in-building wireless tutorial - spread spectrumsss-mag.com/pdf/mprg_symp_2001.pdf · in-building...
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In-building Wireless TutorialThe Last 100 Meters of the Wireless Revolution
Dr. Ted S. RappaportJames S. Tucker ProfessorMobile & Portable Radio Research GroupVirginia [email protected]
11th Annual MPRG Symposium
June 6-8, 2001
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Today’s Topics
MotivationEmerging TrendsTechnical DetailsEquipment ChoicesDemo of ToolsDesign Examples
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Tutorial Overview
Motivation for In- building WirelessService TypesDesign ObjectivesThe Indoor RF EnvironmentIn- building Distribution TechnologiesEquipment Options & Design IssuesLink Budget & Propagation ModelingTraffic EngineeringPractical Deployment IssuesDesign Tools
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Motivation for In-building Wireless
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Why Cover Indoor Anyway?
Last Great Coverage FrontierOffloads Macro SystemNo Indoor Data Alternative
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Why Campus/Indoor Wireless Coverage?
Public areas, offices, classrooms need coverage
Huge need to move in- building users onto in-building networks where interference is confined within building walls -- avoids saturation of outdoor network
Consumers are adopting wireless appliances for ubiquitous coverage - capacity needed in buildings where people live, work, recreate
Carriers and building/tower owners can offer savings through integrated services and billing
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Buildings and Campus enterprises need planned wireless internet and cellular/PCS strategy
Campus environments require design tools that support ongoing facilities management and maintenance for expansion and upgrades
In- building wireless deployment in its infancy but will explode with Wireless Office, Wireless LANs, Wireless Video, VoIP, Bluetooth, and Wireless PDAs.
Wireless Access Issues in Buildings
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Service Types
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In-building Service Types
Cellular, PCS, WAPWireless Office ServiceWireless LAN (IEEE 802.11)Wireless PDAs (Compaq IPAQ, Handspring)Wireless VoIPWireless VideoBluetooth
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Service Types
Indoor Public Voice & Data ServiceWireless Office ServiceWireless LAN
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Indoor Public Service
Base Station is Microcell or Picocell Radio EquipmentCarrier Pays
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Wireless Office Service (Private Service)
Wireless PBX or Cellular Base StationPSID for User Re- RegistrationDialing and Billing FeaturesCustomer Pays
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Public WLAN (PubLAN)
Public Access to 802.11b W- LANInternet Service Provider (ISP) offers accessIn- building service provider (IBSP) installs and owns equipment
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Design Objectives
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Design Objectives
RF Performance
Cost
Specific Customer requests
Ease of Installation
Ease of Maintenance
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RF Planning Objectives
Satisfaction of Specific Customer NeedsRF and Network Performance (Coverage and Capacity)Minimal Cost (Equipment and Installation)Cooperation with macrocell systems and interference minimizationEase of installation and integration with building environment, all properly documentedOngoing infrastructure maintenance
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Design Objective: RF Performance
Sufficient Downlink Power for:Phones to camp on to your indoor or microcellsystemGood downlink voice quality anywhere customer can make a callInternet access inside buildings
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Design Objective: RF Performance
Limit downlink power to prevent phone overload at closest access point
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Design Objective: RF Performance
Transmit as little downlink power out of the building as possibleKeep antennas away from exterior glassMinimize macrocell interference
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Design Objective: RF Performance
Sufficiently Low- Loss Reverse Link Path for:Good reverse link voice qualityGood reverse link with minimum power drainMinimize uplink interference to macrocellHigh speed Internet link
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Design Objective: RF Performance
Reliable handoffs with the macrocell SystemWalking into the buildingIn an elevator on all floorsDriving out of basement parking garageExiting via elevated walkway
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Best Placement Objectives
