Working in Teams in Teams

Dr. Ken Dr. Ken HaycockFebruary, 2007

Six Phases of ProjectSix Phases of Project

EnthusiasmEnthusiasm DisillusionmentDisillusionment PanicPanic Search for the guiltySearch for the guilty Punish the innocentPunish the innocent Praise and honor the non-participantsPraise and honor the non-participants

OverviewOverview

definitionsdefinitions criteria for successcriteria for success stages in team growthstages in team growth common problemscommon problems other considerationsother considerations

Learners retain…Learners retain…

10% of what we READ10% of what we READ

20% of what we HEAR20% of what we HEAR

30% of what we SEE30% of what we SEE

50% of what we SEE and HEAR50% of what we SEE and HEAR

70% of what we TALK OVER WITH OTHERS70% of what we TALK OVER WITH OTHERS

80% of what we USE AND DO IN REAL LIFE80% of what we USE AND DO IN REAL LIFE

95% of what we TEACH SOMEONE ELSE95% of what we TEACH SOMEONE ELSEMargaret Trask, AIMA Training and Consulting, National Library of Australia, From a paper presented at the IFLA Preconference Margaret Trask, AIMA Training and Consulting, National Library of Australia, From a paper presented at the IFLA Preconference

on Continuing Education, 1993.on Continuing Education, 1993.

DefinitionsDefinitions

committeecommittee groupgroup teamteam

Definition of TeamsDefinition of Teams

A team is a small number of peopleA team is a small number of people

with complementary skillswith complementary skills

who are committed to a common purpose, who are committed to a common purpose,

common performance goals and common performance goals and

a common approach, a common approach,

and for which they hold themselves and for which they hold themselves mutually accountable.mutually accountable.

Katzenbach, J. & Smith, D. (1993). The wisdom of teams. Harvard Business School Press.Katzenbach, J. & Smith, D. (1993). The wisdom of teams. Harvard Business School Press.

My Contribution…My Contribution…

What strengths do I bring to my team?What strengths do I bring to my team? What behaviours of other members of What behaviours of other members of

the team really “push my buttons”?the team really “push my buttons”? What are the implications for how we What are the implications for how we

work together?work together? How do I need to modify my preferences How do I need to modify my preferences

for the sake of team performance?for the sake of team performance?

Criteria for SuccessCriteria for Success

clarity in team goalsclarity in team goals clearly defined roles/responsibilitiesclearly defined roles/responsibilities established ground rulesestablished ground rules clear communicationclear communication beneficial team behaviorsbeneficial team behaviors balanced participationbalanced participation

Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Joiner Associates.Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Joiner Associates.

Criteria for SuccessCriteria for Success

well-defined decision procedureswell-defined decision procedures awareness of both content and processawareness of both content and process productive use of conflictproductive use of conflict use of evidence use of evidence

[scientific approach][scientific approach]

an improvement planan improvement plan

Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Joiner Associates.Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Joiner Associates.

Stages of Team DevelopmentStages of Team Development

STAGE 1: FormingSTAGE 1: Forming

STAGE 2: StormingSTAGE 2: Storming

STAGE 3: NormingSTAGE 3: Norming

STAGE 4: PerformingSTAGE 4: Performing

Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Joiner Associates.Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Joiner Associates.

Leading Team DevelopmentLeading Team Development

STAGE 1: STAGE 1: FormingForming

STAGE 2: STAGE 2: StormingStorming

STAGE 3: STAGE 3: NormingNorming

STAGE 4: STAGE 4: PerformingPerforming

Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Joiner Associates.Joiner Associates.

Characteristics Characteristics of Eachof Each

Typical Typical Behaviors to Behaviors to ExpectExpect

Action Action RequiredRequired

The Search for ClarityThe Search for Clarity

What will be our goals?What will be our goals? What are the characteristics of an What are the characteristics of an

effective team leader?effective team leader? What are the other roles and What are the other roles and

responsibilities in our team?responsibilities in our team? What will be our ground rules?What will be our ground rules? What will be the consequences for What will be the consequences for

noncompliance?noncompliance?

Common ProblemsCommon Problems

founderingfoundering overbearing participantsoverbearing participants dominating participantsdominating participants reluctant participantsreluctant participants feuding membersfeuding members

Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Joiner Associates.Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Joiner Associates.

Common ProblemsCommon Problems

attributionattribution wanderlust: digressions and tangentswanderlust: digressions and tangents discounts and “plops”discounts and “plops” unquestioned acceptance of opinion as factunquestioned acceptance of opinion as fact rush to accomplishmentrush to accomplishment

Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Joiner Associates.Peter Scholtes et al. (1988). The team handbook. Joiner Associates.

Dysfunctional BehaviorsDysfunctional Behaviors

blockingblocking power-seekingpower-seeking recognition-seekingrecognition-seeking rejectingrejecting refusingrefusing clowningclowning

Managing ConflictManaging Conflict

decide if the conflict is worth confrontingdecide if the conflict is worth confronting Initiate the conflict in a non-defensive wayInitiate the conflict in a non-defensive way define the problem(identify specifics, listen, define the problem(identify specifics, listen,

agree to causes)agree to causes) generate feasible solution(s)generate feasible solution(s) plan the implementationplan the implementation plan an evaluationplan an evaluation

--Blanchard Training and Development--Blanchard Training and Development

Stages of Team DevelopmentStages of Team Development

STAGE 1: FormingSTAGE 1: Forming

STAGE 2: StormingSTAGE 2: Storming

STAGE 3: NormingSTAGE 3: Norming

STAGE 4: PerformingSTAGE 4: Performing

High PerformanceHigh Performance

PPurposeurpose EEmpowermentmpowerment RRelationship and Communicationelationship and Communication FFlexibilitylexibility OOptimal Performanceptimal Performance RRecognition and Appreciationecognition and Appreciation MMoraleorale

Team MeetingsTeam Meetings

so… why bother? so… why bother? planning/goals planning/goals roles/responsibilitiesroles/responsibilities logistics, ruleslogistics, rules assessmentassessment

In essence...In essence...

groups have patterns of developmentgroups have patterns of development development is not automaticdevelopment is not automatic groups can be normal or dysfunctionalgroups can be normal or dysfunctional healthy groups are the result of the positive healthy groups are the result of the positive

individual energy of motivated peopleindividual energy of motivated people group health is everyone's responsibilitygroup health is everyone's responsibility

--Blanchard Training and Development--Blanchard Training and Development

To your success...To your success...

characteristicscharacteristics criteriacriteria what to expectwhat to expect the processthe process monitor and adjustmonitor and adjust continuous improvementcontinuous improvement

More information?More information?Baldwin, D. & Migneault, R. (1996). Humanistic

management by teamwork: An organizational and administrative alternative for academic libraries. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.

Katzenbach, J. & Smith, D. (1993). The wisdom of teams. Cambridge: Harvard Business School Press.

Scholtes. P. et al. (1988). The team handbook: How to use teams to improve quality. Joiner Associates.

Wellins, R., Byham, W. & Dixon, G. (1994). Inside teams. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.