independent • international • interdisciplinary annual ... prio/annual reports/prio... ·...
TRANSCRIPT
Independent • International • Interdisciplinary ANNUAL REPORT 2012
Peace Research Institute O
slo (PRIO
)
PO Box 9229 G
rønland, NO
-0134 Oslo, N
orway
Visiting A
ddress: Hausm
anns gate 7
Editor: Agnete Schjønsby
Photo Editor: Julie Lunde Lillesæter
Design: m
edicineheads.com
ISBN: 978-82-7288-499-3
Rusting Soviet Tanks in U
kraine
Photo: Pavel Itkin
paul_itk.livejournal.com
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
2
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
3
published The Political Psychology of War Rape: Studies from Bosnia and Herzegovina (Routledge), a new reference work in this area. PRIO has also co-organized ‘The Missing Peace Symposium: Sexual Violence in Conflict and Post-Conflict Settings’ with SIPRI North America, the Human Rights Center at UC Berkeley, and the US Institute of Peace. Bringing together key researchers, policy-makers and practitioners, the event took place in Washington, DC in February 2013, originally planned for November 2012, but moved at the last minute due to hurricane Sandy.
Societal Security Through a clear focus on evolving conceptions of security, its challenges and responses in society, PRIO has built a central position in European research on societal security. This competence became tragically relevant in Norway with the terror attack that cost 77 lives in July 2011, and PRIO researchers engaged in the critically important debate that followed. PRIO contributes extensively within the European Union’s research on security. A five-year Network of Excellence grant to the project SOURCE – Virtual Centre of Excellence for Research Support and Coordination on Societal Security – places PRIO as the coordinator of a consortium with 13 research partners, consulting with a number of user institutions and industry. PRIO has also contributed to the formation of the EU’s security research policy through participation in Commission committees and working groups. It is therefore most fitting that J. Peter Burgess, the leading force in societal security research at PRIO, is co-awarded Sigval Bergesen d.y.´s Almennyttige Pris. The prize committee lauds the prize winners’ contributions to research on risk and security, and their efforts to shed light on the basic dilemmas and normative choices faced by liberal society in the encounter with today’s new security challenges.
We feel privileged to be engaged in research on peace, leading to more thoughtful policies and practices, and ultimately toward the 2050 prediction and beyond. On a personal note, I am glad that the Board has asked me to serve for a second term (2013–17); no organization can be more gratifying to lead, no job seem to me more meaningful. As readers, you are part of our global audience, and we expect you to continue to challenge and inspire us.
Another good year at PRIO, with a number of hallmark publications, new grants that will allow us to further push research frontiers, funding for the Research School in Peace and Conflict (with the Universities in Oslo and Trondheim), and the rolling out of our new organizational model.
The Peace Research Endowment, set up in the US with a seed grant from PRIO, is getting off the ground, and institutional collaborations around the globe are gaining new depth. After two decades with a decline of violence, the last two years represented a backlash; the situation in Syria being of particular concern. Yet, with peace processes underway in Colombia, Myanmar and the Philippines, we also see reason for cautious optimism.
Marking a Decade of the Study of Civil War In 2012, PRIO’s Centre for the Study of Civil War (CSCW) celebrated its ten year anniversary. This also marked the end of the Centre as its designated Centre of Excellence funding from the Research Council of Norway (RCN) has come to an end. Rooted in PRIO’s long standing study of conflict trends, the Centre’s point of departure was the observation that inter-state war had become virtually extinct. Centre researchers have been instrumental in pinpointing the downward trend in the number of conflicts, as well as the declining number of battle deaths. The Centre has driven methodological innovation, particularly through producing datasets and techniques for fine-grained studies, with geo-referenced blocks or subnational administrative divisions replacing the nation-state as the unit of analysis. In CSCW’s last year of operation, its researchers have published path-breaking work on the development consequences of civil war (unambiguously negative; particularly grave for children); the impact on conflict of inequalities between identity groups (grave,
Director’s Introduction
in contrast to interpersonal inequality); implications of climate change for conflict and security (mixed evidence for civil wars, more support for less severe forms of political violence); and predictions of future conflict trends (suggesting a continued downward trend, with conflict nearly non-existent by 2050). Overall, CSCW is a success story, having drawn top international scholars to PRIO, trained a new generation of researchers, and moved PRIO further to the forefront in our field. We close CSCW, cognizant that its networks, competence, and pursuit of excellence will continue to permeate PRIO.
Sexual Violence Gender dimensions of conflict have been a long standing theme on PRIO’s research agenda, in recent years with a particular focus on sexual violence, with funding from the National Science Foundation (US), the Folke Bernadotte Academy, and the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 2012, the RCN awarded a grant to the project titled ‘Sexual Violence and Armed Conflict’. For this ambitious project, researchers at PRIO have teamed up with colleagues at US universities to construct a global dataset, conduct several country case studies, and pursue cross-cutting thematic studies. Findings from an initial quantitative analysis of post-Cold War conflicts in Africa already display some unexpected trends: sexual violence is not ubiquitous in war, regular forces are more likely than non-state armed groups to be reported as perpetrating sexual violence, and there is no close correlation between the intensity of fighting and sexual violence. Inger Skjelsbæk
Photo: Julie Lunde Lillesæter, PRIO
PRIO Director: Kristian Berg Harpviken
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
4
Strategy
1 Develop focused research efforts in three distinct areas:
challenges to peace, the diversity of violence, and nonviolent
intervention
2 Enable every researcher to publish the equivalent of one
peer-reviewed journal article per year
3 Enhance PRIO’s visibility and impact within international
public debate
4 Strengthen PRIO’s contribution to the development of policy
5 Initiate the establishment of a research school in peace
and conflict studies in collaboration with one or
more universities
6 Establish at least one long-term partnership with a research
milieu in a conflict region
7 Strengthen the multicultural composition of PRIO’s staff
8 Attain a sustainable increase in the proportion of female
staff at senior levels
9 Provide a structured system for internal professional skills
training and career development
10 Take steps to ensure that at least one-third of PRIO’s
funding is for long-term research
11 Increase international funding to at least one-quarter
of annual turnover
12 Enhance PRIO’s financial robustness
Major Strategic Goals 2010–2013
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
5
Strategy
Comments byGro Holm (NRK), Håvard Hegre (PRIO)
20 September 2012 at PRIO, Oslo
The PRIO Annual Peace Address invites distin-guished guests to reflect on how to contribute to the creation of a world in which violence is the exception and peace is the norm. The lecturers will include scholars, policy makers, writers, artists and others with a distinct voice on peace and war matters on the world scene.
PRIO is an international research institute whose overarching purpose is to conduct research on the conditions for peaceful relations between states, groups and people. The institute is independent, international and interdisci-
plinary and explores issues of peace and conflict. PRIO’s research agenda reflects the institute’s overarching purpose, yet PRIO is both proac-tively involved in identifying new trends in global conflict and oriented toward formulating and documenting new understandings and responses. The PRIO Annual Peace Address is an import-tant part of our efforts to create awareness, stir public debate and increase understanding about the conditions for peace in the world. We hope that the PRIO Annual Peace Address can challenge the peace research community by suggesting new measures and bringing new perspectives on peace and war. The ques-tions asked and the answers sought can only be improved by critical challenges.
All photos: Kristian Hoelscher, PRIO
Azar Gat:‘Peace for Our Time?’
PRIO Annual Peace Address 2012
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
6
PRIO Organization
• Cities and Populations• Civilians in Conflict• Conflict Trends• Environment • Gender
• Governance• Humanitarianism• Law and Ethics• Media• Migration
• Non-State Conflict Actors• Peacebuilding• Regions and Powers• Religion • Security
Social Dynamics Dimensions of SecurityCentre for the Study
of Civil WarPRIO Cyprus Centre
Projects administered by a specific Department Cross-cutting thematic Research Groups
Research Groups
CommunicationAdministration
Lene K. Borg Agnete Schjønsby
Jørgen Carling Pinar Tank Scott Gates Harry Tzimitras
Kristian Berg HarpvikenDirector
Inger SkjelsbækDeputy Director
Institute Council
Director´s Office
Board
Bernt Aardal
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
7
Faiza Kassim Ibrahim
PRIO Organization Social Dynamics
Jørgen CarlingResearch Director
Kaja Borchgrevink Marta Bivand Erdal
Rojan Ezzati
Nobuo Hayashi
Jennifer WuDepartment Manager
Greg Reichberg
Cindy HorstMaría Hernández Carretero
Kristian Hoelscher
Mark Naftalin
Jason MiklianGina Lende
Staff in 2012
Research Director Jørgen Carling
Department Manager Jennifer Wu
Research Staff Kaja BorchgrevinkJørgen CarlingMarta Bivand ErdalRojan EzzatiNobuo HayashiMaría Hernández CarreteroKristian HoelscherCindy HorstGina LendeJason MiklianMark NaftalinErlend PaascheGreg ReichbergTove Heggli SagmoHenrik SyseJennifer Wu
Visiting Researchers Ceri Oeppen
Research Assistants Nicole Monique ApostolFaiza Kassim IbrahimElin Berstad MortensenDiana Oliveira
Administrative StaffJennifer Wu
Ceri Oeppen
Nicole Monique Apostol
Elin Berstad Mortensen
Diana Oliveira
Henrik Syse
Erlend Paasche
Tove Heggli Sagmo
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
8
Jonas Gräns
Pavel Baev
Dimensions of Security
Wenche Iren Hauge
Pinar TankResearch Director
Agnes Harriet Lindberg
Jenny Kathrine Lorentzen
Bertrand Lescher-NulandDepartment Manager
Elida Kristine JacobsenHelga Hernes
Kristoffer Lidén
Nina Kristin Jessica Boy
Vicky Ackx Anthony Amicelle
Nicholas Marsh
Inger Skjelsbæk Torunn Lise Tryggestad Ola TunanderKristin Bergtora Sandvik
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
9
Ida Dommersnes
Dimensions of Security
Anand Kumar
Staff in 2012
Research DirectorPinar Tank
Department ManagerBertrand Lescher- Nuland
Research StaffAnthony AmicellePavel BaevNina Kristin Jessica BoyJ. Peter BurgessIda DommersnesWenche Iren HaugeHelga HernesElida Kristine JacobsenMaria Gabrielsen JumbertMareile KaufmannÅshild KolåsKristoffer LidénNicholas MarshMarit Moe-PryceMarte NilsenSimon Reid-HenryKristin Bergtora SandvikInger SkjelsbækPinar TankTorunn Lise TryggestadOla TunanderStein TønnessonHilde Henriksen WaageHilde Wallacher
Research AssistantsAgnes Harriet LindbergJenny Kathrine Lorentzen Maral Mirshahi
InternsAnand KumarElizabeth Guerra BustaniPriyanka VijTessa de Waal
Administrative StaffVicky AckxAnne DuquenneJonas GränsBertrand Lescher- Nuland
Maria Gabrielsen Jumbert
Mareile Kaufmann
Marte Nilsen
J. Peter Burgess
Hilde Henriksen Waage
Hilde Wallacher
Anne DuquenneElizabeth Guerra Bustani
Åshild Kolås
Marit Moe-PryceMaral Mirshahi Simon Reid-Henry
Stein Tønnesson Tessa de WaalPriyanka Vij
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
10
Centre for the Study of Civil War
Helga Malmin Binningsbø
Jon Elster
Scott GatesCSCW Director
Andrew John FelthamChief Administrator
Ola NordmannOla Listhaug
Ingrid Marie Breidlid Marit Brochmann
David Cunningham
Bjørn Høyland Tapas Kundu
Tor Arve Benjaminsen
Joakim Karlsen
Patrick Regan
Marianne Dahl
Peter Gufu Oba Sabrina RametHåvard Nygård
Katherine Edelen
Sabine Otto
Idunn Kristiansen
Kaare StrømHåvard Strand Ole Magnus Theisen Andreas Forø Tollefsen
Henrik Urdal
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
11
Håvard Hegre
Halvard Buhaug Sabine Carey Jeffrey Checkel
Karl Ove Moene
Erica Chenoweth Primus Che Chi
Helge Holtermann
Ragnhild NordåsPäivi Paulina Lujala Martin Austvoll Nome
Nils Petter Gleditsch
Espen Geelmuyden Rød
Øystein Rolandsen Siri Camilla Aas Rustad
Kristian Skrede Gleditsch
Staff in 2012
CSCW DirectorScott Gates
Working Group LeadersHalvard BuhaugSabine CareyJeffrey CheckelJon ElsterHåvard HegreOla ListhaugKarl Ove MoeneKaare Strøm
Research StaffTor Arve BenjaminsenHelga Malmin BinningsbøIngrid Marie BreidlidMarit BrochmannErica ChenowethPrimus Che Chi
David CunninghamKathleen Gallagher KunninghamMarianne DahlKristian Skrede GleditschNils Petter GleditschHåvard HegreHelge HoltermannBjørn HøylandJoakim KarlsenCarl-Henrik KnutsenTapas KunduPäivi Paulina LujalaMartin Austvoll NomeRagnhild NordåsHåvard NygårdPeter Gufu ObaSabrina RametPatrick ReganØystein H. RolandsenSiri Camilla Aas RustadEspen Geelmuyden RødHåvard StrandOle Magnus TheisenAndreas Forø TollefsenHenrik UrdalNils WeidmannTore WigGudrun Østby
Visiting ResearchersKen ConcaKatherine EdelenAnita GohdesSabine Otto
Research AssistantsJonas NordkvelleGerdis Wischnath
Master StudentsIdunn KristiansenØyvind Stiansen
Administrative StaffAndrew J. Feltham
Kathleen Gallagher Cunningham
Jonas Nordkvelle
Anita Gohdes
Øyvind Stiansen
Nils Weidmann Tore Wig Gerdis Wischnath Gudrun Østby
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
12
• CyprusandHydrocarbonexplorationissue. Ayla Gürel, Fiona Mullen, Laura Le Cornu• PropertyIssueinCyprus. Ayla Gürel• InternationalLawandthePropertyQuestion inCyprus. Ayla Gürel, Rhodri Williams, Fiona Mullen• PoliticsofDemographyinCyprus. Mete Hatay• BritishPolicyandTurkishCypriotPoliticsof Division. Mete Hatay • CyprusCriticalHistoryArchive.Mete Hatay, Rebecca Bryant• ThePost-OttomanSpace:SoftPoliticsand HardChoices.Mete Hatay, Rebecca Bryant, Ayla Gürel, Pinar Tank, Pavel Baev• GreenLineHeritage. Olga Demetriou• Refugeehood. Olga Demetriou• GenderandPeacebuilding. Olga Demetriou• Greco-TurkishBorders. Olga Demetriou• ASocio-legalperspectiveonTruth&Recon- ciliationinCyprus:PolicyFrameworkand ToolsforMissingPersons'Relatives. Nicos Trimikliniotis• GoodGovernanceinEuropeandtheNeigh- bourhood (Annual Conference). Rebecca Bryant, Nicos Trimikliniotis• Women’sPeace:ApplyingUNSCR1325to CyprusandtheRegion(Conference). Olga Demetriou • DialogueforTrustBuildingandReconciliation: CypriotsSeekingNewApproachestothe PropertyIssue (launch of 7 reports). Rebecca Bryant, Olga Demetriou, Ayla Gürel, Mete Hatay, Nicos Trimikliniotis, Christalla Yakinthou
PRIO Cyprus Centre
Staff in 2012Greg Reichberg, Director (until August)
Harry Tzimitras, Director (from September)
Guido Bonino, Administrator
Research Staff Olga DemetriouAyla GürelMete Hatay Greg ReichbergNicos TrimikliniotisHarry Tzimitras
ConsultantsRebecca Bryant Laura Le CornuFiona Mullen
Projects in 2012
Guido BoninoHarry TzimitrasDirector from September
Greg Reichberg Director until August
Rebecca Bryant Olga Demetriou
Ayla Gürel Mete Hatay
Nicos Trimikliniotis
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
13
PRIO Cyprus Centre
Haleh EsfandiariBoard Member
Joe ReederChair
David BeasleyBoard Member
Abigail E. DisneyBoard Member
Greg ReichbergExecutive Committee
Karin ForsekeBoard Member
James D. Fearon Board Member
Inger SkjelsbækBoard Member
Ingeborg HaavardssonExcecutive Director
Gina Torry Director of Partnerships (Nov-)
Martha SnodgrassDirector of Development
Alex NovakDirector of Major Gifts
Steven PinkerBoard Member
James Davison HunterBoard Member
Cora WeissBoard Member
Cynthia P. SchneiderExecutive Committee
Peace Research Endowment in 2012
Elisabeth Jean WoodBoard Member
Jody WilliamsBoard Member
Anthony C. ZinniBoard Member
www.peace-research-endowment.org
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
14
Cities and PopulationsResearch Group Coordinator: Kristian Hoelscher
Projects in 2012:• YouthExclusionandPoliticalViolence. Henrik Urdal
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Breidlid, Ingrid Marie: Youth,Identitiesand
State–SocietyRelationsintheDynamicsofViolenceinSouthSudan. (Supervisor at PRIO: Øystein H. Rolandsen)
• Chi, Primus Che: MaternalandReproductiveHealthandArmedConflictsinSub-SaharanAfrica:ADisaggregatedStudyApproach. (Supervisor at PRIO: Henrik Urdal)
• Hoelscher, Kristian: Urbanization,PoliticalOrderandSocialViolence. (Supervisor at PRIO: Henrik Urdal)
Research Group Coordinator: Ragnhild Nordås
Projects in 2012:• CivilianDimensionsofPeaceandConflict–
(CIVICON). Helga Malmin Binningsbø, Scott Gates, Ragnhild Nordås, Gudrun Østby, Torunn Tryggestad
• EffectiveNon-Violence?ResistanceStrategiesandPoliticalOutcomes.Kristian Skrede Gleditsch (project leader), Erica Chenoweth, Scott Gates
• Gender-BasedViolenceinArmedConflict.Ragnhild Nordås
• NonviolentStrategies:Protest,Resistance,Intervention. Åshild Kolås (project leader), Elida Kristine Undrum Jacobsen
• ProtectionofCivilians:FromPrincipletoPractice. Kristin Bergtora Sandvik (project leader), Kristoffer Lidén, Pinar Tank, Cindy Horst, Øystein Rolandsen, Simon Reid-Henry
• SexualExploitationandAbusebyPeacekeepers(SEAP). Ragnhild Nordås
• SexualViolenceandArmedConflict:Analyzingthedata. Ragnhild Nordås (project leader), Inger Skjelsbæk
• TrainingandMobilityNetworkfortheEconomicAnalysisofConflict. Henrik Urdal (project leader), Primus Che Chi
Civilians in Confl ict
• YouthExclusionandPoliticalViolence. Henrik Urdal
Completed Doctoral Projects• Dyrstad, Karin: CivilWarandtheTransfor-
mationofValues.(Supervisor at PRIO: Halvard Buhaug)
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Chi, Primus Che: MaternalandReproductive
HealthandArmedConflictsinSub-SaharanAfrica:ADisaggregatedStudyApproach.(Supervisor at PRIO: Henrik Urdal)
• Dahl, Marianne: DesistingfromViolence: Theselectionofnon-violentvs.violentstrategies.
