in chemical, biological and radiological warfareflame warfare materiel 240 627 toxic cw munitions...

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104302

THE U.S. ARMY RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

in

CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL and RADIOLOGICAL WARFARE

‘ CUSSYCATK)N CANCELLED f isca for

I year 1 959

1 Location .. . c1L) Awe--

- - . , 1 . _ - . .

prepared by U.S. ARMY CHEMICAL CORPS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT COMMAND

WASHINGTON 25, D.C. .

11 DECEMBER 1958

COPY 7 3 of 100 COPIES 11 DECEMBER 1958

material cnnt:);?; izfcrrr.a+i

rancrnission .

TABLE OF CONTENTS

- TILE U.S. ARMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM IN CHEMICAL, BlOLOGlCAL AND RADIOLOGICAL

WARFARE {CBR) - FISCAL kFAR 1959 Page Nuder

3 6 9

9 13 i5 13 18 21 25 2:

2 c

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT'D)

Combat Surveillance Countermeasures (Non-Electronic) CW-BW Protective Materiel Environmental F i e l d Testing, DPG CBR F i e l d Testing, DPG

Other Contracto

2

Paged e= 1 85 86 90 91 92

3

The 0. S. Army Research and Development Program in CBR

I

F i r c a l Year 1959

INTRODUCTION

'4 The Chemical Corps Research and Development P rogrm f o r FY 1959 is an increment in the progressive execution of t he long range program which ha8 been establ ished f o r the eventual achievement of goals t o provide a capab i l i t y in these f ie lds . the ear ly completion of chemical and biological munitions combinations fo r l imited and general w a r appl icat ions, to provide a proper balance between rerearch and development, and to accomplish the necessary research to support t h e fu ture development of CBR systems t o provide, and be cons is ten t v i t h , nev concepts of warfare. The current program emphasizes the provision of CBB mater ie l which w i l l explo i t the pa r t i cu la r po ten t i a l of these s y s t e m f o r use in l imited w a r . set fo r th by the Chief, Research and Development, Department of the Army.

Thio program has been t a i lo red t o provide f o r

The program is designed t o conform with the guidance

A l imited amount of work is accomplished f o r and funded by a

which i n FY 1959 i r expacted t o amount to approximately $2 mill ion, so- other t an the Chief, Research and Development, Department of the Army

less than in FY 38. Therm resources, provided by such agencies a s the' it Force, the Navy and other Department of the Army and Defense agencies, are fo r s p e c i f i c purpose8 delineated by these ageacier.

ncier

202 I (II The curren t Department of the Army level o f funding f i r the CBB

RZsearch and Development Program for FY 1959 is $35,153,300. from t h i s ernount $746,300 provided Eor spec ia l purposes such 88: a revolving fund fo r "longevity funding of ba8ic research contracts ; funds f o r t he c o q l e t i o n of the Fp 58 Program, and a Special Purpose Contract fo r the Chief, Research and Development, Army," the n e t funding level in support of the Fy-59 Department of Armg CBB rerearch and dcvelopment program is $34,407,000. Although t h i s is approximately $1.9 mil l ion g rea t e r than the preceding f i s c a l year, the increase is more than o f f s e t by pay increases of about $1.6 mil l ion granted to c l a s s i f i e d employees, increases to Wage Board employees (blue c o l l a r workers,) and increasing cos t s f o r cont rac t work, suppl ies and materiala.

Deducting

Prop;ram Based on Long Range Objectives and Goals

e :he U. S. Army Chemical Corps, i n order t o assure the proper o r i en ta t ion of i t s research and development program based on w e l l defined goals, has es tabl ished "The U. S. Annp Chemical Corps Research and . Development Program." object ives , program guidance and operating po l i c i e s , and covers a period through FY 1970. :, The object ive8 and goals contained there in are based upon a h d i n g lbye l of approximately $32 t o $35 mil l ion per year. da t e o f achievemett o f a sa t i s f ac to ry CBR capab i l i t y has not been established

This long range program includes technical

The

*.-p!l#Jq for t h i s l e v e l of funding. 4

..

. Research vr Development &The FX 59 Chemical Corpr Research and Development Program may be

broken-down a8 follow8 :

Rerearch $13 , 09 7,000

572 in support of rerearch, and

43% fo r development

4 Development $ 9,899,000

Operation and Management o f ~11,411,000

$34,407,000 Special Purpolre Funds 746,300

lac i 1 it i e8

$35,153,300

@Since fund8 fo r operation and management of f a c i l i t i e s are in d i r e c t support of the research and development e f fo r t , i t w i l l be noted tha t the program i r divided:

The Research Effor t

4 Succesrful attainment of u. s. superfor i ty i n CBR warfare readiner r depends heavily upon new knowledge derived from a s t rong program of rerearch. Therefore, the g rea t e s t e f f o r t i n the CBR R6rD program I8 in research, as evidenced by the a l loca t ion of funds.

Major empharir in the FY 59 research program is on:

a. New agents, and mean8 f o r t h e i r dissemination;

b. Medical aspects and biological sciences research;

c . Rapid warning and protection;

Development

As new CBR agents are provided from the research program, i t is necessary t o develop production methods, and t o provide our Armed Forces with munitions capable of exploit ing the new agent po ten t ia l . the Armed Forces must be furnirhed with defenlrive equipment required for the h igher level8 of protection necessaf l ly rsqufrred..

Further,

S

To meet t h i s need, the development programo i n f iscal year 1959, empha sizes :

a. Development of guided missile and b a l l i s t i c rocke t d e l i v e r y systems f o r CBR;

b. Dewelopment.of area t o x i c r o c k e t s o land mines, shells, g e n e r a t o t r . a a d . l a r g e area coverage systems;

Development of warning, d e t e c t i o n and p r o t e c t i v e materiel; c.

d. Development of procedures and equipment f o r Nuclear Warfare Defense;

e.

In-House vs C o n t r a c t

*In view of t h e t y p e of work involved, and t h e type of fac i l i t i es

FY 59 P ~ O Q T ~ t h e breakdown of funds between in-house and c o n t r a c t work, is

required, a l a r g e p ropor t ion of the CBB Research and Development Progra must n e c e s s a r i l y be accomplished w i t h i n government f ac i l i t i e s . . I n the

as follows:

Field t e s t i n g of CBB materiel.

x In-House C o n t r a c t

$32.0 m i l l i o n * 2.4 m i l l i o n - $34.4 m i l l i o n

93% _7%

100%

&e c u r r e n t c o n t r a c t program includes 114 c o n t r a c t s , , 74 of which a r e i n t h e r e s e a r c h area and 40.in development.. Sixty-seven are placed w i t h u n i v e r s i t i e s and non-profit oIganizat ionso .and 47 are wi th i n d u s t r i a l concerns.

(U)Although t h e c o n t r a c t program has been l a r g e r i n p r i o r y e a r s , t h e l e v e l i a F Y 59 prov ides t h e best balance between in-house and c o n t r a c t w i t h i n r e sources a v a i l a b l e .

Personnel

(0) Personnel engaged i n the in-house e f f o r t of the CER Research and Development Program c o n s i s t of a m i l i t a r y - c i v i l i a n team of approximately 5100 persons. men w i t h advanced degrees i n t he sc i enceso and c i v i l i a n p ro fes s iona l swi th advanced degrees , long experience i n their s p e c i a l t i e s and high s tanding i n the s c i e n t i f i c community.

* $536 thousand for longevity f u d i n g of research contracts not included.

Included therein a r e highly qual i f ied o f f i c e r s and enlisted

5

6 cc

The personnel in the CBR Research and Development Program for FY 59 may be broken down as follows:

Civil Ian Rofess iona l 929

(PBb - 183) (MS & . . BS - 746)

2861 3790 - Other

Military Off icer 215 Enl is ted 1131

(Professional - 587) 1346

Total - 5136 T I Z ~ pro== i n BEST AVAfmBtE COPY ).1 order to f a c i l i t a t e a more d e t a i l & e x a d n a S f 6 . ofthe FY S9 CSR

Research and Development R i r q r a m t-4 is dk luded i n the following pages more extensive infomatian en the program. Wick reference t o the dol la r f igurer indicated under the heading "PROPOSED" on these pagesD it w i l l be

- n o t e d that tbe t o t a l program amomts tta'$l25,150,000 per ann- as proposed by the Chanical Corps i n i ts presentation t o t h e special panel of President 's Science Advisory Committee qt the Emcu.ive Offices of t he President on f

been s t a f f e d a t Department of the Army level. October 1958. This fundfng level , as prqosed by the Ckemical Corps, ha

PROJECT SUMMARY

Research Program

Biological Warfare Laboratories (BWL) Research Program . PROJECT TITLE

BW Munitions Research V i r a l & Rickettsial Agent Research Bacterfal & Fungal Agent Research EntomologLcal BW Research Resrarck on BW Rapid Warnbg System BW Agent Process Research Protec$,tve Measures fo r Personnel Engaged

BW Asse sszent Technology Risk to Armed Forces from BW Attack Aerobiological Research

in BZ Program

Sub-Total BNL Eesearck

*PRESENT (Thousands)

$ 1,400 6 50 750 120 250

1,495

880 280

1 c 000 1,160 3,985

PROPOSED (Thousands)

$ 4,264 5 , 100 CI , 880 3 ." 500 1 220 32000

3,150 1 :190 2 350 L.410

33,074 L_

* AS of Octcber 1958.

6

Chemical Warfare Laboratories (CWL) Reoearc Pronam

PROJECT TITLE

CW Agent Dissemination Research CW Agent R e s ear ch Flame 61 Incendiary Research Medical Aspects of CW CW Biological Sciences Research Health Hazards of Mili tary

CW Protec t ive Research Chemical Corps Materials Research

Chemicals

Sub-Total, CWL Research

PRESENT (Thousands)

$ 755 1,195

45 652

1,245

10 185 90

4,177 -

PROPOSED JThousandr)

$ 2,720 8,850

31 7 2,370 5,610

280 640 370

2 i 3 3

Du~way Proving Ground (DPG) Research Progran!

Large Area P a r t i c u l a t e Cloud Travel 200

Cloud Physics of Toxicologicai Warfare, DPG 300

Ecology & Epidemiology, DPG 185 250 CBB Field T e s t Technology, DPG -

Sub-Total, DPG Research 9 35

822

640 1,120 5,582

TOTAL RESEARCH 13,097 59,813

.

DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

Biological Warfare Laboratories (BWL) Development Program

PROJECT TITLE PRESENT PROPOSED (Thousands) (Thousands)

BW Warheads f o r Rockets &Missiles $ 150 $ 992 Special BW Operations 400 643

BW Product and Process Engineering 20 5 824 BW Agent Process Development 773 2 500

Sub-To tal, BWL Development 2,113 8,009

BW Munitions Development 385 1,050

Ant i-Crop Warfare - 200 2 B 000 Chemical Warfare Laboratoriee (CWL) Development Program

CW Warheads f o r Rockets & Missiles 1,515 2 , 900 Flame Warfare Materiel 240 627 Toxic CW Munitions 1,210 2,910 Signalling 6t Screening Smoke8 25 466 Engineering Design, Specifications

and Testing 255 855 CW Agent Process Development 360 4,500 CW Warning and Detection 465 1,600 Nuclear Warfare Defense 570 2,250 Combat Survei l lance Countermeasures

(non-el ec t) 60 2 30 CW-BW P ro tec t ive Materiel - 900 3.100

Sub-To tal, CWL Development 5,600 19 , 438 Dugway Proving Ground (DPG) Development Program

Environmerrtal F i e ld Testing, DPG 200 CBR Field Test ing, DPG 1,986

Sub-Total, DPG Development 2, I86 TOTAL DEVELOPMENT 9 , 899

11,411 Operation and Management of F a c i l i t i e s Extra Continental S i t e

810 5,580 6,390

33,837 20 9 000 11 500

GRAND TOTAL 34,407

8

125,150

9 -.

PROJECT DETAILS

1. (U) Pro jec t T i t l e : BW Munitions Research

2. (U) Purpose: The d is t r ibu t ion of BW agents in optimum concentration over var ious arear, geometries and types of t a r g e t s ie necessary t o exploi t the inhe-rent advantages of BW agents. object ive can bes t be obtained by an imaginative program of specialized research in dissemination and dispersion concepmfor which the project provider.

Methods f o r accomplishing t h i s

3. (U) Objective: To provide methods of maximum effect iveness f o r the dissemination of BW agents from munitions, t he dispers ion of munitions from del ivery systems, and t o determine t h e technica l f e a s i b i l i t y of various po ten t i a l BW weapon systems.

4. (U) Funding: Present $ 1 4 0 0 ~

Proposed $426413

5 . 4 Scope: This program includes: a. Dissemination Research on BW Agentr - Research on continuous

generator concepts f o r both l iquid and dry agents which w i l l provide a bas is f o r l a r g e a rea munition design. Research i n explosive generation i n bomblet type munitions f o r missi le del ivery.

b. Research on BW Munitions Concepts - Research is proceeding on operational and t echnica l f e a s i b i l i t y s tud ies on BW sprays and s e l f - dispersing bomblets. area dry agent disseminators. progress u t i l i z i n g agents P. tu larensis , B r - s u i s and Q fever t o estab- l i s h source s t rengths and in fec t iv i ty .

Preliminary designs a r e being completed f o r large Tests u t i l i z i n g ro t a t ing shapes a r e i n

c. Assessment of Munitions - Approximately 30% of the funds i n the Munitions Research Pro jec t a re expended f o r t he evaluation of munitions prototypes described i n a and b above.

6 . Contract Program i n Support of t h i s Pro lec t :

a. (1) Contract T i t l e : Research Studies on the Physics and Bio- physics of Explo s i r e Dissemination

(2) Contractor: George Washington University

(3) Scope: The developent of information concerning physical and biophysical phencmena which a f f e c t d i saedna r ion of viable aerosols by explosive means.

(4) Date of I n i t i a t i o n : June 1956

(5) Date of Expiration: May 1959

( 6 ) Amount Funded t o Date: $545,000

(U) Prolect T i t l e : BW Munitions Research

FY 59 Funding Requirement: $110,000

' P r i n c i p a l Investigator: D r . Benjamin B. Van Era

Theoretical Models f o r BW Target Effec- t ivenes s

Contractor: Leland Stanford Jr. University

Scope:

Contract T i t l e :

To develop concepts and theoret ical models appro- p r i a t e t o the quant i ta t ive appraisal of t a r g e t effectiveness of BW weapons systems with emphasis on the establishment of c r i t e r i a f o r the development of optimal BW munitions.

Date of I n i t i a t i o n : August 1956

Date of Expiration: September 1959

Amount Funded t o Date: $232,400

FY 59 Funding Requirement: None

Principal Investigators: D r . Ph i l ip Leighton and D r . W i l l i a m Perkins

Wind Tunnel Tests of F l e t t n e r Shapes Contract T i t l e :

Contractor: University of Minnesota

Scope: Conduct wlnd tunnel tests t o measure the aero- dynamic s t a b i l i t y and performance parameters of some self-dispersing F l e t t n e r shapes.

Date of I n i t i a t i o n : June 1957

Date of Expiration: June 1959


FXnD ' Funding Requirement : None

Principal Investigator: M r . Richard DeLeo

Contract T i t l e : LOW Alt i tude Liquid BW Spray System

Contractor: North Ame ri can Aviation, Incorporated

10

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(U) Project T i t l e : BW Munitions Research -3 i-1- -_..

(3)-- Scope: Investigate and e s t a b l i s h the cha rac t e r i s t i c s of a high flow spray system f o r l iqu id antipersonnel agents using high speed delivery vehicles a t low al t i tude6 t o cover downwind ta rge t area6 of 1,000 square miler.

(4) Date of In i t ia t ion : December 1957

(5) Date of Expiration: November 1958

(6) Amount Funded to Date: $285,836

(7) FY 59 Funding Requirement: $18,564

( 8 ) Project Officer: D r . Keyser

e. (1) Contract T i t l e : Temperature, Alt i tude and Humidity Test Chamber

(2) Contractor: Tennp Engineering, Incorporated

(3) Scope: Develop, fabr ica te , del iver , i n s t a l l and t e s t 9 one (1) twp-erature, a l t i t u d e and humidity t e s t chamber ana associated equipment i n accordance with specif icat ions.

(4) Date of In i t ia t ion : June 1956

( 5 ) Date of Expiration: August 1958

(6) Amount Funded t o Date: $88,185

(7) FY 59 Funding Requirement: None

(8) Project Officer: M r . G . Mader

f . (1) Contract T i t l e : Research i n Assessment Technology

( 2 ) Contractor: Amour Research Foundation of I l l i n o i s I n s t i t u t e of Technology

(3) Scope: Conduct comprehensive invest igat ions of spec i f i c problems i n assessment technology.

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : March 1958

( 5 ) Date of Expiration: March 1959

(6) Amount Funded to Date: $93,760 c

I

(U) Prolcct Title: BW Munitions Research

(7) FY 59 Flmding Requirement: None

(8) Project Officer: Mr. L. Idoinc

.. I3

1. (a) Pro jec t T i t l e ; Viral and Eicke t t r i a l Agent Berearch

2. e Purporer To obtain v i r a l and t i c k e t t r i a l agcntr t h a t are l e t h a l o r i n c a p ~ c l t a t i n g when ured in an offenrive veapon in BW. There agent6 must a h 0 exh ib i t cha rac t e r i r t i c r of r torage r t a b i l i t y , i n fec t ive dore, k o s o 1 r t a b i l i t y , pathogenerir, rerirtmca t o therapeutic materialr and capab i l i t y of being produced and dirraninated appropriately t o t h e i r intended m i t i o n and l o g i r t i c ryrtem.

3. e f fec t ivener r in Biological Warfare.

(U) Objective; To obtain v i r a l and r i c k e t t s i a l agcntr having maximum

4. (v) Pundinat Present S650M

5. fl Scope: ~ h i r program includes: a. Viral and B icke t t r i a l Agent Laboratory Berearch; Collection6

of strain6 of Variola and prmara t ion .of rerd rtockr have been completed, and r torage r t a b i l i t y rtudie; m d aerorol i n fec t iv i ty r tud ie r have- been r ta r tad . ex tear iva ly ar to aerosol and biological propertier.

daponrtratcd a d Venezuelan gquine Encephalit ir (NU) i r being adapted t h i r method of production. o r Variola i r being attempted. Methods f o r the i r o l a t i o n of var iant6 of NU have been accomplirhed, and concentration and pu r i f i ca t ion methods are being rtudied.

In a l l r tud ie r re la t ing to NU, the technique w i l l be applicable t o m a n y o t h e r virurer.

An optimum r t r a i n of Variola vi11 be relectad and rtudied mora

! Production of t i r r u e cellr by submerged t i r s u e cu l tu re had ba Adaptation o f Japanere B. Encephal i t i r (AX? b. Se lec t ion of Candidate V i r a l and B icke t t r i a l Agentr:

Screening on Variola, AN, and Eartern Equine Encephal i t i r (ZX) has been completed and screening of ZX a6 an arthropod-tranemitted agent s t a r t ed . Screening o f dengue and yellow fever har a160 been i n i t i a t e d . Screening on Rocky Mmntain Spotted Fever ar an aero601 v u completed and the informatiom is being evaluated.

6. Contract Program in Support of This Prolect:

(1) Contract T i t l e : Investigation of Submerged Culture Techniques

(2) Contractor: Trurteer of the University of Pennsylvania

(3) Scope: Conduct investigations of submerged cu l tu re techniques f o r propagation of mmnnalian cells and an adaptation of there techniques t o cu l t iva t ion of viruses and r icke t t 8 iae

I I

Proicct T i t l e :

(4) Date - of Inltlatlon: June 1955 (5) Date of Bxpirhtlon: May 1360

Viral and Klckcttrial Agent Kerauch

(6) bmount Funded to Data: $337,075

(7) FY 59 Funding Requirement:

(8) Principal Investigator: Dr. W l l l i c r m WLIminr

14

1. (U) Pro iec t T i t l e : Bacterial and Fungal' Agent Research

2. &Purpose: To obtain bac te r i a l and fungal agents tha t a r e lethal or incapac i ta t ing when used as a component of an offensive weapon i n Bw. These agents must a l s o exhibi t cha rac t e r i s t i c s of storage s t a b i l i t y , infec- t i v e dose, aerosol s t a b i l i t y , pathogenesis, res i s tance t o therapeutic materials, and capabi l i ty of being produced and disseminated appropriate t o t h e i r intended munition and l o g i s t i c system.

