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AN ANALYSIS OF SENTENCE FRAGMENTS
IN STUDENTS’ WRITING OF 8TH
GRADE STUDENTS
OF MTs.N 2 KUDUS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013
By
Naili Sayyidatul Musfiroh
NIM 200932193
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2013
iii
AN ANALYSIS OF SENTENCE FRAGMENT
IN STUDENTS’ WRITING OF 8TH
GRADE STUDENTS
OF MTs.N 2 KUDUS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013
Skripsi
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Completing
the Sarjana Program English Education
By
Naili Sayyidatul Musfiroh
NIM 200932193
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATIONAL FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2013
iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Naili Sayyidatul Musfiroh (NIM: 200932193)
has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the examining
committee.
Kudus,
Advisor I
Agung Dwi Nurcahyo S.S, M.Pd
NIS.0610701000001187
Kudus,
Advisor II
Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M.Pd
NIS.0610701000001009
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd
NIP 19621219198703 1 001
v
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Naili Sayyidatul Musfiroh (NIM: 200932193)
has been approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement for the Sarjana
Degree of English Education
Kudus,
Skripsi Examining Committee:
Agung Dwi Nurcahyo S.S, M.Pd , Chairperson
NIS.0610701000001187
Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M.Pd , Member
NIS.0610701000001009
Drs. Muh. Syafei, M.Pd , Member
NIP.196204131988031002
Atik Rokhayani S.Pd, M.Pd , Member
NIS.0610701000001207
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd
NIP. 196212191987031001
vi
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Motto:
Man jadda wa Jada.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
A desire and patience are owned by someone who get success.
This final project is dedicated to:
Her beloved father and mother (Moh. Ali
Zuhdi, BA and Ummi Tumijah) for their
never ending support, help and pray for
her
Her lovely sisters and brothers
(Ummi,Aim, Rois and Aufa)
Her beloved advisors (1. Agung Dwi
Nurcahyo S.S, M.Pd, 2. Dra. Endang
Kusmaryati, M.Pd) for all advice which
have been given.
Her close friend ( Sri, Mila, Nurul, Rian,
Dina and Cuke)
vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Her special thanks must first and foremost go to Allah SWT the almighty
and the merciful for the blessing, health, miracle and inspiration given to me
leading to the completion of this final project and finishing my study.
Praise and invocation are also given to our Prophet, Muhammad SAW, who
is always hoped his intercession in the end of the world. Therefore, the writer
would express her appreciation to those who have helped her, namely:
1. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd. as the Dean of FKIP UMK.
2. Diah Kurniati, M.Pd., as the Head of EED FKIP UMK.
3. Agung Dwi Nurcahyo S.S, M.Pd as the first advisor for his best
suggestions, guidance, and motivation in finishing this final project.
4. Dra. Endang Kusmaryati, M.Pd as the second advisor for her valuable
help, guidance, correction, and suggestions for the completion of this final
project.
5. Her beloved parents, grandmother and grandfather who always give
support, motivation and moral encouragement to finish her study.
6. Her sisters and brothers, Ummi, Aim, Rois and Aufa, thanks for support
and affection..
7. Her beloved friends in Pena Kampus and BEM FKIP UMK. Thanks for
your love and affection, and friendship.
8. Her close friends ( Sri, Mila, Nurul, Rian, Dina and Cuke)
viii
9. Her friends in English Education Department and all people who have
helped her finishing this skripsi.
Those cannot be mentioned one by one for the support. The writer realizes
that this research paper is far from being perfect. Therefore, she hopes any
constructive criticism from the readers to make it better.
Kudus, September 2013
ix
ABSTRACT
Musfiroh, Naili Sayyidatul. 2013. An Analysis of Sentence Fragment in Students’ Writing of 8
th Grade students of MTs. N 2 Kudus in Academic Year
2012/2013.Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty.Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (I) Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, S.S,M.Pd., (2) Dra. Endang Kusmaryati,M.Pd.
Key words: Sentence Fragments, Students’ Writing
English writing is needed in communication because it is one of the way to
express the language. It also can express their idea, thoughts, opinion, and
feelings. Unfortunately many people of our country have less thinking in
appreciating English writing. In Junior high school, especially in MTs. N 2
Kudus, students learn how to compose students’ writing. As we know that
students’ writing usually as a parameter for the students about their ability in
writing. Students’ writing is short piece of written work done by students at
school. In making students’ writing, students should know about how to make a
good writing which is students should present the meaning of words that consist
of grammar, panctuation and spelling.The lack of ability in writing students’
writing caused many error, one of them is sentence fragment. A sentence fragment
does not have one of the following: a subject, verb, subject and verb and main or
independent clause, and it makes the reader confuse.
