in this lesson, you will learn about: the need of a classification system the classification of...
TRANSCRIPT
In this lesson, you will learn In this lesson, you will learn about:about:
• The need of a classification system
• The classification of organisms into five kingdoms
Organisms also differ in size, shape and structure. However,
there are also various similarities between them. In order to study organisms in a more systematic
way, we need a system for organizing and naming them.
CLASSIFICATIONCLASSIFICATION
Variety of OrganismsVariety of Organisms
Can you find and name all the organisms in the above picture?
Diversity of OrganismsDiversity of Organisms
Estimates of the total numbers of species on Earth range from as low as 3 to 5 millions to around _____ millions.
This wide range of organisms is described as diversity of organisms.
100
Try to match the following organisms with the place where they live.
1. Shrimp A. rocky store2. Mushroom B. desert3. Penguin C. polar region4. Camel D. woodland5. Hermit crab E. river
The place or natural environment where each type of organism lives is called its habitat.
HabitatsHabitats
Terrestrial HabitatsTerrestrial Habitats
• Forests
• Grasslands
• Deserts
• “Land”
Aquatic HabitatsAquatic Habitats
• Oceans
• Lakes
• Rivers
• “Water”
To help identify and study organisms, biologists sort/classify them into groups.
Classification of OrganismsClassification of Organisms
Organisms with common characteristics and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring are put together in a group called species.
Similar species are put in a larger group called genera and so on.
Classification of OrganismsClassification of Organisms
The order of classification is as follows:
Kingdom Phylum Class Order
Family Genus Species
Organisms in the same species share more common characteristics than those in the same kingdom. That is, as we move from kingdom to species, the organisms will share more common characteristics.
Classification of OrganismsClassification of Organisms
Once classified, members from each group can be chosen as representatives
for detailed studies. Also, newly-discovered organisms can be studied by comparing them to those organisms that
have already been classified.
Each organism is given a scientific name according to the binomial system com
posing of two parts: the generic name and the specific name.
For example: the scientific name for Human is Homo sapiens
Classification of OrganismsClassification of Organisms
Classification of Organisms
In one way of classification, organisms are classified into two groups: animals and plants
What is the main difference between them? (Hints: consider their ways of obtaining food)
Plants make their own food but animals need to feed on others.
AnimalsAnimals vs.vs. PlantsPlants
• Usually move freely
• Feed on others
• Stop growing at a certain stage in life
• Usually stay at the same place
• Produce their own food
• Grow continuously throughout life
However, the classification of organisms into animals and plants is not enough.
There are exceptions and overlaps.
Nowadays, biologists group all organisms into FIVE kingdoms. This
classification system is based on:
• Cell structure
• Methods of obtaining or producing food
• Movement
• Ways of reproduction
• Etc.
The Five KingdomsThe Five Kingdoms
• Prokaryotes• Protoctists• Fungi• Plants• Animals