I

!

3. effect iveness i n Biological Warfare.

(0) Objective: To obtain bac ter ia l and fungal agents having maximum

4. (0) Funding: R e s e n t $750M

Prooosed $4880X

5. #Scope: This program includes t h e following:

a. Bacterial and Fungal APents Laboratory Research - Studies are i n progress t o obtain new agents which w i l l provide greater l e tha l i t y , short- ened incubation periods, aerosol s t a b i l i t y adapted t o long range aercreol

b i l i t y and p red ic t ab i l i t y t o BW weapons systems. e s t ab l i sh t h e minimum lethal dose and protect ion afforded by the var

cloud travel, and other properties giving grea te r effectiveness, f l

vaccines f o r tularemia in man, and s tudies on genetics, aerosol and s orage s t a b i l i t y , antibody resis tance, nu t r i t i ona l requirements and factors a f fec t - ing v i ru lence are in progress on such candidate agents as p. pestls, 1. anthracia and E. Pseudomallei and E. immitis?

Project Whitecoat'? to- 7- b. Select ion of Candidate Bacterial and Fungal Agents - It is required

that disease-producing bac ter ia l and fungal agents not ye t researched be examined for t h e i r po ten t ia l as BW agents. b i l i t y s t u d i e s are conducted on promising candidates.

6. #Contract Program i n Support of this Project:

Literature reviews and feas i -

a. (1) Contract-Title: Genetic Aspects of Host Parasi te Interact tons

(2) Contractor: Rutger's S t a t e University .'

'(3) Scope: Conduct invest igat ions of the in te rac t ion between mnmnnlian t i s s u e cu l tures (monocytic) and various genetic types of selected bac te r i a l species.

(4) Date of In i t ia t ion : September 1957

( 5 ) Date of Expiration: August 1959

15

Project T i t l e : Bacterial and Fungal Agent Research

( 6 ) Amount Funded: $31,980

(7) Fy 1959 Funding Requirements:

-

( 8 ) Principal Investigator: Dr. Werner Bratan

b. (1) Contract T i t l e : Studies on Malleomyces Group and other Organ- isms (ONE Contract NR-ONR29536)

(2) Contractor: University of Cal i fomla

(3) Scope: Conduct s tudies on rnalleomyces group and other organisms t o include: (1) maintenance of stock s t r a i n s and s t r a i n select lon, (2) serologlcal tests for ldent i f ica- t i o n of strains, (3) aerosol i n f e c t i v i t y of various strains in cer ta in animBls, (4) a e r o s t a b i l i t y of various organisms i n the Dynamic Aerosol Toroid.

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : October 1957

(5 ) Date of Expiration: October 1959


( 7 ) FX 1959 Funding Requirements:

(8 ) Principal Investigator: Dr . Carl Lnmanna - Dr. dalph Mukenfuse $100,000

16

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1. (U) Prolect T i t l e : Ent&logical BW Rcrcarch

Purpore: Effor t under t 1 i s project i r necerrary t o obtain rrrd- arthropod vector6 most su i t ab le f o r nk l i t a ry purposer.

Entomolagical BU &kea porr ible the ure of certain agents and pores defeurive p r o b l k which makc i t a valuable complement t o 8t?r01101 type BU weapon r j r t a k .

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I

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3. ef fec t ivener r f o r eutoiological BW.

(U) Obllectire: To obtain agent8 and vectors having maxi&

4. (U) FuadLna: Present Propored

5. 4 Scope: Arthropod vector rystenk afford a mean6 of BtJ not dependent on the re rp i ra tory route of infect ion. The f e a s i b i l i t y of ouch weapon rjrtcdr h8r been ertablirhed,. but research i r required t o extend i t 8 captrbi l i t ier t o m d m t n n potent ia l . Studier a r e in progrerr 011 the effect6 of envirox&ent q d delivery syst&s on uninfeeted inrec t r , maor infect ion and transmission studies, k p l o y i n g yellow fever, Eastern equine encephal i t is and E . P e r t i r fever and mosquito-Eartern equine encephal i t is Is in progrerr. Variour f i e l d t r i a l r t o t e s t operational concept8 for delivery a r e an important par t of t h i s project.

6. (. Contract P r o g r k in support of t h i s Project:

$120n $3500M

in appropriate vectorr. Type c l a s s i f i c a t i o a of the mosquito yellow

a. (1) Contract T i t l e : Field Testing of Arthropods

(2) Contractor: U. S. Public Health Service (CDC)

(3) Scope: P e r f o i invest igat ion t o d e t e d n e (1) r a t e and extent of dispersion of spec i f ic numberr ef mbsquitocs released in c i t i e s , (2) effectiveness of released mosquitoes in b i t i n g h& beings, (3) the vector effectiveness of &squitoer i n transmitt ing selected agents, (4) a r s i r t in the execution and assessment of air drops.and o ther f i e l d t e s t s .

( 6 ) Date of I n i t i a t i o n : Ju ly 1954

(5) Date of Expiration: June 1959

( 6 ) &unt Funded t o Date: $90,000

(7) PY 59 Funding R e q u i r m k t : $20,000

( 8 ) Principal Invert igator : D r . Herbert S. Schoof

I 4 . !

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1. (U) Projec t T i t l e : Research on BW Rapid Warning Systems

2. Since BW agents in aerosols of operational quant i t ies are not detec tab le by human senses or by known instruments, warning device providing Lnrtantaneowr warning is required in order that personnel may employ defensive equipmest 4n a t h l y manner.

(U)Purpose:

3. rapid warnfng of BW attack.

(U) Objective: To obtain a research prototype of a device t o provfde

Pr e8 ent $250M

Proposed $1220M

5. r l) Scope: This program Includes the following: a. Physical Principles fo r Protection -'There is no BW agent rapfd

warnLnn device ava i lab le which posses~ee a l l of the desirable characteristics. P r o t o G e s have been developed ;sing various pr inc ip les with varying degrees of success.

miniaturized instrment f o r p a r t i c l e ana lys i s and for aerosol c o l l e c t i and concentration is under development, as is a l s o a partichrome ana1yzer;r-

of protein by pyrolyses; infrared detection and fluorescent techniqu

(a bac te r i a l detector).

Examples are: a detector f o r pro te in virus; a rapid analysis

3' b. Bfolonical Pr inciple of Detection - Work is in progress on biological

pr inc ip les f o r rap id warning such as se lec ted metabollc processes and sero1og::- cal techniques including fluorescent antibody techniques.

6. # Contract Program in Support of t h i s Proiect: a. (1) Contract T i t l e : Investigations Leading t o the Mechanization of

Collection and Staining Procedures

(2) Contractor: Photomechanisms, hc .

(3) Scope: Develop and furnish a device capable of automatically transporting tape containing impacted pa r t i cu la t e matter, and t o be usable in conjunction with a scan- ning u n i t now being developed by the Polaroid Corp.


i

( 5 ) Date of Expiration: September 1959

I

.

Project T i t l e : Research on BW Rapid Warning System8

(6) b u n t Funded: $24,825

(7) PY 1959 Funding Requirements: None

(8) R i n c i p a l Investigator: Dr. Bolduan

- ;1C

b. (1) Contract T i t l e : Development of Methods fo r the Rapid Ident- i f i ca t ion of Bacteria by Means of Bacterio- Phage

(2) Contractor: Kansar State College

(3) Scope: Conduct studies, tests and experimental investigationr, 1 . to develop methods for the rapid iden t i f i ca t ion of

bac te r ia in pure and mixed cultures.

(4) Date of In i t ia t ion : Ju ly 1956

( 5 ) Date of Expiration: June 1959

(6) h u n t Funded: $45,000

(7) PY 1959 Funding Requirements: None

(8) R i n c i p a l Imrestlgator: Dr. A. Eissenstark

C. (1) Contract T i t l e : Investigation of t h e Use of Fluorescent Antibodies f o r t he Rapid Detection and Ident i f ica t ion of Bacteria

(2) Contractor: University of Maryland

(3) Scope: Conduct s tudies r e l a t i v e t o the detect ion and ident- i f i ca t ion of pathogenic bac ter ia by the use of flilores- cent antibodies .

(4) Date of Lnitiation: November 1956

(5) Date of Expiration: October 1959

(6) Amount Funded: $48,750

(7) FY 1959 Funding Requirements: None

(8) Principal Investigator: Dr. P. Arne Hansen

i

Projec t T i t l e : Research on BW Rapid Warning System

d, (1) Contract T i t l e : Investigations Leading t o the Development of a Continuous Protein Detector -

(2) Contractor: Mine Safety Appliances Company

(3) Scope: I w e a t i g a t e the development of a continuous proteln detector based upon pyrolysis pr inc ip les .

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : June 1957

( 5 ) Date of Expiration: April 1959


(7) FY 1959 Funding ReqULrement8: None

( 8 ) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: Mt. J.P. Strange

e. (1) Contract T i t l e : Design and Fabrication of the Scanner Pot t i o p of a Partichrome

(2) Contractor: Polaroid Corporation

(3) Scope: Design and f ab r i ca t e and furnish-f8e scanner portion of a partichrome.

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : April 1958

( 5 ) Date of Expiration: September 1959

( 6 ) Bmount Funded: $58,350


( 8 ) Principal Investigator: Tech. Sup. D r . E.R. Blout

c

1. (U) R o f e c t T i t l e : Bw Agent Process Research

2. ( 0 ) Purpose: The scale-up i n v e s t i g a t i o n s from r e s e a r c h l abora to ry t o product ion are necessary t o provide EM agent c a p a b i l i t y . search a t t h e l a b o r a t o r y l e v e l is economical s i n c e v a r i a b l e s can be s tud ied in the l a b o r a t o r y more e a s i l y and more quickly than in p i l o t p l an t s .

3. (U) Oblec t ive : To provide f o r l abora to ry r e sea rch on production processes i n o r d e r t o t r a n s l a t e l abora to ry techniques i n t o production po ten t i a Is.

