in-town tour optimization of conventional mode for municipal solid waste collection
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/13/2019 In-town tour optimization of conventional mode for municipal solid waste collection
1/7
Nigerian Journal of Technology Vol. 32, No. 3, November 2013 443443443443
ININININ----TOWN TOUR OPTIMIZATIONTOWN TOUR OPTIMIZATIONTOWN TOUR OPTIMIZATIONTOWN TOUR OPTIMIZATION OFOFOFOF CONVENTIONAL MODECONVENTIONAL MODECONVENTIONAL MODECONVENTIONAL MODE FORFORFORFORMUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE COLLECTIONMUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE COLLECTIONMUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE COLLECTIONMUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE COLLECTION
A.A.A.A. S. AS. AS. AS. AremuremuremuremuDEPARTMENT OF CIVILENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OFILORIN, ILORIN, KWARASTATE , NIGERIA
E-m !" ##re$$% remu& #e'!(!)( *++. +m
A $ r A $ r A $ r A $ rT*!$T*!$T*!$T*!$ $ u#($ u#($ u#($ u#( !""u$ r e$ *e //"! !+' +0 $!m/"e '# e00! !e' S+"1er ## !""u$ r e$ *e //"! !+' +0 $!m/"e '# e00! !e' S+"1er ## !""u$ r e$ *e //"! !+' +0 $!m/"e '# e00! !e' S+"1er ## !""u$ r e$ *e //"! !+' +0 $!m/"e '# e00! !e' S+"1er ##- -- -!' ++" !' M! r+$+0 O00! e E2 e" !' ++" !' M! r+$+0 O00! e E2 e" !' ++" !' M! r+$+0 O00! e E2 e" !' ++" !' M! r+$+0 O00! e E2 e" 565565565565$+0 7 re 0+r !' $+0 7 re 0+r !' $+0 7 re 0+r !' $+0 7 re 0+r !'- -- - +7' +ur +/ !m!8 !+' +0 $+"!# 7 $ e +""e !+'. D re9u!re# 0+r +ur +/ !m!8 !+' 7 $+7' +ur +/ !m!8 !+' +0 $+"!# 7 $ e +""e !+'. D re9u!re# 0+r +ur +/ !m!8 !+' 7 $+7' +ur +/ !m!8 !+' +0 $+"!# 7 $ e +""e !+'. D re9u!re# 0+r +ur +/ !m!8 !+' 7 $+7' +ur +/ !m!8 !+' +0 $+"!# 7 $ e +""e !+'. D re9u!re# 0+r +ur +/ !m!8 !+' 7 $+ !'e# 0r+m *e mu'! !/ " u *+r! (, 0!e"# $ u#!e$, '# #!:! !8e# m / +0 + !'e# 0r+m *e mu'! !/ " u *+r! (, 0!e"# $ u#!e$, '# #!:! !8e# m / +0 + !'e# 0r+m *e mu'! !/ " u *+r! (, 0!e"# $ u#!e$, '# #!:! !8e# m / +0 + !'e# 0r+m *e mu'! !/ " u *+r! (, 0!e"# $ u#!e$, '# #!:! !8e# m / +0 I"+r!', N!:er! 7*!"e +""e !+'I"+r!', N!:er! 7*!"e +""e !+'I"+r!', N!:er! 7*!"e +""e !+'I"+r!', N!:er! 7*!"e +""e !+'+/er !+' 7 $ 0+rmu" e# $ Tr 1 +/er !+' 7 $ 0+rmu" e# $ Tr 1 +/er !+' 7 $ 0+rmu" e# $ Tr 1 +/er !