indian oil corporation ltd.(marketing...

Pre Feasibility Report

1

INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LTD.(MARKETING DIVISION) INDANE BOTTLING PLANT , PATTIKALAN-RAMPUR

KASHIPUR-RUDRAPUR ROAD, TEHSIL SWAR, DISTRICT- RAMPUR, UTTAR PRADESH

PROJECT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED 1 X 900 MT CAPACITY MOUNDED LPG STORAGE VESSELS


2

THE PROJECT – 1 x 900 MT LPG MOUNDED STORAGE AT IOCL, LPG BOTTLING PLANT, PATTIKALAN, DISTT. RAMPUR, UP

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL

Oil marketing companies have projected an increase in demand of Liquefied Petroleum Gas

(LPG) in future due to increase in its domestic use. The demand is likely to increase

substantially over the years to come. Oil PSUs have planned enrollment of new customers to

saturate the demand potential as per directive of the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas,

Government of India.

In line with the requirement envisaged and to ensure fulfillment of demand, MOP&NG has

planned that different oil companies should increase storage for LPG. Accordingly Indian Oil

Corporation Limited proposes to expand storage capacity at different locations in India to

meet the demand.

1.2 PROJECT LOCATION

The proposed expansion project is located on existing 33 acre plot in LPG Bottling plant at

Pattikalan, Tehsil: Swar, District- Rampur, Uttar Pradesh- 262123


3

Figure: Plant Layout plan for 1 x 900 MT LPG mounded vessel, IOCL Pattikalan.


4

1.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

IOCL proposes to provide LPG Storage in the form of 1 x 900 MT Mounded Storage Vessels at

LPG Bottling Plant, Pattikalan, Tehsil Swar, District- Rampur, Uttar Pradesh which is

distributed through LPG Cylinders in various markets of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

2.1 LPG BULK STORAGE

The LPG storage bullet will be of mounded type and will have storage capacity of 900 MT.

There will be only one LPG liquid nozzle through which LPG shall be received and discharged

from each bullet.

The following safety provisions will be provided in the bullet :

1. Independent two numbers pressure safety valves (PSVs), each connected to a vent stack , 3M

high.

2. Remote Operated Valve (ROV) on the inlet LPG liquid and vapour line.

3. Two different types of Level Gauges

4. Cathodic Protection (CP) System

5. Earthing System

6. Gas Monitoring Sensors

2.2 FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES

Plant has Automatic Fire Fighting System installed and the same will be integrated for

Mounded Storage Vessels in line with OISD-144 & OISD-150. Apart from this a hydrant main

ring will be provided in the surrounding of proposed mounded Storage Vessels with Fire

Hydrant Points and Monitors at strategic locations as per OISD-144.

2.3 POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

The requirements of power supply will be met with the existing power supplied by

Uttarakhand Power Corporation Ltd. (UPCL) and DG Sets of capacities 500 KVA(2 nos.), 250

KVA(1 no.) & 100KVA(1 no.) have been provided to supply power during power failure.


5

The Basic Flow Diagram for activities in the existing LPG Bottling plant is as furnished

below:

RECEIPT OF LPG IN TANK TRUCKS

& UNLOADING IN LPG STORAGE

BULLETS AND HORTON SPHERE

AT PLANT

FILLING OF LPG FROM LPG

BULLETS & HORTON SPHERE INTO

EMPTY LPG CYLINDERS USING

LPG PUMP AND FILLING

CAROUSEL

LOADING OF LPG CYLINDERS

INTO TRUCKS AFTER POST-

FILLING CHECKS

DESPATCH OF LOADED CYLINDER

TRUCKS TO DISTRIBUTORS’

GODOWN


6

2.4 PROPERTIES OF LPG

LPG has been identified as 'hazardous chemical' as per Manufacture, Storage and Import of

Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989/1994.

LPG marketed in India is governed by IS 4576 and test methods by IS 1448. IS 4576 defines

LPG as a mixture of light hydrocarbons derived from petroleum which are gaseous at

ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure but may be condensed to the liquid state at

normal ambient temperature by the application of moderate pressure.

LPG to be handled at the facility under study will be Propane - Butane mixture, with small

quantities of unsaturated hydrocarbons. LPG is highly flammable, capable of producing fire

and explosion hazards under certain conditions.

LPG at atmospheric pressure and temperature is a gas which is 1.5 to 2.0 times heavier than

air. It is easily liquefied under moderate pressure, Since LPG vapour is heavier than air, it

normally settles down at ground level/low lying areas. This accumulation of LPG vapour gives

rise to potential fire and explosion.