4. (U) Funding: Pres en t Proposed

5. # Scope: Th i s program includes the following: P rocess Research on Viral and Rickettsial BW Agents - Details o f

the process f o r production of d r y Coxiel la burnet t i (OU) w i l l be studied. Dried 00 w i l l provide an i n c a p a c i t a t i n g agent f o r very l a r g e a r e a coverage of up t o 100,ooO square miles (20-50 f o l d increase over wet 00). a d d i t i o n , p r o c e s s r e s e a r c h w i l l provide more information f o r determining t h e product ion p o t e n t i a l of t i s s u e culture techniques f o r growing a l l v i including t h o s e which are now impossible t o grow. virus with greater virulence f o r man.

b. P rocess Research on Bacterial and Funqal Agents - Process v a r i a b l e s a f f e c t i n g a e r o s o l s of d r y E. t u l a r e n s i s (UL) w i l l be s tudied. chemical stabilizers w i l l be tested t o improve ae roso l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f t h e agent. Process research studies on dr i ed E. P e s t i s (LE) will be c a r r i e d out. agents w i t h high p o t e n t i a l source and low decay r a t e .

Process re-

$ i w n $3000M

a.

I n

s, { This should produce Various

The s u c c e s s of process r e s e a r c h w i l l lead t o development o f ' d r y Bw

1

C. B i o l o a i c a l Enaineer ina Research - A spray d r y e r w i l l be used t o determine t h e f e a s i b i l i t y of drying a s u i t a b l e d i spe r sed suspension of agent t o p a r t i c l e s of 1-3 microns in diameter. of spray d r y i n g w i l l enhance t h e p o s s i b i l i t y of producing d r y EW agen t s i n more e f f e c t i v e concen t r a t ions and lower c o s t s through ano the r f u n d a - mental approach t o drying of usable BW agents. agen t s and s imulan t s w i l l be produced t o support r e s e a r c h e f f o r t s of the BW' program as required.

A fundamental understanding

In a d d i t i o n t o t h e above,

d. Assessment of WY Aaents Process Research - Viral and bacterial agents i n p r o c e s s research w i l l be evaluated i n t e s t sphe res and tanks using f ixtures and prototype munitions. necessary i n a s s e s s i n g the process p o t e n t i a l f o r the a g e n t s in t h e program.

Evaluations of t h e agen t s i s

Project T l t l e : BW Agent Process Research I

. i

. . . . .

. .

6. &Contract Program i n Support of this Project:

a. (1) Contract T i t l e : Design f o r a Spray Drying Syetem for Beat Sens i t lve Mater ia l a,

(2) Contractor: Regents of t he University of Wfeconsh

(3) Scope: Prepare tke design criteria for a spray drying eystan for heat s ens i t i ve materials, in su f f i c i en t de t a i l t o allow for the design and construction of suck a system,

(4) Date of I n i t h t i o n : November 1956

( 5 ) Date of Expiration: December 1958


(7) FY 1959 Fund’hg Requirements: $3,312

(8) Princlpal Lmrestigator: Dean W.B. Marshall, Jr,

b, (1) Contract TiSle: Factors UfecQing N;itritfon, Pkysiology Scarage Stab i l t ty of Bacteria Belonging t o t ke Genus Paetervel la

(2) Contractor: University of Texas

(3) Scope: Conduct s tad ies relative, bo determining t2.s factors affect ing nu t r i t i on , pkysfolcgg and storage of bacteria belong- bo the genus pssteussiZa

(4) Date of Initiation: Septeaher 1958

( 5 ) Date of Expkatioa: Acgusi 1959

( 6 ) Amount Funded: $?,I50

(7) FY 1959 Funding Rsqufrements: $?#150

( 8 ) Principal lnveetigstor: D r . O.E. W 9 l h n s

e. (1) Contract T i t l e : Inves t i sa t ion of High Temperature Diaphragzs and Valves

(2) Contractor: Hills-McCanxa ComFany’

. - Projec t Title: BW Agent Process Research

(3) Scope: Furnish sample vatves with diaphragms, fo r test a t - For t Detrick for the purpose of determining the degree of durabi l i ty and ef f ic iency of operation of the com- p l e t e un i t under simulated and/or ac tua l plant operation. In addition, t o recommend fo r test any addi t ional experimental valves o r diaphragms meeting minimum con- d i t ions.

(4) Date of In i t ia t ion : January 1957

( 5 ) Date of Expiration: January 1959

( 6 ) Amount Funded:

( 7 ) Fp 1959 Funding Requirements:

(8 ) Principal Investigator: None

(1) Contract T i t l e : d. Design and Fabricat ion of a Spray Drying% System

( 2 ) Contractor: Bowen Engineering, Inc.

(3) Scope: Design a complete spray drying system i n accordance Upon with cer ta in engineering and design criteria.

approval of design, t o fabr ica te , supervise in s t a l l a - t i o n and operation, and t o m a k e any a l t e r a t i o n s deemed necessary.


(5) Date of Expiration: December 1958


(7) FY 1959 Funding Requirements: $19,970

( 8 ) Principal Investigator: Mr. Donald Belcher

e. (1) Contract T i t l e : Investigation of Methods of Concentration by Flotat ion and/or o ther appropriate Techniques.

( 2 ) Contractor: Massachusetts I n s t i t u t e of Technology

K4 h

.

Proiec t T i t l e : BW Agent Process Research \ - I

(3) Scope: Conduct s tud ies of methods of concentration by f loata- - t i o n and other appropriate techniques t o include a b i l i t y

t o withstand concentration and th8 e f f ec t s on micro- organisms of stress occurring during concentration. addition, study possible means of surrounding micro- organismwith a t h i n f i lm of substance t o protect it from exposure t o water o r unfavorable atmospheric conditions.

In

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : Ju ly 1957



(7) FY 1959 Funding Requirements:

( 8 ) Principal Investigator: Professor A.M. Gaudin

i

24

prr ..

I

I

i .L

1. (U) Pro jec t T i t l e : Protect ive Measures fo r Personnel i n the BW program

2. (U) Purpose: The purpose of t h i s p ro j ec t is t o pro tec t personnel engaged in the BW program as w e l l as inhabi tants of nearby communities from infec- t i on and disease by BW agents.

3. protect ion t o personnel engaged in the BW program and t o inhabi tan ts of surrounding communities.

(U) Objective: The object ive of t h i s p ro jec t is t o provide necessary

4. (U) Funding: Pre8ent $880H

Proposed $3150M

5. (I Scope: This program includes the following: Safe ty Measures for Protection Against BW R&D Hazards - Continuing

program of inspect ion and t e s t ing t o determine extent and na ture of hazards by development of new techniques, apparatus, decontaminants and procedures fo r s a f e operation.

a.

b. Cl in ica l Invest igat ion Related t o BW R&D Hazards - I n cases of occupa- t i ona l disease, a l l per t inent c l i n i c a l and laboratory data is a s s e m b l e d p d is corre la ted with epidemiological da ta from the research laboratory. program of per iodic immunization and medical examination of personnel

Ext

in hazardous area is conducted.

c. Biological Measures for Protection Against BW R&D Hazards - Hazards of Botulinum toxoids and Anthrax vaccines are evaluated. t i o n and assay methods fo r Anthrax vaccines is ca r r i ed on as w e l l as work on tularemla and o ther vaccines.

Research on produc-

6 . e Contract Program in Support of t h i s Project: Contract T i t l e : Studies and Invest igat ions of Antigens of

Bacterium Tularense

Contractor: University of Utah

Scope: Develop procedures for t he elaborat ion and i s o l a t i o n of ant igenic substances from cul tures and cu l tu re f i l t r a t e s of Bacterium tularense and evaluate, in animals, the pro- t e c t i v e a c t i v i t y of t he antigen preparations.

Date of In i t i a t ion : Ju ly 1955

Date of Expiration: Ju ly 1959

Amount Funded to Date: $15,175

FY 1959 Funding Requirements: None

?S

..

RoleCt T i t l e : Pro tec t ive Measures for Personnel in t he BW program

( 8 k R F n c i p a l Investigator: Dr. Paul Nicholar

b. (1) Contract T i t l e : Medical lnvea t iga t ion

(2) Contractor: John Hopkins University

(3) Scope: Conduct a critical review of pe r t inen t c l i n i c a l recorda and medical l i t e r a t u r e ; consul ta t ion with appropriate au tho r i t i e s i n the f ie ld ; sye tana t ic c l i n i c a l s tud ies of cases of infectious diseases at For t Detri&and Johns Hopkine Hospital fo r t h e i r s ign i f icance in providing a more thorough understanding of in fec t lous d isease processes and the suscept ib i l i ty of man t o such disease; therapeut ic s tud ie s ctc.

(4) Date of In i t i a t iou : August 1955

( 5 ) Date of Expiration: Ju ly 1962


(7) FY 1959 Funding Bequiranent:

(8) P r Lncipal Inves t igator :

$159,000

D r . Leighton E. Cluf f

f

1. (U) Pro lec t T i t l e : BW Asrerrment Technology I : * ! 2. (a) Purpore: To provide fo r the development of nev evaluation

methods and arrernnant rout iner e r r e n t i a l f o r the laboratory and chamber m a h a t i o n of new BU agentr, nnmitionr, o r agent-munition combinations.

3. (U) Objective: To provido the laboratory and chamber techniquer t o enable adequate evaluation of new BW ageatr and/or munitionr.

4. (U) Panding: Prerent $28011

Proporcd $119011

5. @scope: This program includer:

a. Biological and Phyrical BW Asserrment Hethodr - Thir provider f o r development of arrerrment method8 f o r application t o new agentr and munitionr t o a rsure a mean8 of obtaining da ta r e l a t i v e t o agent and munition e f fec t ivener r . agentr n c c c m ~ i t a t e r addi t ional e f f o r t in t h i r f ie ld .

Prerent empharir on dry agentr and v i ra l

b. BW Actor01 Chamber Technologp - This provider f o r development and adaptation of method8 f o r evaluation of new agentr and mrmitionr through mult iple use t o obtain da t a f o r evaluation OU e f f ec tivenera . 6. (U) Contract Program in Support of This Project:

a. (1) Contract TXtIe: Temperature, Alt i tude and Humidity l e r t Chamber

(2) Contractor: Tenny Phgineering, Inc.

