INDIAN REGIONAL NAVIGATIONAL SATELLITE

SYSTEM By N.YELLENDER REDDY, 12H51A05F6, TEAM: CB6.GUIDE: V. VENKATAIAH

1. THE BEGINNING 2. WHY?3. SERVICES4. ARCHITECTURE5. SATELLITES6. IRNSS COVERAGE7. BENEFITS

• Approved by Government of India in May 2006.• The total cost of the project is expected to be ₹1420 crore

(US$209 million).• the full system comprises nine satellites.• 3 satellites in GEO orbit.• 4 satellites in GSO orbit.• 2 on the ground as stand-by.• Third country in the world to have it’s own navigational system.

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• Access to foreign government-controlled global navigation satellite systems (GPS) is not guaranteed in hostile situations.

• Indian military depending on American GPS during Wars.

• Special Positioning Service (SPS) An open service without encryption and Restricted Service.

• Precision Service (PS) An authorized with encryption are the basic services offered by IRNSS.

ARCHITECTURE

The IRNSS architecture mainly consists of:

• Space Segment

• Ground Segment

• User Segment

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ARCHITECTURE

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IRNSS SPACE SEGMENTBased on various considerations the minimum number of satellites required for IRNSSconstellation is worked out to be 7 (3 GEO and 4 GSO). The 3 GEOs will be located at 32.5ºE, 83º E and 131.5º E and the 4 GSOs have their longitude crossings 55º E and 111.75º E.

IRNSS GROUND SEGMENTGround Segment is responsible for the maintenance and operation of the IRNSSconstellation. The Ground segment comprises of:• ISRO Navigation Centre• IRNSS Spacecraft Control Facility• IRNSS Range and Integrity Monitoring Stations• IRNSS Network Timing Centre• IRNSS CDMA Ranging Stations• Laser Ranging Stations• Data Communication Network

USER SEGMENT

The User segment mainly consists of:• Single frequency IRNSS receiver capable of receiving SPS

signal at L5 or S band frequency.• A dual frequency IRNSS receiver capable of receiving both L5

and S band frequencies.• A receiver compatible to IRNSS and other GNSS signals.

SATELLITES

There are 9 satellites in total• 3 satellites in GEO orbit.• 4 satellites in GSO orbit.• 2 on the ground as stand-by.

IRNSS-1A IRNSS-1A was the first navigational satellite in the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System series of satellites to be placed in geosynchronous orbit. The satellite was launched on-board PSLV-C22 on 1 July 2013 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota. It will provide IRNSS services to the Indian public, which would be a system similar to Global Positioning System (GPS) but only for India and the region around it.IRNSS-1B IRNSS-1B is the second out of seven in the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System. It was very precisely and successfully placed in its orbit through PSLV-C24 rocket on 4 April 2014. The satellite will provide navigation, tracking and mapping services.

IRNSS-1C IRNSS-1C is the third out of seven in the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System series of satellites. The satellite was successfully launched using India's PSLV-C26 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota on 16 October 2014.The navigational system so developed will be a regional one targeted towards South Asia. The satellite will provide navigation, tracking and mapping services.IRNSS-1D IRNSS-1D is the fourth out of seven in the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System series of satellites system. It was successfully launched using India's PSLV-C27 on 28 March 2015. The satellite will provide navigation, tracking and mapping services.

IRNSS-1E IRNSS-1E is the fifth out of seven in the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System series of satellites system. It was successfully launched on January 20, 2016 using India's PSLV-C31. The satellite will provide navigation, tracking and mapping services

IRNSS-1F & IRNSS-1G IRNSS-1F will be the sixth and IRNSS-1G will be seventh of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System series of satellites. Their launches are planned for March and April 2016. Satellites slated to be launched to provide navigational services to the region.

IRNSS COVERAGE

1,500-2,000 kms around Indian land-massSAARC countries can use IRNSS navigation systemSAARC members countries included are1. India. 2. Afghanistan.3. Bangladesh. 4. Bhutan.5. Maldives. 6. Nepal.7. Pakistan. 8. Sri Lanka.

BENEFITS FROM IRNSS

1. NAVIGATION

• Boats and ships • Heavy Equipment• Cyclists• Air navigation • Automobiles• Hikers, climbers

BENEFITS FROM IRNSS

2. Surveying and Mapping

• Archaeology• Geophysics and geology• Surveying• Mapping and geographic information

systems

BENEFITS FROM IRNSS

3.OTHER USES

• Military Precision-guided munitions • Mobile Satellite Communications• GPS tracking• Weather Prediction• Skydiving • Social Networking