31/01/2011 Patrick Moriarty, IRC

SUSTAINABLE WASH LEARNING EVENT

Patrick Moriarty

IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre

31/01/2011 Patrick Moriarty, IRC

Capital expenditure

Operational and minor

maintenance expenditure

Capital maintenance expenditure

Direct support costs

Indirect support cost

Costs of capital

1 Capital investment is only the start

31/01/2011 Patrick Moriarty, IRC

Co

sts

Capital costs (capital investment dominates)

Capital costs (capital maintenance dominates)

Management/Recurrent costs

Coverage rates

25% 50% 75% 100%

Danger zone: as basic infrastructure is provided, coverage risks stagnating at

around 60 - 80% due to insufficient investment in management while

capital investment remains high due to need for rehabilitation

2 Priorities shift as the sector matures

~ US$ 5/capita/year for

hand pumps

~ US$ 20/capita/year

for small piped

networks

31/01/2011 Patrick Moriarty, IRC

3 Service levels

Intermediate service: people access a minimum of 40l/c/d of acceptable quality water from an improved source spending no more that 30 minutes per day

High service: people access a minimum of 60l/c/d of high quality

water on demand

No service: people access water from insecure or unimproved sources, or sources that are too distant, time consuming or are of poor quality

Sub-standard service: people access a service that is an improvement on having no service at all, but fails to meet the basic standard on one or more criteria

Basic service: people access a minimum of 20l/c/d of acceptable quality water from an improved source spending no more that 30 minutes per day

31/01/2011 Patrick Moriarty, IRC

Implications for sustainability

31/01/2011 Patrick Moriarty, IRC

All costs summed over service lifetime (e.g. 20 years) Activities Cost

Source of finance

total Per

person

Capital investment

Initial development of borehole and equipment

with handpump 10,000 33 NGO

Operational expenditure Occasional minor

maintenance 1,900 6 Users

Capital maintenance expenditure

Replacement of handpump (every 10 years) 2,000 7 Local government

Direct support costs District level monitoring –

technical backstopping 5,700 19 Local government

Indirect support costs N/A

Costs of capital N/A

Total life-cycle cost 19,600 65

A first step….identifying the building blocks

31/01/2011 Patrick Moriarty, IRC