The objective of the research is to find out the types of sentence fragment
in students’ writing of 8th
grade students of MTs.N 2 Kudus in Academic year
2012/2013 and tofind out the contructions of sentence fragments.
In this research, the writer used descriptive qualitative research. The data
of the research was sentence fragmentand the data source of the research was
students’ writing ofthe 8th
grade students of MTs Negeri 2 Kudus.
The result of this study shows that types of sentence fragmentwas used;
the dominant sentence fragment is 24 sentences. It is in the sentence without
verb,then it is followed by a sentence without subject 11 sentences, and a sentence
without subject10sentences and a sentence without main or independent clause 9
sentences.The constructions of each types of sentence fragments which are found
in students’ writing by the 8th
grade students ofMTs.N 2 Kudus show that all of
the sentence fragment does not has a complete though.
In order to optimize the result, the teacher can give emphasis and
controling in writing a students writing in order that the students never write
sentences fragment anymore. It is also better if he or she can give more deeply
explaination to the students about the complete sentence and sentence fragment by
showing the rule of sentence and giving the example of complete sentence and
sentence fragment. While, the students should know the rule ofEnglish or
grammar, especially sentence fragment. It is very important to be known,so that
they can avoid it in writing.
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ABSTRAK Musfiroh, Naili Sayyidatul. 2013. An Analysis of Sentence Fragment in Students’
Writing of 8th
Grade students of MTs. N 2 Kudus in Academic Year 2012/2013.Skripsi:Jurusan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (I) Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, S.S,M.Pd., (2) Dra. Endang Kusmaryati,M.Pd.
Kata Kunci : Sentence Fragments, Tugas Karangan Siswa
Menulis dalam bahasa inggris dibutuhkan didalam berkomunikasi karena
itu merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengekspresikan suatu bahasa. Hal itu juga
dapat menunjukkan ide mereka, pemikiran, pendapat dan perasaan. Sayangnya
banyak orang dinegara kita yang memiliki pemikiran yang kurang dalam
memahami penulisan inggris. Di sekolah menengah pertama, khususnya di MTs.
N 2 Kudus, siswa-siswa belajar bagaimana membuat tugas karangan siswa.
Sebagaimana kita tahu bahwa tugas karanagn siswa sebagai parameter bagi
mereka dalam hal kemampuan di bidang menulis. Tugas karangan siswa adalah
potongan pendek karya tulis yang dilakukan oleh siswa di sekolah. Dalam
membuat tugas karangan, siswa harus tahu tentang bagaimana membuat tulisan
yang baik yang siswa harus menyajikan makna kata-kata yang terdiri dari tata
bahasa, ejaan. Kurangnya kemampuan dalam menulis karya tulis mahasiswa
menyebabkan banyak kesalahan, salah satunya adalah fragmen kalimat. Sebuah
fragmen kalimat tidak memiliki salah satu dari berikut: subjek, kata kerja, subjek
dan kata kerja dan klausa utama atau independen, dan itu membuat pembaca
bingung
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari tipe dari sentence fragment
yang terdapat pada tugas karangan siswadari siswa kelas 8 MTs.N 2 Kudus pada
tahun Akademik 2012/2013 dan untuk mengetahui struktur fragmen kalimat.
Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif.
Data dari penelitian ini adalah fragmen kalimat dan sumber data penelitian adalah
menulis siswa dari siswa kelas 8 MTs Negeri 2 Kudus.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis fragmen kalimat yang
dominan digunakan adalah 24 kalimat. Hal ini terdapat dalam kalimat tanpa kata
kerja, kemudian diikuti dengan kalimat tanpa subjek 11 kalimat, dan kalimat
tanpa subjek 10 kalimat dan kalimat utama 9 kalimat. Konstruksi masing-masing
jenis fragmen kalimat yang ditemukan dalam karangan siswa oleh siswa kelas 8
MTs. N 2 Kudus menunjukkan bahwa semua fragmen kalimat tidak memiliki
pemikiran yang lengkap sekalipun.