Cover sensitive or secure areas without requiring installation of antennas or cable (i.e. hospitals)
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Best Placement Objectives
Hide or disguise the antenna system for minimum visual impact
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Best Placement Objectives
Achieve design objectives at minimum costEquipment Cost: maximizing efficiency Installation Cost: best technology choice Leasing Cost: distribution system
RBSDark FiberCAT 3 or CAT 5
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The Indoor RF Environment
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The RF Propagation Environment
LossesFadingNoiseRF ExposureRF OverloadMultipath
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Indoor RF Fading Statistics
Bottom Line: Indoor Environment is More ForgivingUse 17 dB C/(I+N) for IS-136 or PDCUse 13 dB C/(I+N) for GSM or GPRSUse 7 dB C/(I+N) for IS-95 or CDMA 2000Lack of substantial multipath inside buildings renders RAKE useless
Outdoor IndoorRayleigh Rician
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Indoor Radio Noise Sources
ComputersRotating MachinesPower Distribution EquipmentRF Heating EquipmentTransmitters
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Indoor Maximum Power Exposure (MPE)
Radiax Produces Low Power DensityBe Careful of Directional Antennas Aimed Toward FloorPreventing Phone Overload Will Keep Power Density Well Below MPEFCC Requires Measuring Power Density for Indoor Sites in US (OET65)
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In-building Distribution Technologies
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In-Building Distribution Technologies
Repeaters (coverage,but no capacity)Bi-directional amplifier (BDA)
Passive Distribution (lossy, short distance)Coaxial cable, splitters
RF Amplifier Distribution (expensive)Coaxial cable, splitters, amplifiers
Active Distribution (requires new wiring)Optical, analog or digital; CAT-5
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Repeater Design Issues
Sufficient capacity in outdoor serving cellNoise floor levels on both sides of BDAAdjusting BDA gains for desired coveragePlacement of BDA and antennasOverall cost vs. performance
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Passive Distribution Design Issues
Noise floor increases due to lossSignal loss through distribution networkAdditional loss due to splitters or tapsUsing radiating cable vs. run- and- dropDesigning multi- antenna “star” topologySingle- or multi- band distributionOverall cost vs. performance
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RF Amplifier Distribution Design Issues
Correct allocation of gain in systemAvoidance of intermod or spurious signalsLimitation: dynamic range headroomBi- directional gain and noise figure designOverall cost vs. performance
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Active Distribution Design Issues
Accurate provisioning: power per RF userExisting vs. installed distribution wiringSingle- mode fiber vs. multi- mode fiberUpgradeable architectureOverall cost vs. performance
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Example of Active Distribution
LGCell™ by LGC WirelessSupports multiple standards and bandsMain Hub connects to BTS/repeaterFiber connects Main Hub to Expansion HubsCAT-5 connects Expansion Hubs to Remote RF unitsUses inexpensive fiber and copper wiring
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Example of Active Distribution
Litenna™ & Rfiber™ by Foxcom WirelessSupports multiple standards and bandsRFiber transceiver connects to BTS/repeaterFiber and optical BDA connect RFiber to Litenna base unitsLitenna base units connect via fiber to many remote hub unitsUses inexpensive fiber and simple connectors
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Example of Active Distribution
Digivance™ by ADCSupports multiple standards and bandsDigital Host Unit connects to BTS/repeaterMulti-mode fiber connects Digital Host Unit to Digital Expansion unitsDigital Expansion Units connect via fiber to many Digital Remote UnitsUses all-digital RF-to-optical transport
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Equipment Options & Design Issues
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Equipment Options
Branching Cable NetworkSignal Conversion for Distribution via:
Fiber Optic CableCheap, Flexible CoaxTwisted PairPre-Installed LAN Wiring
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Branching Cable Network
Microcell Drives Backbone DirectlyLPA and LNA Boost Power Through Backbone Coax CableInstallation Cheap in Many CasesNo Remote Power RequiredCable Runs Limited to 500 Feet
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Branching Cable Network Architecture
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Discrete Antennas vs. Leaky Coax
