indo-us education relations a historical perspective for future growth presented by dr.p.j.lavakare...
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Indo-US Education RelationsIndo-US Education Relations A Historical Perspective for Future GrowthA Historical Perspective for Future Growth
Presented by Presented by
Dr.P.J.Lavakare Dr.P.J.Lavakare
Consultant, Institute of International EducationConsultant, Institute of International Educationat at
the FICCI Education Summit, New Delhi, November 6-7, 2009 the FICCI Education Summit, New Delhi, November 6-7, 2009 ________________________________________________________________________________
The talk is based on a review paper to be published inThe talk is based on a review paper to be published in
““Global Education Research Reports”Global Education Research Reports” Report 3Report 3
by by
AIFS Foundation and Institute of International EducationAIFS Foundation and Institute of International Education
India & US in Recent News!!India & US in Recent News!!
““Joint Indo-US Working group to be set up in Education Sector” Joint Indo-US Working group to be set up in Education Sector” – – PIB Press Release, June 11, 2009PIB Press Release, June 11, 2009
“…“…the 21st Century will be a Knowledge Century and India with the 21st Century will be a Knowledge Century and India with its young population, will be a major provider of trained its young population, will be a major provider of trained
workforce to the entire world”workforce to the entire world”. – . – Kapil SibalKapil Sibal
“We find ourselves at the beginning of a third era. - I’ll call it US-India 3.0,” – – Hillary ClintonHillary Clinton
Changing Traditions in Indian Education Changing Traditions in Indian Education
Nalanda University, BiharNalanda University, Bihar (India) (India) - First Univ. in the world - - First Univ. in the world - 55thth Century AD Century AD - International Scholars study Buddhism and other subjects- International Scholars study Buddhism and other subjects
The British Colonial PeriodThe British Colonial Period – – 1919thth Century Century - “- “Western StudiesWestern Studies” – ” – Medicine, Law, Medicine, Law,
Archaeology and Modern Science Archaeology and Modern Science Post Independence EraPost Independence Era - - after 1947after 1947
– – Indian students study in USSR, UK, Germany, Indian students study in USSR, UK, Germany, USA and Australia USA and Australia
Indo-US Educational ExchangesIndo-US Educational Exchanges Modalities and ProgramsModalities and Programs
Independent Study Abroad by Students – Independent Study Abroad by Students – Degree abroad, Semester Abroad, Fulbright fellowships
Faculty Research and Teaching Abroad –Faculty Research and Teaching Abroad – Post doctoral fellowships, Fulbright FellowshipsPost doctoral fellowships, Fulbright Fellowships
Institutional Exchanges – Institutional Exchanges – MOUs between Universities, Universities & MOUs between Universities, Universities & Governments, faculty & student exchangesGovernments, faculty & student exchanges
Student Mobility: Trends in U.S.-India Mobility
Source: Open Doors data from 1994 through 2007/08
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
To India From India To China From China
Student mobility: U.S. students in India
• Since 1996/97, study abroad to India increased 337%
• Between 2005/06 to 2006/07, study abroad to India rose 24%
• Increased interest within U.S. HE community to establish exchange programs and partnerships with Indian institutions
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
1996/ 97 1997/ 98 1998/ 99 1999/ 00 2000/ 01 2001/ 02 2002/ 03 2003/ 04 2004/ 05 2005/ 06 2006/ 07
Academic Exchanges Academic Exchanges Some Issues of Concern for Indo-US Some Issues of Concern for Indo-US
RelationsRelations
Large exodus of Indian Students – Large exodus of Indian Students – Will this cause “Brain Drain” ?...or Will this cause “Brain Drain” ?...or
is this a “Brain Bank”?is this a “Brain Bank”? Few American Students are attracted to India Few American Students are attracted to India
We need more Semester based We need more Semester based “Study India Programs” (SIP) “Study India Programs” (SIP)
Collaborative Institutional Programs are weak Collaborative Institutional Programs are weak We need more faculty exchangesWe need more faculty exchanges
The Indo-US Fulbright ProgramThe Indo-US Fulbright Program“…a modest program with an immodest aim” – Senator J. W. Fulbright“…a modest program with an immodest aim” – Senator J. W. Fulbright
Binational agreement signed Binational agreement signed between India and the US on between India and the US on 22ndnd Feb. 1950 – Feb. 1950 – Fulbright Fulbright program in India is started at program in India is started at USEFI;USEFI;
Fulbrighters are more than Fulbrighters are more than students, scholars and teachers. students, scholars and teachers. They promote mutual They promote mutual understanding between nationsunderstanding between nations; ;
As of now, there are 16,400 As of now, there are 16,400 Indo-US Fulbrighters – Indo-US Fulbrighters – Promoters Promoters of Indo-US understanding;of Indo-US understanding;
USEFI USEFI (1950)(1950) is USIEF is USIEF(2008(2008) ) Today –Today – A truly Binational A truly Binational ProgramProgram
The Kanpur Indo-American Programme The Kanpur Indo-American Programme (KIAP)(KIAP)
(1962-1972)(1962-1972) USAID-GOI Collaborative ProgramUSAID-GOI Collaborative Program
Pandit Nehru encourages world collaboration for IITs Pandit Nehru encourages world collaboration for IITs KIAP: Consortium of Nine leading US universities involvedKIAP: Consortium of Nine leading US universities involved the four parties concerned: IIT Kanpur, the Consortium, the four parties concerned: IIT Kanpur, the Consortium,
USAID and the Government of India. USAID and the Government of India. Visit of Consortium Faculty to Kanpur, Visit of Indian Visit of Consortium Faculty to Kanpur, Visit of Indian
Faculty to the US for training & degrees, Supply of books Faculty to the US for training & degrees, Supply of books and Equipment;and Equipment;
The US participants served 200 man-years at KanpurThe US participants served 200 man-years at Kanpur As India plans many more IITs can KIAP be replicated?As India plans many more IITs can KIAP be replicated?