LPG has an explosive limit range of 1.8% to 9.5% by volume of the gas in air. This is

considerably narrower than other common gaseous fuel. Combustion of LPG increases the

volume of products in addition to generation of heat. LPG requires about 24 to 30 times its

own volume of air for complete combustion and yields 3-4 times its own volume of CO2. The

heat of combustion is about 10,900 Kcal/kg.

LPG is colourless both in liquid and vapour phase. During leakage, vapourisation of LPG cools

the atmosphere and condenses the water vapour contained in it forming a white fog. This

makes possible to see an escape of LPG.

LPG has a low viscosity (around 0.3 C.S. at 45°C) and can leak when other petroleum products

can not. This property demands a high degree of integrity in the pressurised systems handling

LPG to avoid leakage.


7

LPG has a very faint smell and as such for detecting leakage of LPG, ethyl mercaptan is

generally added in the ratio approx. 1 kg of mercaptan per 100 cubic ft. of liquid LPG (20

ppm).

LPG is slightly toxic. Although it is not poisonous in vapour phase, it suffocates when present

in large concentrations due to displacement of oxygen. Immediately Dangerous to Life &

Health (IDLH) value of LPG is generally taken as 19000 ppm.

Highly inflammable pyrophoric iron sulphide is formed due to reaction of loose iron/iron

oxide with sulphur or its compounds. Formation of pyrophoric iron sulphide is prevented by

totally eliminating H2S, limiting the total volatile sulphur to 0.2% by mass and reducing loose

iron oxide by thoroughly cleaning the storage vessels internally during outage.

However, pyrophoric iron sulphide will not spontaneously ignite in a Mounded Vessel or a

cylinder due to high concentration of LPG which is much above the upper flammable limit.

When these vessels are aired (during opening to atmosphere or air entrapped condition) to

within or below the range, it will ignite spontaneously unless steam/water is used to cut the

sulphur iron reaction. Similar type of precaution is needed while opening the strainers of LPG

pumps or any other location where loose iron oxide is expected.

Some of the important physical and chemical properties bearing on risk assessment are

presented in Table 2.2. The pertinent information and data on LPG with Material Safety Data

Sheet is presented in Annexure 1.

2.5 HAZARDS OF LPG When LPG is released from a storage vessel or a pipeline, a fraction of LPG vapourises

immediately and the other portion forms a pool if the released liquid quantity is more. LPG

from the pool vapourises rapidly entrapping some liquid as droplets as well as considerable

amount-of air, forming a gas cloud. The gas cloud is relatively heavier than air and forms a

thin layer on the ground. The cloud flows into trenches and depressions and in this way

travels a considerable distance.

As the cloud formed in the area of spill moves-downwind under influence of wind, it gets

diluted. A small spark within the flammability limit can cause flash fire, explosion and if the

liquid pool still exists and remains in touch of cloud under fire it can ignite the whole mass of

liquid. However, in case of non existence of any source of fire there will be no occurrence of


8

hazardous event and the cloud may get diluted to such a level that the mixture is no longer

explosive.

TABLE 2.2

IMPORTANT PROPERTIES OF LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG)

Sr.

No.

Property Remark

1. Appearance and Odour Colourless and odourless gas when

pure. Normally marketed with

mercaptan odouring agent.

2. Composition Mixture of commercial propane,

butane and unsaturated

hydrocarbons.

3. Liquid Density 500 to 580 kg/m3 at 15 deg. C

depending on composition

4. Vapour Density 1.5 to 2.0 times heavier than air.

5. Boiling Point - 50 to -0.5 deg. C.

6. Flammability Limits in Air LFL - 1.9% V/V.

UFL - 9.5% V/V.

7. Permissible Exposure Limit- OSHA

Standard

1000 ppm (1800 mg/m3 )

Different types of combustion reactions associated in case of release of LPG from the

containment are listed in the following sections.

Escaping jet of LPG from pressure vessels / piping, if ignited, causes a Jet flame. The jet flame

direction and tilt depend on prevailing wind direction and velocity. Damage, in case of such

type of jet fires, is restricted within plant boundary. However, the ignited jet can impinge on

other vessels and equipment carrying LPG and can cause domino effect.

