indian railways by arun shrivastava & rajesh agarwal

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GEO TEXTILE: PERSPECTIV E FROM THE RAILWAY SECTOR A K Shrivastava. Executive Director Railway Board Rajesh Agarwal Geo-technical Engineering Directorate RDSO Presentation on 19.11.2010 at New Delhi

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GEO TEXTILE:

PERSPECTIVE FROMTHE RAILWAY SECTOR

A K Shrivastava. Executive Director Railway Board 

Rajesh Agarwal Geo-technical Engineering Directorate RDSO 

Presentation on 19.11.2010 at New Delhi

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Introduction Geo textile / Geo synthetics a Polymer 

based product of Polypropylene,Polyester, PVC, Polyamide, Polyethylene Various types of Geo syntheticsGeo textilesGeo gridsGeo netsGeo cell

Geo membranesGeo compositesPrefabricated Vertical Drains (Band

Drains)

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Functions ofGeosynthetics Geo-synthetics improve mechanical

and hydraulic behaviour of formations Basic functions of geo-synthetics: Separation

Filtration Drainage Reinforcement

Barrier  Basal Layer 

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Railway Track is porous – Road

arying formation soil across country v/s

need of uniform track formation response.

umbersome and costly to transport

specified soil material at all places.

pecifications of formation, Ballast & Blanket

materials are different from highway

RAILWAY TRACK FORMATION

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  Steep Slope Construction ( Non Railway

Loading)

Embankment Slip repairs

Construction of high banks on soft soil

Erosion control of slope

Protection against rock falls

Application In Railway

(General)

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  Track Bed Design

Reinforced Earth Embankment

Formation Rehabilitation

Application In Railway

(Specific to railway loading)

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Application In RailwayNew Constructions

  • ‘Dedicated Freight Corridors

• ‘High Speed Corridors.’

Heavy axle loads / high speed railwaytrack require stable track formations.

• Geo-synthetics can help to avoid repeatedmaintenance and provide stable railway

formation• Need to be designed as per site

boundary condition

 

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 Application In Railway

Open-line / Revenue

line)• IR is upgrading infrastructure to meet

future demand of higher axle load traffic.

• About 700 km track is on weak formation• cause of ballast penetration, higher fuel

consumption, passenger discomfort,

extra maintenance cost to track androlling stock,

• Rehabilitation / strengthening of suchtrack can help to eliminate speed

restrictions

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Use of Use of 

SyntheticSyntheticGeogrids forGeogrids for

Erosion ControlErosion Control

of Naturalof Natural

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Construction of RE EmbankmentConstruction of RE Embankment

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Typical Cross Section of Embankmentypical Cross Section of Embankment

with Prefabricated Vertical Bandith Prefabricated Vertical Band

Drainsrains

SandBlanket

InitialEmbankmen

t

SoftClay

Layer

Banddrains

FirmSoil

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Band drains installed aboveand drains installed above

initial embankmentnitial embankment

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USES OF GEO-GRID

GEOSYNTHETICS APPLICATION IN RAILWAY FORMATION

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 GEOSYNTHETICS APPLICATION IN RAILWAY FORMATION

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PROJECT : JAMMU-UDHAMPUR RAIL LINK .

At km 54/043 near bridge no 162 in Udhampur 

yard, embankment constructed with 35 m height .

• Due to space constraint and close proximity of 

irrigation canal and Tawi river at the bottom of hill,

not possible to provide designed slope of 2.5H : 1V.

• RE slope was constructed with Uniaxial Geogrid of 

slope of 1.5 H : 1V.

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Railway Loading are different: Cyclic Vibrations Effects Traction (mainly Electrical) Seismic Effects when train is running Impact loading

Maintenance of track should not beinfringed by geo-synthetics

Rehabilitation methods after completion

life cycle of geo-synthetics

Why do the Industry should developcustomized geo synthetics for railway

track formation application?

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FORMATION REHABILITATION

Work is to be done on running traffic condition

ethods available for formation rehabilitation such as

ith aluminium alloy girder, Track dismantlingmethod, With manually operated portals, With c. c.crib & rail clusters (SE Railway Method), With rail

clusters (Eastern Railway Method), Lifting of trackwith deep screening, Fully mechanized methods.

Above methods are tedious in operation, alternative

method need to be explored.