(3) Scope: Develop, fabricate, del iver , i n s t a l l and test one (1) temperature, a l t i t u d e and humidity t e a t chamber and arrociated equipment in accordance with ~ p e c r .

(4) Date o f In i t i a t ion : June 1956

(5) Date of Expiration: August 1958


(7) F'Y 1959 Funding Requiremats: None

(8) Psojecf, QfE2ce.s: .plr. IS. Madet

n

i .

.

Project Title: BW Aseeaement Technology

b, (1) Contract Title: Rerearch in Assessment Technology

(2) Contractor: Armour Resea$c% Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology

(3) Scope: Conduct comprehensive investigations of specific problems i n assessment techndlogy

(4) Date of Initiation: March 1958 ,'

(5) Date of Expiration: March 1959



(8) Principal Investigator: Project Officer: Mr. L. IdoLne I

. . _. ._ . , *

1. (U) P r o j e c t T i t l e : Rirk to Armed Force8 from BW Attack

2. (rr) Purpoue: It ir neccrrary t o obtain data urd make a medical evaluation of t h e $irk t h a t enwy BW a t tack vould have on U. S, Antied Forcer 80 that adequate protective, prophylactic and therapeutic mearurer can be p lmned a8 warranted.

3. (U) Obiect ivet To determine the r i r k t o U. S. Armed Forcer of enemy BW attack.

4. (a) Punding: Present $lOOOH

Piopored $2360M

29

5. # Scope: Thio program lncluder: a. Vulne rab i l im of Han to BW - NeCe66.rll data are being col lected

In par t iculwr, there da t a refer t o t h e dor r f o r man, which i r Necerrary da ta are being compiled f o r two

t o datermine the r i r k .:E BW attack to U. SI Armed Forcer from a poten t ia l BW 4-t, errmtial for BW planning. agentr, Q Fever and E. t u l a r m r i r , as w e l l ar , for other agentr.

therapeut ic measurer againat apec i f ic BW agentr I6 conducted in man. i 8 w i l l pennft es t imat ion of number of troop8 rcmoved from duty by BW a t t = k,

planning. f o r t u l a r a n i a i r in progreai. h u been completed.

b. Treatment of BW Carualtier - The evaluation of preventive and length of t h e removed from duty, medic81 lOgiEtiC8 f ac to r r , and sirnil8 i

F i n a l evaluation of Forhay vaccine and Rurrian type vaccine The work on Q Fever vaccine and therapy

C. Laboratomr:; Ident i f ica t ion of BW Anent6 = Work i r in progrerr t o e r t ab l i ah ryr tamatic 8pproacher to the problem of laboratory iden t i f i ca t ion of BU agent# togqther with exploration and evalyat lon of tbpo adequacy of known nethod8. antibody techniquer and t l s rue cu l tu re method6 to th io prqblem.

6. @ Contract Program in Support of Thir Project :

Progrerr ha8 been nude on the ad+tat ipn of f luorerecnt

a. (1) Contract T i t l e : Asrerrment of the Effectiveness of Tularemia Vaccine in Man

1

1 . (2) Contractor: Ohio State Univerri ty Berearch Foundation

(3) Scope: This work is adminiotercd by Walter Reed A m Medic81 U n i t

(4) Date of In i t ia t ion : January 1955

(5) D 8 t e of Expiration: December 1958

(6) Amount Funded to Date: $rrJiooo

. .. . . - ..

(U) Project Title: Birk to Armed Forcer from BW Attack

( 7 ) R 59 Funding Requirement: ~?oqc"*

(a) .Pr inc ipal Iahrertigator: -

Dr, 3, Sa8l .a

i

1. (UT) Profect T i t l e : Aerobiology Research

Z.'$Uj Purpore: The research carr ied on under t h i s project i s necesrary to provide BW agents possessing o p t i n k aerosol charac- teristiZr f o r spec i f ic munition applicationr. Few BW agents have there cha rac t e r i s t i c r in o p t i n k form in nature, and t h i s project seeks t o measure the maximum improvement vhich can be at ta ined and then t o p r w i d e mamu f o r achieving it. It also provides munition designerr with i n f o r k i o n a r t o the o p t i h aerosol p a r t i c l e sire6 f o r In fec t iv i ty and aerorol s t a b i l i t y .

3. (U) Obfcctive: To optimize the aerosol propert ies of BW agents f o r mi l i ta ry weapon systems.

4. (a) Funding: Pre s en t Pro posed

5. &scope: ~ h i r progrma includes:

on the e f f e c t s of aerosol s t a b i l i t y of various candidate BW agents. Such f ac to r s a r p a r t i c l e s i ze and i t s e f f ec t on i n fec t iv i ty , environmental influencer, age of the aerosol cloud and the e f f ec t s of ce r t a in chemical adjutant8 a r e considered. derived from these s tudies is essent ia l t o predictable munition c f f c c t r calculat ions, lower dosages, firm troop safe ty distances and g rea t e r eff ic iency and effectiveness in the employment of BW weapons .

$ l l b O M $4410M

a. S t a b i l i t y and Virulence of BW Aerosols - Research is done

The information

b. Pathogenesis of BW Aerosol Induced Infect ions - Basic - This in- research op the host-agent re la t ionship is conducted.

volves histo-pathological and biochemical changes, the mechanism of host death and the f ac to r of host resistance. The r e l a t ion to infect ion of bac te r ia l and animal l i p i d s is studied. The pathogenerir of ouch o r g m i k r a s X. tularensis , Venezuelan Equine E n c e p h a l ~ e l f t l r , E . p e s t i s and E . anthracis and Variola is studied. accuracy In casualty calculat ions and allow a r a t iona l approach t o use of unnatural por ta l s of entry.

Enowledge of the Pathogenesis will permit grea te r

6. (U) Contract Program in Support of t h i s Proiect:

a. (1) Contract T i t l e : Study of technique f o r diagnosing ear ly progressive pulmonary disease

(2) Contractor: AVCO Manufacturing Corporation

( 3 ) Scope: Studies w i l l be made to determine whether o r not knowledge of the amplitudes and f r e - quencier o f breath sounds o f f e r a feasible technique f o r diagnosing ear ly progressive

.

pul*naq discare-in man and experimental

*

,

. - - - . - -

(U) Project Ti t le : Aerobiology Research

( 4 ) Date of Initiation: Stptkber 1958

- (5) Date of Expiration: September 1959

I - <

1. (a) P r o j e c t T i t l e : CW Agent DPrsemination Research

urpore: There i r a need f o r continuour imrest igat ion to obta 2* P n information on the dissemination of chanical agents and t o study neu techniques m d devices f o r the more e f f e c t i v e use of such agents, (u w e l l %a f o r boric design studies t o improve s ign i f i can t ly the functioning of CW munitions and t h e i r e f f ec t ive del ivery and dispersion on target .

3. (U) Obfective: To obtain basic information, both experimental and mathematical, on the dissemination and dispersion of CW agents which w i l l lead t o the development of iinproved CU weapons systema.

4. (U) Funding: Pres en t $75513

Proposed $272L)H

Scope: This program includes: =. ff a. Dissemination Research on CW &ems -:Research i s in progress

which w i l l l ead to the development of optimal type munitions fo r dissemination of toxic CW agentr as aerosols, including improved sclf-

of hard t a rge t s . l iquidr . under invest igat ion.

dispersing bomblets f o r wide area coverage and devices fo r the a t tack Studies In progresr include so l ids as w e l l as

Experimental models for the dissemination of V-agent are

b. Mathematical Research on CW Dissemination - Results obtained here w i l l provide a sound mathematical bas i s f o r the assessment of experimental CW munitions and w i l l permit the r e s u l t s of wind tunnel s tud ies to be correlated with f i e ld resu l t s . Special cmphasls i b being placed on mathematical aspects of casual ty assesment . work is being done under a special program entitled CARAMU.

This

C. Dissemination Research on Training and T e s t Agents - Included i n t h i s program i a the search for realistic t r a in ing and maneuver agent dissemination systems. to permit -re realistic troop t ra ining in CW and increase the value of CW doctr ine.

Training systems and test agents are required

6 . m e n t r a c t Program i n Support of t h i s Project:

a. (1) Contract T i t l e : Breath Recording System

(2) Contractor: Gulton Industr ies , Inc.

(3) Scope: Perfonn the research and development required t o fabr ica te a production prototype recording system.


(5) Date of Expiration: December 1958 33

c

cc; L

(U) Pro lec t T i t l e : CW Agent Dissemination Research

(6 ) b u n t Funded t o Date: $162,819

(3 FY 59 Funding Requirement: None

(8) P r inc ipa l Investigator: D r . W. Wilkowitt

b. (1) Contract T i t l e : Investigation of Explosive Direanination of Liquid Agentr

(2) Contractor: Stanford Research I n s t i t u t e

(3) Scope: To invest igate thauret ical ly and experimentally the dissemination of l iqu ids by means of explorive devices. The contractor w i l l review and evaluate da t a from Army Chemical Center f i e l d and explosive chamber tent programs and develop theory on the b a r i r of these resu l t s .

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : September 1958

(5) Date of Expiration:

( 6 ) Amount Ftiadad t o Date: $50,000

September 1958


(8) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: Dr. M. K t l l s

c. (1) Contract T i t l e : Casualty Rate Assessment

(2) Contractor: University of Pennsylvania

(3) Scope: To furnish "operations rerearch servicestt with respect t o the casualty rate assessment program and/or i t 8 various aapette.

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : May I956

(5) Date of Expiration: January 1359

(6) Amount Funded t o Datc: $209,512

(7) PY 59 Funding Requiruntnt: $100,000

(8) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: D r , K. Krirger

34

.

35

... . '.-. -

(U) Pro jec t T i t l e : CW Agent Dissemination Rerearch

,

I

( 8 ) Pr inc ipa l Imar t iga to r : Dr. Woodbury

Contract T i t l e : Inver t iga t ion of Hot Gar Generation of Aerorolr of Law V o l a t i l i t y Liquid.

cpncractor: Southern Research I n r t i t u t e

Scope: To i m e r t i g a t e theo re t i ca l ly and axpe r lmen ta l l~ the hot gar generation of acrorolr ( l e r r than 150 micronr in diameter) from approximately three Organic l iqu id6 of 1- VOf8tility.