Uniformity of RF PowerInstallation CostPower Leakage to the OutsideVisual Impact
Discrete Antennas Leaky Coax
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Discrete Antennas
Each Cable Run Ends in One AntennaCreates Hot SpotsTroublesome Near WindowsPhones Operate in Far FieldAdvantage: Directivity and Deployment
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Leaky Coax
Cable Run Is the AntennaNo Hot SpotsPhones Operate in Near FieldBuilding Structure Spoils Far Field PatternSimpler, Costly InstallationInstalls Out of Sight
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RF Power Uniformity & Uplink Path Loss Uniformity
DiscreteAntennas
LeakyCoax
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BriteCell (Allen Telecom)
RF Modulates Laser SignalLight Travels Over Single- Mode FiberFiber Runs to 9800 Feet + CoaxDownlink Power: +18 dBm CompositeCostly Materials, Equipment, Installation
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BriteCell Architecture
Remote
Donor
Duplex Fiber
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Fiber Design Issues
Single vs. Multi- ModeConnector TypesBest Approach: Get Vendor to Approve Fiber
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Allen Telecom CableStar
RF Downconverted to 400 MHzTravels on RG6 or RG11Runs to 3200 Feet + CoaxDownlink Power: +20 dBm CompositeNo Remote Power RequiredSomewhat Weatherproof
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CableStar Architecture
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Ericsson Picocell
All RF Stages Placed Near AntennaCoded Voice Signal Distributed Over 4- Wire LAN CableRuns to 3300 Feet + CoaxDownlink Power: +20 dBm per ChannelCheaper Equipment, Cheap Installation
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Picocell Architecture
CRILeased T1MSC
CRI at Site: 11 Radio Heads Max
X-link
Leased T1
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Picocell Architecture
CRI at MSC: 4 Radio Heads Max
MSC CRI
Leased T1
X-link
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Other Remoting Systems
ADC Telecommucation (Duplex Fiber)LGC Wireless (Twisted Pair or Fiber)Foxcom Wireless (Duplex Fiber)CI Wireless (Duplex Fiber)Andrew Illuminator (Duplex Fiber)Many types of deployed equipment complicates:
Field technician trainingSpares inventory
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Link Budget & Propagation Modeling
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Link Budget (Forward Link)
PA Output + LPA Gain- Network Losses + Network Gains+ Antenna Gains- Prop., Environment & Body Losses
Compare to Noise Floor + Receiver NFConsider most likely radio countConsider various RF distribution methods
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Link Budget (Reverse Link)
Desired Phone Power- Body, Prop. & Environment Losses+ Antenna Gains- Network Losses + Network Gain+ LNA Gain + Multicoupler Gain
Compare to Noise Floor + Receiver NFInclude NF of distribution system
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Propagation Modeling
Keenan- Motley (Seidel- Rappaport)Carter Model for Leaky CoaxMeasurement- Based ModelsRay- tracing
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Keenan-Motley
Extended by Seidel- RappaportPath Loss Exponent, Wavenumber, Distance, Site-specific informationWall & Floor attenuation factorsUsed in SitePlanner®
( ) FmWnrk ⋅+⋅+⋅⋅ logαSource: Seidel and Rappaport, “914 MHz Path Loss Prediction Models for Indoor Wireless Communications in Multifloored Buildings,” IEEE Trans. Ant. Prop., Vol. 40, No. 2, Feb. 1992, pp. 207-217
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Carter Model for Radiax
Radiax is like a uniform line source antennaPower is spread over a cylindrical surface
S D Pr Lav
T T=⋅
⋅ ⋅ ⋅2 π
L
r
Source: K. Carter, “Predicting Propagation Loss from Leaky Coaxial Cable Terminated with an Indoor Antena,” pp. 71-82, 8th Virginia Tech/MPRG Symposium Wireless Communications Proceedings, June 10-12, 1998.
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Carter Model for Radiax
Empirical constants match uniform line source with real- world leaky feeder
70.000637
44.353479
CL 1 f( )
vyj
2.4 103.30 f vxj,
0 1000 2000 300040
60
80Frequency Loss
150 52450 57900 631700 69
CE
LintSource: K. Carter, “Predicting Propagation Loss from Leaky Coaxial Cable Terminated with an Indoor Antena,” pp. 71-82, 8th Virginia Tech/MPRG Symposium Wireless Communications Proceedings, June 10-12, 1998.
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Carter Model for Radiax
Near Field Loss for a long horizontal run:
[ ]L L f r H V C L xL f
r C L x
nf h h h E
h
h E
, , ( , ), , ,log( ) log( )
log( ) .
int
int
=
⋅ + ⋅+ ⋅ − + + ⋅10 20
10 43037Source: K. Carter, “Predicting Propagation Loss from Leaky Coaxial Cable Terminated with an Indoor Antena,” pp. 71-82, 8th Virginia Tech/MPRG Symposium Wireless Communications Proceedings, June 10-12, 1998.