The liquid pool, if ignited, causes a 'Pool Fire'. In the pool fire, LPG burns with long smoky

flame throughout the pool diameter radiating intense heat which creates severe damage to

the adjoining buildings, structures, other vessels and equipment causing secondary fires. The

flame may tilt under influence of wind and may get propagated / blown several pool

diameters down wind. Damage, in case of such fires, is restricted within the plant area and


9

near the source of generation except causing a phenomena, called Boiling Liquid Expanding

Vapour Explosion (BLEVE), which is discussed and detailed below.

However, in case of plants having a good layout maintaining safe separation distances and

other precautionary measures, the damage is minimum.

Clouds of LPG vapour mixed with air (within flammability limit) may cause propagating flames

when ignited. In certain cases flame may take place within seconds. The thermal radiation

intensity is severe depending on the total mass of LPG in the cloud and may cause secondary

fires. When the flame travels very fast it explodes causing high overpressures or blast effects

causing heavy damage at considerable distance from the release point. Such explosions are

called unconfined vapour cloud explosions and are most common cause of such industrial

accidents.

BLEVE occurs when pressure inside a storage vessel increases above the design pressure due

to a fire in the adjacent area. Due to impingement of flame or due to radiant heat,

temperature in the vapour portion of the storage vessel increases rapidly compared to the

portion filled with liquid. Increase in temperature weakens the shell and the shell can burst

open spilling the whole mass. The released liquid splashes and atomizes immediately often

resulting in a fireball in contact with an ignition source. The fireball lasts only a few seconds.

The effect of BLEVE can extend beyond the plant boundary in case of catastrophic failure of

large pressurized storage vessels but occurrence of such phenomena is very rare.

The storage in IOCL's context will be 'Mounded' type and hence will be protected from direct

flame impingement caused by any eventual fire in the surroundings. Due to this there won't

be any initialization of sequence of events that lead to occurrence of BLEVE and subsequent

BLEVE will not occur.

3. SAFETY PHILOSOPHY

LPG is a common material used extensively in households as well as industry. If its

characteristics are understood well and proper precautions as stipulated in various codes and

standards are followed, it is an easy and safe material to handle. Accordingly, in most of the

developed / developing countries, where LPG is consumed in million tons / year, specific

codes and standards are available for storing and handling of LPG.


10

3.1 LPG INSTALLATIONS - CODES & STANDARDS

Codes and standards which are generally followed for LPG installations are as follows:

1. NPPA (National Fire Protection Association of USA) Standards

- NFPA-58 : Standard for the Storage and Handling of Liquified

Petroleum Gases

- NFPA-59 : LP-Gases at Utility Gas Plants

2. API (American Petroleum Institute) Standards

- API-2510: Design & Construction of LPG installations

3. IP (Institute of Petroleum) Standards .

- IP-9: Liquified Petroleum Gas - Large Bulk Storage of Pressurised

and Refrigerated LPG

4. The Static and Mobile Pressure Vessels (Unfired) Rules, 1981 of India

(SMPV Rules)

5. OISD (Oil Industry Safety Directorate) Guidelines

- OISD RP - 158 : Recommended Practices on Storage and Handling of Bulk Liquified

Petroleum Gas (LPG), 1997. (This is being followed by Public Sector Refineries and Oil

Industry in India. It is currently a guide and not a mandatory code or standard).

LPG storage tanks tike any other pressurised vessels may be designed as per any of the

following well known international or local codes / standards:

- ASME, Section VIII, Division I

- ASME, Section VIII, Division II

- BS 5500

- IS 2825

3.2 MOUNDED STORAGE FOR LPG

LPG is normally stored in above ground storage mainly spheres and cylindrical tanks, namely,

bullets & Horton spheres, the advantage being their accessibility for regular inspection and

maintenance which is important for such storage for hazardous service. But these storages


11

are susceptible to fire impingement and can give rise to Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour

Explosions (BLEVE).

The reason for selecting mounded or buried bullets for LPG storage is to protect them from

direct flame impingement caused by any eventual fire in the surroundings and thus prevent

initiation of the sequence of events leading to an occurrence of BLEVE.

The mounded storage concept basically originated from Europe and specialized codes exist in

Germany such as:

DIN 4681 Tl : Statutory Steel Pressure Vessels for Liquified Petroleum Gases for Earth Covered

Installations, Dimensions and Equipment.

During construction phase, a slight increase in the ambient noise levels is anticipated. This

impact will be temporary and limited to the construction phase. Hence no permanent impact

on this account is expected.

During the operational phase, no major social impact in the general area is expected.

There will be no change in the occupational structure of the workforce. As there will be no

emissions into air, no liquid effluents and no solid wastes no negative impact on the health of

the inhabitants in and around the project site is expected.