Date of Expiration: Augurt 1959

Amount Funded t o Data: $54,975

FY 59 Funding Requirement: lone

Pr inc ipa l Investigator: Mr. R. Lacey

Contract T i t l e : Mathematical and Statir t icrl Sarviccr

Contractor: New York University

Scope: To develop and apply mathematical models to descr ibe the ef fec t ivener r of CW agent-munition combinations when employed under operat ional cond I t ion8


Date of Expiration: December 1958

Amount Funded t o Date: $37$00

ET 59 Funding Requirement: None

35

I

i

1. (0) P r o j e c t T i t l e : CW Agent Research

2. of CWpotential i n the agents f ie ld . circumvent known pro tec t ive measures, or which o f f e r unique mili tary p o t e n t i a l i t i e s as i n the non-lethal incapaci ta t ing area. agents, methods f o r large-scale synthesis and ana ly t i ca l cont ro l must be avai lable , as w e l l as basic physiochemical da t a on react ion mechanism re l a t ing t o synthes is and stability, and on biochemical mechanism of action. This p ro jec t supports basic research fundamental t o the a t ta in- ment of these s t a t e d objectives.

(v) Purpose: There is a continuing requirement f o r the improvement New agents must be sought which

For there

3. To discover new and improved CW agents, of both l e t h a l and incapac i ta t ing types, by the appl icat ion of the research techniques of organic chemistry, physical chemistry, ana ly t ica l chemisttJI, and biochemistry.

(a) Objective:

Present $1195M

4. (U) Funding:

Scope: # This program includes: Proposed $8850M

a. N e w Anent Research - An i ndus t r i a l l i a i s o n program i s conducted t o p r w i d c f o r systematic v i s i t s to i ndus t r i a l and academic laboratorie. f o r the s o l i c i t a t i o n of new compounds, ideas, o r procedures of po ten t i i n t e r e s t to t h e Chemical Corpr. ducted i n hou8c and by contract on incapaci ta t ing agents such as tetra- hydrocannabinol (compounds related t o marijuana) as w e l l as other compounds having incapaci ta t ing action o r which o f f e r promise as t ra ining o r manewer agents. synthesis of l e t h a l agents of the types o the r than V and G agents is being invest igated. They include such 8ub8ta~ce8 as she l l f i sh , puffer f i s h and botulinum poisoning.

J An accelerated program is being coa- A program to c o l l e c t information which wi1l.permit

b. An ent Anal~tical Research - Methods a r t being developed f o r the analysis of V agents and intermediates i n the support of laboratory and p i l o t p l a n t programs. This progrmn includes the improvement of ana ly t ica l procedures f o r basic chemical research and f i e l d assessment of new agents.

c . ?.gent Physiochemical R6saarch - Basic s tudies are conducted on the breakup of l i qu id and so l id mater ia f i i n t o s m a l l p a r t i c l e sizes and the c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s of these pa r t i cu la t e s are determined. Xncludcd are wind tunnel s t u d i e s on the e f f ec t s of turbulence and aerosol s t a b i l i t y . Results obtained are d i r ec t ly applicable t o problems of a i r c r a f t spray and f i e l d di8semination of toxics. t r a t ion of c lo th ing , decontamination, s torage s t a b i l i t y and pers is tence of CW agents.

Work is a l so conducted on agent pene-

36

I . . ! !

i !

I

(U) Prolect T i t l e : CW Agent Research ‘Om d. Biochemical Action of CW Agent8 - Studier are i n progrers on

t he biochemical mechanism of actton of toxic subrtancer such as s h e l l f i a h and puf fer f i s h poironr, rnake venom8 and bac te r i a l toxinr. Knowledgtof mechanim of biochemical action leadr d i r e c t l y t o the porsl- b i l i t y of enhanced of fenr ive and defenrivc effect iveness of CW agent#.

6 . &Contracts in Support of Thio Project:

a. (1) Cont t8Ct ,Ti th : Studies of Certain Phosphorus Compounds

(2) Contractor: National Bureau of Standard8

(3) Scope: Conduct thermodynamic and thermochemical s tud ie r on spec i f ic phosphorus compoundr.

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : May 1957

(5) Date of Expiration: December 1958

( 6 ) Amount Funded t o Date: 40,000


(8) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: Mr. D. Wagman

I b. (1) Contract T i t l e : Screening of Natural Products

(2) Contractor: College of Medical Evangelists

(3) Scope: To screen ce r t a in compoundr from na tura l product6 f o r t h e i r appl icabi l i ty as possible CW agents and t he i so la t ion of t h e i r ac t ive components.

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : April 1954

(5) Date of Expiration: November 1958 (Extension has been requested)



(8) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: D r . G. T. Anderson

C. (1) Contract T i t l e : Pur i f ica t ion of Organic Compounds

(2) Contractor: Applied Science Laboratorieo, Inc.

(3) Scope: Conduct research s tudies of physiochcrnical tech- n i q u e ~ fo r the pur i f i ca t ion of organic compounds.

(a) Pro jec t T i t l e : CW Agent Research

Date of In i t i a t ion : May 1958

Date of Expiration: May 1959


FY 59 Funding Requirement: None

Pr inc ipa l Invert igator : D r . A. Bore

Contract Title: Penetration of Clothing

Contractor: Rarrlr Eerearch Laboratorier, Inc.

Scope: Invest igat ive r tud ier t o determine the f ac to r s which control the rate of penetration of clothing by organic l iquid8

Date of In i t ia t ion : March 1958

Date of Expiration: Pebruav 1959


FT 59 Funding Requirement: $20,000

Pr inc ipa l Investigator: D r . Schwartz

Contract T i t l e : Coated Aerosols by Light sca t te r ing '

Contractor: Clarkron College of Technology

Scope: Prepare and imrer t igata coated aerosols by l i g h t sca t te r ing techniquer

Date of In i t i a t ion : June 1958

Date of Expiration: August 1959

Amount Funded to Date: $20,000

FY 59 Funding Requiranent: $20,000

Pr inc ipa l Investigator: D r . M. Kcrker

Contract T i t l e : Fundamental I w e s t i g a t i o n r of the Breakup of Viscoelast ic Fluid Jet6

Contractor: The Franklin I n s t i t u t e

38

?

(U) Pro lec t T i t l e : CW Agent Rerearch

(3) Scope: To determine and e r t a b l i r h tha fundamental re la t ion- rhipr gwrwing the breakup of v i r c o e l a r t f c f l u i d jet6 a t high v e l o c i t i e r f o r appl icat ion t o the control of drop r i z e fonnrt ion

-

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : Iwember 1957

(5) Date of Xxpiration: Augurt 1959


(7) Fp 59 Funding Requirement: $24,960

(8) Pr inc ipa l Xnvertigator: Dr . W. Phil ippoff

g. (1) Contract T i t l e : Reaearch on Natural Product8

(2) Contractor: Univarrity of California

(3) Scope: To detennins the chemical r t ruc tu re of a substance-

har bean determined t o davi rc a method of synthesis : 4 , known as "SS." After the s t ruc tu re of t h i s compoun - (4) Date of In i t ia t ion : Hay 1956 -

(5) Date of Expiration: Nmembcr 1958 (Extension ha6 been requer tcd)

(6) Amount Pugldcd to Dote: $25,800

(7) Pp 59 mading Requir-nt: $14,000

(8) Pr inc ipa l Invaatigator: Dr. E. Bappaport

h. (1) Contract: T i t l a : I m e r t i g a t i o a ob Withania Sorrmiferr ABkaSoids

(2) Contractor: mfv+r:oity of Connectieuat

(3) Scope: To dctemine the ehanical nature and r t r u c t u r e of the c z p t o l l i n e hynotic a lkaloid i ro l a t ed from W I ' I ' U H P A SOXKZFERA and to i s o l a t e s u f f i c i e n t quan t f t fm for a c t i v i t y screening.

(5) Date of Expiration: April 1949

(6) Amount Funded to Data: $10,000

40 -.

(n) Project T i t l e : CW Agent Bercarch

( 7 ) FY 59 Funding Requirement:

(8) Pr lnc ipa l Invertigator:

lone - Dr. A. E. Schnarting

i. (1) Contract T i t l e : Syrtherir of Compoundr

(2) Contractor: Borton Univerrity

(3) Scope: Conduct research on the r y r t h e r i r of e r t e r r of c e r t a i n compound8 containing nitrogen and/or pho rp homo

(4) Date of In i t ia t ion : May 1954

(5) Date of Expiration: July 1959



(8 ) Principal Investigator: D r . J. P. Ma8on

j . (1) Contract T i t l e : Laboratorier F a c i l i t i e r (2) Contractor: Univerrity of California

(3) Scope: I n s t a l l cer ta in laboratory facil i t ier

(4) Date of In i t ia t ion :

(5) Date of Expiration:

(6 ) Amount Funded t o Date: $12,854

January 1955

January 1959


(8) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: None

k. (1) Contract T i t l e : Structure of Puffer Poison

(2) Contractor: Harvard Callege

(3) Scope: To investigate the c r y s t a l l i n e rubrtance known as Puffer Poiron i n order t o determine i t 8 chemical s t ruc ture and rynthesize t h i s material

(4) Date of In i t la t ion : June 1958

(5) Date of Expiration: August 1959

4\ ..

(U) Pro lec t T i t l r r CW Agent Research


( 7 ) FY 59 Funding Requirement: None

(8) P r inc ipa l Investigator: D r . E. Woodward

1. (1) Contract T i t l e : Investigation of Calabash Curare

(2) Contractor: University of Rochester

/’

(3) Scope: To invest igate the chemical nature and structure of the paralyris-causing alkaloid8 i ro l a t ed from calabash p lan ts such a r Strychnor tox i f c r s and to spothesize model compounds on the s t ruc tu re features of the alkaloids

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : Augurt 1958

(5) Date of Expiration: September 1961


(7) Pp 59 Funding Requirement: $11,000

(8) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: D r . V. Bochelheide

m. (1) Contract T i t l e : Investigation of Ryanodine

(2) Contractor: University of Cal i fornia

(3) Scope: The elucidation of the chemical na ture and s t ruc tu re of the ske le t a l m r c l e contracting alkaloid, rymodine, isolated from R y a i a Speciosa and the 6ynther i r of rimple model compounds based on the s t r u c t u r a l features of ryanodine.