+' 7 $ 0+rmu" e# $ Tr 1e"!': S "e$m ' Pr+ "em +' E2 e" $/re #$*ee . T*e re$u" $ + !'e# 0r+me"!': S "e$m ' Pr+ "em +' E2 e" $/re #$*ee . T*e re$u" $ + !'e# 0r+me"!': S "e$m ' Pr+ "em +' E2 e" $/re #$*ee . T*e re$u" $ + !'e# 0r+me"!': S "e$m ' Pr+ "em +' E2 e" $/re #$*ee . T*e re$u" $ + !'e# 0r+m*e +/ !m!8 !+' +0 e' /r+m!'e' r+u e$ re1e "e# **e +/ !m!8 !+' +0 e' /r+m!'e' r+u e$ re1e "e# **e +/ !m!8 !+' +0 e' /r+m!'e' r+u e$ re1e "e# **e +/ !m!8 !+' +0 e' /r+m!'e' r+u e$ re1e "e# * 7+ 7+7+7+ em/!r! " r+u e em/!r! " r+u e em/!r! " r+u e em/!r! " r+u e$ $$ $ * # *e $ me +ur* # *e $ me +ur* # *e $ me +ur* # *e $ me +ur #!$ ' e#!$ ' e#!$ ' e#!$ ' e $ *e$ *e$ *e$ *e+/ !m!8e# +ur.+/ !m!8e# +ur.+/ !m!8e# +ur.+/ !m!8e# +ur. ;+7e1er, !' *e rem !'!': e!:* ;+7e1er, !' *e rem !'!': e!:* ;+7e1er, !' *e rem !'!': e!:* ;+7e1er, !' *e rem !'!': e!:* r+u e$, *e +/ !m!8 !+' /r+ e$$ re#u e# +ur #!$ ' e (r+u e$, *e +/ !m!8 !+' /r+ e$$ re#u e# +ur #!$ ' e (r+u e$, *e +/ !m!8 !+' /r+ e$$ re#u e# +ur #!$ ' e (r+u e$, *e +/ !m!8 !+' /r+ e$$ re#u e# +ur #!$ ' e ( .54 .54 .54 .54- -- - 6, +ur !me ( 5.33 6, +ur !me ( 5.33 6, +ur !me ( 5.33 6, +ur !me ( 5.33- -- - .?5 >, '# 0ue" +'$um/ !+'.?5 >, '# 0ue" +'$um/ !+'.?5 >, '# 0ue" +'$um/ !+'.?5 >, '# 0ue" +'$um/ !+' ( ((( 6.=? 6.=? 6.=? 6.=?- -- - 5.@4 >. T 5.@4 >. T 5.@4 >. T 5.@4 >. T*e +$ !' urre# !' /ur * $!':*e +$ !' urre# !' /ur * $!':*e +$ !' urre# !' /ur * $!':*e +$ !' urre# !' /ur * $!':
#!e$e" !$ "$+ e2/e e# + #e re $e (#!e$e" !$ "$+ e2/e e# + #e re $e (#!e$e" !$ "$+ e2/e e# + #e re $e (#!e$e" !$ "$+ e2/e e# + #e re $e ( US 5.66 US 5.66 US 5.66 US 5.66- -- -US 6.B@ 1e*! "e # (.US 6.B@ 1e*! "e # (.US 6.B@ 1e*! "e # (.US 6.B@ 1e*! "e # (. T*ere0+re, *e /r+ T*ere0+re, *e /r+ T*ere0+re, *e /r+ T*ere0+re, *e /r+/+$e# me *+# /+$e# me *+# /+$e# me *+# /+$e# me *+# ' $er1e' $er1e' $er1e' $er1e$ $ $ $ 1 "u "e ++" 0+r re#u !': $+me 1 "u "e ++" 0+r re#u !': $+me 1 "u "e ++" 0+r re#u !': $+me 1 "u "e ++" 0+r re#u !': $+me $+ !+ $+ !+ $+ !+ $+ !+- -- -e +'+m! '# e'1!r+'me' " !m/ $ $$+ ! e# 7! * $+"!# 7 $ ee +'+m! '# e'1!r+'me' " !m/ $ $$+ ! e# 7! * $+"!# 7 $ ee +'+m! '# e'1!r+'me' " !m/ $ $$+ ! e# 7! * $+"!# 7 $ ee +'+m! '# e'1!r+'me' " !m/ $ $$+ ! e# 7! * $+"!# 7 $ e+""e !+'.+""e !+'.+""e !+'.+""e !+'.