(Supervisors at PRIO: Scott Gates & Kristian Skrede Gleditsch)
• Marsh, Nicholas: The Acquisition of Weapons by Insurgents. (Supervisor at PRIO: Halvard Buhaug)
• Miklian, Jason: 'GreenMining',DisplacementandtheMaoistConflictinIndia.(Supervisor at PRIO: Åshild Kolås)
• Ormhaug, Christin Marsh: EffectsofCivilWaronMaternalandChildHealth. (Supervisor at PRIO: Henrik Urdal)
• Paasche, Erlend: PossibilitiesandRealitiesofReturnMigration:CaseStudyonIraqiKurds.(Supervisor at PRIO: Jørgen Carling)
• Rød, Espen Geelmuyden: MassMobilizationinAutocracies.(Supervisors at PRIO: Nils Weidmann & Håvard Hegre)
Research Group Coordinator: Håvard Strand
Projects in 2012:• AdvancedConflictDataCatalogue(ACDC).
Håvard Strand (project leader), Marianne Dahl, Jonas Nordkvelle, Andreas Forø Tollefsen
• ArmedConflictLocationandEventData(ACLED). Clionadh Raleigh
• ConflictPrediction. Håvard Hegre (project leader), Scott Gates, Elisabeth Gilmore, Joakim Karlsen, Jonas Nordkvelle, Håvard M. Nygård, Håvard Strand, Henrik Urdal
• MilitaryHistory. Scott Gates (project leader), Kaushik Roy• NorwegianInitiativeonSmallArmsTransfers
(NISAT). Nicholas Marsh (project leader), Hilde Wallacher
• YouthExclusionandPoliticalViolence. Henrik Urdal
Confl ictTrends
Research Group Coordinator: Halvard Buhaug
Projects in 2012:• ClimateChangeandWater-SecurityChallenges
ontheIndianSubcontinent.Halvard Buhaug (project leader), Nils Petter Gleditsch, Åshild Kolås, Jason Miklian, Rune Slettebak,
Gerdis Wischnath• ClimateChange,Hydro-ConflictsandHuman
Security(CLICO). Halvard Buhaug (project leader), Nils Petter Gleditsch, Eivind Berg Weibust, Gerdis Wischnath
• Ethnic/CulturalConflictsandPatternsofViolence(ECCO). Nils B. Weidmann
• ResourcesandPeace:Power-SharingandWealth-SharinginPost-ConflictSituations.
Siri Aas Rustad• SecurityImplicationsofClimateChange.
Halvard Buhaug (project leader), Gerdis Wischnath, Gudrun Østby, Gufu Oba, Henrik Urdal, Indra de Soysa, Nils Petter Gleditsch, Ole Magnus Theisen, Rune Slettebak, Tor Arve Benjaminsen
• WaterScarcityinBangladesh. Åshild Kolås (project leader), Halvard Buhaug, Jason Miklian, Katherine Edelen, Kristian Hoelscher
Completed Doctoral Projects• Brochmann, Marit: ConflictandCooperation
inInternationalRiverBasins. (Supervisor at PRIO: Nils Petter Gleditsch)
• Slettebak, Rune:ClimateChanges,NaturalDisastersandtheRiskofViolenceinIndia. (Supervisor at PRIO: Henrik Urdal)
• Theisen, Ole Magnus: RenewableResourceScarcity,NaturalDisasters,andthePossibilityofCollectiveViolence. (Supervisors at PRIO: Nils Petter Gleditsch, Halvard Buhaug)
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Miklian, Jason: 'GreenMining',Displacement
andtheMaoistConflictinIndia. (Supervisor at PRIO: Åshild Kolås)
Environment
Research Groups in 2012
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Ellingsen, Tanja: ProspectsfortheFuture:
TowardsCivilizationalClashes? (Supervisor at PRIO: Nils Petter Gleditsch)
• Tollefsen, Andreas Forø: DisaggregatingtheConflictTrap:ASpatialAnalyticalApproach. (Supervisor at PRIO: Håvard Strand)
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
15
Research Group Coordinator: Helga Hernes/Torunn Lise Tryggestad
Projects in 2012:• Abatangamuco-EngagingMenforWomen's Empowerment.Hilde Wallacher• Gender,ConflictandPeacebuilding.Torunn L. Tryggestad (project leader), Inger Skjelsbæk, Helga Hernes, Agnes Harriet Lindberg, Jenny Lorentzen• Gender-BasedViolenceinArmedConflict. Ragnhild Nordås• MakingWomenCountforPeace:Gender, EmpowermentandConflictinSouthAsia. Åshild Kolås• PrivateIslamicCharityandApproachesto PovertyReduction. Kristian Berg Harpviken (project leader), Kaja Borchgrevink, Marta Bivand Erdal• SexualExploitationandAbusebyPeace keepers(SEAP).Ragnhild Nordås• SexualViolenceandArmedConflict:Analyzing thedata. Ragnhild Nordås (project leader), Inger Skjelsbæk• TheSignificanceofPoliticalOrganization andInternationalLawforDisplacedWomen inColombia:ASocio-legalStudyofLigaDe Mujeres.Kristin Bergtora Sandvik (project leader), Julieta Lemaitre• TrainingandMobilityNetworkforthe EconomicAnalysisofConflict. Henrik Urdal (project leader), Primus Che Chi• WhyRape?Perpetrator,Punishmentand SocialNarratives. Inger Skjelsbæk• WomeninConflictTransformationin ColombiaandthePhilippines. Hilde Wallacher• Women'sPeace:ApplyingUNSCR1325to CyprusandtheRegion.Olga Demetriou
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Borchgrevink, Kaja: Religion,Genderand Development:PrivateIslamicCharityand ApproachestoPovertyReductionamong PakistaniMuslims. (Supervisor at PRIO: Kristian Berg Harpviken)• Chi, Primus Che: MaternalandReproductive HealthandArmedConflictsinSub-Saharan Africa:ADisaggregatedStudyApproach. (Supervisor at PRIO: Henrik Urdal)• Ormhaug, Christin Marsh: EffectsofCivil WaronMaternalandChildHealth. (Supervisor at PRIO: Henrik Urdal)
Gender
• Tryggestad, Torunn: TheUN,International NormDynamicsandPoliticalChange: theemergenceof‘Women,PeaceandSecurity’ asasupernorm.(Supervisor at PRIO: Helga Hernes)
Research Group Coordinator: Håvard Hegre
Projects in 2012:• AnalyzingGlobal,RegionalandNationalEnergy
GovernanceStructures.Jason Miklian (project leader), Lars Even Andersen, Åshild Kolås
• ConceptualizationandMeasurementofDemocracy. Håvard Hegre (project leader), Håvard Strand, Scott Gates, Carl-Henrik Knutsen, Bjørn Høyland, Gudrun Østby
• ConflictPrediction.Håvard Hegre (project leader), Scott Gates, Elisabeth Gilmore, Joakim Karlsen, Jonas Nordkvelle, Håvard M. Nygård, Håvard Strand, Henrik Urdal
• ReassessingtheRoleofDemocracy:PoliticalInstitutionsandArmedConflict(PIAC).Håvard Hegre (project leader), Hanne Fjelde, Bjørn Høyland, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Jonas Nordkvelle, Patrick M. Regan, Nils Weidmann, Tore Wig, Gudrun Østby
• Power-Sharing,DemocracyandCivilConflict. Scott Gates (project leader), Helga Malmin Binningsbø, Marianne Dahl, Håvard Strand, Kaare Strøm
• StrategicJusticeduringCivilConflict.Cyanne Loyle (project leader), Helga Malmin Binningsbø, Scott Gates
Completed Doctoral Projects• Dyrstad, Karin: CivilWarandthe
TransformationofValues. (Supervisor at PRIO: Halvard Buhaug)
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Nygård, Håvard Mokleiv: Repressionand
Co-optationUnderAuthoritarianRule(Supervisors at PRIO: Håvard Hegre & Håvard Strand)
• Rød, Espen Geelmuyden: MassMobilizationinAutocracies.(Supervisors at PRIO: Nils Weidmann & Håvard Hegre)
• Wig, Tore: CivilConflictandInstitutionalDesign:InvestigatingaTwo-WayRelationship. (Supervisor at PRIO: Håvard Hegre)
Governance
Research Group Coordinator: Maria Gabrielsen Jumbert
Projects in 2012:• ArmedViolenceinUrbanSettings:New
Challenges,NewHumanitarianisms. Simon Reid-Henry• ProtectionofCivilians:FromPrincipleto
Practice.Kristin Bergtora Sandvik (project leader), Kristoffer Lidén, Pinar Tank, Cindy Horst, Øystein Rolandsen, Simon Reid-Henry
• TheSignificanceofPoliticalOrganizationandInternationalLawforDisplacedWomeninColombia:ASocio-legalStudyofLigaDeMujeres. Kristin Bergtora Sandvik (project leader), Julieta Lemaitre
Humanitarianism
Research Group Coordinator: Henrik Syse
Projects in 2012:• RegulatingCyberwar:Understanding
ChallengestoNorwegianSecurityandInternationalLaw.Kristin Bergtora Sandvik
• StrategicJusticeduringCivilConflict. Cyanne Loyle (project leader), Helga Malmin Binningsbø, Scott Gates
• TheSignificanceofPoliticalOrganizationandInternationalLawforDisplacedWomeninColombia:ASocio-legalStudyofLigaDeMujeres. Kristin Bergtora Sandvik (project leader), Julieta Lemaitre
• ThreatsofArmedForceintheAfghanPeaceNegotiations. Henrik Syse (project leader), Kristian Berg Harpviken, Nobuo Hayashi, Greg Reichberg
Completed Doctoral Projects
• Hayashi, Nobuo: MilitaryNecessity.(Supervisor at PRIO: Greg Reichberg)
Law and Ethics
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
16
Research Group Coordinator: Rojan Ezzati
Projects in 2012:• GlobalPowerShiftsandNorwegianForeign
Policy.Marta Bivand Erdal (project leader), Rojan Ezzati
• Media,DemocracyandConflict:ExploringNew'CNNEffects'. Jason Miklian (project leader), Marta Bivand Erdal, Maria Gabrielsen Jumbert
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Dommersnes, Ida: ArgentumadCaptandum
vs.UnifiedEffort.(Supervisor at PRIO: Kristian Berg Harpviken)
Media
Research Group Coordinator: Cindy Horst
Projects in 2012:• Conflict,MobilityandCulturalChange? MobilitiesandConflictNetwork. Cindy Horst • DisplacedPersonsLivelihoodApproaches (Contribution to NRC Handbook). Cindy Horst• GlobalPowerShiftsandNorwegianForeign Policy.Marta Bivand Erdal (project leader), Rojan Ezzati• GoingHometoFight?ExplainingRefugee ReturnandViolence. Kristian Berg Harpviken (project leader), Mark Naftalin• ImaginingEuropefromtheOutside (EUMAGINE). Jørgen Carling (project leader), María Hernández Carretero, Jennifer Wu• PossibilitiesandRealitiesofReturn Migration(PREMIG). Jørgen Carling (project leader), Marta Bivand Erdal, Rojan Ezzati, Elin Berstad Mortensen, Erlend Paasche, Tove Heggli Sagmo, Jennifer Wu• RemittancesfromImmigrantsinNorway (RIN).Jørgen Carling (project leader), Marta Bivand Erdal, Rojan Ezzati, Cindy Horst• SomalisinEuropeanCities:Oslo. Cindy Horst (project leader), Faiza Kassim Ibrahim
• TheorizingRisk,MoneyandMoralitiesin Migration(TRiMM). Jørgen Carling (project leader), María Hernández Carretero• TheorizingtheEvolutionofEuropean MigrationSystems(THEMIS). Cindy Horst (project leader), Jørgen Carling, Rojan Ezzati, Diana Oliveira, Jennifer Wu• WorldDisastersReport(2012): FocusonForcedMigration. Cindy Horst
Completed Doctoral Projects• Erdal, Marta Bivand: TransnationalTiesand Belonging:RemittancesfromPakistani MigrantsinNorway. (Supervisor at PRIO: Jørgen Carling)
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Hernández Carretero, María: Negotiating UnequalLifeChancesthroughMigration: ExploringtheRoleofRisk,Moneyand MoralitiesinMigrants'QuestforSuccess. (Supervisor at PRIO: Jørgen Carling)• Paasche, Erlend: PossibilitiesandRealities ofReturnMigration:CaseStudyonIraqi Kurds. (Supervisor at PRIO: Jørgen Carling)• Sagmo, Tove Heggli: Possibilities and Realities of Return Migration: CaseStudy onBurundians.(Supervisor at PRIO: Jørgen Carling)
Migration
Research Group Coordinator: Siri Aas Rustad
Projects in 2012:• DynamicsofStateFailureandViolence.
