MAXILLARY CENTRAL

INCISOR (11, 21)

MAXILLARY LATERAL

INCISOR (12, 22)

MANDIBULAR

CENTRAL INCISOR

(31,41)

MANDIBULAR LATERAL

INCISOR (32, 42)

ERUPTION 7-8 years old

(usually after mandibular central

incisors)

8-9 years old

(usually after maxillary

central incisors)

6-7 years old

(usually before maxillary

central incisors)

7-8 years old

(usually after mandibular

central incisors)

ROOT

COMPLETION

10 years old 11 years old 9 years old 10 years old

LABIAL VIEW

FEATURES

Widest crown MD

Outline of the crown LL is

trapezoidal (narrowest at

cervical third, wider towards

incisal edge)

Greatest crown variation

Resembles maxillary central

incisors, but has smaller and

slightly rounder crown

Crown is symmetrical,

having fan shape

Resembles mandibular

central incisors, but larger

and more variation

Crown appears twisted

distally at LL (not

symmetrical labially)

LINGUAL VIEW

FEATURES

CEJ has more curvature to the

distal

Single cingulum, wide and

well developed

Single lingual fossa, wide nd

shallow

Lingual surface is narrower

than labial

Cingulum is prominent,

centered and narrower

Deep lingual fossa

Pronounced marginal ridges

(mesial is longer than distal)

Lingual groove is horizontal

and better developed

Has lingual pit

Crown is narrower on

lingual side

Marginal ridges are

subtle

Single lingual fossa,

barely noticeable (subtle)

Cingulum is small and

centered

Crown lacks bilateral

symmetry

More prominent than central

incisor

Single cingulum, small and

distal to the long axis of the

root

PROXIMAL VIEW

FEATURES

CEJ curvature on the mesial

side is deep incisally

Crown is triangular on

mesial view

CEJ curvature similar to

maxillary central incisors,

although not as deeply

curved as them

CEJ curvature is higher

incisally on the mesial

side

Greater height of curvature

on mesial side

INCISAL VIEW

FEATURES

Shape of crown is triangular

with labial outline broadly

rounded

Outline of crown is round

or oval

Nearly symmetrical

crown outline

Appears rounder than central

incisor

Incisal edge curves towards

the lingual part distally

HEIGHT OF

CONTOUR

Cervical third

MESIAL Incisal third

CONTACT

DISTAL

CONTACT

Junction of incisal and middle

third

Middle third / junction with

incisal third

Incisal third

DISTINGUISHIN

G RIGHT FROM

LEFT

Sharper MI angle

Rounder DI angle

More pronounced mesial CEJ curvature

SPECIFIC ROOT

FEATURES

Single-rooted

Conical shape and slightly

straight, usually with rounded

apex

No proximal root concavities

Pulp cavity- one large root

canal

Single-rooted

Conical shape, relatively

smooth and straight, may

curve slightly to the distal

Pulp cavity- one pulp canal

and one pulp chamber

Single-rooted

Simple, widest LL and

MD

Pronounced proximal

root concavities, vary in

length and depth

Pulp cavity : one pulp

canal and three pulp

horns

Single-rooted

Straight, slightly longer and

wider than central incisor

Pronounced proximal root

concavities, especially on

distal surface

Pulp cavity : one pulp and

three pulp horns