Ke(7+r#$% Ke(7+r#$% Ke(7+r#$% Ke(7+r#$% S+"!# 7 $ e, * u"e# +' !'er, +'1e' !+' " m+#e, Tr 1e"!': S "e$m ' Pr+ "em, +ur +/ !m!8 !+'
6.6.6.6. I' r+#u !+'I' r+#u !+'I' r+#u !+'I' r+#u !+'S+"!# 7 $ e +""e !+' !$ 7!#e"( re +:'!8e#
r+$$ *e :"+ e + +u' 0+r m +r! ( +0e2/e'#! ure +' $+"!# 7 $ e m ' :eme' 6, .T(/! ""(, +""e !+' +$ $ re/re$e' ?5- '# @5-?5> +0 mu'! !/ " $+"!# 7 $ e m ' :eme' u#:e !'"+7 !' +me '# m!##"e !' +me +u' r!e$re$/e !1e"( 3 . I' N!:er! , $+"!# 7 $ e +""e !+'
+u' $ 0+r +u =5-?5 > +0 *e + " +$ +0 $+"!#7 $ e m ' :eme' 4 . I' !# + re#u e +""e !+'+$ $, mu'! !/ " u *+r! !e$ * 1e ee' 0+r e# +#e1e"+/ 'e7 $ r e:!e$ 0+r *e +""e !+' +0 $+"!#7 $ e$, / r ! u" r"( !' ur ' e' er$.T*e * u"e# +' !'er $($ em 0+r mu'! !/ " $+"!#7 $ e +""e !+' u$!': *e +'1e' !+' " m+#e * $: !'e# /r+m!'e' e !' re $ 7! * *!:* 7 $ e:e'er !+' '# e$$! !"! ( /r+ "em$, e$/e ! ""( !'*e #e1e"+/!': 7+r"# @ . T*e $($ em re9u!re$ " r:e +' !'er + e $ !+'e# $er1! e +r
+""e !+' /+!' 7*ere 7 $ e :e'er +r$ #r+/ *e!r7 $ e$. C+""e !+' r!/$ !'1+"1e *e m+1eme' +0 0u""+' !'er$ + *e #!$/+$ " $! e '# re ur' +0 em/ (+' !'er$ + $er1! e /+!' $. E * # !"( +""e !+'r+u e e:!'$ *e : r :e, '# 0 er /! !': $$!:'e#'um er +0 7 $ e +' !'er$, *e +""e !+' 1e*! "ere ur'$ + *e : r :e. D !"( +""e !+' r+u e$ ree$ "!$*e# $e# +' +""e !+' re9u!reme' $H0u""'e$$ '# "+ !+' +0 7 $ e +' !'er$ . F!'#!': *e +/ !m " r+u e + +""e 7 $ e +' !'er$0r+m #!$/er$e# $er1! e /+!' $ 7! *!' ' ur '
e' er !$ ' !m/+r ' $/e #ur!': $+"!# 7 $ e+""e !+'. T*!$ !$ e u$e $u $ ' ! " e'e0! $ !'erm$ +0 $+ ! ", e +'+m! '# e'1!r+'me' " : !'$rue 0r+m r+u e +/ !m!8 !+'. F+r e2 m/"e r+u e
+/ !m!8 !+' /r+ e$$ u$!': R+u e V!e7 Pr+ TM S+0 7 re B re$u" e# !' 4-@< >, 64-B@ > '# 4.= >#e re $e !' #!$ ' e, !me '# m+' *"( +$ $re$/e !1e"(. A"$+ *e *eur!$ ! me *+# u$e# (O:7ue"e '# A:u'7 m = 0+r r+u e+/ !m!8 !+' !' 7+ ! !e$ !' N!:er! "e# + $ 1!':$+0 6. A'+ *er $ u#(( C* ! $ '# L $ r!#! ? 7*! * u$e# GISe *'+"+:( $ *e +/ !m!8 !+' ++" re$u" e# !' 3-6=> '# @.@-6 .@ > re#u !+' !' +""e !+' !me '##!$ ' e re$/e !1e"(. T*!$ +u"# !' ur' #e re $e *ee +'+m! , *e " * '# e'1!r+'me' " ur#e' +0 $+"!#7 $ e +""e !+' !1! !e$ $!' e *e( re re" e# +