Øystein H. Rolandsen (project leader), Ingrid Marie Breidlid
• EffectiveNon-Violence?ResistanceStrategiesandPoliticalOutcomes. Kristian Skrede Gleditsch (project leader), Erica Chenoweth, Scott Gates
• Gender-BasedViolenceinArmedConflict.Ragnhild Nordås
• InsideInsurgencies:Organization,MotivesandProspectsforPeace. Ragnhild Nordås
• YouthandRuralViolenceinSouthSudan(YuViSS). Øystein H Rolandsen (project leader), Ingrid Marie Beridlid
Non-state Confl ict Actors
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Breidlid, Ingrid Marie: Youth,Identitiesand
State-SocietyRelationsintheDynamicsofViolenceinSouthSudan.(Supervisor at PRIO: Øystein H. Rolandsen)
• Dahl, Marianne: DesistingfromViolence: Theselectionofnon-violentvs.violentstrategies.
(Supervisors at PRIO: Scott Gates & Kristian Skrede Gleditsch)
• Holtermann, Helge:EconomicDevelopmentandCivilWar.(Supervisor at PRIO: Håvard Hegre)
• Marsh, Nicholas: TheAcquisitionofWeaponsbyInsurgents.(Supervisor at PRIO: Halvard Buhaug)
Research Group Coordinator: Wenche Hauge
Projects in 2012:• AchievingDurablePeaceinAfghanistan.
Kristian Berg Harpviken (project leader), Hamish Nixon, Astri Suhrke, Arne Strand,
Andrew Wilder• Children’sPeaceWorld [Barnas Fredsverden].
Wenche Iren Hauge• ConflictPreventioninHaiti:Insightfrom
MarginalizedCommunities. Wenche Iren Hauge
• DynamicsofStateFailureandViolence.Øystein H. Rolandsen (project leader), Ingrid Marie Breidlid
• Gender,ConflictandPeacebuilding. Torunn L. Tryggestad (project leader)
• NorwegianExpertGrouponAfghanistan.Kristian Berg Harpviken
• Peacekeeping,Poverty,andDevelopment:TowardsanUnderstandingoftheGenderedPeacekeepingEconomiesintheDCR,Sudan,andLiberia. Øystein H. Rolandsen
• Power-Sharing,DemocracyandCivilConflict. Scott Gates (project leader), Helga Malmin Binningsbø, Marianne Dahl, Håvard Strand, Kaare Strøm
• PRIO-FLACSOseminar. Wenche Iren Hauge• What'stheDealwithReligion?Scrutinizing
Religion'sRoleinPeaceBuilding (Seminar Series). Gina Lende (project leader), Kaja Borchgrevink, Ragnhild Nordås, Gregory M. Reichberg, Øystein H. Rolandsen, Tale Steen-Johnsen, Henrik Syse
Peacebuilding
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
17
ReligionResearch Group Coordinator: Gina Lende
Projects in 2012:• GlobalPowerShiftsandNorwegianForeign
Policy. Marta Bivand Erdal (project leader), Rojan Ezzati
• InterreligiousdialogueinPakistan (project review). Kaja Borchgrevink
• PrivateIslamicCharityandApproachestoPovertyReduction. Kristian Berg Harpviken (project leader), Kaja Borchgrevink, Marta Bivand Erdal
• ReligionandCivilConflict. Ragnhild Nordås• What'stheDealwithReligion?Scrutinizing
Religion'sRoleinPeaceBuilding(Seminar Series). Gina Lende (project leader), Kaja Borchgrevink, Ragnhild Nordås, Gregory M. Reichberg, Øystein H. Rolandsen, Tale Steen-Johnsen, Henrik Syse
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Borchgrevink, Kaja: Religion,Genderand
Development:PrivateIslamicCharityandApproachestoPovertyReductionamongPakistaniMuslims. (Supervisor at PRIO: Kristian Berg Harpviken)
Research Group Coordinator: Pavel K. Baev
Projects in 2012:• AfghanistaninaNeighbourhoodPerspective. Kristian Berg Harpviken (project leader),
Shahrbanou Tadjbakhsh• AnalysesofVietnameseSecurity [Analyser av
Vietnams sikkerhet]. Stein Tønnesson • AnalyzingGlobal,RegionalandNational
EnergyGovernanceStructures. Jason Miklian (project leader), Lars Even Andersen,
Åshild Kolås• EmergingPowersinthe21stCentury:The
RegionalandGlobalSignificanceofBrazil,India,Indonesia,China,SouthAfricaandTurkey. Pinar Tank
• EastAsianPeaceProgram. Stein Tønnesson• FederalRussianPolitics:ModernizingNorthern
Industries(FEDRUP). Pavel Baev• Insurgencies,CounterinsurgenciesandState-
BuildinginAfghanistan. Scott Gates (project leader), Kaushik Roy, Pavel Baev
• MilitaryHistory. Scott Gates (project leader), Kaushik Roy
• Myanmar'sPoliticalOpening:It'sImpactonEthnicConflicts. Stein Tønnesson (project leader), Marte Nilsen
• RussianandCaspianEnergyDevelopments(RUSSCAP). Pavel Baev
• SecurityinSouthAsia:India'sEmergingRole. Åshild Kolås (project leader), Halvard Buhaug, Jason Miklian, Kristian Berg Harpviken
• Thailand'sMissingPeace. Stein Tønnesson• TheNewMiddleEast. Jacob Høigilt (project
leader), Pinar Tank, Dag Tuastad• ThePost-OttomanSpace:SoftPoliticsand
HardChoices. Mete Hatay (project leader), Pinar Tank, Pavel Baev, Ayla Gürel
• WaterScarcityinBangladesh. Åshild Kolås (project leader), Halvard Buhaug, Jason Miklian, Katherine Edelen, Kristian Hoelscher
• Youth,IdentitiesandState–SocietyRelationsintheDynamicsofViolenceinSouthSudan. Ingrid Marie Breidlid (project leader), Øystein H. Rolandsen
Completed Doctoral Projects• Nome, Martin Austvoll: KinStateIntervention
inCivilWar.(Supervisor at PRIO: Scott Gates)
Regions and Powers
Research Group Coordinator: Mareile Kaufmann
Projects in 2012:• CrisisManagement:Architecture,Technologies
andOperationalProcedures(CATOCBRN). J. Peter Burgess• Competingsecuritynarrativesonbordercontrol
intheMediterranean. Maria Gabrielsen Jumbert
Security
• CulturesofGovernanceandConflictResolutioninEuropeandIndia(CORE). J. Peter Burgess (project leader), Elida Kristine Jacobsen, Kristoffer Lidén, Jonas Gräns
• DecisionSupportonSecurityInvestment(DESSI). J. Peter Burgess, Mareile Kaufmann
• EuropeanTrendsandThreatsinSecurity(ETTIS). J. Peter Burgess (project leader), Maria Gabrielsen Jumbert, Anthony Amicelle, Kristoffer Lidén, Nina Boy
• EuropeanTrendsandThreatsinSecurity(TACTICS).J. Peter Burgess, Anthony Amicelle, Kristoffer Lidén
• IncreasingResilienceinSurveillanceSocieties(IRISS). J. Peter Burgess, Anthony Amicelle, Jonas Gräns, Marit Moe-Pryce
• MasteringtheValueFunctionofSecurityMeasures(ValueSec). J. Peter Burgess,
Mareile Kaufmann• ProtectionofEuropeanBordersandSeas
ThroughtheIntelligentUseofSurveillance(PERSEUS). J. Peter Burgess, Maria Gabrielsen Jumbert, Kristoffer Lidén
• PublicPerceptionofSecurityandPrivacy(PACT):Assessingknowledge,collectingevidence,translatingresearchintoaction.
J. Peter Burgess, Anthony Amicelle, Jonas Gräns
• TheCommercializationofSecurity. J. Peter Burgess (project leader), Mareile Kaufmann
• TheFutureofSecurityResearchintheSocialSciencesandHumanities.J. Peter Burgess
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Dommersnes, Ida: ArgentumadCaptandum
vs.UnifiedEffort. (Supervisor at PRIO: Kristian Berg Harpviken)
• Jacobsen, Elida K. Undrum: UniqueIdentities.BiometricSecurityandtheIndianNationalIdentificationScheme.(Supervisor at PRIO:
J. Peter Burgess)• Kaufmann, Mareile: RationalesandModalities
ofResilienceinInterconnectedSocieties. (Supervisor at PRIO: J. Peter Burgess)
• Lidén, Kristoffer: BetweenInterventionandSovereignty:LiberalPeacebuildingandthePhilosophyofGlobalPolitics. (Supervisor at PRIO: J. Peter Burgess)
• Boy, Nina K. J.: WhatKindofSecuritydoesFinancialSecuritisationProvide?(Supervisor at PRIO: J. Peter Burgess)
Ongoing Doctoral Projects• Jacobsen, Elida K. Undrum: UniqueIdentities.
BiometricSecurityandtheIndianNationalIdentificationScheme. (Supervisor at PRIO: J. Peter Burgess)
• Miklian, Jason: 'GreenMining',DisplacementandtheMaoistConflictinIndia. (Supervisor at PRIO: Åshild Kolås)
18
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
Journals
Issues and pages published in 20126 issues, 881 pages
Special issues in 201249(1): Climate Change and Conflict. Guest Editor: Nils Petter Gleditsch
Citation ranking in 2012JPR was ranked number 7 out of 81 in the category International Relations with an Impact Factor of 1.980.
Associate Editors in 2012Michael Brzoska, University of HamburgSabine Carey, University of MannheimHan Dorussen, University of EssexScott Gates, PRIONils Petter Gleditsch, PRIOMats Hammarström, Uppsala UniversityHåvard Hegre, PRIORagnhild Nordås, PRIOAnne Julie Semb, University of OsloStein Tønnesson, PRIO & Uppsala UniversityMagnus Öberg, Uppsala University
Viewpoint Editor in 2012Lene Bomann-Larsen, University of Oslo
Editorial Committee 2012Kristin M Bakke, University College LondonMargit Bussmann, University of GreifswaldKathleen Cunningham, University of MarylandTanja Ellingsen, NTNU, TrondheimTimo Kivimäki, University of CopenhagenDesirée Nilsson, Uppsala UniversityDavid Sobek, Louisiana State UniversityHåvard Strand, PRIONils Weidmann, University of Konstanz
Bertrand Lescher-NulandManaging Editor
Henrik UrdalEditor
Helge HoltermannManaging Editor
Gudrun ØstbyDeputy Editor
Kristian HoelscherBook Review Editor
Zeynep Taydas and Dursun Peksen, 'Can states buy peace? Social welfare spending and civil conflicts’ in JPR 49(2): 273-287
Nils Petter Gleditsch Article of the Year Award
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
19
Issues and pages published in 20126 issues, 586 pages
Special issues in 201243 (5): Governing (in)security in the postcolonial worldGuest Editors: Jana Hönke og Markus-Michael Müller
Citation ranking in 2012SecurityDialogue was ranked number 24 out of 81 in the category InternationalRelations with an Impact Factor of 1.032.
Associate Editors in 2012Claudia Aradau, King s College, London Pinar Bilgin, Bilkent UniversityMarieke deGoede, University of AmsterdamAnna Leander, Copenhagen Business SchoolMark B. Salter, University of Ottawa
Editorial Board 2012Claudia Aradau, University of London Didier Bigo, Sciences Po, Paris Pinar Bilgin, Bilkent University David Campbell, Durham University Simon Chesterman, National University of Singapore Carol Cohn, Fletcher School, Tufts University William E. Connolly, Johns Hopkins University Ronald Deibert, University of Toronto James Der Derian, University of Sydney
Michael Dillon, Lancaster University Stefan Elbe, University of Essex Cynthia Enloe, Clark College Hugh Gusterson, George Mason University Lene Hansen, University of Copenhagen Jef Huysmans, The Open University Vivienne Jabri, King s College,London Jennifer Klot, Social Science Research Council Anna Leander, Copenhagen Business School Rex Li, Liverpool John Moores University Andrew Neal, University of Edinburgh Taylor Owen, Columbia University Patricia Owens, University of Sussex Paul Rogers, University of Bradford Mark B. Salter, University of Ottawa Kristin B. Sandvik, Peace Reseach Institute Oslo Michael Shapiro, University of Hawaii Peter van Ham, Clingendael, The Hague Ole Wæver, University of Copenhagen Rob Walker, University of Victoria & Keele University Annick Wibben, University of San Francisco Michael C. Williams, University of Ottawa
Marit Moe-PryceManaging Editor
J. Peter Burgess Editor
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
20
Editorial Boards with PRIO Participation in 2012
BabylonJørgen Jensehaugen (Co-Editor)Jon Nordenson (Editorial Board)Hilde Henriksen Waage (Editorial Advisory Board)
British Journal of Political ScienceKristian Skrede Gleditsch (Co-Editor)
Civil WarsScott Gates (Editorial Board)
Comparative Social ResearchKristian Berg Harpviken (Associate Editor)
Cooperation and ConflictKristian Skrede Gleditsch (Editorial Committee)Torunn Tryggestad (Editorial Advisory Board)
European Journal of PhilosophyJon Elster (Editorial Board)
European Journal of International RelationsKristian Skrede Gleditsch (Editorial Committee)
European Journal of SociologyJon Elster (Advisory Committee)
European Political ScienceKaare Strøm (International Advisory Board)
Foreign Policy AnalysisNils Petter Gleditsch (Editorial Board)
Forum for Development StudiesTor Arve Benjaminsen (Editorial Committee)
French PoliticsKaare Strøm (Advisory Board)
Global AsiaStein Tønnesson (Editorial Board)
GlobalizationsStein Tønnesson (Editorial Board)
Government and OppositionJon Elster (Advisory Board)
Internasjonal PolitikkMartin Austvoll Nome (Editorial Committee)
International Feminist Journal of PoliticsInger Skjelsbæk (Associate Editor)
International InteractionsSabine Carey (Editorial Board)Kristian Skrede Gleditsch (Editorial Board)Nils Petter Gleditsch (Editorial Board)
International Migration ReviewJørgen Carling (Editorial Board)
International OrganizationLars Erik Cederman (Editorial Board)Jeffrey Checkel (Editorial Board)Kristian Skrede Gleditsch (Editorial Board)
International Political SociologyJ. Peter Burgess (Editorial Board)
International Studies PerspectivesNils Petter Gleditsch (Editorial Advisory Board)
International Studies QuarterlySabine Carey, Indra de Soysa, Kristian Skrede Gleditsch, Nils Petter Gleditsch
InquiryJon Elster (Editorial Board)
International Area Studies ReviewScott Gates (Editor in Chief)Håvard Nygård (Managerial Board)Pavel K. Baev (Editorial Board)Nils Petter Gleditsch (Editorial Board)Craig Jenkins (Editorial Board)Indra de Soysa (Editorial Board)Kaare Strøm (Editorial Board)
ISA Compendium Nils Petter Gleditsch (Editorial Advisory Board)
Journal of Ethics & Social PhilosophyJon Elster (Editorial Board)
Journal of Ethnic and Migration StudiesJørgen Carling (Editorial Advisory Board)
Journal of Human SecurityJ. Peter Burgess (Editorial Board)
Journal of Military EthicsHenrik Syse (Editor)Gregory Reichberg (Associate Editor)Nicole Monique Apostol (Managing Editor)
Journal of Peace ResearchHenrik Urdal (Editor)Bertrand Lescher-Nuland (Managing Editor)Helge Holtermann (Book Review Editor)Sabine Carey (Associate Editor)Scott Gates (Associate Editor)Nils Petter Gleditsch (Associate Editor)
Håvard Hegre (Associate Editor)Stein Tønnesson (Associate Editor)Gudrun Østby (Associate Editor)Ragnhild Nordås (Editorial Committee)Kathleen Cunningham (Editorial Committee)Håvard Strand (Editorial Committee)Jon Elster (International Advisory Board)
Journal of PhilosophyJon Elster (Editor)
Migration LettersJørgen Carling (Editorial Advisory Board)
Nordic Journal of Human RightsMorten Bergsmo (Editorial Committee)
Nordic Journal of Political EconomyHalvor Mehlum (Editor), Kalle Moene (Editor)
Norsk statsvitenskapelig tidsskriftOla Listhaug (Editorial Board)
Pacific FocusStein Tønnesson
Peace ReviewNils Petter Gleditsch (Board of Editorial Advisors)
Philosophy of the Social SciencesJon Elster (Editorial Board)
Political AnalysisKristian Skrede Gleditsch (Editorial Board)
Political GeographyHalvard Buhaug (Editorial Board)
Politics and GovernanceKristian Berg Harpviken
Scandinavian Political StudiesKaare Strøm (International Advisory Board)
Security DialogueJ. Peter Burgess (Editor)Marit Moe-Pryce (Managing Editor)Kristin Bergtora Sandvik (Editorial Board)
Security IndexPavel K. Baev (Advisory Board)
Social Justice ResearchJon Elster (Associate Editor)
Social Science InformationJon Elster (International Advisory Committee)
Strategic AnalysisJ. Peter Burgess (Editorial Advisory Committee)
Editorial Boards
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
21
PRIO Publications 2012
Doctoral Dissertations
Brochmann, Marit. BridgeoverTroubled
Water-Interactionin
InternationalRiver
Basins.Department of Political Science, University of Oslo. Supervisors: Nils Petter Gleditsch and Håvard Hegre, PRIO/CSCW (defended 11 June).