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 HISTORY OF GEO-SYNTHETICS TRIED IN IR

• First time Geo-textiles were tried in Sothern Railway (Madras -

Gudur section, RDSO’s report no.C-261, July, 83) for prevention of Mud pumping under ballast.

•Geotextile were tried over 12 no. of different sites all over IndianRailways in 80’s and a compilation report ‘State of the Art – Use of 

Geotextile in Railways, Nov. 89 was prepared by RDSO givingrecommended specification of geo-textile for track formation.

• Trials of geo-jute along with blanket layer have been done inEastern Railway but not added strength to blanket layer. Geo-jute

can improve only drainage properties.

•Geo-grid was tried in Cuttack – Paradeep section for trackconstruction over soft soil and design of geo-grid reinforced

embankment, retaining wall and on bridge approach in Jammu-Udhampur section, N .Rly (RDSO Report no. GE-13 &14,

May.1997. 

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Geo-grid in IRGeo-grid in IR Biaxial geogrid has been used in South CentralBiaxial geogrid has been used in South Central

Railway, Northern Railway (Polypropylene –Railway, Northern Railway (Polypropylene –

strength 30 kN/m with aperture size of 61mm xstrength 30 kN/m with aperture size of 61mm x

61mm) for formation rehabilitation.61mm) for formation rehabilitation.

Field observations on SCR & NR indicateField observations on SCR & NR indicateimprovement in overall track performance after improvement in overall track performance after 

the application of geogrid.the application of geogrid.

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Geo-grid + Geotextile on IRGeo-grid + Geotextile on IR NF Railway has tried use of Geo-grid (Polyester basedNF Railway has tried use of Geo-grid (Polyester based

 – knitted & coated with strength of 40 kN/m & aperture – knitted & coated with strength of 40 kN/m & aperture

size of 25mmx25mm) in combination of geo-textile andsize of 25mmx25mm) in combination of geo-textile and

sand layer for formation rehabilitation. Thesand layer for formation rehabilitation. The

performance report of the trial section is satisfactory.performance report of the trial section is satisfactory. For low density routes, geotextile along with sandFor low density routes, geotextile along with sand

layer and brick soling has been used in Sitamarhi –layer and brick soling has been used in Sitamarhi –

Darbangha project, ECR.Darbangha project, ECR.

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CURRENT PROCETS WITH GEO-

SYNTHETICS

Issues involved

 Aperture size of Bi-axial geogrid

Junction strength

Material type

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WORLD RAILWAY PRACTICE ON USE OF GEO-SYNTHETICS Geo-synthetics being used on many world railways.

American Railways  Use of geo-synthetics is on experimental basis and

specific to the nature of problem. Specification of geo-synthetics is in draft stage.

Australian Railways  specify use of geotextile and Geogrid for 

reconditioning/ rehabilitation of existing track (Draftguideline).

UIC – European Railways UIC consist of different railways. Their loadingconditions are different for different railways and

based on the soil type. It is recommendatory in nature

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CURRENT PROCETS of GEO- SYNTHETICS

ailway Budget Speech (2010-11) lay

emphasis on use of Jute-geo-textile is to

enhanced for formation rehabilitation under track.(Rehabilitation)

roject with IIT/Kharagpur for improving tensile

strength of jute-geotextile with synthetic

polymers

roject with IIT/Delhi to study behavior of 

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Recent Documentation on Geo-Recent Documentation on Geo-

synthetics in IRsynthetics in IR

Draft ‘Guidelines for use of Geo-syntheticsDraft ‘Guidelines for use of Geo-syntheticson Indian Railways’ has been prepared byon Indian Railways’ has been prepared by

RDSO provisional specifications of variousRDSO provisional specifications of variousgeosynthetics items based on relevantgeosynthetics items based on relevantliterature surveyliterature survey

Extended field trials on geogrid are beingExtended field trials on geogrid are being

done on IR to validate & assess thedone on IR to validate & assess thespecifications of geogrid.specifications of geogrid.

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FOR INDUSTRY Geo-synthetics can find its use in railway application

for  track bed stabilization,

track drainage, erosion control, interface protection,construction over soft soil,

steep slope construction, mud pumping, etc.

There is need to develop cost effective easy to laygeo-synthetics for application in construction of new

formations & rehabilitation of existing formations for running of heavy axle loads and high speed trains.

IR look forward active participation of industry in thissector.

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THANKSTHANKS