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Indoor RF Losses
WallsFloorsPeopleFurnitureLarge Metal Objects
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Environment Testing
Take measurements of test transmitter signalsCalculate best- fit losses and path loss exponentsBest results obtained with multiple transmittersDesire spatial decorrelation from transmittersTransmitter vendors include BVS, AndrewReceiver vendors include Anritsu, BVS, ZK Celltest, DTI, and EricssonMeasurement software and optimization software for all vendors are produced by Wireless Valley
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Traffic Engineering
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Traffic Engineering
50- 75 mEr/User in officesVaries by business typeUse Erlang B, then over- provisionTrunking efficiency declines with PicocellIndoor handoffs complicate mattersTraffic is very site- specific and event- specificRequires site- specific capacity modeling
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Practical Deployment Issues
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Preparing for Design
Building SurveyLocate Base Station EquipmentPrepare Building Model
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Design Steps
Choose Antenna System EquipmentTake a Best Guess at Initial DesignRun Propagation CalculationsImprove Design CoverageLook for a Cheaper WayProduce Documentation
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Survey
Obtain Letter- Size Floorplan NTSFire Exit MapBrochure From Info Booth
Obtain E Size Scaled Floorplan or CAD FileScout Equipment LocationTake Digital Photos
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Survey
Identify Wall ConstructionLocate Sensitive AreasNote Desired or Undesired Coverage AreasLocate Fire WallsLocate Stacked RoomsDetermine Ceiling Heights and Types
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Survey Photos
Note Photo Number on FloorplanInclude the CeilingShoot Wide for Many DetailsShoot Close & Wide of Possible Antenna LocationsSecurity May Follow YouSmile at Them
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Take Pictures of:
All Candidate Antenna LocationsSkylight Structures & Skylight BoxesUnusual Structures, Large Metal Objects
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Take Pictures of:
Windows, Entrances, Back HallwaysCorridors, Equipment RoomsAreas Where Crowds Gather
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Building Structure Types
Brick or Poured Concrete Supporting WallsPrisons, Historic Buildings, COs
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Building Structure Types
Concrete Block Walls, Steel SkeletonSchools, MallsSupermarketsDept. StoresHome Depot
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Building Structure Types
Poured Concrete CellsCondosSmall HotelsApartments
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Building Structure Types
Curtain Wall, Reinforced Concrete CoreGlass Office Buildings
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Building Structure Types
Wood FrameSmall Apartment BuildingsSingle Family Homes
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Airport Terminal
Vast Areas to CoverTremendous Cable Run LengthsHuge Capacity NeedsSensitive Area: Customs
Consider Fiber DistributionLarge Metal Objects: Escalators, Baggage Carousels
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Arena, Convention Center
One Huge Open SpaceOffices and CorridorsConsider Distributed Antenna System passive or activeTraffic Engineering Nightmare
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Shopping Mall
Minimum Visual ImpactGlass Store Fronts Pass RFCovering Anchor Stores DifficultNeed Skylight PlanCapacity Demands are High
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Office Tower
Glass Curtain Wall ConstructionElevators & Bathrooms in CoreLow transmit Power on Upper FloorsRadiax Above Hung CeilingHot RF from Roof Antennas?
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Factory
Open Space Plus OfficesMany Noise SourcesSensitive Areas: Clean Rooms, R&D LabsCover the Break Rooms& Smoking Areas
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Airplane Hangar, Kmart
Open Space with Large Metal ObjectsRepeater with One AntennaPossibly Picocell with Built- in AntennaMay Require Testing After Installation
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Guidelines
Cable Fire RatingsPuncturing Fire WallsLeaky Coax TypesLeaky Coax InstallationIndoor AntennasMounting AntennasDocumentation
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Cable Fire Ratings
Refers to the jacketing & dielectric materialsPlenum - CATVPRiser – CATVR
Suitable Coax: Andrew RXP
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Leaky Feeder Types
dB TransFill Andrew RadiaxAir vs. Foam CorePractical Size for Indoor: 1/2”
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Installing Leaky Feeder
Mount With Standoff >= 2”Avoid Mounting Along Continuous MetalAvoid Installing Directly Above Light Fixtures or DuctsTrack Inventory and Installation Cost in SitePlanner
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Indoor Antennas
Indoor Antennas vs. Outdoor AntennasEMS OmniAllgonDB DiamondMany Others
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Antenna Mounting
Below Hung CeilingOn WallHide the PortNo Metal/Concrete in Near FieldDirectionals in the Skylight Structure
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Documenting Your Design
PlansLegendDetail DrawingsBackbone DiagramBill of MaterialsPhoto SimsFiles Stored Safely
884M AMP DuplexerTxRx
TxRx
36' 7/8" feeder 330' RXP4-2
34' 7
/8" f
eede
r13
' 1/2
" fee
der
13' 1
/2" f
eede
r
54' 7/8" feeder 323' RXP4-2
80' 7/8" feeder 330' RXP4-2
158' RXP4-2
125' RXP4-2
30' 1
/2"
fee d
er
4th Floor
3rd Floor
2ndFloor
1st Floor
Parking Level
50-ohmtermination
50-ohmtermination
2nd Floor
Antenna End Detail
falseceiling
3 ft.6 to 10 ft.