3.3 Water Resources

The total water requirement for MSV project will be met by bore wells within the premises.

Adequate water for proposed project is available.

3.4 Water Quality and Aquatic Ecology

The proposed LPG storage will not generate any process effluent. The only wastewaters from

the plant will be domestic effluent. The domestic wastewater will be treated through septic


12

tank followed by a soak pit. Water used for fire fighting drills will be used for gardening &

water harvesting etc.

Hence no permanent impact will be caused on the environment on this account.

3.5 Air Quality

Sufficient baseline data for air quality of the region and its surroundings is available. The dust

from earthworks, vehicular emissions and the usage of D.G. set in case of power failure are

the only sources of air pollution from the site.

Power supply will be met by Chhattisgarh State Electricity Board (CSEB). There is no

requirement of steam hence no boiler and no emissions due to utilities. Since the proposed

facilities plan to store LPG there are no process emissions as well.

Adequate heights of the stacks for atmospheric emissions help dispersing and diluting

pollutants to within the prescribed limits. In view of the above mentioned point there will be

no impact on the air quality. There will be no significant effects on air quality in the context

of human health.

Noise levels in and around the proposed plant site are measured. These values represent

baseline status of noise levels. During construction phase, a slight increase in noise is

anticipated. This impact will be temporary and limited to the construction phase. Hence no

permanent impact on this account is expected.

3.6 Human Resettlement

The closest village to the proposed site is Ghosipura. The major occupations of population is

agricultural labour activities.

Any major activity that may lead to resettlement of the village is considered as permanent

impact. The proposed facility does not envisage any displacement of population as the

project to be carried out within the existing plant premises. Hence there is no impact on this

account.

3.7 Forests/ National Parks/Sanctuaries

There are no reserve forests, sanctuaries within a radius of 25 kms of the proposed plant site.

No new acquisition of land is envisaged for plant.


13

Any major deforestation is considered as permanent impact Since no forest land is utilised, it

will not result in deforestation. Hence there will be no impact on this account due to the

project.

3.8 Infrastructure and Services

No additional Infrastructure required for the proposed Mounded Storage Vessels project as

the facilities are already available. The development shall only lead to positive impact on

infrastructure and services.

3.10 Environmental Hazards

The project proponents have designed all the safety aspects in planning, designing and

operation of the plant as per international practice. Such safety aspects are adequate to take

care of any hazard associated with the project.

3.11 Terrestrial Ecology

Any construction activity brings a significant change to the site top soil and some components

of the local terrestrial ecosystem. However, the adverse impacts are restricted to the project

construction site and to some extent its immediate vicinity. The selected site is plain and

leveled and will involve excavation and site preparation.

Rare or endangered species of flora and fauna do not exist in and around the proposed site.

Adequate green belt will be planted which will provide improved vegetation habitat.

4.1 MATRIX REPRESENTATION

Qualitative Potential Impacts and Mitigate Measures during Construction and Operation

stage are presented in Table 4.1.

TABLE 4.1

POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATIVE MEASURES

CONSTRUCTION STAGE

Environmental Components

Potential Impacts

Source of Impact

Mitigate Measures

Remarks

Surface Water - Construction of Site and Short term


14

Quality industrial units, seepage of soil particles

equipment selection

Air Quality Increased particulates and NOx

Construction equipment and vehicular traffic

Vehicular pollution check, water spraying

---do---

Socio - Economic

Increase in income of people

Growth and activity due to project

Beneficial

Terrestrial Ecology

Existing ecosystem on site & topsoil

Construction of project

Green belt on project site, limiting area development

----do----

Noise Increased noise level

Construction activities

Equipment maintenance

Minor impact

OPERATION STAGE

Environmental Components

Potential Impacts

Source of Impact

Mitigative Measures

Remarks

Water Quality Domestic wastewater

Domestic wastewaters treated in septic tank and soak pit. Septic tank will be cleaned regularly.

Air quality Stack emissions from standby D.G. sets

Adequate stack height , green belt.

Insignificant impact AAQ standards will be met.

Terrestrial Ecology

Minor loss of habitat, flora & fauna

Project activities

Green belt Marginal impact. Will eventually provide new habitat by green belt.

Noise Increased noise Project Noise Minor impact


15

level operation abatement Green belt.