+""e !+' !me +r #!$ ' e r 1e""e# ( *e +""e !+'1e*! "e. O *er $!:'!0! ' #1 ' :e$ +0 r+u e+/ !m!8 !+' !' "u#e re#u !+' !' 1e*! "em !' e' ' e e2/e'#! ure '# !m/r+1eme' !'r 00! +'#! !+'$ < , '# re#u !+' !' em!$$!+'$ /err+u e 65 .T*e +/ !m " r+u !': /r+ "em +0 +""e !+' 1e*! "e$' e " $$!0!e# $ e! *er C*!'e$e P+$ m '
Pr+ "em HCPP +r Tr 1e"!': S "e$m ' Pr+ "emHTSP , 0+rmu" e# 0+r 1e*! "e$ + /er0+rm r+u !':+1er e$$e' ! " '+#e$ +r r $ !' 'e 7+r 7! *
Nigerian Journal of Technology (NIJOTECH)Vol. 32. No. 3. November 2013, pp. 443 – 449
Copyright© Faculty of Engineering,niver!ity of Nigeria, N!u""a, #$$N% 111&'())3
www.nijotech.com
-
8/13/2019 In-town tour optimization of conventional mode for municipal solid waste collection
2/7
-
8/13/2019 In-town tour optimization of conventional mode for municipal solid waste collection
3/7
IIIINNNN----TOWNTOWNTOWNTOWNTTTTOUROUROUROUROOOOPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFCCCCONVENTIONALONVENTIONALONVENTIONALONVENTIONALMMMMODE FORODE FORODE FORODE FORMMMMUNICIPALUNICIPALUNICIPALUNICIPALSSSSOLIDOLIDOLIDOLIDWWWWASTEASTEASTEASTECCCCOLLECTIONOLLECTIONOLLECTIONOLLECTION,,,, A. S. AremuA. S. AremuA. S. AremuA. S. Aremu
Nigerian Journal of Technology Vol. 32, No. 3, November 2013 44@44@44@44@
+0 ' 7 $ e !'$ + e /! e# !' +r#er + +m/"e e # ( $ 7+r . P r me er$ $u * $ 7 $ e !' "+ !+'H0+r ! Q 6 + ' '# 1e*! u" r m+1eme' #ur!': *e+""e !+' +0 *e$e 7 $ e !'$ 7ere + !'e# 0r+m0!e"# $ u#(. O *er # re" e# + e * +""e !+'r+u e '# re9u!re# 0+r *e e$ !m !+' +0 +ur/ r me er$ 7ere + !'e# 0r+m #!:! !8e# m / +0
*e ! ( '# "! er ure. $! ""( *e / r me er$e2 m!'e# u'#er e * +ur re #!$ ' e, !me, 0ue"+'$um/ !+' '# +$ .