antenna
floor
10 ft. or 10'9"12 ft.
SitePlanner® does all of this!
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Quick and Easy Data Collection
Collectedmeasurement
data points
Collectedmeasurement
data points
Now with a Palm IIIc using InFielder® PDA
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Design Methods
Cut and Try – old method Educated Guess – old method Keenan- Motley w/spreadsheet – currentBetter Models - SitePlanner®
Better Calculators - SitePlanner®
Graphical Environment – SitePlanner®
Automatic archiving - SitePlanner®
Asset Management – SitePlanner®
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Design Tools
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How can we talk the same language?
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Millions of Buildings … So Little Time
How can we quickly design systems?How can we compare technologies?How can we save and communicate designs?How will integrators become designers?How will vendors verify design guidelines?How will building owners track hardware?How will we manage and maintain the in- building infrastructure?
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Spreadsheet Tools
Difficult to UseNo Design GraphicsFew Antenna PatternsQuestionable SupportNo Design StorageDifficult to Interpret, except for Engineers
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Design/Planning History: Macrocell Design
Original use of planning tools was for outdoor cellular networks - RF design and planningPlanning decisions and tower placements could be simulated and analyzed prior to deploymentDesign strategies and techniques improvedCell tower placement became more efficientLacked asset management or document supportDifficult to track installed tower infrastructure
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VA Tech MPRG Research
Early in- building propagation workDecade of measurement experienceDecade of modeling and optimization experienceDecade of Industry suggestions and practical adviceSitePlanner is the result of over 30 years of student research
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VA Tech MPRG Research (cont.)
MPRG students and staff researchers have contributed to the body of knowledge used in theSitePlanner concept:
Scott Seidel, Joe Liberti, Dwayne Hawbaker, Ken Blackard, Alan Fox, Roger Skidmore, Idine Ghoreishain, Greg Durgin, Neal Patwari, Ray Lovestead, Ben Henty, Brian Gold, Charles Lepple, Bob Boyle, Kirk Carter, Juin Siew, Wesley Rios, Manish Panjwani
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SitePlanner® Features and Benefits
Facilitates rapid cost and performance tradeoff analysis of all technologies at low overall costSimultaneously supports site designs, surveys, verification, and documentation with 3D graphical representation and complete database recordAutomatic archiving of installed infrastructureAutomatic bill of materials created during designAsset management facilities built inCellular, PCS, 3G, WLAN, MMDS, and beyondAccurate and practical modeling of any campus wireless system
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SitePlanner: Planning, Design, and Management for In-Building Telecom
Provides rapid system design of complex technologies while minimizing costs and meeting coverage and capacity needsIndoor wireless coverage is non-intuitive and complex, but SitePlanner provides huge cost/time savings and rapidly trains the userSitePlanner allows flexibility and rapid “what if” designs to meet specific needs of customers Easy visualization of proposed systemsSitePlanner provides simultaneous performance analysis, wireless equipment tracking, project documentation, and asset management!