Infrastructure & Services

Improved communication transport facilities

Project Development will be gradual

Beneficial impact

Environmental Hazards

Risk to environment and neighboring population

Handling and storage of L.P.G., diesel

Proper safety measures, housekeeping Disaster management plan

Insignificant Adverse impact

5. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.1 INTRODUCTION

The impacts of proposed LPG storage on environment have been discussed as above. The

environmental management plan is prepared to minimize the impact of proposed project on

the surrounding environment. The environmental management plan is prepared for

construction phase, post construction phase (commissioning) and post project phase.

5.2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE

The proposed storage is to be constructed on existing land acquired by IOCL from UPSIDC.

Environmental pollution during construction will be mainly due to site preparation,

movement of vehicles and heavy machinery and construction activities. Small amount of dust

is generated during these activities.

During construction phase maximum 100 workers will be working at site. Since the

construction jobs to be done in a running plant, no labour camps will be provided within the

plant premises but adequate sanitary facilities and drinking water shall be provided at site in


16

order to maintain hygienic conditions. All the construction workers shall be provided with

necessary personal safety equipment.

Well maintained diesel operated construction equipments shall be used to minimize the

exhaust and subsequent atmospheric pollutants.

Adequate supply of fuel shall be provided for the construction activities. Fuels, oxygen

cylinders, compressed gases, paint materials etc. shall be stored as per the accepted safety

standards.

The impact of noise during construction phase on nearby habitants will be marginal. The

construction workers will be provided with earmuffs. The site shall be secured by fencing.

5.3 POST CONSTRUCTION PHASE

The impacts of LPG storage during operational phase are evaluated in table 4.1. The

maximum anticipated impacts will be environmental hazards. Another considerable impact

will be felt on terrestrial ecology and land use. Environmental management plan is prepared

to minimize these impacts. The post construction environmental management plan will

include the following:

i. The LPG storage is devoid of any process wastewaters, vent stacks and solid wastes.

As such the project will not require any air pollution control systems, wastewater

treatment facility or solid waste disposal systems.

ii. Maintaining log books for water consumption, storages of hazardous substances.

iii. The major occupational health/safety hazards anticipated in the working environment

are due to LPG leakages:

LPG leakage can cause fire and explosion such as Uncontrolled Vapour Cloud

Explosion (UVCE).Pool Fire Jet Flame, etc. Road tankers failure and filled cylinder

failure can cause BLEVE along with UVCE.

Adequate safety measures such as fire protection are already available in the plant.

Extensive Risk Assessment Studies were conducted and the hazard distances were

identified. Disaster Management Plan is available for any such emergencies arising

due to LPG leakages.


17

iv. All the plant personnel have been provided with personal protective equipments

such as glasses, helmets, gloves, safety belts and shoes etc. Other personal

protective equipment provided as per OISD-144 for fire fighting purposes are Self

Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA), Respirators, fire entry suits and fire protective

suits. Sufficient number of first aid boxes are available. Medical arrangements are

also available in nearby hospital at a distance of 13 kms to admit affected people in

case of emergency. One vehicle is available for shifting injured persons. In addition,

arrangements will be made with local ambulance services for shifting affected during

emergency.

v. Out of the 33 acres of land acquired by IOCL , around 11 acres is available for green

belt development. The objectives of green belt are:

Noise abatement

Ecological restoration

Soil erosion prevention

Improvement in aesthetic environment

5.4 PROPOSED MONITORING PROGRAMME

i. IOCL will monitor periodically through an approved laboratory, the plant site for

ambient air parameters as well as for meteorological parameters.

ii. The proposed storage project will not generate any process effluents and the

domestic wastewaters are treated through septic tank followed by soak pits. The

septic tanks are cleaned periodically.

iii. Quality of storage and handling equipments, safety, fire fighting and fire protection

equipments and other machinery are maintained and inspected periodically to ensure

safe and effective usage. All the tank trucks are being checked and inspected

periodically for safety fittings, electrical wiring, mechanical condition etc. to ensure

safe transportation of LPG on the road outside the premises.

iv. Periodical assessment of the status of health of the employees, environment, drinking

water, canteen hygiene and other welfare facilities is being made. Cleanliness of

toilets, washing/bathing facilities and extermination of rodents, pests, flies etc is

ensured.


18

v. Safety awareness programmes and training programmes are regularly conducted for

employees, transporters, delivery boys, dealers and consumers etc.

vi. Mock fire drills are conducted periodically to ensure coordination during

emergencies.