Erdal, Marta Bivand. Transnationaltiesand
belonging:Remittances
fromPakistanimigrants
inNorway.Depart-ment of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo. Supervisors: Jørgen Carling, PRIO; Kristian Stokke, UiO (defended 24 May).
Nome, Martin Aust-voll. Kin State Inter-
ventioninCivilWar. Department of Political Science, University of Oslo. Supervisors: Jeff Checkel, Simon Fraser University and CSCW; Scott Gates, PRIO/CSCW (defended 9 August).
Rustad, Siri Camilla Aas. Conflict,Peace,
andNaturalResources:
TheRoleofNatural-
resourceManagementin
BuildingLastingPeace. Institute for Political Science and Sociology, NTNU. Supervisors: Scott Gates, PRIO/CSCW/NTNU; Håvard Strand, PRIO/CSCW (defended 2 March).
Slettebak, Rune. ClimateChange,Natural
Disasters,andtheRiskof
ViolentConflict.Depart-ment of Sociology and Political Science, NTNU. Supervisor: Indra de Soysa, NTNU/CSCW; and Henrik Urdal, PRIO/CSCW (defended 3 May).
Theisen, Ole Magnus. Renewable
ResourceScarcity,
NaturalDisasters,and
thePossibilityofCollec-
tiveViolence.Depart-ment of Sociology and Political Science, Norwegian Univer-sity of Science and Technology. Super-visors: Nils Petter Gleditsch & Halvard Buhaug, PRIO/CSCW/NTNU (defended 16 November).
Monographs
Chenoweth, Erica & Maria J. Stephan. WhyCivilResistance
Works:TheStrategicLogic
ofNonviolentConflict. New York: Columbia University Press.
Roy, Kaushik. HinduismandtheEthics
ofWarfareinSouth
Asia:FromAntiquityto
thePresent. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tunander, Ola. Libyenkrigetsgeopolitik:
Humanitärinterven-
tionellerkolonialkrig?
[Geopolitics of the Libya War: Humani-tarian Intervention or Colonial War?]. Lund: Celanders Förlag.
Edited Volumes
Aquil, Raziuddin & Kaushik Roy, eds. Warfare,Religion
andSocietyinIndian
History.New Delhi: Manohar Publishers & Distributors.
Bryant, Rebecca & Yiannis Papadakis, eds.Cyprusandthe
PoliticsofMemory:
History,Community,
andConflict. London: I.B. Tauris.
Ingierd, Helene Christiansen & Hall-vard Fossheim, eds. Forskningogpenger
[Research and Money]. Oslo: Forskningsetiske Komiteer.
Lujala, Päivi & Siri Aas Rustad, eds. High-ValueNatural
ResourcesandPost-
ConflictPeacebuilding.
London: Earthscan.
Roy, Kaushik, ed. Handbooksforthe
IndianArmy,Rajputana
Classes,Jats,Gujarsand
Ahirs.Cuba, MO: Three Rivers Publishers.
Roy, Kaushik, ed. PartitionofIndia:Why
1947. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Journal Articles
Amicelle, Anthony & Gilles Favarel-Garrigues. ‘Financial Surveillance: Who Cares?’,Journalof
CulturalEconomy5 (1): 105–124.
Baev, Pavel K. ‘From European to Eurasian Energy Security’,
JournalofEurasian
Studies3 (2): 177–184.
Baev, Pavel K. ‘How Afghanistan Was Broken: The Disaster of the Soviet Interven-tion’, InternationalArea
StudiesReview 15 (3): 249–262.
Baev, Pavel K. ‘Russian Energy as a Challenge and a Bonus for European Security’, StudiaDiplomatica 64 (1): 91–100.
Baev, Pavel K. ‘Траектория военной реформы в России’ [Trajectory of the Mili-tary Reform in Russia], ProEtContra 16 (4): 171–184.
Bakke, Kristin; Kathleen Gallagher Cunningham & Lee Seymour. ‘A Plague of Initials: Fragmenta-tion, Cohesion, and Infighting in Civil Wars’, Perspectiveson
Politics10 (2): 265–283. Barth, Erling & Karl Moene. ‘Employment as a Price or a Prize of Equality: A Descrip-tive Analysis’, Nordic
JournalofWorkingLife
Studies 2 (2): 5–22.
Begby, Endre; Gregory M. Reich-berg & Henrik Syse. ‘The Ethics of War. Part II: Contemporary Authors and Issues’, PhilosophyCompass 7 (5): 328–347.
Benjaminsen, Tor Arve; Koffi Alinon, Halvard Buhaug & Jill Tove Buseth. ‘Does Climate Change Drive Land-use Conflicts in the Saheel’, JournalofPeace
Research 49 (1): 97–111.
Bergholt, Drago & Päivi Lujala. ‘Climate-related Natural Disasters, Economic Growth, and Armed Civil Conflict’, Journal
ofPeaceResearch 49 (1): 147–162.
Bernauer, Thomas & Nils Petter Gleditsch. ‘New Event Data in Conflict Research’, International
Interactions 38 (4): 375–381.
Bernauer, Thomas; Tobias Böhmelt, Halvard Buhaug, Nils Petter Gleditsch, Theresa Trib-aldos, Eivind Berg Weibust & Gerdis Wischnath. ‘Water-Related Intrastate Conflict and Coopera-tion (WARICC): A New Event Dataset’, Inter-
nationalInteractions38 (4): 529–545.
Binningsbø, Helga Malmin & Siri Aas Rustad. ‘Sharing the Wealth: A Pathway to Peace or a Trail to Nowhere?, Conflict
Managementand
PeaceScience 29 (5): 547–566.
Binningsbø, Helga Malmin; Cyanne Loyle, Scott Gates, & Jon Elster. ‘Armed Conflict and Post-
conflict Justice, 1946–2006: A Dataset’, Journalof
PeaceResearch 49 (5): 731–740.
Brochmann, Marit; Jan Ketil Rød & Nils Petter Gleditsch. ‘International Borders and Conflict Revisited’, ConflictManagement
andPeaceScience 29 (2): 170–194.
Burgess, J. Peter. ‘Modernité et obsoles-cence du concept de sécurité énergétique’ [Modernity and Obso-lescence of the Concept of Energy Security], CahiersDeLaSécurité 21 (29–38).
Burgess, J. Peter. ‘Value, Security and Temporality in Nietzsche's Critique of Modernity’, Socio-
logicalReview 60 (40): 696–714.
Butler, Christopher K. & Scott Gates. ‘African Range Wars: Climate, Conflict, and Property Rights’, JournalofPeace
Research 49 (1): 23–34.
Carling, Jørgen; Leah Schmalzbauer & Cecilia Menjívar. ‘Central Themes in the Study of Transnational Parenthood’, Journal of EthnicandMigration
Studies 38 (2): 191–217.
Carling, Jørgen; Marta Bivand Erdal & Cindy Horst. ‘How does Conflict in Migrants’ Country of Origin Affect Remittance-Sending?
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
22
PRIO Publications continued ...
Financial Priorities and Transnational Obliga-tions among Somalis and Pakistanis in Norway’, International
MigrationReview 46 (2): 283–309.
Chellaney, Brahma. ‘Asia's Worsening Water Crisis’, Survival
54 (2): 143–156.
Chenoweth, Erica & Laura Dugan. ‘Moving Beyond Deter-rence: The Effective-ness of Raising the Expected Utility of Abstaining from Terrorism in Israel’, AmericanSocio-
logicalReview 77 (4): 597–624.
Constantinou, Costas M.; Olga Demetriou & Mete Hatay. ‘Conflicts and Uses of Cultural Heritage in Cyprus’, JournalofBalkanand
NearEasternStudies14 (2): 177–198.
Cunningham, Kathleen Galla-gher. ‘Shirts Today, Skins Tomorrow: Dual Contests and the Effects of Fragmenta-tion in Self-Determina-tion Disputes’, Journal
ofConflictResolution56 (1): 67–93.
Dahl, Marianne & Bjørn Høyland. ‘Peace on Quicksand? Challenging the Conventional Wisdom about Economic Growth and Post-Conflict Risks’, Journal
ofPeaceResearch49 (3): 423–429.
Deiwiks, Christa; Lars-Erik Cederman & Kristian Skrede Gleditsch. ‘Inequality and Conflict in Federations’, Journalof
PeaceResearch 49 (2): 289–304.
Demetriou, Olga. The Militarization of Opulence’, Interna-
tionalFeministJournal
ofPolitics 14 (1): 1–22.
Erdal, Marta Bivand. ‘'A Place to Stay in Pakistan': Why Migrants Build Houses in their Country of Origin’, Population,
SpaceandPlace 18 (5): 629–641.
Erdal, Marta Bivand. ‘Who is the Money For? Remittances Within and Beyond the House-hold in Pakistan’, Asian
andPacificMigration
Journal 21 (4): 437-458.
Fangen, Katrine & Erlend Paasche. ‘Young Adults of Ethnic Minority Back-ground on the Norwe-gian Labour Market: The Interactional Co-construction of Exclusion by Employers and Customers’, Ethnicities (online first in 2012).
Fox, Sean & Kristian Hoelscher. ‘Political Order, Develop-ment and Social Violence’, Journalof
PeaceResearch 49 (3): 431–444.
Gates, Scott; Håvard Hegre, Håvard Mokleiv Nygård & Håvard Strand. ‘Develop-ment Consequences of Armed Conflict’, World
Development40 (9): 1713–1722.
Gleditsch, Kristian Skrede & Nils Weid-mann. ‘Richardson in the Information Age: Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Data in International Studies’, AnnualReviewof
PoliticalScience15 (1): 461–481 .
Gleditsch, Nils Petter. ‘En freds-gevinst for Norge - eller fortsatt opprustning?’ [A Peace Dividend for Norway - Or Continued Rearmament?], Samfunnsøkonomen26 (6): 26–31.
Gleditsch, Nils Petter. ‘Events Data in Conflict Research’, InternationalInterac-
tions 38 (4): 375–381.
Gleditsch, Nils Petter. ‘Introduction to the Special Issue on Events Data in Conflict’, International
Interactions38 (4): 375–381.
Gleditsch, Nils Petter. ‘Whither the Weather? Climate Change and Conflict’, JournalofPeace
Research49 (1): 3–9.
Hallberg, Johan Dittrich. ‘PRIO Conflict Site 1989–2008: A Geo-Referenced Dataset on Armed Conflict’, ConflictManagement
andPeaceScience 29 (2): 219–232.
Harpviken, Kristian Berg. ‘The Transna-tionalization of the Taliban’, International
AreaStudiesReview15 (3): 203–229.
Hendrix, Cullen & Kristian Skrede Gleditsch. ‘Civil War: Is it all About Disease and Xenophobia? A Comment on Letendre, Fincher & Thornhill’, BiologicalReviews87 (1): 163–167.
Hernández Carretero, María & Jørgen Carling. ‘Beyond "Kamikaze Migrants": Risk Taking in West African Boat Migration to Europe’, HumanOrganization71 (4): 407–416.
Hoelscher, Kristian; Jason Miklian & Krishna Chaitanya Vadlamannati. ‘Hearts and Mines: A District-level Analysis of the Maoist Conflict in India’,International
AreaStudiesReview 15 (2): 141–160.
Holtermann, Helge. ‘Explaining the Devel-opment–Civil War Relationship’, Conflict
ManagementandPeace
Science 29 (1): 56–78.
Høyland, Bjørn; Karl Ove Moene & Fredrik Willumsen. ‘The Tyranny of International Index Rankings’, Journalof
DevelopmentEconomics
97 (1): 1–31.
Jacobsen, Elida Kristine Undrum. ‘Unique Identification: Inclusion and Surveil-lance in the Indian Biometric Assemblage’, SecurityDialogue43 (5): 457–474.
Jensehaugen, Jørgen & Hilde Henriksen Waage. ‘Coercive Diplomacy: Israel, Transjordan and the UN — a Triangular Drama Revisited’, BritishJournalof
MiddleEasternStudies
39 (1): 79–100.
Jensehaugen, Jørgen; Marte Heian-Engdal & Hilde Henriksen Waage. ‘Securing the State: From Zionist Ideology to Israeli Statehood’, Diplomacy
&Statecraft 23 (2): 280–303.
Kvaløy, Berit; Henning Finseraas & Ola Listhaug. ‘The Publics’ Concern for Global Warming: A Cross-national Study of 47 Countries’,Journal
ofPeaceResearch 49 (1): 11–22.
Miklian, Jason & Scott Roecker. ‘Fire in the Sky’, Foreign
Policy, 23 April.
Miklian, Jason. ‘The Political Ecology of War in Maoist India’, Poli-
tics,Religion&Ideology 13 (4): 561–576.
Mjøset, Lars; Nils Butenschøn & Kris-tian Berg Harpviken. ‘USA og det utvidede Midtøsten - et hovedspenningsfelt i verdenspolitikken’ [The USA and the Expanded Middle East - A Main Tension in World Politics],Vardøger 33 (1): 120–182.
Paasche, Erlend & Katrine Fangen. ‘Transnational Involvement: Reading Quantitative Studies in Light of Qualitative Data’, International
JournalofPopulation
Research2012 (article ID: 580819).
Pearlman, Wendy & Kathleen Galla-gher Cunningham. ‘Nonstate Actors, Frag-mentation, and Conflict Processes’, Journalof
ConflictResolution 56 (1): 3–15.
Ramet, Sabrina P. & Roman Kuhar. ‘Ownership and Political Influence in the Post-socialist Mediascape: the Case of Slovenia’, Südost-
europa60 (1): 2–30.
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
23
Reichberg, Gregory M.; Henrik Syse & Endre Begby. ‘The Ethics of War. Part I: Historical Trends’, PhilosophyCompass 7 (5): 316–327.
Rolandsen, Øystein H.; & Ingrid Marie Breidlid. ‘A Critical Analysis of Cultural Explanations for the Violence in Jonglei State, South Sudan’, ConflictTrends(1): 49–56.
Roy, Kaushik. ‘Afghanistan and the Future of War’, Inter-
nationalAreaStudies
Review15 (3): 301–320.
Roy, Kaushik. ‘Horses, Guns and Governments: A Comparative Study of the Military Transi-tion in the Manchu, Mughal, Ottoman and Safavid Empires, circa 1400 to circa 1750’, InternationalArea
StudiesReview15 (2): 99–121.
Rustad, Siri Aas & Helga Malmin Binningsbø. ‘A Price Worth Fighting For? Natural Resources and Conflict Recur-rence’, Journalof
PeaceResearch49 (4): 531–546.