( 6 ) Amount Funded to Date: $9,000

(7) Fp 59 Funding Requirement: None

( 8 ) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: Dr. H. Rappaport

1 : - - L’ -. *- . - :-, . .

(u) Projec t T i t l e : CW Agent Research n. 11) Contract T i t l e : Nest Approach-

(2) Contractor: University of Chicago

(3) Scope: To develop n k and d i f f e r e n t approache6 f o r the davelop- m e a t of CW agentr

(4) Date of In i t ia t ion : December 1953

(5) Data of Expiration: January 1959


(7) FY 59 Funding Requirement: Bone

(8) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: D r . T. Rudy

0 . (1) Contract Tlb le : Tbe Effect of Molecular Structure on Catalysis and Molecular Bindin$

(2) Contractor: University of Wi~conr in

(3) Scope: To determine, by means of chemical k i n e t i c 8tudie8, the influence of molecular s t ruc ture on the re la t ive’ a c t i v i t y of organic c a t a l y t i c and com- plexing;; agents

(4) Date of In i t ia t ion : October 1958




(8) Principul Investigator: Dr. Eiguchl

42

43 4

1. (a) P r o j e c t T i t l e : Flame and Incendiary Research

- . . _

2. flame and incendiary agents and dissemination devices, t o take military-advantage of advances i n technology in these important areas m d thereby increase f i e ld capab i l i t i e s i n flame and incendiary warfare s i g n i f i c a n t l y beyond the present levels.

(a) Purpose: There is a continuing requirement f o r research on

3. (a) Objectives: To discover improved flame and incendiary agent8 and means for t h e i r mi l i ta ry use.

4. (U) Punding: Present Proposed $434 $317H

5. Scope: Studies are being made of the design parameters of as r e l a t ed to fue l charac te r i s t ics ; on the f e a s i b i l i t y

of chemical i gn i t i on of flame thrower fue l , and on thickeners on incendiary fue l s , including rheologicd iu.vestigations. I n i t i a l s tud ies are i n progresr on the use of' new high c a l o r i e fue l s as inceadiary agents . 6. m e n t r a c t Program i n Support of Thi8 Project:

a. (1) Contract T i t l e : S tab i l iza t ion of Butadiene Polymers

(2) Contractor: University of Akron

(3) Scope: Conduct s tudies on the s t a b i l i z a t i o n against de te r iora t ion a t 160°F of c e r t a i n polymers o,f but adiene .

(4) Date of In i t i a t ion : May 1957

(5) Date of Expiration: Ju ly 1959


(7) Fp 59 Funding Requirement: None

( 8 ) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: D r . M. Morton

43

I . I .

_ .

1

1. (a) Project T i t l e : Medical Aspects of CW Warfare

2. There i s a continuing requirement f o r a complete medical knowledge of diagnostic, prophylactic, an t ido ta l and therapeutic dxugr, devices and procedures to estimate accurately the severi ty of exposure t o CW agents and provide adequate medical t r e a t - ment of poisoning i n man.

(U) Purpose:

3. Warfare casua l t i e s and t o conduct medical research e s sen t i a l f o r both defensive and offensive warfare.

(U) Objective: To provide a basis f o r the treatment of C h d c a l

4. (U) Funding: Pre s en t Proposed $65W $2370M

This program includes:

a. C l in i ca l Invest igat ion and Treatment of CW Casualties - Broad exploratory research i s i n progress to gather information from which t o form a bas i s f o r a t ta in ing more e f fec t ive f i r s t a id and treatment

of casual ty production r a t e s f o r agents GB and VX. man i s i n progress.

measures for CW agent poisoning and permit a more accurate estimation Study of VX i n

b. Incapaci ta t ing Action of CW Agents - Research i s being conducted t o obtain a b e t t e r understanding of the mechanism and s i t e of action of incapaci ta t ing agents, including psychochedcals. Also, potent ia l an t ido ta l and blocking drugs against such agents a r e being tested.

C. Pathological Actions of CW Agents - Research i s being conducted on the pathology of CW agents i n an attempt t o discover new s c i e n t i f i c f a c t s concerning l e t h a l and incapaci ta t ing sites of action. These s tud ie s reveal whether the in ju r i e s produced a r e reversible o r i r r e v e r s i b l e and form a bas i s f o r evaluation of CW agents.

d. formed t o evaluate a l l items including protect ive and treatment devices t o insure tha t design of f i n a l end items w i l l permit u t i l - i za t ion by troops with optimal efficiency.

Human Factors Research - Human engineering s tudies a r e per-

e. Development of Protective and Treatment Items - Fina l enginc- ering t e s t s a r e i n progress on a cholinesterase blood determination k i t which w i l l provide a simple means f o r determining the blood chol inesterase leve l i n the body of an individual i n order t o screen troops who may have been exposed t o G o r V agents. r e sus i t a to r which provides a means fo r conducting a r t i f i c i a l venti- l a t i on of neme gas casua l t ies i s also under development and is presently undergoing f i n a l engineering tes t ing .

A mask-to-mask

44

. .

i

.. .-, '

(U) Project T i t l e : Medical Aspects of CW Warfare

P r o g r k in Support of t h i s Project: - 6 . a. (1) Contract T i t l e : Effects of CW and Candidate Thera-

peut ic Agent8

(2) Contractor: University of Maryland

(3) Scope: Conduct Neuro, Chemical, Physiological, Psycho- logical , Psychiatric Studier of Effects of CW and Candidate Therapeutic Agents

(4) Date of I n i t i a t i o n : March 1957




( 8 ) Principal Investigator: D r . Finesinger

b. (1) Cont'ract T i t l e : Neurological Action of CW Agents

(2) Contractor: University of Washington

(3) Scope: To Study and Evaluate the Action of Certain Psychotomimetric and Tranquilizing Cumpoundr on Animals and Human Subjects

(4) Date of I n i t i a t i o n : April 1957


(6) k r m t Ftzudcd t o Date: $100,000


(8) Principal Invest igator : D r . D i l l e

C. (1) Contract T i t l e : Neurological and Psychiatric Changes

(2) Contractor: Tulane University

(3) Scope: Conduct Clinical Studies during the admini- s t ra t ion of Chloropr&azin, Thoraz ine, F rcnguel, LSD and Analogues to Study the Neurological and Psychiatric Changes Produced

45

4b ..

! . ! .-..

i

(a) Project Title: Medical Aspects of CW Warfare Date of Initiation: Novkber 1954

Date of Expiration:

Anbunt Funded to Date: $61,162

November 1958 - ( E X t c n d O n Requested)

FY 59 Funding Requirkent: $20,000

Principal Investigator: Dr. B. Heath

Contract Title: Methods of Treakcnt

Contractor: University of Colorado

Scope: To Investigate Methods of Treatment of CW casualties

Date of Initiation: Septkber 1954

Date of Expiration: September 1958 (Ertensiod

A & n t Funded to Date: $74,736

FY 59 Funding Requirement: $24,542

Principal Investigator: Dr. J . Hkcs Contract Title: Treatment of Poisoning by CW Agents

Contractor: Johns Hopkins University

Scope: To Study Mechanism and Treatmmt of Poisoning by Cw Agents

Date of Initiation: April 1958

Date of Expiration: July 1959

Anbunt Funded to Date: $54,457

PY 59 Funding Requirement: None

Principal Investigator: Dr: Johns

Contract Title: Pharmacology of Nerve Gas Poison and Therapeutic Drugs

Contractor: University of Utah

46

. - ,

I

b (U) Projec t T i t l e : Medical Aspects of CW Warfare

Scope: Study, Evaluate and Invest igate the "Pha&- cology of Nerve Gas Poisoning and Therapeutic Drugs"

Date of I n i t i a t i o n : S e p t k b e r 1957

Date of Expiration: Septadbcr 1958

k u n t Funded t o Date: $16,553

PY 59 Funding R e q d r k e n t : None

Principal Investigator: D r . John R. Ward

Contract T i t l e : Psychiatric Studies of Compounds

Contractor: Research Foundation f o r Mental Hygiene

Scope: Research Services i n the Measurement of Psychiatric, Psychological and Special Therapeutic Effects of Certain Compounds

Date of I n i t i a t i o n : Septkber 1957 .

Date of Expiration: September 1958

h u n t Funded t o Date: $25,000

PY 59 Funding Requirement: None

Principal Investigator: Dt. Malitz

Contract T i t l e : Neurological Actions of Agents

Contractor: Johns Hopkins University

Scope: Conduct Studies on the Neurophysiological Action of Agents in Clinical A n i d Prepara- t ions

Date of I n i t i a t i o n : July 1957

Date of Expiration: July 1959


PY 59 Funding Requirement: $15,000

Principal Investigator: D r . Langfit 47

k

I

( 0 ) Project Title: Medical Aspects of CW Warfare

f. (1) Contract T i t l e : Studies of Clinical Findings f r k Anti- cholinesterase Poisoning

- (2)' Contractor: Louisiana State University

(3) Scope: Conduct Studies and Make B c c ~ e n d a t i o n r Con- cerning Clinical Findings of Anticholinesteraee Poison

(4) Date of Initiation: May 1954

(5) Date of Expiratioo: July 1958

(6) k u n t Funded to Date: $56,500

(7) FY 59 Funding Reqairkent: None

(8) Principal Investigator: D r . C. Petty

48

r

1

' I

!

!

.. 1. (U) Proicc t T i t l e : CW-Biological Sciences Research

2. *Purpose: Basic and applied research i n the b io logica l sciences i s necemary f o r the choice of new agents and new materiel , f o r select ion of methods f o r dissemination of chemical agents and f o r devising techniques f o r preventing, deeontaminating and t r ea t ing casua l t i e s due t o chemical agents . 3 . PI ec t ive : To provide basic toxicological, physiological, pha cological , entomological and biophysical information required f o r t h e development of CW agents and CW offensive and defensive mater ia l su i tab le f o r use under a l l environmental conditions.

4. (U) Funding: Pre s en t $124514

Scope: This program includes: - ,_ -

Proposed $5610H

a. atropine, such as oximes, f o r the treatment of GB and VX poisoning.

pounds, including those of na tura l or igin, a re i n progress. Informati derived from these s tudies i s the essent ia l pharmacological base f o r synthesis and select ion of new l e t h a l and incapaci ta t ing agents and t h development of therapeutic and prophylactic drugs.

