index satal y off riregion, g, nthnorth sl isulawesi,, id
TRANSCRIPT
OS13C‐1235INDEX SATAL 2010 EM302 M ltib S f th S ih T l d R i N th S l i I d i
OS13C‐1235INDEX‐SATAL 2010: EM302 Multibeam Survey of the Sangihe‐Talaud Region, North Sulawesi, Indonesiay g g , ,
NOAA Offi f O E l ti d R hNOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and ResearchpM L b k * M hk M lik* M t B tt h ** J l E J h **Meme Lobecker ; Mashkoor Malik ; Margaret Boettcher ; Joel E. Johnson; ; g ;
*NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research Okeanos Explorer Program; University of New Hampshire Center for Integrated Ocean and Coastal MappingNOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Okeanos Explorer Program; University of New Hampshire Center for Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping ** f h f h**University of New Hampshire, Department of Earth Sciences
GUAM
SAN FRANCISCO
MENDOCINO RIDGE
Backscatter Value (dB)
INDEX‐SATAL 2010ROV Dive Site
HAWAII Depth
ROV Dive Site
CTD LocationKawio Barat2010 OKEANOS EXPLORER EM302 MULTIBEAM DATA
Depth (m)
2009 OKEANOS EXPLORER
CTD Location
Land
Kawio BaratWESTERN HAWAIIN ISLANDS
800A2
2009 OKEANOS EXPLORER EM302 MULTIBEAM DATA
HAWAII
NECKER RIDGE
Land
-800
A
HAWAII
ABSTRACT
The NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer has just completed a successful 2010 field season including its first partnership‐building mission to Indonesia INDEX‐SATAL 2010
INDEX‐SATAL SUMMARYJULY 24 – AUGUST 7 2010
-1600A1
The NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer has just completed a successful 2010 field season, including its first partnership building mission to Indonesia, INDEX SATAL 2010 (Indonesia Exploration Sangihe‐Talaud region). The mission was part of President Obama’s initiative to build science and technology partnerships with Muslim‐majority nations The Okeanos Explorer is equipped with progressive technology including a Kongsberg EM302 (30 kHz) multibeam system with bottom backscatter and water
Km2 mapped by the Okeanos 36,986 -2400nations. The Okeanos Explorer is equipped with progressive technology, including a Kongsberg EM302 (30 kHz) multibeam system with bottom backscatter and watercolumn backscatter data collection capabilities. All data will be publically available at http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/bathymetry/multibeam.html. Available data formats will include Kongsberg raw * all ASCII XYZ (by line and also 50 m or 100 m grids) Fledermaus v6 SD objects geotiffs and associated metadata
Explorer and the Baruna Jaya IV -3200Figure 10. Kawio Barat backscatter data, shown draped over See Fig. 5
formats will include Kongsberg raw *.all, ASCII XYZ (by line and also 50 m or 100 m grids), Fledermaus v6 SD objects, geotiffs, and associated metadata.
Linear km mapped by the 6865
3200
4000
bathymetry.
The mapping in the Sangihe‐Talaud region of the Celebes Sea produced nearly 37,000 km2 of high resolution data, ranging in depth from 65 m to more than 7000 m. The mapped regions include the majority of the western side of the central Sangihe Arc and a narrow transect across the Arc in the south. A ~350 km long transect
Okeanos Explorer
h d
-4000pp g j y g g
across the northern end of the central Sangihe Arc was also mapped, north of the Talaud Islands, and extends eastward across the Sangihe Basin and Molucca Trench to the Philippine Trench. A recent synthesis of deep marine data by Pubellier et al. (2005) documents numerous active and inactive subduction zones of opposite
Depth Range Mapped 65m to >7000m -4800
A2
A1
pp y p y ( ) pppolarity in this narrow region. The high resolution bathymetry reveals new details of the seafloor morphology in this complex tectonic regime. At least five seamounts were mapped, including an unknown 1500 m high seamount and the volcano Kawio Barat, which rises approximately 3500 m from the seafloor and is the site of
Number of XBT Casts 57E2
E -5600
2
were mapped, including an unknown 1500 m high seamount and the volcano Kawio Barat, which rises approximately 3500 m from the seafloor and is the site of hydrothermal activity and dense and diverse deepwater biological communities. Several additional features were observed, including submarine channels, fans, debris aprons with blocks up to 1200 m in diam accretionary ridges and basins trenches and numerous flat topped features These well‐defined features are consistent
Number of CTD Casts 33E1
5600Figure 1. A southward looking view of submarine volcano Kawio Barat, which rises 3500 m above the surrounding
fl d i i t l 22 kS i di t K i B t i h d th ll ti ith d f hitaprons with blocks up to 1200 m in diam, accretionary ridges and basins, trenches, and numerous flat topped features. These well defined features are consistent with the complex interactions between arc development, mass wasting, and subduction. Number of ROV Dives 27 -6400seafloor and is approximately 22 kSm in diameter. Kawio Barat is hydrothermally active, with dense groups of white
smokers that are home to diverse chemosynthetic communities. See area marked A on larger map. Profile shown includes depth in m and horizontal distance in km
All bathymetric images shown are gridded at 50 m or 100 m cell size and have a vertical exaggeration of 3. All backscatter images shown are gridded at 40 m cell size
includes depth in m and horizontal distance in km.
See Fig. 4and have a vertical exaggeration of 5.