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The SitePlanner® Design Environment
InFielder®
ultra-portable3-D site-specific measurements
Predictor™3-D site-specific
design, prediction, asset management
BDM™
3-D site modeling and archiving environment
Optimatic®
optimize 3-D wireless designs
using field measurements
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SitePlanner 2000 and Add- On Modules Work Together
InFielder® PDAultra-portable 3-D site-specific
measurement, asset management, and visualization of network performance
on the Palm IIICTM
LANFielder™3-D site-specific 802.11b
WLAN measurement
WaveSpyTM
Lightweight portable fast scanning receiver for all
digital and analog wireless standards
InFielder ® Predictor™
BDM ™Optimatic®
SiteSpy™802.11b WLAN measurement,
traffic generation
SitePlanner ®
GPS Drive-Test Option for WaveSpy
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Typical Design Steps
Use SitePlanner to simulate RF performance of several straw- man designs in facility of interest In- situ site survey and measurements with SitePlanner, including interference, throughput or signal strength with transmitter locations from most promising straw- man designsUse SitePlanner field measurements to optimize network performance and select final layout System Installation and Site- survey/performance verification in SitePlannerSitePlanner provides Maintenance and Design Archiving for on- going support of infrastructure
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Common Uses of SitePlanner
Common software platform provides sharing of designs and “as-builts” throughout an organization or across users on a projectAllows vendors, consultants, integrators, and manufacturers to share and archive designsProvides an objective “level playing field” for all in-building design, deployment, and optimization workAllows new hires or inexperienced personnel to become rapidly proficient in the field of in-building wireless design, specification, or integrationProvides retrievable records of all aspects of an in-building project, for quality audits and maintenanceSitePlanner can be shared by engineers, facilities managers, and accounting staff from cradle-to-grave
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Point and click with the mouse to visually position wireless system components such as cables, antennas, amplifiers, splitters, in the building!
SitePlanner® Graphical System Design
Fiber Remote
Leaky Feeder
Antenna
Components are picked from a customizable Parts List Library consisting of more than 3,000 components from over three dozen manufacturers
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SitePlanner® Built-in Components Database
Parts List Library contains thousands of antennas, amplifiers, cables, splitters, and leaky feeder antennas
Quickly and easily analyze design tradeoffs in terms of cost andperformance with the click of the mouse, while creating a complete bill-of-materials and cost analysis
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SitePlanner® Instant Point Predictions for placmentsSitePlanner® Instant Point Predictions for placments
Simply move the mouse cursor and watch in real-time as the composite system coverage is updated and displayed at thatpoint instantly!
Simply move the mouse cursor and watch in real-time as the composite system coverage is updated and displayed at thatpoint instantly!
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SitePlanner ® Instant Antenna PositioningSitePlanner SitePlanner ®® Instant Antenna PositioningInstant Antenna PositioningMoving the mouse on the screencorresponds to repositioning orre-orienting a selected antenna.The new coverage area of theantenna is updated in real-time!
Moving the mouse on the screencorresponds to repositioning orre-orienting a selected antenna.The new coverage area of theantenna is updated in real-time!
New antennaposition Updated
coverageregion
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SitePlanner® Wireless System Layout
In real time, SitePlanner allows the user to analyze performance by creating a graphical wireless system component interconnection diagram, while simultaneously creating bill of materials and complete cost analysis
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SitePlanner® Graphical Partition InputSitePlanner® Graphical Partition Input
Quickly and easily create 3D building models from CAD drawing files or scanned blueprints.
Quickly and easily create 3D building models from CAD drawing files or scanned blueprints.
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All Wireless Standards/Air Interfaces Directly Supported in SitePlanner®
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Coverage Area Predictions in SitePlanner®
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Composite Coverage in SitePlanner ®Composite Coverage in SitePlanner ®
Shopping mallstore walls
Leaky FeederAntenna System
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Composite Coverage in SitePlanner®Composite Coverage in SitePlanner®
Shopping mallstore walls
Leaky FeederAntenna Systems
Signal leakageoutside the building
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Composite Coverage in SitePlanner®
Multiple, Distributed
Antenna Systems
Microcell
(outside building)
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SitePlannerTM also models Macrocells!
