER OPPORTUNITY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

DOOR PANEL/INSERTSKENAF/ HEMP WOOD

FIBERMedium Lower weight Lower strength

REAR PARCEL SHELVES KENAF FLAX Medium Lower cost

High moisture absorption

SEATBACKS FLAX Medium Eco friendly

SPARE TIRE COVERS FLAX Medium Friendly processing Lower durability

OTHER INTERIOR TRIM KENAF FLAX SmallThermal recycling is

possiblePoor fire resistance

SPARE-WHEEL PAN ABACA MediumGood thermal and acoustic

insulation

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

69

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

70

APPLICATIONS FIBER OPPORTUNITY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

DECKING

WOOD FLOUR/FIBER

High Low life cycle cost Lower strength

RAILING SYSTEM High Low & easy maintenance

High moisture absorption

WINDOW FRAME High Low moisture absorption

FENCING FLAX Medium Lower variability than wood Lower durability

PANELS RICE HUSK, BAGASSE HighEco friendly, Government

regulationPoor fire resistance

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

71

ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

72

APPLICATIONS FIBER OPPORTUNITY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

MOBILE CASE KENAF Medium Low cost Lower durability

LAPTOP CASE FLAX Medium Durable Poor fire resistance

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

73

PS PRESENT SCENARIONATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

74

S1 DRIVERS

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

75

RAW MATERIAL SOURCE: Natural fiber composites made with easily available renewable sources.

PROPERTIES: Lighter weight, low energy consumption and low cost product.

VOLATILITY IN OIL COST: Impacts substitute materials market and NFC costs less so and

encourage world to use NFC.

ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES: Natural fiber composites are eco friendly and help to reduce

global warming effect.

GOVERNMENT SUPPORT: Legislative/policy commitment to carbon reduction.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

76

S2 CHALLENGES

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

77

MATERIAL QUALITY:

• Uniformity and consistency of raw material are major industry challenges.

• Lower impact strength, not suitable for applications requiring optimal strength.

• Low UV resistance limits market.

PROCESSSING:

• Natural Fiber variability and subsequent degradation while manufacturing composite products.

• Technological improvements needed.

INVENTORY OF RAW MATERIAL:

• Fibers are hydrophilic which drives potential degradation and biological attack by fungi.

• Subsequent difficulty to store for long periods of time.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

78

S3 FACTORS THERE ARE EXTERNAL SEVERAL FORCES THAT SHAPES NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITE INDUSTRY.

INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

79

NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITE

INDUSTRY

CUSTOMERS SUPPLIERS

WORKFORCE

REGULATORS COMPETITORS

TECHNOLOGY

DISTRIBUTORS CATASTROPHE INNOVATION

CAPITAL

PERFOMANCE

PROCESS

MACHINES

DISASTERS

RECESSION

INSTABILITY

SKILLS

LOCATION

AVAILABILITY

TRADITIONAL

MARKET

ANALYSIS

SPECIALIZATION

EFFCIENCY

SERVICE

SOURSCING

EFFICIENCY

QUALITY

PARTNERSHIP

SERVICE

GLOBALIZATION TAX CREDITS

WASTE LAWS

PROGRAMMES

80

THANK YOU