See Fig 1These data provide new opportunities for further exploration in the Sangihe‐Talaud region and work is already underway by regional experts in geology, geophysics, biology and biogeography to use the Okeanos Explorer’s data to investigate the geological processes and biological diversity in this region D2D
See Fig. 1
biology, and biogeography to use the Okeanos Explorer s data to investigate the geological processes and biological diversity in this region. 2D1
The Okeanos Explorer is equipped with a Kongsberg EM302 .5° x 1° (30 kHz) system, with water column backscatter capability. The EM302 is capable of producing up to 864 beam per ping while in dual swath mode / high density equidistant beam spacing. All data were cleaned in CARIS HIPS 6.1 and gridded at 50 m or 100 m cell
Sangihep p g / g y q p g g
size.
BA1
Basin1Pubellier, M., Rangin, C., Le Pichon, X., and DOTSEA working group, 2005. –DOTSEA: A synthesis of deep marine data in South East Asia. –Mem. Soc. Geol. France, n. ˚ 6 32 6 l B
B2Kawio Barat Seamount
s., n˚ 176, 32 p, 6 plates + CD. B1 A2
Contact information: Meme Lobecker, NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, [email protected]
www oceanexplorer noaa gov/okeanos
Pulau Karakelong Tala d
www.oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/okeanos
www.explore.noaa.gov/technology/okex
nds
g Talaud Troughsl
an
Trough
ud Is
D1
alau
Ta
Pulau SalebabuD2
E1E2
B2
Pulau KabaruangPulau Bukide
B1
Pulau BukideFigure 2. An oblique view of “Site K”, the location of several ROV dives and was found to host a diverse array of deep sea life. See area marked B on larger map. Profile shown includes depth in m and horizontal distance in km. Figure 8. Detail of a series of flat‐topped features
Pulau Sangiheg p p
D1
Figure 8. Detail of a series of flat topped features mapped by the Baruna Jaya IV.
E1 E2Figure 7. An oblique view f “Sit K’ ti
D2
2 of “Site K’ acoustic backscatter data, shown draped over bathymetry K i B t
Operating Area for the Figure 4. A relatively shallow , small flat‐topped feature with what appear to be Figure 5. The northern end of the Sangihe Trough, showing flat sedimentation between
b d k d l f l h l d d h
F1
F
draped over bathymetry. Red values show a stronger acoustic return.
Kawio BaratSite “K”
p g fINDEX‐SATAL 2010 ExpeditionFigure 4. A relatively shallow , small flat topped feature with what appear to be
stepped terraces. See area marked D on larger map. Profile shown includes depth in m and horizontal distance in km.
two submarine ridges. See area marked E on larger map. Profile shown includes depth in m and horizontal distance in km.
F2stronger acoustic return. Kawio Barat shown in the background returns
INDEX SATAL 2010 Expedition
Geophysical Landscape of the INDEX-SATAL 2010 Exploration Operating Area1
higher backscatter values than Site K. Philippines
See Fig. 6Backscatter Value (dB)Geophysical Landscape of the INDEX SATAL 2010 Exploration Operating Area pp
rc
Backscatter Value (dB)
LEGEND
I ti d diff ti t d f lt L t Pli d ti f lt
heABsul Bangai‐Sulu Block
Cel Celebes SeaCT Cotabato TrenchHT H l h T h
Inactive and undifferentiated faults:
Trench
Late Pliocene and active faults:
B1
ngihHT Halmahera Trench
NAS Northern Arm of SulawesiNT Negros TrenchST Sangihe Trench
Thrusts
Normal faults
B andsSee Fig. 2 SanST Sangihe Trench
SuT Sulu TrenchSwT Sulawesi Trench
Major strike‐slip faults
Minor strip‐slip faultsSite “K”
Pulau SiauC1
B2 Celebes Sea
ud Isla
eArc
S
Relative convergence between boundary
Magnetic anomalies 20
20mm/yr
Inferred faults
C2
Pulau Siau
Talau
angihe
See Fig 3
Area composed or bearing exotic blocks transferred from one plate to another
Blocks belonging to the host‐margin, and displaced during the Neogene docking event
Marginal Basin
Offshore
Sa
See Fig. 3Marginal Basin
Offshore Tectonics1
Pulau ThulandangBitung, North Sulawesi
C1
LithosphericCross
F1 Indonesia1
Papatua SeamountCross
Section1 F2
IndonesiaC2
Pulau BiaroF2
INDEX-SATAL
Data source: Sandwell and Smith
SATAL 2010 (position estimated)estimated)
LEGENDPaleogene
F1
FC2
C
Lithosphere
Oceanic Crust
Paleogene
Neogene – recent
Prism F2
bl f h h d b
C1Lower Crust
Upper Crust of l ff
Prism
Ophiolite
Volcanism
l f f b h l f d d b d b h
Figure 6. On oblique view of a 1000m+ high seamount mapped by the Okeanos Explorer, which was not previously observed in
Figure 3. On oblique view of a 1000m+ high seamount mapped by Baruna Jaya IV, which was not previously observed in satellite altimetry data See area marked C on larger map Profile shown
continental affinity
Crust with oceanic affinity
Volcanism
Age of the structures:Active
l Figure 9. Detail of a series of submarine channels, fans, and debris aprons mapped by the Okeanos Explorer and the Baruna Jaya IV.
y p , p ysatellite altimetry data. See area marked F on larger map. Profile shown includes depths in m and horizontal distance in
altimetry data. See area marked C on larger map. Profile shown includes depths in m and horizontal distance in km.
Upper Miocene – PlioceneLower – Middle MiocenePaleogene
km.