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0.33 km-50 dBm
-70 dBm
-90 dBm
RSSI
M1
M2
M3
U1
U2
U3
U4
U5
U6
SitePlanner® Macrocell Modeling of Chicago
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45 dB
30 dB
15 dB
40m
C/I
SitePlanner® models inside the building (point omni-antenna) using Macrocell system parameters
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45 dB
30 dB
15 dB
40m
C/I
SitePlanner® models inside the building (distributed antenna) using Macrocell system parameters
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Automatic Bill of Materials
SitePlanner® Automaticallytracks full bill of materials for your design
Automatically tracks both physical and installation cost for all components
Enables least- cost design
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Measurement Data Collection InFielder®
and InFielder® PDA
Collected
measurement
data points
Plug-and-Play operation with:
Our WaveSpy AgilentZK Celltest IEEE 802.11BVS TektronixProtek GraysonAnritsu SafcoTEMS Light DTI
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Optimization using Optimatic
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Case Study: Cellular/PCS Design in Shopping Mall
~2 million sq. ft. shopping centerDesign phase took less than a day by a single system engineer, compared to usual time of 2 – 3 weeks without SitePlannerTechnology:
IS-136 picocellPopular Fiber-based active distribution systemMixture of directional and omnidirectional antennas, and radiating cableUse of radiating cable intensifies need for accurate, upfront design
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Case Study: Floor Plan of Mall
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Cellular/PCS Design
SitePlanner allowed instant selection of pre-approved distribution components, both passive and activeSitePlanner simultaneously computed coverage, capacity, installation cost, equipment cost, and created a complete bill of materials and graphical documents of proposed designThe completed design was stored, transported, displayed, and used throughout the enterprise to provide a complete record of the installed project
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Case Study: 3D Shopping Mall Model
12 minutes to create from scanned floorplan
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Shopping mallstore walls
Leaky FeederAntenna System
Required < 2 minutes on a Pentium II 300 MHz PC
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Shopping Mall Case Study: Conclusions
Customer saved several weeks of time on overall design and deployment
Verification confirmed an accuracy within 5 dB standard deviation (predicted vs. measured)Rapid predictions enabled numerous design tradeoffs to be analyzed within hours
Greater RF designer satisfactionDesigner can “see” performance
Greater building owner satisfactionBuilding owner can “see” performance
Automatic archival of design critical
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Wireless LAN Planning: LANFielder™and SiteSpy™
Measurement results that youcan understand without being an RF Engineer
Provides wireless data network measurement using client/server technique
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Case Study: WLAN Design
100,000 sq. ft., multi- story academic building on the University of Virginia Tech campusTechnology:
IEEE 802.11b, 2.4 GHz DS-SS Wireless LAN11 Mbps Cabletron RoamAbout access points and modems (Lucent/ORiNOCO OEM)
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WLAN Design: 3D Model
10 minutes from CAD file to SitePlanner model
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Predicted signal strength for 3 Wireless LAN Access Points
WLAN Design: Predicted Performance
<60 seconds on PII 300
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Visualizing WLAN Measurements
Required < 1 minute on a Pentium II 300 MHz PC
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Conclusions: WLAN Design
Rapid predictions enabled analysis of 3 completely different system configurations 3D modeling enabled designer to leverage cross-floor coverage of signalEnabled accurate outdoor coverage estimatesVerification measurements validated predictions to within 3 feetComplete design (12 access points) required only an hour and was performed interactively
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Conclusions: WLAN Design
Significant time savings on overall design and deployment
Verification confirmed an accuracy within 5 dB standard deviation (predicted vs. measured)Rapid predictions enabled numerous design tradeoffs to be analyzed
Greater RF designer satisfactionDesigner can “see” performance
Greater building owner satisfactionBuilding owner can “see” performance
Automatic design archiving and asset management is a key benefit of SitePlanner!
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Conclusion
In- building/campus systems proliferating rapidly Engineering work load increasing rapidly Technology cost comparisons vital for deployment efficiencies Visual and textual records required for common procedures and shared strategies, archiving SitePlanner® facilitates cost and time savings for rapid deployment and ongoing maintenance for any in- building or campus system
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Final Remarks
In- building wireless is next growth phaseMany distribution methods to choose fromMany design issues to confrontRF Planning tools ease wireless system design
intelligent design tradeoffscompetitive system analysis and comparisons
SitePlanner is based on over a decade of Virginia Tech research, and offers a revolutionary design environment that supports in- building wirelessSitePlanner provides real cost and time savings for rapid deployment and ongoing maintenance Indoor design demonstrations