SAFETY DATA SHEET _________________________________________________________________ 1. CHEMICAL IDENTITY Chemical Name : Liquefied Petroleum Gas Chemical Classification : Aromatic Mixture Synonyms : LPG, Propane, Butane, Propylene, Purotax, Bottled Gas _________________________________________________________________ Formula : C3H4-C3H6-C4H10 (Mixture) C.A.S. No. : 68476-85-7 U.N. No. : 1075 _________________________________________________________________ Regulated Identification Shipping Name : Liquified Petroleum Gas Codes/Label : Flammable Class 2. Hazardous Waste : ID No. 5 Hazchem Code : 2 W E _________________________________________________________________ HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Liquified petroleum Gas (CAS NO. 68476-85-7) 2. Propane (CAS NO. 74-98-6 3. Butane (CAS NO. 106-97-8) 4. Propylene (CAS NO. 115-07-1) _________________________________________________________________ 2. PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL DATA Boiling Pt./Range : > -40º Physical State : Gas Appearance : Colourless Odour : Mercaptan added for odour warning. Melting/Freezing Pt. : Not Pertinent Vapour Pressure @ 35º : Not Available


19

Vapour Density Air=1 : 1.5 Solubility in water at 30º : Floats Others : Soluble in Organic Sovents, Alcohol Specific Gravity (water = 1) : 0.51-0.58 pH : Not Pertinent _________________________________________________________________ 3. FIRE/EXPLOSION DATA Flammability : Yes LEL : 1.9% UEL : 9.5% Flash Point Deg C Open Cup : 104.4- Propane, 60- Butane _________________________________________________________________ Autoignition Temperature Deg C : 466 Propane, 405 Butane Explosion Sensitivity to impact : Explodes Explosion Sensitivity to static Electricity : Explodes Hazardous Combustion Products : Emits CO, CO2 Hazardous Polymerisation : Will not occur _________________________________________________________________ Combustible Liquid : Yes Flammable Material : Yes Pyrophoric Material : No Explosive Material : Yes Oxidiser : No Organic Peroxide : No Corrosive Material : No _________________________________________________________________ 4. REACTIVITY DATA Chemical Stability : Stable Incompatibility with other material : Strong Oxidisers _________________________________________________________________ 5. HEALTH HAZARD DATA Routes of entry : Inhalation, Skin Effects of Exposure/Symptoms : Concentration in air greater than 10% causes

dizziness in few minutes. 1% conc. Gives the same symptoms in 10 minutes. High concentration causes asphyxiation. Liquid on skin causes frostbite.

Emergency Treatment : If inhaled, remove the victim to fresh air area. Provide artificial resuscitation. Skin : Remove the


20

wetted clothes and wash the affected area with plenty of water. Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for 15 minutes. Seek medical aid.

_________________________________________________________________ LD50 (Oral-Rat) : Not listed Permissible Exposure Limit : Not listed TLV (ACGIH) : 1000 ppm (1800 mg/cu.m.) STEL : Not listed Odour threshold : 5000 to 20000 ppm _________________________________________________________________ NFPA Hazard : Health Flammability Reactivity Special 1 4 0 _________________________________________________________________ 6. PREVENTIVE MEASURES Personnel : Avoid contact with liquid or gas. Protective Equipment : Provide hand gloves, safety goggles, gas mask,

protective overclothing and shoes. _________________________________________________________________ Handling & Storage Precautions : Keep in tightly closed cylinders in a cool well

ventilated area, away from heat, flame and sparks.

_________________________________________________________________ 7. EMERGENCY/FIRST AID MEASURES FIRE Fire Extinguishing Media : CO2, Dry chemical powder, water spray Special Procedure : Keep the containers cool by spraying water, if

exposed to fire or heat. Unusual Hazards : Containers will explode in fire. _________________________________________________________________ EXPOSURE First Aid Measures : If inhaled, remove the victim to open air area and

artificial resuscitation may be provided, if required. If skin is affected with the liquid, remove the clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water. Seek immediate medical aid.

Antidotes/Dosages : Not available


21

_________________________________________________________________ SPILLS Steps to be taken : Shut off leaks if without risk. Warn everybody

that it is explosive. Waste Disposal Method : Allow to evaporate under control and protect the

area. _________________________________________________________________ 8. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION/REFERENCES Avoid contact with oxidizers. Olefinic impurities may lead to narcotic effect or it may act as a simple asphyxiant. A very dangerous hazard when exposed to heat or flame. If fire is big, keep surrounding areas cool by spraying water. Allow gas to burn under control.

indian oil corporation ltd.(marketing...

Documents