Sandvik, Kristin Bergtora. ‘Negoti-ating the Humani-tarian Past: History, Memory, and Unstable Cityscapes in Kampala, Uganda’, Refugee
SurveyQuarterly 31 (1): 108–122.
Sandvik, Kristin Bergtora. ‘The Politics and Possibili-ties of Victim Making in International Law’, RevistaDaFaculdade
DeDireitoDoSulDe
Minas27 (2): 237–258.
Skjelsbæk, Inger. ‘Responsibility to Protect or Prevent? Victims and Perpetra-tors of Sexual Violence Crimes in Armed Conflicts’, Global
ResponsibilitytoProtect 4 (2): 154–171.
Slettebak, Rune. ‘Don’t Blame the Weather! Climate-related Natural Disasters and Civil Conflict’,Journalof
PeaceResearch 49 (1): 163–176.
Syse, Henrik. ‘Rett-ferdig krig, «polyfoni» og internasjonale operasjoner’, Pacem:
MilitærtTidsskrift
ForEtiskOgTeologisk
Refleksjon 15 (1): 21–28.
Tank, Pinar. ‘Tilbake til pragmatismen: Tyrkias Syria politikk’ [A Return to Pragma-tism: Turkey's Syria Policy], Internasjonal
Politikk70 (4): 513 – 519.
Theisen, Ole Magnus. ‘Climate Clashes? Weather Variability, Land Pres-sure, and Organized Violence in Kenya, 1989-2004’, Journalof
PeaceResearch 49 (1): 79–106.
Theisen, Ole Magnus; Helge Holt-ermann & Halvard Buhaug. ‘Climate Wars? Assessing the Claim that Drought Breeds Conflict’, Inter-
nationalSecurity 36 (3): 79–106.
Tollefsen, Andreas Forø; Håvard Strand & Halvard Buhaug. ‘PRIO-GRID: A Unified Spatial Data Structure’, Journalof
PeaceResearch 49 (2): 363–374.
Tunander, Ola. ‘Samtidshistoria, inter-nationella relationer och källproblematiken’ [Contemporary History, Internatinal Relations and the Problem with Sources], Internas-
jonalPolitikk70 (4): 474–498.
Tunander, Ola. ‘Subs and PSYOPs: The 1982 Swedish Submarine Intrusions’,Intelligence
andNationalSecurity, 2012: 1-30 ( iFirst).
Tønnesson, Stein. ‘Active Citation through Hyperlinks: The Retarded Replica-tion Revolution’, Inter-
nationalAreaStudies
Review15 (1): 83–90.
Tønnesson, Stein. ‘Historiske Anfek-telser’ [Historical Doubts], NorskAntrop-
ologiskTidsskrift 23 (1): 48–54.
Urdal, Henrik & Kristian Hoelscher. ‘Explaining Urban Social Disorder and Violence: An Empirical
Study of Event Data from Asian and Sub-Saharan African Cities’, International
Interactions 38 (4): 512–528.
Wucherpfenning, Julian; Nils Metter-nich, Kristian Skrede Gleditsch & Lars-Erik Cederman. ‘Ethnicity, the State, and the Duration of Civil Wars’, WorldPoli-
tics 64 (1): 79–115.
Åkesson, Lisa; Jørgen Carling & Heike Drotbohm. ‘Mobility, Moralities and Motherhood: Navi-gating the Contingen-cies of Cape Verdean Lives’, JournalofEthnic
andMigrationStudies
38 (2): 237–260.
Book Chapters
Amicelle, Anthony. ‘La résolution 1368: 12 sept 2001 Menaces à la paix et à la sécurité internationales résul-tant d'actes terroristes’ in Mélanie Albaret, ed., LesGrandesRésolutions
DuConseilDeSécurité
DesNationsUnies.
Paris: Editions Dalloz (283–291).
Amicelle, Anthony. ‘Trace my Money if you can: European Security Management of Finan-cial Flows’ in Karin Svedberg Helgesson, ed., Securitization,
AccountabilityandRisk
Management:Trans-
formingthePublicSecu-
rityDomain.London: Routledge (110–131).
Baev, Pavel K. ‘Defying that Sinking Feeling Perspectives on Russian Foreign Policy’ Stephen Blank, ed., PerspectivesonRussian
ForeignPolicy. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute (US Army War College) (1–24).
Baev, Pavel K. ‘Experimenting with 'Reset' in the Uncon-genial NATO-Russia Relations’ in Frances G. Burwell & Svante Cornell, eds, The
TransatlanticPartner-
shipandRelationsWith
Russia. Washington, DC: Atlantic Council (78–84).
Baev, Pavel K. ‘Refor-matting the EU-Russia Pseudo-Partnership Responding to a Resurgent Russia’ in Vinod K. Aggarwal & Kristi Govella, eds, RespondingtoaResur-
gentRussia: Russian
PolicyandResponses
fromtheEuropean
UnionandtheUnited
States. New York: Springer (85–100).
Breidlid, Ingrid Marie & Jon Harald Sande Lie. ‘A Cacophony of Ideas and Practices: UNMIS and the Protection of Civil-ians in Jonglei State in South Sudan’ in Benjamin de Carvalho & Ole Jacob Sending, eds, The Protection of Civilians In UN Peacekeeping:Concept,
Implementationand
Practice.Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesell-schaft (143–162).
Bryant, Rebecca & Yiannis Papa-dakis. ‘Introduction: Modalities of Time, History, and Memory in Ethnonational Conflicts’ in Rebecca Bryant & Yiannis Papa-dakis, eds, Cyprusand
thePoliticsofMemory:
History,Community,
andConflict. London: I.B. Tauris (1–26).
Bryant, Rebecca. ‘The Fractures of a Struggle: Remem-bering and Forgetting Erenköy’ in Rebecca Bryant & Yiannis Papa-dakis, eds, Cyprusand
thePoliticsofMemory:
History,Community,
andConflict. London: I.B. Tauris (168–194).
Buhaug, Halvard & Ole Magnus Theisen. ‘On Environmental Change and Armed Conflict’ in J. Schef-fran, M. Brozka, H.G. Brauch, P.M Link & J. Schilling, eds, Climate
Change,HumanSecu-
rityandViolentConflict:
ChallengesForSocietal
Stability.London: Springer (43–56).
Carling, Jørgen. ‘Collecting, Analysing and Presenting Migration Histories’ in Carlos Vargas-Silva, ed., Handbook
ofResearchMethods
inMigration. Chel-tenham: Edward Elgar Publishing (137–162).
de Soysa, Indra. ‘The Capitalist Civil Peace: Some Theory and Empirical Evidence’ in Päivi Lujala & Siri Aas Rustad, eds, High-Value
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
24
PRIO Publications continued ...
NaturalResourcesand
Post-ConflictPeace-
building.London: Earthscan (437–459).
Grzybowski, Janis; Nicholas Marsh & Matt Schroeder. ‘Piece by Piece Autho-rized Transfers of Parts and Accessories’ in Glenn MacDonald, ed., SmallArmsSurvey
2012:MovingTargets.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (240–281).
Harpviken, Kris-tian Berg. ‘Blodig Møteplass i et Splittet Nabolag Exit Afghani-stan’ in Torbjørn Lindstrøm Knutsen & Gjert Lage Dyndal, eds, ExitAfghanistan. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget (203–211).
Harpviken, Kristian Berg. ‘Warlordism: Three Biographies From Southeastern Afghanistan’ in Astri Suhrke & Mats Berdal, eds, ThePeace
InBetween:Post-War
ViolenceandPeace-
building. London: Routledge (173–191).
Hatay, Mete & Ali Dayioglu. ‘Cyprus’ in Jørgen S. Nielsen & Samim Akgönül, eds, YearbookofMuslims
inEurope,Volume 4. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers (143–160).
Hatay, Mete & Yiannis Papadakis. ‘A Critical Comparison of Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot Offi-cial Historiographies (1940s to the Present)’
in Rebecca Bryant & Yiannis Papadakis, eds, CyprusandthePolitics
ofMemory:History,
Community,and
Conflict.London: I.B. Tauris (27–50).
Horst, Cindy. ‘The Livelihoods Approach’ in Norwegian Refugee Council’s FoodSecurity
Handbook. Oslo: Norwegian Refugee Council.
Horst, Cindy. ‘Vulnerability and Protection: Reducing Risks and Promoting Security for Forced Migrants’, in Roger Zetter, ed., World
DisasterReport2012.
Geneva: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (46–79).
Jacobsen, Elida Kristine Undrum & Kristoffer Lidén. ‘Theoretical Challenges for Assessing Socio-Cultural Sensitivity in Governance and Conflict Resolution’ in Janel B. Galvanek, Hans J. Giessmann & Mir Mubashir, eds, NormsandPremises
ofPeaceGovernance.
Socio-Cultural
Commonalitiesand
DifferencesinEurope
andIndia. Berlin: Berghof Foundation (25–30).
Jumbert, Maria Gabrielsen. ‘Rapports du Secrétaire Général sur le Soudan’ [Reports of the Secretary-General on the Sudan] in Mélanie Albaret, ed., LesGrandesRésolutions
DuConseilDeSécurité
DesNationsUnies. Paris: Editions Dalloz (399–408).
Lujala, Päivi & Siri Aas Rustad. ‘High-value Natural Resources: A Blessing or a Curse for Peace?’ in Päivi Lujala & Siri Aas Rustad, eds, High-
ValueNaturalResources
andPost-Conflict
Peacebuilding.London: Earthscan. (3–18).
Mehlum, Halvor & Karl Moene. ‘Aggressive Elites and Vulnerable Entre-preneurs: Trust and Cooperation in the Shadow of Conflict’ in Stergios Skaperdas, ed., OxfordHandbookofthe
EconomicsofPeaceand
Conflict. Oxford: Oxford University Press (706–729 ).
Naftalin, Mark. ‘Darfur’ in David Coates, ed., TheOxford
CompaniontoAmerican
Politics.Oxford: Oxford University Press (249–254).
Naftalin, Mark. ‘Darfur’ in Joel Krieger, ed., TheOxford
CompaniontoCompara-
tivePolitics. Oxford: Oxford University Press (273–278).
Nilsen, Marte. ‘Military Temples and Saffron-Robed Soldiers: Legitimacy and the Securing of Buddhism in Southern Thailand’ in Vladimir Tikhonov & Torkel Brekke, eds, Buddhism
andViolence.Milita-
rismandBuddhismin
ModernAsia. London: Routledge (37–53).
Nordås, Ragnhild. ‘The Devil in the Demography? Religion, Identity, and War’ in Cote d'Ivoire’ in Monica Duffy Toft & Eric Kaufmann, eds, PoliticalDemog-
raphy:HowPopulation
ChangesAreReshaping InternationalSecurity
andNationalPolitics. Oxford: Oxford Univer-sity Press (252–267).
Ramet, Sabrina P. ‘Solving the Mystery of Ethnic History: An Introduction’ in Kristen Ringdal & Albert Simkus, eds, TheAftermathofWar:
ExperiencesandSocial
AttitudesintheWestern
Balkans. Farnham: Ashgate (13–26).
Ringdal, Kristen; Albert Simkus & Ola Listhaug. ‘Disag-gregating Public Opinion on the Ethnic Conflict in Macedonia’ in Kristen Ringdal & Albert Simkus, eds, TheAftermathofWar:
ExperiencesandSocial
AttitudesintheWestern
Balkans.Farnham: Ashgate (171–192).
Rolandsen, Øystein H. ‘From Colonial Back-water to an Indepen-dent State: Reflec-tions on the History of South Sudan’ in John Ashworth, ed., OneChurchfrom
EveryTribe,Tongue
andPeople. Nairobi: Paulines Publications Africa (16–27).
Ross, Michael; Päivi Lujala & Siri Aas Rustad. ‘Horizontal Inequality, Decentral-izing the Distribution of Natural Resource, and Peace’ in Päivi Lujala & Siri Aas Rustad, eds, High-Value
NaturalResourceand
Post-ConflictPeace-
building. London: Earthscan. (251–260).
Roy, Kaushik & Raziuddin Aquil. ‘Introduction’ in Kaushik Roy & Raziuddin Aquil, eds, Warfare,Religion
andSocietyInIndian
History.New Delhi: Manohar Publishers & Distributors (11–41 x).
Roy, Kaushik. ‘India’ in Ian F.W. Beckett, ed.,CitizenSoldiers
andtheBritishEmpire,
1837-1902. London: Pickering & Chatto (101–120).
Roy, Kaushik. ‘Insurgencies, Counter-Insurgencies and State Building in Asia: A Comparative Analysis’ in Swarupa Gupta, ed., NationhoodandIdentity
MovementsinAsia:
ColonialandPost-Colo-
nialTimes. New Delhi: Manohar Publishers & Distributors (99–117).
Roy, Kaushik. ‘Intro-duction’ in Kaushik Roy, ed., Handbooks
FortheIndianArmy,
RajputanaClasses,Jats,
GujarsandAhirs.Cuba, MO: Three Rivers Publishers (vii–xv).Roy, Kaushik. ‘Intro-duction’ in Kaushik Roy, ed., Partition
ofIndia:Why1947?. Oxford: Oxford Univer-sity Press (xv–xliii).
Roy, Kaushik. ‘Science and Secularization of War: Transition in Siege Warfare in South Asia from Medieval to Modern Times’ in Raziuddin Aquil, ed., Warfare,Religion
andSocietyInIndian
History.New Delhi: Manohar Publishers & Distributors (249–290).
Rustad, Siri Aas; Päivi Lujala & Philippe Le Billon. ‘Building or Spoiling Peace? Lessons from the Management of High-value Natural Resources’ in Päivi Lujala & Siri Aas Rustad, eds, High-Value
NaturalResourcesand
Post-ConflictPeace-
building.London: Earthscan. (571–621).
Sandovici, Maria Elena & Ola List-haug. ‘Expectations about the Present and Future of Bosnia-Herzegovina: Opti-mism or Pessimism?’ in Kristen Ringdal & Albert Simkus, eds, TheAftermathofWar:
ExperiencesandSocial
AttitudesIntheWestern
Balkans. Farnham: Ashgate (257–268).
Skjelsbæk, Inger. ‘Conceptualizing Sexual Violence Perpetrators in War’ in Morten Bergsmo, Alf Butenschøn Skre & Elisabeth J. Wood, eds, Understanding
andProvingInterna-
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
25
tionalSexCrimes. Beijing: Torkel Opsahl Academic Epublisher (495–509).
Syse, Henrik. ‘Why Responsible Invest-ment?’ in Kristian Alm, ed., Responsible
InvestmentinTimes
ofTurmoil. New York: Springer (211–219).
Theisen, Ole Magnus; Kristian Skrede Gleditsch & Halvard Buhaug. ‘Climate Change and Armed Conflict’ in Graham K. Brown & Arnim Langer, eds, ElgarHandbookofCivil
WarandFragileStates. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing (125–138).
Tunander, Ola. ‘Dual State: The Case of Sweden’ in Eric Wilson, ed., TheDual
State:Parapolitics,
CarlSchmittandthe
NationalSecurity
Complex. Farnham: Ashgate (171–192).
Urdal, Henrik. ‘Demography and Armed Conflict: Assessing the Role of Population’ in Graham K. Brown & Arnim Langer, eds, Elgar
CompaniontoCivil
WarandFragileStates. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar (139–152).
Waage, Hilde Henriksen. ‘Proac-tive Peace Diplomacy: Jan Egeland’ in Mona Fixdal, ed., WaysOut
ofWar:Peacemakers
intheMiddleEastand
Balkans. Basingstoke:
Palgrave Macmillan (91–118).
PRIO Series 2012
PRIO Reports
Bozkurt, Umut & Christalla Yakinthou. ‘Legacies of Violence and Overcoming Conflict in Cyprus: The Transitional Justice Landscape’,PRIO
CyprusCentreReport2. Nicosia: PRIO Cyprus Centre.