F!:ure % S/ ! " "+ !+' +0 7 $ e !'$ !' *e$ u#!e# r+u e$ 7! *!' I"+r!' me r+/+"!$
.3 .3 .3 .3. ... O/ !m!8 !+' +0O/ !m!8 !+' +0O/ !m!8 !+' +0O/ !m!8 !+' +0 C+""e !+' T+ur C+""e !+' T+ur C+""e !+' T+ur C+""e !+' T+urT*e +/ !m!8 !+' m+#e" + $+"1e *e TSP u$!': *e
S+"1er ##-!' ++" 1 !" "e !' $ '# r# M! r+$+0E2 e" 565 / :e 7 $ #e1e"+/e# 0+""+7!': *ePrem!um S+"1er P" 0+rm /r+ e#ure +0 ! ': 6@ .
T*e /r+ e#ure e' !"$ *ree $! $ e/$%.3.6. Cre !+' +0 E2 e" 7+r $*ee '# #e0!'!': *e
!'! ! " +ur $e9ue' e.I' *!$ $ e/, ' +r!:!'-#e$ !' !+' HO-D m r!2 0+re * r+u e 7*! * re/re$e' $ *e Eu "!#e ' m!"e :em r!2 +0 "" *e '+#e$ !' *e r+u e !$ re e# !' E2 e"$/re #$*ee . F+r e2 m/"e, $ $*+7' !' F!:ure 3, *eO-D m r!2 0+r R+u e 6 !$ I3%P65. Ne2 *e !'! ! " +ur!$ #e0!'e# $u * * *e +""e !+' 1e*! "e e:!'$ '#e'#$ *e # ( $ 7+r : r :e HG , !.e Ce""$ A4%A66+' !' !' e:er 1 "ue$ 6 + ? 7*!"e Ce"" A6 * $ *e0+rmu" QA4 '# ! $$ure$ * *e +ur e'#$
: r :e HG 7*ere *e +ur e: '. T*e E2 e" 0u' !+'VLOOKUPH !$ *e' u$e# + + !' *e 7 $ e !'$$$+ ! e# 7! * *e !' e:er 1 "ue$ H6-? !' *e !'! ! "+ur HA4%A66 . F+r e2 m/"e *e E2 e" 0+rmu" 0+r 4!$% QVLOOKUPHA4, D 4% E 66, '# *!$ 0u' !+'!$ "$+ //"!e# + 0!"" Ce"" @ + 6 . T*e #!$ ' e0r+m +'e 7 $ e !' + *e 'e2 !$ 0+u'# u$!': *eE2 e" 0u' !+' INDE '# *!$ !'$ ru !+' 0!'#$ *e$$+ ! e# #!$ ' e 0r+m *e O-D m r!2. F+re2 m/"e Ce"" C@QINDE H I 3% P 65,A4,A@ '# *!$0+rmu" !$ e9u ""( u$e# + 0!"" Ce"" CB + D6 .T*e + "
#!$ ' e +0 *e !'! ! " +ur H$um +0 Ce"" C@ + C6 !$re/re$e' e# ( Ce"" C63.
.3. O/er !+' +0 S+"1er #! "+:$T*e $+"1er #! "+:$ re !1 e# + #e0!'e *e+ e !1e, e""$ + * ':e, +'$ r !' $, '# *e$+"u !+' me *+# HF!:ure 4 . T*e + e !1e !$ #e0!'e#
( *e $/re #$*ee e"" + +/ !m!8eJ * !$ +m!'!m!8e Ce"" C63, 7*! * +' !'$ *e + " +ur#!$ ' e. T*e e""$ + * ':e !' +r#er + m!'!m!8e *e+ " #!$ ' e re A4%A66, 7*! * *+"# *e !' e:er1 "ue$ $$!:'e# + *e e!:* 7 $ e !' "+ !+'$. T*e+'$ r !' !' *!$ /r+ "em !$ * *ere 7!"" e +'"(+'e e' r( '# +'e e2! + e * 7 $ e !', '# *e +ur7!"" e'# 7*ere ! e: '. T*!$ !$ !m/"eme' e# (#e " r!': * *e 1 "ue$ !' e""$ A4%A66 7!"" e ""#!00ere' '# *!$ +/ !+' !$ +'"( 1 !" "e !'M! r+$+0 E2 e" 565 '# *!:*er 1er$!+'$. T*e$+"u !+' me *+# $e"e e# !$ *e E1+"u !+' r(me *+# !.e u$!': :e'e ! ":+r! *m.