American Institute of Indian StudiesAmerican Institute of Indian Studies
(AIIS) (AIIS) Chicago (USA) / Gurgaon (India)Chicago (USA) / Gurgaon (India)
Set up in 1961 – Initiative of Set up in 1961 – Initiative of Consortium of American Consortium of American UniversitiesUniversities
Promotes ‘Indian Studies’ by Promotes ‘Indian Studies’ by American Scholars – 3500 American Scholars – 3500 scholars supportedscholars supported
Large number of Books and Large number of Books and Research Articles on India Research Articles on India
Two Research Centres in IndiaTwo Research Centres in India Now HQ in Gurgaon, (India)Now HQ in Gurgaon, (India)
Indo-US Science & Technology Forum Indo-US Science & Technology Forum (established in March 2000 as a not for profit society)(established in March 2000 as a not for profit society)
Foster scientific excellence through S&T Synergy Foster scientific excellence through S&T Synergy Disseminate information through exchangesDisseminate information through exchanges Build linkages between academia and industry Build linkages between academia and industry Explore new frontiers by nurturing contacts between young & Explore new frontiers by nurturing contacts between young &
mid career scientists & technologistsmid career scientists & technologists Pave way to sustainable interactions and build long term Pave way to sustainable interactions and build long term
relationships relationships Encourage public-private partnership to foster elements Encourage public-private partnership to foster elements
innovation & entrepreneurshipinnovation & entrepreneurship
American Studies Research Centre (ASRC) ( 1964 ) American Studies Research Centre (ASRC) ( 1964 ) ––Indo American Centre for International Studies (IACIS)Indo American Centre for International Studies (IACIS)
(2000) (2000) and nowand now
Osmania University Centre for International Programmes Osmania University Centre for International Programmes (2006)(2006)
ASRC funded by US Govt. for ASRC funded by US Govt. for American Studies to be carried American Studies to be carried by Indian scholars by Indian scholars
5 Acre campus on Osmania 5 Acre campus on Osmania University, Hyderabad,University, Hyderabad,
PL 480 funding stopped in 1998 PL 480 funding stopped in 1998 – ASRC converted to IACIS for – ASRC converted to IACIS for private fundingprivate funding
Osmania University takes over Osmania University takes over and OUCIP is set up with Indian and OUCIP is set up with Indian FundingFunding
Lessons Learnt & Future Challenges Lessons Learnt & Future Challenges in in
Indo-US Educational ExchangesIndo-US Educational Exchanges
Students exchanges are most crucial for Students exchanges are most crucial for education relations - Faculty Exchanges need to education relations - Faculty Exchanges need to be enlarged;be enlarged;
Indian Universities should attract more US Indian Universities should attract more US students;students;
Introduce Institutional Fulbright Programs also;Introduce Institutional Fulbright Programs also; Both Governments must catalyze and support Both Governments must catalyze and support
Educational Exchanges jointly with Industry;Educational Exchanges jointly with Industry;
Lessons Learnt & Future Challenges Lessons Learnt & Future Challenges in in
Indo-US Educational Exchanges …Indo-US Educational Exchanges …contd.contd.
Indo-US Joint Venture Educational institutions Indo-US Joint Venture Educational institutions must be set up through Private-Public must be set up through Private-Public Partnerships;Partnerships;
India and US can partner Global Educational India and US can partner Global Educational Services to third countries; Services to third countries;
Existing Indo-US institutions must be Existing Indo-US institutions must be strengthened;strengthened;
Institutional Programs succeed when there is Institutional Programs succeed when there is partnership.partnership.
“…“…II do not quarrel with the economists and do not quarrel with the economists and political scientists who look for immediate and political scientists who look for immediate and sometimes mundane rewards; I do urge that there sometimes mundane rewards; I do urge that there is much more.”is much more.”
………………..John Kenneth Galbraith, John Kenneth Galbraith, US Ambassador to India
1961-63
Breaking News (October 18, 2009)
“…Mr. Obama and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton have sent clear signals that education exchange is a crucial aspect of the U.S. international agenda.”
……………..Alina L. Romanowski, Deputy assistant secretary for academic programs, Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs,
BREAKING NEWSBREAKING NEWS Oct. 23 2009
New DelhiNew Delhi: Union : Union Human Resource Development (HRD) Minister, Mr. Kapil Sibal (HRD) Minister, Mr. Kapil Sibal will leave for the US tonight to meet US will leave for the US tonight to meet US Secretary of Education, Secretary of Education, Arne DuncanArne Duncan..
Kapil Sibal will hold ministerial level talks with the US Secretary of Education on greater collaboration in education between the two countries.
The Minister, besides being accompanied by Ministry officials, will also be accompanied by a FICCI delegation which includes academicians.
Thank YouThank You
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