Faustmann, Hubert; Ayla Gürel & Gregory M. Reich-berg, eds. ‘Cyprus Offshore Hydrocar-bons: Regional Politics and Wealth Distribu-tion’, PRIOCyprus
CentreReport1. Nicosia: PRIO Cyprus Centre.
Gender Advisory Team. ‘Women's Peace in Cyprus: Recommen-dations of the Gender Advisory Team (GAT) on Implementing UNSCR 1325 Provi-sions on Women, Peace and Security’, PRIO
CyprusCentreReport3, Nicosia: PRIO Cyprus Centre.
PRIO Policy Briefs
Burgess, J. Peter. ‘The Societal Impact of Security Research’, PRIOPolicyBrief9.
Oslo: PRIO.
Cohen, Dara Kay & Ragnhild Nordås. ‘Sexual Violence by Militias in African Conflicts: Not a Ques-tion of ‘Delegation’ by States’, CSCWPolicy
Brief1. Oslo: CSCW.
Cohen, Dara Kay & Ragnhild Nordås. ‘Sexual Violence in African Conflicts, 1989–2009: What the Data Show’, CSCW
PolicyBrief2. Oslo: CSCW.
Kaufmann, Mareile. ‘Resilience: A Stock-Taking: Key Character-istics and Implications for Human and Soci-etal Security Policy’, PRIOPolicyBrief12. Oslo: PRIO.
Leander, Anna. ‘Commercial Politics of Peace: Military Markets Recasting European Engagements in Afghanistan’, PRIO
PolicyBrief8. Oslo: PRIO.
Leander, Anna. ‘Letting Others Lead: European Approaches to the Regulation of International Military Markets’, PRIOPolicy
Brief7. Oslo: PRIO.
Leander, Anna. ‘Silent and Irre-sponsible: European Approaches to Commercial Military Services’, PRIOPolicy
Brief6. Oslo: PRIO.
Naftalin, Mark & Kristian Berg Harpviken. ‘Rebels and Refugees: Syrians in Southern Turkey’, PRIOPolicyBrief10.
Oslo: PRIO.
Nilsen, Marte & Stein Tønnesson. ‘Can Myanmar’s 2008 Constitution Be Made to Satisfy Ethnic Aspi-rations?’, PRIOPolicy
Brief11. Oslo: PRIO.
Nordås, Ragnhild. ‘Sexual Violence on the Decline? Recent Debates and Evidence Suggest ‘Unlikely’’, PRIOPolicyBrief3.
Oslo: CSCW.
Peoples, Mareah. ‘Egypt, the Rafah Border and the Prospects for Gaza’, PRIOPolicyBrief
2. Oslo: PRIO.
Sandvik, Kristin Bergtora. ‘Cyberwar as an Issue of Interna-tional law’, PRIOPolicy
Brief4. Oslo: PRIO.
Sandvik, Kristin Bergtora. ‘Interna-tional Human Rights and Humanitarian Law in the Global Legal Order’, PRIOPolicy
Brief1.Oslo: PRIO.
Tuastad, Dag Henrik. ‘Democra-tizing the PLO’, PRIO
PolicyBrief3.Oslo: PRIO.
Wallacher, Hilde. ‘The Abatangamuco: Engaging Men for Women's Empower-ment in Burundi’, PRIOPolicyBrief5. Oslo: PRIO.
PRIO Papers
Doucet, Rachelle. ‘Local Models of Conflict Prevention and Conflict Management in the South-East and South-West of Haiti’, PRIOPaper. Oslo: PRIO.
Gilles, Alain. ‘The Social Bond, Conflict and Violence in Haiti’, PRIOPaper. Oslo: PRIO (also avail-able in French).
Mochmann, Ingvill C. & Ingeborg K. Haavardsson. ‘The Legacy of War Time Rape: Mapping Key Concepts and Issues’, PRIOPaper. Oslo: PRIO.
Peoples, Mareah. ‘Egypt at the Rafah Border and the Pros-pects for Gaza’, PRIO
Paper. Oslo: PRIO.
South, Ashley. ‘Prospects for Peace in Myanmar: Opportuni-ties and Threats’,PRIO
Paper.Oslo: PRIO.
Tadjbakhsh, Shahrbanou. ‘Central Asia and Afghanistan: Insulation on the Silk Road, Between Eurasia and the Heart of Asia’, PRIOPaper. Oslo: PRIO.
Tuastad, Dag Henrik. ‘Democratizing the PLO’, PRIOPaper. Oslo: PRIO.
Wallacher, Hilde. ‘Engaging Men: The Abatangamuco and Women's Empower-ment in Burundi’, PRIOPaper. Oslo: PRIO.
PRIO Gender Peace Security Update
Tryggestad, Torunn L. & Jenny Kathrine Lorentzen. ‘Claims about Global Decline in Sexual Violence Spark Debate’, PRIOGender
PeaceSecurityUpdate 4-2012: Oslo: PRIO.
Tryggestad, Torunn L. & Jenny Kathrine Lorentzen. ‘Engaging Men for Women's Empowerment’, PRIO
GenderPeaceSecurity
Update 2-2012: Oslo: PRIO.
Tryggestad, Torunn L. & Jenny Kathrine Lorentzen. ‘Gender, Empowerment and Conflict in South Asia’, PRIOGenderPeace
SecurityUpdate 3-2012: Oslo: PRIO.
Tryggestad, Torunn L.; Jenny Kathrine Lorentzen & Halvor Berg-grav. ‘The Political Psychology of War Rape’, PRIOGender
PeaceSecurityUpdate 1-2012: Oslo: PRIO.
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
26
Selected PRIO Events 2012
PRIO Annual Peace Address
20 September: Azar Gat on ‘Peace for Our Time?’ (Read more about this event at page 5).
Seminars and Conferences
12 January: DriftingApart?RecentdevelopmentsintheSudan–SouthSudanborderlands.Seminar with Alfred Lokuji.
7 February: HowtoStartaRevolution–GeneSharpinOslo!Film seminar in collaboration with the Human Rights Human Wrongs festival.
10 February: What’s Wrong With the Arms Trade and What To Do About It. Seminar with Andrew Feinstein.
5 March: Cyprus: A Common Country - ACommon Future for all Cypriots. Talk by Erato Kozakou-Marcoullis, the Foreign Minister of the Republic of Cyprus.
8 March: BuildingtheNewStateofSouthSudan:TheChallengeof theResourceCurseandthepro-PoorAgriculturalGrowth. Seminar with Dr. Luka Biong Deng.
25 April: Rising Powers: From regional leaders to global players? NOREF/PRIO seminar.
7 May: India’sGreatLeapForwardinHydropowerand the Specter of Maoism in the EasternHimalayas. South Asia seminar with Sanjib Baruah.
14 May:Thailand’sMissingPeace.
15 May: Bargaining with the Devil: When toNegotiate, When to Fight. Seminar with Robert Mnookin.
4 June: A Dam-Building Race in Asia: How toContain the Geopolitical Risks. Seminar with Brahma Chellaney.
11 June: Geopolitical Implications of ClimateChange.Seminar with Arvind Gupta.
29 June (Port-au-Prince): ConflictPreventionand Conflict Management in Haiti: Insightsfrom Marginalized Communities. Seminar in collaboration with CERDECS.
27 August: Moralizing HumanitarianIntervention.Seminar with Thomas Pogge
12 September: Syria and The Arab Spring:FromEmpowermenttoAffirmation. Seminar with Abdul Aziz Said.
26 September: Cyprus: Summer Paradise –Frozen Conflict. Film Seminar in collaboration with the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Oslo Dokumentarkino.
2 October: China's Quest for Oil, Fish andRightsintheSouthChinaSea. Roundtable with a delegation from the China National Institute for South China Sea Studies.
11 October: Recent Political Developments inSouthAsiaandtheStateofDemocracy. Seminar with Anand Kumar. South Asia Seminar Series.
15 October: Uniting for Peace in Colombia [Sammen for fred i Colombia / Juntos por la Paz en Colombia]. Seminar in collaboration with the Norwegian Colombia Forum and Norsk Nettverk for Latin-Amerikaforskning at the University of Oslo.
13 November: 24 Hour Media and War: 20years of ‘the CNN Effect’. Seminar with Piers Robinson, Eytan Gilboa and Tine U. Figenschou.
19-20 November (New Delhi): GovernanceandResourceUse:TheCase of theArctic. IDSA-PRIO Roundtable.
27 November: Syria and the Ethics ofHumanitarian Intervention. Seminar with Cecilie Hellestveit.
13-14 December: Myanmar'sPoliticalOpening: ItsImpactonEthnicConflicts. Workshop
Afghanistan and the Region
12-13 February: Counter-Insurgencies inAfghanistan.FromtheMughalstotheAmericans.
24 April: Challengesof theEducationSystemofAfghanistan. Seminar with Afghan Minister of Education, Dr. Farooq Wardak.
26 April: Pakistan -AHardCountry. Seminar with Anatol Lieven.
3 May: TheAfghanDiasporaintheUSA,UKandNorway.Seminar with Ceri Oeppen. Mobilities and Conflict seminar series.
29 November: Winning Hearts and Minds.Islamic charity, militancy and peacebuilding inPakistan.Seminar with Amir Rana.
Gender
9 February: Making Gender Matter inHumanitarianOperations. Seminar with Kristin Scharffscher.
21 March: Worlds Apart: Bosnian Lessons forGlobalSecurity. Seminar with Swanee Hunt.
11 April: ThePoliticalPsychologyofWarRape.Book Launch Seminar with Inger Skjelsbæk.
23 April: Mediating Ceasefires and PeaceAgreements:Howtoaddressconflict-relatedsexualviolence? Seminar with Gina Torry.
3-4 August (Shillong): MakingWomenCountforPeace. Workshop on Gender, Empowerment and Conflict in South Asia.
29 August: EngagingMenforWomen’sEmpower-ment.
19 October: International Criminal Courts:AreTheyServing theNeedsofVictimsandTheirFamilies?OrShouldtheybe? Seminar with Eric Stover and Alexa Koenig.
Migration
19 April: ReturneeWomen'sRoleinPeacebuildingin Sudan. Seminar with Kasia Grabska . Mobilities and Conflict seminar series.
3 May: TheAfghanDiasporaintheUSA,UKandNorway. Seminar with Ceri Oeppen. Mobilities and Conflict seminar series.
9 May: Collective Action and Mobilization inDar'a:AnanatomyoftheonsetofSyria'spopularuprising. Seminar with Reinoud Leenders. Mobilities and Conflict seminar series.
15 June: Creating National Unity throughGoverning Mobility in post-genocide Rwanda. Mobilities and Conflict seminar series.
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
27
4-5 September: Return migration andTransnationalism: Alternatives or Complements?Workshop in collaboration with the Red Cross.
25 September: Opportunities and Risk:Enacting socio-cultural transformation in refugeecamps in Uganda. Seminar with Tania Kaiser. Mobilities and Conflict seminar series.
16 November: Migrasjonognyeutenrikspolitiskerealiteter. [Migration and New Norwegian Foreign Policy Realities]. Part of the Refleks project of the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Religion
19 April: Talk the Talk or Walk the Walk?ReligiousLeadersinPeacebuilding.Seminar with Susan Hayward.
30 May: Plunder Hell to Populate Heaven:Pentecostalism, Religious Capital and SocialResponsibility in Nigeria. Seminar with Afe Adogame.
10 October: IslamicCharityandDevelopment:CanthetwoConverge?Seminar with Dr. Masooda Bano.
8 November: What is so Religious aboutReligious Terrorism? Seminar with Jeroen Gunning.
8 November: The Problem of Religious Wars.How religion matters for contemporary conflicts. Seminar with Monica Duffy Toft, Isak Svensson and Ragnhild Nordås.
26 November: TheAmbiguousRoleofReligion.ChurchesandSpiritsatWarandPeaceinNorthernUganda. Seminar with Tim Allen.
29 November: Winning Hearts and Minds.Islamic charity, militancy and peacebuilding inPakistan. Seminar with Amir Rana.
5 December: Sacred Texts and Ethics. Howare the Rules of War Influenced by ReligiousTexts? Seminar with Mahinda Deegalle, Greg Reichberg and Henrik Syse.
5 December: Militant martyrdom - for God,fortheStateorforHumanRights?Seminar with Rebecca Bryant and Kaushik Roy.
PRIO Cyprus Centre
21 June:Displacement inCyprus:Consequencesof Civil and Military Strife. Launch of seven reports.
26-27 October: Good Governance in Europeand the Neighbourhood. PRIO Cyprus Centre 2012 Annual Conference .
6 December: Women’sPeace:ApplyingUNSCR1325toCyprusandtheRegion.
Centre for the Study of Civil War
25 January: Al Shabaab and Kenya's Somaliinvasion:security,developmentandhumanitarianintervention in eastern Africa. Seminar with David M. Anderson.
26 January: Horn of Africa: A BadNeighbourhood? Seminar with William Reno, David M. Anderson and Liv Tørres.
27 January: Warfare in Independent Africa.Seminar with William Reno.
7 February: HowtoStartaRevolution–GeneSharpinOslo! Film seminar in collaboration with the Human Rights Human Wrongs festival.
12-13 February: Counter-InsurgenciesinAfghani-stan. From the Mughals to the Americans.
14 March: TheBetterAngels of ourNature:WhyViolencehasDeclined. Seminar with Steven Pinker, in collaboration with the University of Oslo.
13 June: The Bicameral and Ideological Rootsof Congressional Deadlock: Analyzing PartisanPolarization Through the Lens of Majority Rule. Seminar with William Bianco.
14 June: Russia’sGrowingOpposition.Seminar with Fulbright Scholar Regina Smyth.
11-12 September: Climate and Conflict: PastEvidenceandResearchGaps. Workshop.
20 September:WhatdoweknowaboutCivilWar?WarandPeaceRevisited: Highlights from a Centre of Excellence.
21 September: Modern Civil War views on theUS Civil War. CSCW Film seminar. This film seminar was part of the National Science Week in Norway [Forskningsdagene].
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
28
Inger SkjelsbækLeader
Lynn P. Nygaard Leader of symposiums and skills training
Kristoffer LidénCoordinator
Steering Committee 2012:Ola Listhaug, Professor, NTNUDag Harald Claes, Professor, UiOInger Skjelsbæk, Deputy Director and Senior Researcher, PRIOKristian Berg Harpviken, Director and Senior Researcher, PRIOElida Kristine Undrum Jacobsen, Student RepresentativeKristoffer Lidén, PRIO. Secretary for the Committee
Courses & Activities given 2012ScholarlyWritingandPresentation, 23-24 April.
Seminaronpeaceandconflictresearch, 25 April.
Symposium. Internalseminarforallresearchschoolmembers, 26-27 April.
Research course (NTNU-PRIO):QualitativeMethodsandtheStudyofCivilWar, 7-10 May.
Research course (UiO):QuantitativePoliticalScience,24 April -31 May.
MoralizingHumanitarianIntervention.LecturewithProfessorThomasPogge, 27 August.
Symposium, 18-19 September.
Research course (PRIO): FieldworkMethodology,17-19 October.
Research course (PRIO): EthicsofPeaceinWorldPolitics, 26-28 November.
Research School in Peace and Conflict
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
29
Stephan HambergCoordinator
Kendra DupuyCoordinator
Christopher WhiteAcademic Coordinator
Summer School students 2013Photo: Martin Tegnander, PRIO
Since 1969, PRIO has organized the Peace Research Course of the University of Oslo’s Summer School. Number of students in 2012: 22
Geographic distribution of students in 2012: 19 countries
Maintopics:• the causes of conflict• the dynamics of conflict• resolving conflict and building peace• ethics and legal issues in war
International Summer School
PRIO EducationResearch School in Peace and Conflict
PRIO is involved in two master’s programmes in cooperation with Bjørknes College in Oslo, Stellenbosch University in South Africa and Australian National University (ANU) in Australia.