.3.3 Cre !+' +0 *e $+"u !+'T*e $+"u !+' + TSP !' M! r+$+0 E2 e" u$!': *eS+"1er #! "+: +2 !$ + !'e# ( "! !': *e $+"1eu +'. I' *e e2 m/"e !' F!:ure 4, +' e *e $+"1eu +' !$ "! e#, *e S+"1er /er0+rm$ $+me! er !+'$ ( re rr ':!': *e +ur $e9ue' e !' Ce""$A4 + A66. F!' ""(, *e +/ !m " $+"u !+' !$ /re$e' e#!' Ce"" C63.T*e +/ !m!8e# +ur$ :e'er e# 0r+m *e M! r+$+0E2 e" S+"1er ++" 7ere *e' +m/ re# 7! *em/!r! " +ur$ :e'er e# ( +00! ! "$ +0 *e 7 $ e
m ' :eme' +m/ '(. Eu "!#e ' #!$ ' e 0r+m *eem/!r! ""( :e'er e# +ur '# *e #!$ ' e+ !'e# 0r+m *e S+"1er $+"u !+' 7ere u$e# 0+r' "($e$.
.4 .4 .4 .4 E$ !m !+' +0 T+ur T!meE$ !m !+' +0 T+ur T!meE$ !m !+' +0 T+ur T!meE$ !m !+' +0 T+ur T!meT*e !me re9u!re# 0+r +m/"e e +""e !+' r!/u$!': *e +'1e' !+' " m+#e !$ :!1e' ( Aremu e " .6? $%
( )er turn fststt N N x xT int0064.0003.0030.0034.0081.002.1 ++++= H6 W*ere tt T !$ *e r!/ !me 0+r +""e !': $+"!# 7 $ e
0r+m $er1! e /+!' , *r r!/, ts x !$ *e * u" #!$ ' e
0r+m $er1! e /+!' + #!$/+$ " $! e, m r!/ , fs x !$
*e * u" #!$ ' e 0r+m #!$/+$ " $! e + *e $ me$er1! e /+!' m r!/, turn N !$ *e 'um er +0 ur'$
m #e #ur!': *e +""e !+' r!/ '# er N int !$ *e'um er +0 !' er$e !+'$ e' +u' ere# #ur!': *e+""e !+' r!/. Fr+m F!:ure H6 '# E9u !+' H6 ,*e + " +""e !+' !me re9u!re# + +m/"e e+""e !+' !1! !e$ 0+r ' $$!:'e# r+u e !' # ( !$ :!1e' $%
-
8/13/2019 In-town tour optimization of conventional mode for municipal solid waste collection
4/7
IIIINNNN----TOWNTOWNTOWNTOWNTTTTOUROUROUROUROOOOPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFCCCCONVENTIONALONVENTIONALONVENTIONALONVENTIONALMMMMODE FORODE FORODE FORODE FORMMMMUNICIPALUNICIPALUNICIPALUNICIPALSSSSOLIDOLIDOLIDOLIDWWWWASTEASTEASTEASTECCCCOLLECTIONOLLECTIONOLLECTIONOLLECTION,,,, A. S. AremuA. S. AremuA. S. AremuA. S. Aremu
Nigerian Journal of Technology Vol. 32, No. 3, November 2013 44B44B44B44B
+++++++= ∑ ∑ ∑∑= =
−
==+ 21
1 1
1
11int 1 /
)0064.0003.0(030.0034.0)081.0(02.1 t t n
i
n
i
n
it
n
ier turn fststr x x x N N x xnT iiiiii H
F!:ure 3% S ree'$*+ +0 *e TSP 0+rmu" !+' +' E2 e" 7+r $*ee
F!:ure 4% S+"1er #! "+: +2 !' M! r+$+0 E2 e" 565
7*ere T r !$ *e R+u e !me 0+r +""e !': $+"!# 7 $ e,*r r!/, ' !$ *e 'um er +0 $er1! e /+!' $ !' *e r+u e,
1 / +iit x !$ *e !me re9u!re# + #r!1e 0r+m $er1! e /+!'