Pharmacology of CW - Studies have been conducted on adjuncts of Studies on t h e mechanisms of actions of VX and o ther highly tox ic am-

b. Toxicology of CW Agents - Basic and applied toxicological research i s in progress i n the following areas: t i on of t o x i c Substances through the skin, including t h e e f f e c t s of addi t ives; the penetration of tox ic substances through clothing an- ploying r e a l i s t i c a l l y clothed animals both i n the laboratory and i n the f i e l d ; t h e dosage response t o new l e tha l and incapaci ta t ing agents; long-range toxicological explorations, and service work i n support of t he VX p i l o t plant .

mechanism of penetra-

c. Bas ic and Applied Physiolom - Research on t h e e f f e c t s of tan- Environmental physiological perature on ac t ions of VX i s i n progress.

s tud ies a r e being continued t o determine the protection afforded by the pro tec t ive mask againsf the extremes of hot and cold environments. Comparative s tudice on animals a r e made t o determine t h e physiological mechanisms involved i n t h e i r res is tance t o CW agents. Information derived from these s tudies i s e s sen t i a l f o r an understanding of the act ion of CW agents under various cl tmat ic conditions and w i l l lead t o the development of improved Chcmicel Cprps mater ie l , doctrines, and procedures.

d. CW Agent Chemotherapy - New chrmotherapeutic compounds a re being s y k e s i z e d . Improved forms of oximes have been made and a search f o r more e f f ec t ive drugs aga1nst.G and V i n progress. New screening procedures a re a l so

agent poisoning i s being evaluated.

#

(U) Project T i t & : CW Biological Sciences Research

e. ducted on t h e properties of wounds caused by tox ic fragments and mir- sile8. resu l t ing from such fragments has been devised. current ly in progress t o determine the effectiveness of shaped charge rounds with c h e d c a l loading. prevention of wounds caused by CW munitions are being conducted.

6. # Contract Program in Support of t h i s Project:

Biophysical Mechanisms of CW Wounds - Studies have been con- An improved method of assessing the antipersonnel e f fec t8

Biological s tud ies am

Basic s tudies aimed a t treatment and

a. (1) Contract T i t l e : Treatment of Poisoning of CW Agents

(2) Contractor: University of I l l i n o i s

(3) Scope: To investigate treatment of poisoning by n e n e gases and pulmonary i r r i t a n t s .

. (4) Date of I n i t i a t i o n : March 1954

( 5 ) Date of Expiration: December 1958



(8) Principal Investigator: D r . Gordon

b. (1) Contract T i t l e : Pharmacology of Certain Compounds

(2 ) Contractor: University of Michigan

(3) Scope: Conduct research on the pharmacology of c e r t a i n compounds affecting the c e n t r a l nervous systems of animals and men

(4) Date of I n i t i a t i o n : January 1955

(5) Date of Expiration: February 1959



(8) Principal Investigator: D r . M. Scevcrs

c. (1) Contract T i t l e : Barrier t o Skin Penetration

(2) Contractor: Western Reserve University

(3) Scope: To determine the nature of intradermal b a r r i e r t o s k i n Penetration of CW Agents.

50

..

(U) Project T i t l e : CU Biological Sciences Research

(4) Dote of I n i t i a t i o n : June 1958

(-5) Date of Expiration: June 1959

(6) k u n t Funded t o Date: $15,000


(8) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: D r . Stoughton

d. (1) Contract T i t l e : Cl in ica l and Experimental Bases f o r Treating CW Casualties

(2) Contractor: University of Pennsylvania

(3) Scope: Evaluate, i n man, drugs o r drug mixtures intended f o r use i n preventing o r t r e a t i n g casua l t ies produced by V-agents or o the r r e l a t e d or new CW agents.


( 5 ) Date of Expiration: June 19S9

( 6 ) Amount Funded to Date: $68,000

(7) PY 59 Funding Requirement:

(8) D r . J. H. Comroe

$15,000

e. (1) Contract T L t l e : Pharmacological Approach t o the CW Problem

(2 ) Contractor: University of Pennsylvania

(3) Scope: Invest igate the f m e t i o n a l s ignif icance of non- neural t i s sue in the 2ypo:halamic region, str;dy e f f e c t s of CW agents on transmission of nervous impulses with autonomic ganglia and within the cen t r a l nervous system, on cardiovascular fcnction, on reopiratcry a c t i v i t y and on reflex r tgu la torp mechanism of cardiovascular and resp i ra tory fuqctions.


( 5 ) Date of Expiration: Jute 1959


(7) F Y 59 Fuading Requirement: None

(8) Pr inc ipa l Invest igator : D r . C. S. Schmidt

(U) Prolect Titlp: CW Biological Sciences Research

f . (1) Contract T i t l e : Penetration into the Skin - - (2) Contractor: Massachusette General Hospital

(3) Scope: Study of spreading of solations on cutaneous suf- faces and penetration of the skin.

(4) Date of Initiation: March 1957

(5) Date of Expiration: February 1959

(6) Amount Funded to Date:

(7) FY 59- Funding Requlrement:

$38,250

$20,000

(8) Principal Investigator: Dr. I. H. Blank

52

1. (n) Project T i t l e : Health Hazards of Mil i tary Chemicals

2. log ica l and pharmacological propert ies of mi l i t a ry chemicals such as exot ic m i s s i l e and rocket fuels , exhaust products, hydraulic f l u i d s and lubr icants which are required in order t o estimate t h e i r hazards t o man and t o develop appropriate treatment and preventive materiel and procedures.

(U) Purpose: The purpose of t h i s pro jec t is to study the toxico-

3. essent ia l f o r safeguarding personnel exposed t o toxic chemicals such as propellante and oxidizers.

(rr) Objective: The objective of this pro jec t is to conduct research

4. (0) -ding: Present Propos ed $1OM $280M

5. (U) Scope: The scope of t h i s pro jec t is t o obtain and c o l l a t e information generated by this program which i s of use to the Chemical Corps . 6. (U) Contract Program in Support of t h i s Project: None

53

1. (U) Prolect: CW Protection Research

2. items against cw agents using bio-assay techniques and t o discover chemical react ions vljch are applicable t o decontamination procedures and de tec t ion and i d e n t i f i c a t i o n methods for CW agents.

(n) Purpose: The purpose of this pro jec t is t o assess protect ive

3. (U) Objective: The objective of t h i s pro jec t is t o provide a bas is f o r t he development of improved chemical procedures fo r f i e l d detect ion and de- contaminntion of V and G agents and of new CW agents, as discovered, and for t h e b io logica l assessment of pro tec t ive items against such agents.

Present $1834

Proposed $640H

Scope: This program includes the following: 4 v a, CW Aspects of Food and Water - Research is car r ied out on detect ion

procedures and means of t reat ing contaminated food and water supplies.

bo Chemical Aspects of CW Protect ion - Studies are car r ied out on-basic chemical reac t ions of V agents fo r possible leads t o detect ion and dec&tamin- a t ion methods f o r incorporation i n t o k i t s , crayons, etc.

C. Biological Aspects of CW Protect ion - Developmental CW protect ive items are evaluated by physiological and toxicological methods under various conditions.

6. (U) Contract Program in Support of t h i s Proiect:

(1) Contract T i t l e : Ter t iary Amines and Organohologenated Agents

(2) Contractor: University of Wisconsin

(3) Scope: Conduct a research study involving the reac t ions and k ine t i c s of reactions between varying organohalogensting materials with t e r t i a r y amines in aqueous and nonaqueous media.

(4) Date of In i t ia t ion :

( 5 ) Date of Expiration:


(7) F'Y 1959 Funding Requirements: None

(8) Pr inc ipa l Investigator: D r . Higuchi

June 1958

June 1960

54

55

I : . 1. (U) Projec t T i t l e : Padcaging and Materials Research

2. (V) Purpose: Mili tary supply with i t s emphasis on concepts such as aerial del ivery require specialized a t t en t ion t o packaging and packing and a cont.inuing e f f o r t t o keep pace with latest and b e s t developments in t h i s f i e l d . A st rong materials research e f f o r t is needed t o meet current requirements and to compile knowledge in ant ic ipa t ion of fu tu re materials needs f o r CBB materiel.

3. (U) Objective: To conduct a research and development program on packaging and engineering materials that wi l l promote maxFmum effect iveness in CmlC materiel and minimum cost.

4. (U) Funding: Preient Propoaed $9OM $370M

5 . (U) Scope: This program includerr the following:

a. Packaging: Research for CmlC Materiel - Emphasis is being placed on development of spec i f ic end-item packaging such as CW warheads missiles, CW alarms, etc. By providing engineered packaging and for CmlC materiel it is assured that t h i s mateiel will be from t h e time of production t o the t h e of use.

b. Materials Research for CmlC Materiel - Emphasis w i l l continue on resolving s p e c i f i c material problems c o n s i s l e w i t h eod-item developaent. The use of more e f f i c i e n t and economical materials i n CmlC end itens per - m i t s b e t t e r design concepts and f a c i l i t a t e s t h e i r manufacture.

6. (n) Contract Program in Support of t h i s Proiect: None

1. 4 P r o J e c t T i t l e : Large Area P a r t i c u l a t e Cloud Trave l (LAC) (U) PurPose: Ca lcu la t ions and prel iminary tests have ind ica t ed t h a t

2* it i la o s s i b l e t o a t t a c k very l a r g e a r e a s , 100,000 square miles o r grea te r . wi th EM-agents. F u r t h e r t e s t i n g i s requ i r ed t o q u a n t i t a t e t h i s concept and t o de te rmine .both t h e p o t e n t i a l i t y of l a r g e s c a l e Bw a t t a c k s and t h e v u l n e r a b i l i t y of t h e U. S. t o such a t tacks .

Oblective: The ob jec t ives of t h i s p ro jec t are t o determine t h e 3* d i s t il!r u t i o n of b i o l o g i c a l agents achieved over a r e a s of s e v e r a l hundred thousand squa re miles by disseminat ing ma te r i a l s a long an extended line source and t o ob ta in d e f i n i t i v e da t a f o r the v e r i f i c a t i o n of p r e d i c t i v

in chemical, biological and radiological warfareflame warfare materiel 240 627 toxic cw munitions...

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