Peace and Conflict StudiesOslo and Australian National University
Master of International StudiesOslo and Stellenbosch University
Master Degree Programmes
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
30
Leadership and Support
Kristian Berg HarpvikenDirector
Inger SkjelsbækDeputy Director
Odvar LeineHead Librarian
Lene K. BorgAdministrative Director
Ingeborg HaavardssonSpecial Adviser onExternal Relations
Lars Even AndersenDeputy AdministrativeDirector
Lorna Quilario SandbergChief Accountant
Lynn P. Nygaard Advisor on Project Development and Publications
Olga BaevaLibrarian
Halvor BerggravAdviser to the Director
Cathrine ByeInstitute Adviser
Damian LawsManagement Adviser
Zlata TurkanovicAdministrative Assistant
Svein NormannIT Manager
Director s Office
Agnete SchjønsbyCommunication Director
Zlata TurkanovicCommunication Assistant
Communication
Administration Library
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
31
Report from the Board 2012Leadership and Support
The purpose of the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) is to engage in research concerning the conditions for peaceful relations between nations, groups and individuals. Since its foun-dation in 1959, PRIO has played a central inter-national role in developing peace research as an important academic discipline.
PRIO has since 2009 been led by Kristian Berg Harpviken, and to the Board’s great satisfaction, he has accepted a renewal of his engagement for a second term, ending 30 June 2017. Inger Skjelsbæk serves as Deputy Director.
During 2012, PRIO performed a reorganisation process with the aim of fostering innovation and collaboration, enabling further growth, and preparing the Institute for a changing research environment in Norway and internationally. After the reorganization, research at PRIO is organized in the form of research groups, - proj-ects and – departments, of which the research groups serve as a driving force in innovation and project development. The Research Groups are structured thematically, reflecting the Institute’s research agenda. At end of 2012, PRIO has 15 research groups:
The value generated in the research projects constitutes the basis for the Institute’s opera-tions, and both the research staff and the projects are anchored in research departments under the leadership of a research director with responsi-bility for staff and output. In addition to PRIO’s Centre of Excellence (CoE), Centre for theStudyofCivilWar, led by Scott Gates, the Institute has two research departments: Dimensions of Secu-rityandSocialDynamics, led by Pinar Tank and Jørgen Carling, respectively.
PRIO’s CoE, CentrefortheStudyofCivilWar, was established in 2002 as one of the first centres of excellence in Norway and will, after ten years, round off its operations in spring 2013. As host institution, PRIO is responsible for maintaining the competence developed in the CoE, and it is an important goal to integrate the centre’s activities back into PRIO’s basic organisational structure. The new research department led by Halvard Buhaug, ConditionsofViolenceandPeace, estab-lished 1 April 2013, continues the work of the Centre for the Study of Civil War.
We consider 2012 to have been another good year for PRIO, with a high level of activity. Much effort from both researchers and support staff has also been directed towards the realization of the Institute’s strategic goals for the 2010-13 strategy period.
The following research output is emphasized:• 2 scientific monographs (the corresponding figure for 2011 was 5)• 81 peer-reviewed journal articles (the figure for 2011 was 50)• 42 book chapters (the figure for 2011 was 52)• 2 completed doctoral dissertations (the figure for 2011 was 2) The institute’s total operating income amounted to NOK 91.7 million, an increase of 2.5% on the corresponding figure for 2011. The 2012 accounts show a surplus after tax of NOK 5 million, against a surplus of 2.6 million in 2011. The surplus is affected by a change of terms for payment of royalty income for the journals and consequent accounting practice as described in the next section.
The journals, with the flagships JournalofPeaceResearch(JPR) and SecurityDialogue(SD), both ranked at top level in the Norwegian registry of scientific journals, play a key role in the Insti-tute’s dissemination activities. In addition to JPR and SD, PRIO edits the journal InternationalAreaStudiesReview(IASR) in collaboration with Center for International Area Studies at HankukUniversity of Foreign Studies in Seoul. Further-more, PRIO researcher Henrik Syse serves as editor of JournalofMilitaryEthics,published by Routledge. Last year, the Institute’s contract with SAGE Publications Ltd. for the publishing of Journal ofPeaceResearch and SecurityDialoguewas renegotiated, and changes were made to the terms regulating the settlement of accounts and payment of royalty income. This is reflected in the sales revenues which show an increase of NOK 7.4 million compared with 2011, of which the one-off effect of the aforementioned change of terms constitute NOK 5.3 million.
PRIO has a long-term strategic aim of building up its net assets, and the result contributes posi-tively towards this aim. The 2012 surplus will be added to the net assets, which now amount to NOK 44.3 million. The cash-flow analysis shows a net decrease of NOK 7.7 million in the institute’s cash equivalents from 31 December 2011 to 31 December 2012. Still, PRIO’s liquidity situation is considered good: current assets are equivalent to 2.5 times current liabilities at 31 December 2012.
The Board is of the opinion that the annual accounts give a true and fair view of PRIO’s financial situation as of 31 December 2012.
In 2012, the core grant represented 16% of the institute’s operating revenues. In addition, the Research Council of Norway’s contribution to the Centre of Excellence represented 6% of the operating revenues. A further 27% of the insti-tute’s operating income came from the Research Council through ordinary project grants. Next to the Research Council of Norway, the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs has been PRIO’s most important funder in 2012, providing 21% of the institute’s operating revenues. Addi-
tional income was generated through research projects for several other funders, including the European Commission and the Norwegian Ministry of Defence. It is a strategic goal to diver-sify the funding base in order to reduce vulner-ability. Focused efforts are also directed towards increasing the share of international funding, which in 2012 constituted 20% of the institute’s operating revenues. In this regard, the institute has taken the initiative to establish a new foun-dation registered in the US, ThePeaceResearchEndowment, mandated to facilitate contact between researchers and donors.
For 2013, the Research Council of Norway has approved a core grant of NOK 15,548,000, equal-ling 17% of a budgeted turnover of NOK 92 million. PRIO aims for a stable turnover and a moderate surplus for 2013. At the start of the year, 79% of the budgeted income was consid-ered certain. The Board is of the opinion that the conditions for continued operation are present.
PRIO enjoys a good internal working environ-ment. Routines for health, environmental aware-ness and security have been established, and a work environment committee has been set up. PRIO employees participate in decisionmaking at the institute through membership of, or repre-sentation on, the Institute Council and the PRIO Board. Reported sick leave in 2012 was 2.6% (2.3% in 2011). The institute does not pollute the external environment.
On average, 91 people were employed at PRIO during 2012, working an equivalent of 66 person-years. Compared with 2011, the average number of people employed and the number of person-years performed decreased by 3. A total of 107 persons were engaged by PRIO during 2012, many of those by CSCW on a part-time basis. During 2012, 20 doctoral candidates and 4 master’s degree students benefited from schol-arships and/or workspace at PRIO.
PRIO promotes gender equality for its employees. In 2012, work carried out by research staff at the institute amounted to 49.7 person-years. Among junior researchers and doctoral candidates, women were responsible for 56% of the person-years worked. For senior researchers holding doctoral degrees, the corresponding figure was 62%, while it was only 14% for those with profes-sorial competence. In addition, 16.5 person-years were performed by administrative and support staff at PRIO, and women were responsible for 56% of these.
PRIO makes active efforts to prevent discrimina-tion on the basis of functional ability, ethnicity, national origin, skin colour, or religious or philo-sophical orientation. Activities performed in this regard include recruitment, remuneration and working conditions, promotional schemes, staff development programmes and protection against harassment.
MigrationGenderConflictTrendsEnvironmentHumanitarianismPeacebuildingReligionSecurity
LawandEthicsCiviliansinConflictGovernanceNon-stateConflictActorsCitiesandPopulationsRegionsandPowersMedia
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
32
Report from the Board 2012
Bernt Aardal (Chair)Institute for Social Research, OsloDag Harald ClaesUniversity of OsloRagnhild Steen JensenFafo, OsloRagnhild SohlbergSohlberg Consulting, OsloGeorg SørensenAarhus UniversityCindy Horst, PRIOHenrik Urdal, PRIO
Kristian Berg Harpviken (ex officio)Inger Skjelsbæk (ex officio)Lene K. Borg (ex officio)
Deputies:Jo Saglie, Institute for Social Research, OsloNora Sveaass, University of OsloCatharina Kinnvall, Lund UniversityMarta Bivand Erdal, PRIODamian Laws, PRIO
The Board members
Dag Harald Claes Ragnhild Steen Jensen
Ragnhild Sohlberg
Cindy Horst Henrik UrdalGeorg Sørensen
Bernt Aardal
PRIO is engaged in the project ‘Peace and Recon-ciliation in the Eastern Mediterranean’. In rela-tion to this project, the Institute keeps a branch office in Nicosia, Cyprus. Apart from the work of the PRIO Cyprus Centre, all of the institute’s activities are carried out at PRIO’s offices in Oslo.
The Board is of the clear opinion that PRIO’s activities are well managed, and in compliance with the Institute’s Statutes, approved strategies, and annual plans of action. PRIO is a worldwide well-recognised research milieu within the field of peace and conflict. In the short term, the demand, and funding prospectives, for PRIO’s research are expected to remain robust. The main
immediate challenge relates to the termination of funding of PRIO’s Centre of Excellence, CentrefortheStudyofCivilWar,at end 2012. To this end, PRIO has been successful in acquiring alterna-tive funding, aiming at new funding sources with a high level of prestige. In the longer term, we envisage challenges related to the develop-ment of Norwegian research policy. Possible scenarios include a research policy that aims at cultivating the institute sector as an arena for exclusively appliedresearch, at the same time as universities and colleges are also increasingly expected to obtain supplementary funding from external sources. Expansive consultant compa-nies and new public think-tanks’ entering the
arena, may potentially pose further challenges to the research institute sector in general, and strong academic research milieus like PRIO in particular. At the same time, PRIO demonstrates that solid academic competence is the best base for research relevance. We consider the research milieu at PRIO to be unique in a Norwegian as well as international setting. We develop new and stronger alliances with other research envi-ronments, and we are therefore of the opinion that in the long term, PRIO will prove itself as a robust research institute with unique quali-ties and a strong international profile, well posi-tioned for further growth.
Oslo,15April2013
Bernt AardalChair
Dag Harald ClaesBoard Member
Ragnhild SohlbergBoard Member
Kristian Berg HarpvikenDirector
Cindy Horst Board Member
Georg SørensenBoard Member
Ragnhild Steen JensenBoard Member
Henrik UrdalBoard Member
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
33
Income Statement
Operating Revenues
Operating Expenses
Financial Income/Expenses
Net Surplus
Disposal of Net Surplus
Cash Flow from Investment Activities
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash Flow Statement
Cash Flow From Operating Activities
ALL FIGURES IN NOK THOUSANDS
Core grants
Project grants
Sales revenues
Other revenues
Total operating revenues
Salaries and social costs
Professional fees
Other personnel costs
Office costs
Running costs for field office
Travel, representation and seminars
Depreciations
Total operating expenses
Operating surplus (deficit)
Financial income
Financial expenses
Net financial items
Net surplus before tax
Income tax
Net surplus for the financial year
Transferred to other equity capital
2012
14 560
65 543
10 651
966
91 720
47 865
12 314
2 051
11 205
3 145
8429
877
85 886
5 834
1 699
368
1 332
7 166
2 140
5 026
5 026
2011
13 302
71 979
3 212
929
89 421
44 430
12 214
2 800
11 668
3 846
11 056
1 064
87 078
2 343
1 591
75
1 516
3 858
1 233
2 626
2 626
Note 3
Note 4
Notes 8, 11
Note 6, 10
Note 5
Note 12
Note 13
Annual surplus
Taxes paid for the period
Depreciations
Change project advances from funders
Change debtors
Change other receivables
Change accounts payable and other liabilities
Effect of pension fund
Change in other periodized items
Net cash flow from operating activities
Payments for purchase of fixed assets
Net cash flow from investment activities
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January
Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December
2012
7 166
(2 154)
929
(12 811)
(4 343)
(694)
1 168
3 177
365
(7 195)
(493)
(493)
(7 689)
78 078
70 389
2011
3 858
(3 120)
1 114
(1 113)
4 604
42
1 749
3 311
563
11 008
(558)
(558)
10 450
67 628
78 078
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
34
Net Assets and Liabilities
Assets
Balance Sheet
Oslo,15April2013
Fixed assets
Deferred tax assets
Machines and furniture
Total fixed assets
Current assets
Debtors
Other receivables
Bank and cash in hand
Total current assets
Total assets
Net assets
Basic capital
Other equity capital
Total net assets 31 December
Allocation for liabilities
Pension liabilities
Long term liabilities, employees
Total allocation for liabilities
Current liabilities
Withholding tax, social security, VAT
Project advances from funders
Accounts payable
Current income tax payable
Other liabilities
Total current liabilities
Total net assets and liabilities
2012
2 922
843
3 764
12 086
2 917
70 389
85 392
89 156
6 197
38 087
44 284
9 387
1 005
10 392
3 273
16 048
4 162
3 108
7 889
34 480
89 156
2011
1 954
1 278
3 232
7 743
2 223
78 078
88 044
91 276
6 197
33 061
39 258
6 210
461
6 671
3 451
28 859
2 796
2 154
8 086
45 346
91 276
Note 12
Note 5, 6
Note 4
Note 2
Note 13
Note 7
Note 11
Note 4
Note 12
Bernt AardalChair
Dag Harald ClaesBoard Member
Ragnhild SohlbergBoard Member
Kristian Berg HarpvikenDirector
Ragnhild Steen Jensen Board Member
Georg SørensenBoard Member
Cindy HorstBoard Member
Henrik UrdalBoard Member
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
35
Note 6: LeasingOn 1 August 2005, PRIO entered into an agree-ment with the Norwegian Red Cross for rent of
office space in Hausmannsgate 7. The agree-ment was in 2009 extended until 31 July 2015 and the annual rent is NOK 2.85 million. After
expiry, PRIO has the right to extend the agree-ment for another five years, at market-regulated rent.
Notes to the Accounts at 31 December 2012
Note 5: Machines and FurnitureDepreciation of machines and furniture is calculated using the linear method over three or five years, dependent on the estimated lifetime of the assets.
Note 7: Pension Expenses, Pension Assets and Pension LiabilitiesPRIO’s employees are members of the Norwe-gian Public Service Pension Fund. The pension plan is regulated by the Norwegian Public Service Pension Fund Act. The pension plan comprises retirement pensions, disability pensions and contingent life pensions (contin-gent life pensions include joint life pensions and children’s pensions). The plan also comprises contractual pensions from 62 years. The pension plan is coordinated with pensions from the National Insurance Scheme. Membership is mandatory for all employees who qualify according to current regulations. At 1 January 2013, 68 employees were included in the fund, and the number of pensioners was 2. Calcu-
2011
3 609 531
1 877 992
(1 642 552)
121 145
3 966 116
265 818
4 231 934
559 222
4 791 156
0
4 791 156
Present value of earned pensions this year
Interest expense on pension liabilities
Return on pension expense (before payroll tax)
Administration cost
Net pension expense (before payroll tax)
Effect of estimate deviation
Net pension expense (before payroll tax)
Periodized payroll tax
Pension expense (after payroll tax)
Regulatory plan changes to age pension
Accounted for pension expense (after payroll tax)
2012
4 257 191
1 758 221
(1 406 995)
121 145
4 730 320
283 623
5 013 943
666 975
5 680 918
0
5 680 918
Note 1: Accounting PrinciplesThe annual accounts are produced in accordance with the Accounting Act of 1998 and sound accounting practice.
ValuationandClassificationofAssetsandLiabilitiesLong-lived assets aimed at permanent utiliza-tion or ownership are classified as fixed assets. Other assets are classified as current assets. Items falling due within one year are classified as current assets and liabilities.
Fixed assets are stated at historical cost net of accumulated depreciation or at estimated fair value if less than book value and the decline in
book value is not perceived as temporary. Depre-ciation is provided on a straight-line basis at rates calculated to amortize each asset over its expected economic lifetime. Current assets are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Assets and liabilities in foreign currency are valued at year-end exchange rates.