i + $er1! e /+!' 1+i , 1t x !$ *e !me re9u!re# +#r!1e 0r+m *e : r :e + *e 0!r$ $er1! e /+!' , '#
2t x !$ *e !me re9u!re# + #r!1e 0r+m *e " $ $er1! e/+!' H ' + *e : r :eFr+m E9u !+' H , *e !'- +7' +ur !me !$%
)0064.0003.0( int211
11 / er turnt t
n
it tr N N x x xT ii
′+′+++= ∑−
=+
H3
-
8/13/2019 In-town tour optimization of conventional mode for municipal solid waste collection
5/7
IIIINNNN----TOWNTOWNTOWNTOWNTTTTOUROUROUROUROOOOPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFCCCCONVENTIONALONVENTIONALONVENTIONALONVENTIONALMMMMODE FORODE FORODE FORODE FORMMMMUNICIPALUNICIPALUNICIPALUNICIPALSSSSOLIDOLIDOLIDOLIDWWWWASTEASTEASTEASTECCCCOLLECTIONOLLECTIONOLLECTIONOLLECTION,,,, A. S. AremuA. S. AremuA. S. AremuA. S. Aremu
Nigerian Journal of Technology Vol. 32, No. 3, November 2013 44=44=44=44=
I' H3 , N ur' !$ *e 'um er +0 ur'$ m #e #ur!': !'-
+7' m+1eme' '# N !' er !$ *e 'um er +0!' er$e !+'$ e' +u' ere# #ur!': !'- +7'm+1eme'T*e e9u!1 "e' +0 E9u !+' H3 , 7*e' !me !$+rre" e# 7! * #!$ ' e r 1e""e# ( *e +""e !+'1e*! "e @ !$%
)0064.0003.0(030.0 int211
11 / er turnd d
n
i
d tr N N x x xT
ii
′+′+++= ∑−
=+
H4
7*ere *e +'$ ' H5.535 !$ mu" !/"!er 7*! *+'1er $ +""e !+' #!$ ' e + !me,
1 / +iid
x !$ *e
#!$ ' e 0r+m $er1! e /+!' i + $er1! e /+!'1+i , 1d x !$ *e #!$ ' e 0r+m *e : r :e + *e
0!r$ $er1! e /+!' , '# 2d x !$ *e #!$ ' e 0r+m*e " $ $er1! e /+!' H ' + *e : r :e
1 / +iid
x, 1d x , '# 2d x re + !'e# 0r+m *e #!:! !8e#
m / +0 *e $ u#( re
....@@@@ E$ !m !+' +0E$ !m !+' +0E$ !m !+' +0E$ !m !+' +0 Fue" C+'$um/ !+'Fue" C+'$um/ !+'Fue" C+'$um/ !+'Fue" C+'$um/ !+' '# '#'#'# C+$ C+$ C+$ C+$T*e 0ue" +'$ume# ( *e +""e !+' 1e*! "e
#ur!': e * +ur 7 $ e$ !m e# u$!': 1 "ue$re/+r e# ( N:u(e' '# W!"$+' 6 . T*e 0ue"+'$ume# 7*e' *e +""e !+' 1e*! "e !$ $ !+' r( ur'$ '# !' er$e !+'$ 7 $ e$ !m e# $
3.6@L *r, 7*!"e *e 0ue" +'$ume# #ur!': !'- +7'+ur m+1eme' 7 $ re/+r e# $ 5.33@L m. T*e+ " m+u' +0 #!e$e" +'$ume# /er +ur HTD !$:!1e' $%
[ ]er turnd d n
i
d t N N x x xTD
ii int21
1
1
0064.0003.015.3335.01 /
′+′+++= ∑−