Dalam rangka mengoptimalkan hasil,guru dapat memberikan penekanan
dan pengendalian dalam menulis karangan siswa agar siswa tidak pernah menulis
kalimat fragmen lagi. Hal ini juga lebih baik jika guru bisa memberikan
penjelasan lebih mendalam kepada siswa tentang kalimat lengkap dan kalimat
fragmen dengan menunjukkan aturan kalimat dan memberikan contoh kalimat
lengkap dan fragmen kalimat. Sementara, para siswa harus mengetahui aturan
bahasa Inggris atau tata bahasa, terutama fragmen kalimat. Hal ini sangat penting
untuk diketahui, sehingga mereka bisa menghindarinya dalam menulis
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER .............................................................................................................. i
LOGO ................................................................................................................. ii
TITLE ................................................................................................................ iii
ADVISOR'S APPROVAL ................................................................................ iv
EXAMINERS' APPROVAL ............................................................................ v
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ......................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................ vii
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... ix
ABSTRAKS ....................................................................................................... x
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................. xi
LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................
CHAPTERI INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Research ............................................................... 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ...................................................................... 5
1.3 Objective of the Research ..................................................................... 5
1.4 Significance of the Research ................................................................. 6
1.5 Scope of the Research ........................................................................... 6
1.6 Operational Definition .......................................................................... 7
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Sentence ................................................................................................ 8
2.1.1 Types of Sentence ................................................................................. 9
2.1.2 Part of Sentence .................................................................................... 10
2.1.3 Contruction of sentence ........................................................................ 14
2.2 Sentence Fragment ................................................................................ 14
2.3 Types of Sentence Fragment ................................................................. 20
2.3.1 A Sentence without Subject .................................................................. 22
2.3.2 A Sentence without (Finite) Verb ......................................................... 22
2.3.3 A Sentence without Subject and ((Finite) Verb .................................... 23
2.3.4 A Sentence without Main or Independent Clause................................. 24
2.4 Writing .................................................................................................. 24
xii
2.5 Writing Process ..................................................................................... 25
2.6 Students Writing ................................................................................... 27
2.6.1 Genre ................................................................................................... 27
2.6.2 Types of Genre ...................................................................................... 27
2.7 Teaching Writing in MTs Negeri 2 Kudus ........................................... 28
2.8 Previous Research ................................................................................. 29
2.9 Theoritical Framework.......................................................................... 30
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH
3.1 Design of the Research ......................................................................... 31
3.2 Data and Data Source............................................................................ 32
3.3 Procedure of Collecting Data ................................................................ 32
3.4 Technique of Analyzing Data ............................................................... 33
CHAPTER IV FINDINGOF THE RESEARCH
4.1 Types of Sentence Fragments Found in the Students’ writing of 8th
GradeStudents of MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 . 35
4.2 Contructions of Setence Fragments Found in the Students’ writing of
8th
Grade Students of MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2012/2013.... ......................................................................................... 40
4.2.1 Contructions of Sentence Fragments Types 1 (a Sentence without
Subject) Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th Grade Students of
MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 .............................. 41
4.2.2 Contructions of Sentence Fragments Types 2 (a Sentence without
Subject) Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th Grade Students of
MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 .............................. 42
4.2.3 Contructions of Sentence Fragments Types 3 (a Sentence without
Subject) Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th Grade Students of
MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 .............................. 44
4.2.4 Contructions of Sentence Fragments Types 1 (a Sentence without
Subject) Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th Grade Students of
MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 .............................. 45
xiii
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION
5.1 Sentence Fragment Found in Students Writng of 8th
Grade Students
ofMTs.N 2 Kudus ................................................................................. 47
5.2 Contruction of Sentence Fragment Found in Students’ Writing .......... 50
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
6.1 Conclusion ............................................................................................... 56
6.2 Suggestion ............................................................................................... 57
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
STATEMENT
CURRICULUM VITAE
xiv
LIST OF TABLES
Table page
2.1.3 Construction of Sentence ................................................................... 14
4.1 Types of Sentence Fragments Found in the Students’ writing of 8th
Grade Students of MTs.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2012/2013 ........................................................................................... 36
4.2.1Contructions of Sentence Fragments Types 1 (a Sentence without
Subject) Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th
Grade Students of
MTS.N 2Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013. ....................................... 42
4.2.2Contructions of Setence Fragments Types 2 (a Sentence
withoutVerbFound in the Students’ Writing of 8th
Grade Students
of MTS.N 2Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 ........................ 43
4.2.3Contructions of Setence Fragments Types 3 (a Sentence Without
Subject and Verb Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th
GradeStudents of MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2012/2013 ........................................................................................... 45
4.2.4 Contructions of Setence Fragments Types 4 (a Sentence Without
Subject and Verb Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th
GradeStudents of MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2012/2013 ........................................................................................... 46