PrinciplesfortheEnteringofRoyaltyIncomeRoyalty income is accounted for in line with the accrual basis principle.
PensionsThe basis for recording pension liabilities is esti-mated salary level upon retirement and years of
service. Deviations from estimates and effects of changes in assumptions are amortized over expected remaining years of service if exceeding 10% of the greater of pension liabilities and pension funds. Changes in the pension plan are dispersed over the remaining years of service. The figures include payroll tax. The pension means are assessed at real value.
Note 2: Separate Bank Account for Withholding TaxesThe balance in the separate bank account for withholding taxes at 31 December 2012 was NOK 2,862,830. The corresponding figure at 31 December 2011 was NOK 2,926,756.
Note 3: Sales RevenuesSales revenues consist of royalty from sales of the journals. Consequent to changes in the agree-ment that regulates the settlement of accounts
and payments of royalty income, the amount recognized as income in 2012 is not directly comparable to the 2011 accounts.
Note 4: Project AccountsThe method of accounting used for projects is the percentage-of-completion method (Norwe-gian Accounting Standard 2, Construction Con-tracts). Project revenues are accounted foraccording to progress and reflect earned income. Project expenses are accounted for according to the accrual principle of accounting. The project balance and any outstanding income are
regarded as sufficient to cover future expenses needed for the completion of the project. Earned non-invoiced revenues are included in the sum
for debtors in the balance. Account payments and project advances from funders are presented as current liabilities on the balance sheet.
2012
5 734 741
16 048 082
2011
3 625 330
28 858 833
Projects at 31 December
Earned non-invoiced revenues on ongoing projects
Pre-invoiced production
Cost price 1 January
New investments
Decline/sales during the year
Accumulated previous depreciations
This year’s depreciation
Net book value at 31 December
2012
9 838 630
493 441
0
8 560 452
929 091
842 529
2011
9 280 553
558 077
0
7 446 645
1 113 807
1 278 179
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
36
Notes to the Accounts at 31 December 2012
Earned pension liabilities
Pension plan assets (at market value)
Estimate deviations not recognized
Pension liability, before payroll tax
Periodized payroll tax
Net pension liability, after payroll tax
Note 10: AuditorFees to Deloitte AS and cooperating firms have been divided as follows:
Note 8: Specification of Salaries and Social Costs. Total salaries and social costs consist of the following items:
The regular presuppositions of the insurance industry are used as actuarial assumptions for demographic factors and retirement.
EconomicAssumptions
Statutory audit fee
Other audit services
Tax advising fee
Total excl. VAT
2012
180 000
104 200
26 535
310 735
2011
180 000
114 500
42 050
336 550
lation of pension contributions and pension liabilities are based on actuarial principles. The pension scheme is not based on funds; payment of pensions is guaranteed by the Norwegian state (Retirement Pension Act §1). The Norwe-gian Public Service Pension Fund simulates placing the pension assets in government bonds (fictitious funds).
Note 9: Number of Employees During the Financial YearThe average number of employees at PRIO
during 2012 was 91, performing a total of 66 person-years (the corresponding figures for 2011 were 94 and 69). Additionally, the institute had
4 graduate students with scholarships and/or office space at PRIO during the year (the corre-sponding figure for 2011 was 2).
31 December 2012
Assets < liabilities
44 529 311
35 180 276
(1 121 849)
(8 277 186)
(1 160 033)
9 387 219
31 December 2011
Assets < liabilities
46 388 922
33 400 775
(7 545 680)
(5 442 467)
(767 388)
(6 209 856)
Discount interest
Expected salaries regulation
Expected pension regulation
Expected G regulation
Expected return on funds
2012
4.20%
3.50%
2.50%
3.25%
4.00%
2011
3.80%
3.50%
2.80%
3.25%
4.10%
Salaries
Payroll tax
Employer contribution pension scheme
Total
2012
37 645 603
5 516 257
4 703 002
47 864 862
2011
35 156 954
5 319 603
3 953 861
44 430 418
Note 11: Remuneration of the Leadership
Director
Board
Pension
40 110
0
Salary
957 936
203 000
Other
5 126
0
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
37
Notes to the Accounts at 31 December 2012
Note 12: TaxIn 2009, the Norwegian tax authorities decided that PRIO is liable for corporate taxation, effec-tive as of the 2008 income year. PRIO disagrees and has appealed the decision. Pending the outcome of the appeal, PRIO has chosen to account for tax as if the institute were liable for corporate taxation.
Notes to the Accounts at 31 December 2012
Note 13: Net Assets
Basic capital
Other equity capital, 1 January
Net surplus
Other equity capital, 31 December
Total net assets, 31 December
2012
6 197 000
33 061 039
5 026 434
38 087 474
44 284 474
2011
6 197 000
30 435 219
2 625 820
33 061 039
39 258 039
Specification of income tax expense:
Specification of the tax effect of temporary differences and losses carried forward:
Current income tax payable
Changes in deferred tax
Tax on profit/(loss)
Specification of current income tax payable:
This year’s payable income tax expense
Too little/much income tax allocation previous years
Current income tax payable in balance sheet
Reconciliation from nominal to real income tax rate:
Profit/(loss) before taxation
Estimated income tax according to nominal rate (28%)
Tax effect of the following items:
Other non-deductable expenses
Other non-taxable income
Too little/much income tax allocation previous years
Income tax expense
Effective income tax rate
2012
3 107 646
(967 941)
2 139 705
2012
3 107 646
0
3 107 646
2012
7 166 139
2 006 519
136 951
(3 765)
0
2 139 705
29.9 %
2011
2 153 692
921 033
1 232 659
2011
2 153 692
0
2 153 692
2011
3 858 479
1 080 374
152 286
0
0
1 232 660
31.9 %
Fixed assets
Current liabilities
Pension liabilities
Total
Off-balance sheet deferred tax benefits
Net deferred benefit/liability in balance sheet
2012
(293 089)
(2 628 421)
(2 921 510)
–
(2 921 510)
2011
(214 809)
(1 738 760)
(1 953 569)
–
(1 953 569)
The deferred tax benefit is included in the balance sheet on the basis of future income.
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
38
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
39
PRIO Staff in 2012
(Staff who left in 2012 are listed in italics)
DirectorKristian Berg Harpviken
Deputy DirectorInger Skjelsbæk
Researchers Anthony AmicellePavel K. BaevTor Arve BenjaminsenHelga Malmin BinningsbøKaja BorchgrevinkNina Kristin Jessica BoyIngrid Marie BreidlidMarit BrochmannHalvard BuhaugJ. Peter BurgessSabine CareyJørgen CarlingJeffrey T. CheckelErica ChenowethPrimus Che ChiDavid CunninghamKathleen Gallagher CunninghamMarianne DahlOlga DemetriouIda DommersnesKendra DupuyJon ElsterMarta Bivand ErdalRojan EzzatiScott GatesKristian Skrede GleditschNils Petter GleditschAyla GürelStephan HambergKristian Berg HarpvikenMete HatayWenche Iren HaugeNobuo HayashiHåvard HegreMaría Hernandez Carretero
Helga HernesKristian HoelscherHelge HoltermannCindy HorstBjørn HøylandElida Kristine JacobsenMaria Gabrielsen JumbertJoakim KarlsenMareile KaufmannCarl-Henrik KnutsenÅshild KolåsTapas KunduGina LendeKristoffer LidénOla ListhaugPäivi Paulina LujalaNicholas MarshJason MiklianMarit Moe-PryceKarl Ove MoeneMark NaftalinMarte NilsenMartin Austvoll NomeRagnhild NordåsHåvard M. NygårdPeter Gufu ObaErlend PaascheSabrina RametPatrick ReganGregory M. ReichbergSimon Reid-HenryØystein H. RolandsenSiri Aas RustadEspen Geelmuyden RødTove Heggli SagmoKristin Bergtora SandvikInger SkjelsbækHåvard StrandKaare StrømHenrik SysePinar TankOle Magnus TheisenAndreas Forø TollefsenNicos Trimikliniotis
Torunn L. TryggestadOla TunanderHarry G. TzimitrasStein TønnessonHenrik UrdalHilde Henriksen WaageHilde WallacherNils B. WeidmannTore WigJennifer WuGudrun Østby
Research AssistantsNicole Monique ApostolFaiza Kassim IbrahimAgnes Harriet LindbergJenny Kathrine LorentzenMaral MirshahiElin Berstad MortensenJonas NordkvelleDiana C. Ferreira OliveiraGerdis Wischnath
MA StudentsIdunn KristiansenØyvind StiansenTessa de Waal
Visiting ResearchersHenrikas BartuseviciusElizabeth Guerra BustaniKen ConcaKatherine EdelenElisabeth GilmoreAnita GohdesAnand KumarBlake McMahonKazuhiro ObayashiCeri OeppenSabine OttoPhilip A. SchrodtSharbanou TadjbakhsjPriyanka VijMatthew Wilson
Editorial StaffJ. Peter BurgessHelge HoltermannBertrand Lescher-NulandMarit Moe-PryceHenrik UrdalGudrun Østby
CommunicationAgnete SchjønsbyZlata Turkanovic
LibraryOlga BaevaOdvar Leine
Administrative FunctionsLars Even AndersenVicky AckxGuido BoninoLene K. BorgCathrine ByeAnne DuquenneAndrew John FelthamJonas GränsDamian LawsBertrand Lescher-NulandSvein NormannLorna Quilario SandbergZlata TurkanovicJennifer Wu
Directors OfficeHalvor BerggravIngeborg K. HaavardssonLynn Parker Nygaard
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
40
Statutes
§ 1: Aim and PurposeThe Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), herein also referred to as “the Institute”, is an independent international research institute. Its purpose is to engage in research concerning the conditions for peaceful relations between nations, groups and individuals.
In addition to this main purpose, the Institute shall: - stimulate research cooperation nationally and internationally - undertake training and teaching - hold conferences and seminars - disseminate information based on its own research as well as that of other institutions.
The Institute is free to choose its research projects. The results of its research shall be available to the public.
The name of the Institute is, in Norwegian, “Insti-tutt for fredsforskning” and, in English, “Peace Research Institute Oslo”, with “PRIO” as the offi-cial abbreviation in both languages.
§ 2: The FoundationThe Peace Research Institute Oslo, is an autono-mous non-profit foundation, independent of ideo-logical, political or national interests.
The “basis capital” (grunnkapital) of the Institute (as of 31 December 1996) stands at NOK 6.197 million.
§ 3: Governing BodiesThe Institute has the following governing bodies:- the Board - the Institute Director - the Institute Council.
§ 4: The BoardThe Board shall consist of seven members with personal deputies. Board members are appointed for a three-year period, in such a way that 4 and 3 members, respectively, are to be appointed at a time.
Members are appointed by the following bodies: - One member by the Institute for Social Research - Two members by the Norwegian Research Council (NFR)- One member by the University of Oslo - One member from the other Nordic countries, appointed by the Nordic International Studies Association- Two members by the Institute Council (IC). These two members shall be chosen from among the PRIO staff. The Institute Director, the Deputy Director and the Administrative Director are not eligible.
The Institute Director, Deputy Director and the Administrative Director take part in the meetings of the Board, without voting rights.
Consideration shall be given to achieving reason-able representation of both sexes.
The Board elects its own Chairperson and Deputy Chairperson.
If any Board member finds it necessary to leave the Board during his/her period of appointment, a new appointment should be made for the dura-tion of the period.
A quorum of the Board shall be constituted by the presence of at least five members; or by the presence of four, including the Chairperson. The Chair has a double vote in the case of a tie.
The Board shall be convened when demanded by the Chair or by two of its members.
The Board shall keep minutes of its meetings. Minutes are to be available to the members of the Institute staff.
§ 5 Board: FunctionsThe Board shall discuss and approve the work plan of the Institute, approve the budget and accounts, and evaluate the activities of the Insti-tute in relation to the Institute’s aim and purpose and its work plan.
The Board shall appoint the Institute Director (cf § 6), the Administrative Director, researchers employed in permanent positions and other researchers when these are engaged for a period of over one year. Notice of termination for these same personnel categories is likewise to be approved by the Board.
§ 6: Appointment of Institute Director and Deputy DirectorThe Institute Council and the Board jointly prepare the appointment of a new Institute Director. The Institute Council is to deliver an annotated recommendation to the Board. Before delivering its recommendation, the Council is to obtain statements from outside experts.
The Institute Director shall be appointed by the Board to serve for a period of four years, with the possibility of an extension of up to four years. If the Institute Council, within two weeks of the Board’s first decision on the hiring of a new Director, by at least a 3/4 majority, notifies the Board in writing of its reasoned disagreement with the decision, the Board must consider the hiring anew.
The Board shall appoint the Deputy Director for two years at a time, following nomination by the Director and the recommendation of the IC. The Deputy Director may be re-appointed. § 7: Institute Director: FunctionsThe Institute Director is in charge of leading the activity of the Institute.
The Institute Director has overarching respon-sibility for the planning, running, co-ordinating and financing of the scholarly activities of the Institute, within the framework set by the work plan and the budget adopted by the Board. The Institute Director is to see to it that the staff are provided with possibilities to develop their competence.
The Institute Director has main responsibility for information about the Institute externally. He/She shall also determine what is to be published in the name of the Institute.
The Deputy Director shall execute the daily func-tions of the Institute Director when the latter is prevented from performing them.
§ 8: The Institute CouncilThe Institute Council (IC) is composed of all employees in permanent positions, as well as all employees in non-permanent positions employed
for 50 % or more of standard working hours for more than 6 months. All these have voting rights in the IC. The conscientious objectors and the students elect one representative each with voting rights – with personal deputies. These are to be chosen at separate, annual elections. Further rules concerning these elections shall be determined by the IC.
A quorum of the Institute Council shall be consti-tuted by the presence of at least 3/5 of its members with voting rights. Unless otherwise determined, matters are to be decided by simple majority vote. The Chair has a casting vote in the case of a tie.
The Institute Council shall be convened when requested by the Institute Director or three of its members.
The Institute Director takes part in the meetings of the IC, without the right to vote.
At the beginning of each meeting the IC is to decide who shall chair that session.
The Administrative Director normally acts as secretary to the IC. The IC shall keep minutes of its meetings.
§ 9: Institute Council: FunctionsThe Institute Council is a consultative body for the Board and the Director. All matters which, according to § 5 above, are to be dealt with by the Board (including work plan, budget and accounts, appointment of the Administrative Director, researchers in permanent positions and other researchers when they are engaged for a period of over one year) are to be presented first to the IC for its recommendation. Unless special circum-stances are an impediment, the Institute Director and the staff representatives to the Board shall also present to the IC all other matters which they intend to put before the Board.
Personnel matters are not to be dealt with by the Institute Council. The Institute Council itself determines whether a matter falls within its mandate.
The Institute Council elects two members of the PRIO staff to the Board. The IC can require these to take up specific matters before the Board.
§ 10: Freedom of speech All staff members have full freedom of expres-sion, internally and externally.
§ 11: StatutesThese Statutes are available in both Norwegian and English. In the case of any discrepancies, the Norwegian text shall apply.
Amendment of the Statutes requires both a 2/3 majority of the Institute Council, and a 5/7 majority of the Board.
§ 12: DissolutionDissolution of the Institute requires a 2/3 majority of the Institute Council, and a 5/7 majority of the Board.
Should this take place, any funds shall go to the Institute for Social Research or be used for a research purpose designated by the latter Institute.
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
41
Notes
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
42
PRIO
AN
NU
AL R
EPORT
2012
43
Over the past 50 years PRIO has established
itself as the pre-eminent peace and conflict research institute in Europe – many
would say the world. Its major, but by no means only, contribution has been
to drive forward the frontiers of knowledge in quantitative
conflict. Its research and publication record
in this area has been extraordinarily impressive,
its flagship journal is world class and its impact on the
field huge.
Andrew Mack, Simon Fraser University,
Canada. Editor of the Human Secur ity Report.
,
,
www.prio.org