=
+
H@
T*e 1er :e /um/ /r! e +0 #!e$e" !' N!:er! !$ e'$ US 6.5@ /er "! re, *ere0+re *e +$ +0 0ue"+'$ume# ( *e +""e !+' 1e*! "e HTC !$%
t t TDTC 05.1= HB
3.3.3.3. Re$u" $ '# D!$ u$$!+'Re$u" $ '# D!$ u$$!+'Re$u" $ '# D!$ u$$!+'Re$u" $ '# D!$ u$$!+'T*e S+"1er ++" !' *e $ '# r# M! r+$+0 E2 e" 565 / :e re rr ':e# em/!r! " !'- +7' +ur$'# #!$/" (e# +/ !m!8e# !'- +7' +ur$ 0+r e *r+u e 7! *!' m!'u e$. T*e em/!r! " '# +/ !m!8e#!'- +7' +ur 0+r *e e' r+u e$ !$ /re$e' e# !' T "e6. A$ + $er1e# 0r+m T "e 6, *e +ur !' R+u e 6 !$*e $ me 0+r em/!r! " '# +/ !m!8e# +ur 7*!"eR+u e$ + 65 * 1e #!00ere' +ur $e9ue' e 0+rem/!r! " '# +/ !m!8e# +ur$. I' R+u e @, ?, < '#65, *e re+r#er!': +0 em/!r! " +ur$ + +/ !m!8e#+ur$ $ r e# r!:* 0 er "e 1!': *e : r :e. F+r!'$ ' e !' R+u e @, *e em/!r! " +ur $e9ue' eSP4=-SP@=-SP=?-SP 6-SP 5-SP6
-
8/13/2019 In-town tour optimization of conventional mode for municipal solid waste collection
6/7
IIIINNNN----TOWNTOWNTOWNTOWNTTTTOUROUROUROUROOOOPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFPTIMIZATION OFCCCCONVENTIONALONVENTIONALONVENTIONALONVENTIONALMMMMODE FORODE FORODE FORODE FORMMMMUNICIPALUNICIPALUNICIPALUNICIPALSSSSOLIDOLIDOLIDOLIDWWWWASTEASTEASTEASTECCCCOLLECTIONOLLECTIONOLLECTIONOLLECTION,,,, A. S. AremuA. S. AremuA. S. AremuA. S. Aremu
Nigerian Journal of Technology Vol. 32, No. 3, November 2013 44?44?44?44?
6666 3333 4444 @@@@ BBBB ==== ???? . A +$ $ 1!':$ +0US 5.66-US 6.B@ 1e*! "e # ( r!$!': 0r+m re#u e##!$ ' e, !me '# 0ue" +'$um/ !+' !$ "$+ e2/e e#+ rue 7*e' *e +/ !m!8e# +ur$ re!m/"eme' e#. A$ $u *, *e +u +me +0 *!$ $ u#($u::e$ $ *e !m/"eme' !+' +0 +/ !m!8e# +ur$ !'mu'! !/ " $+"!# 7 $ e +""e !+' $($ em$ e u$e +0*e /+$$! !"! !e$ +0 $+ !+-e +'+m! '#e'1!r+'me' " e'e0! $. A"$+ *e re$u" $ +0 *e !'-+7' +/ !m!8 !+' /r+ e$$ ' 0!'# u$e0u"//"! !+' 7*e' /" ''!': ++r#!' e# //r+ *0+r mu'! !/ " $+"!# 7 $ e +""e !+'.
T o u r
d i s t a n c e
( k m
)
Route number
Empirical tour
-
8/13/2019 In-town tour optimization of conventional mode for municipal solid waste collection
7/7