Out of 162 countries, these are the rankings: Philippines (9) Thailand (10) Indonesia (31) Myanmar (35) Malaysia (48) Cambodia (98) Singapore, Vietnam (124)

In 2014, Indonesia had four fatalities from terrorist groups, but more than a dozen groups were operating.

Numbers rising, but it’s always important to ask who is being counted:

Adults only or whole families? Potential fighters/residents or also humanitarian missions? ISIS only or all militias?

Detachment 88 figures: 136 (9 adults in last group of 16); 11 killed, 11 returned, 3 arrested.

Big waiting list for all sending channels Interest in going to Syria correlates with decline

in violence at home, because jihad there more important -- but this could change.

The prison link remains important, making the need for better prison programs crucial. (About 90 convicted terrorists were released in 2013-14, could be over 150 in 2015-16.)

Better off, better educated people being

attracted; university campuses are now fertile ground.

1. TAKE PART IN THE FINAL BATTLE Several hadith say that the war at the end of time will take place in Sham, where the Imam Mahdi will lead Islam to victory. Many Muslims want to be there to take part.

Ustad Lotfi Arifin, 48, from Kedah, alumni Afghan, joined Ajnad al-Sham, not ISIS. Died after being shot in Hama, Syria on 14 September 2014.

For discussion of Ust Lotfi and why he went to fight, see

http://nyti.ms/1y0cpGc “A Jihadist in Our Family”

Desire to take part in jihad, any jihad, and this one is easiest to get to

Not necessarily attracted by IS ideology

Factor in some released prisoners’ decision

Abdul Rauf, a minor player in the 2002

Bali bombing from the Darul Islam faction

known as Ring Banten was released in 2011,

went to Syria in early 2014, died in

Ramadi, Iraq, May 2014.

SOME HAVE BEEN ATTRACTED BY THE MONTHLY STIPEND THAT IS PROVIDES TO RECRUITS. THEY GET A SALARY, FREE FOOD, FURNISHED APARTMENT, FREE SCHOOL AND MEDICAL AID. SOLUTION?

Participate in a new state

Contribute needed skills

Live by Islamic law

But some of the strongest opposition to IS comes from those who believe that al-Baghdadi was not chosen caliph according to proper procedures.

Omar Bakri Muhammad came to Indonesia in April 2013 from Lebanon and took

Part in a program with Bahrum Syah, now in Syria

OFFLINE: RELIGIOUS STUDY

ONLINE: WEBSITE, SOSIAL MEDIA

IS, Jabhat al-Nusra and Salafy channels.

Harder to go through the JN channels becouse this channel is monopolised by JI. Non member of JI difficult to joint this channel. Reason several people who don’t

AFIF A. MAJID

A few people have managed to

find their own way there – Afif

Abdul Majid was rejected by

other channels, found a PUSKESMAS

doctor with Syrian connections.

HOW TO GO TO SYRIA?

someone must get “a tazkiyah” or clearence and approval from someone already in Syria or from a local selection committee. Most pay their own way to Turkey border

PRO JN & ANTI IS/ISIS: JI, MMI, JAS

They reject ISIS for various reasons: ISIS is considered takfiri (easy to accuse other Moslem as infidel). Any party that refuses to pledge loyalty is considered as infidel. That is why ISIS has no problem killing other Muslims. Even ISIS has killed not only ordinary muslim but also leader of jihadi group. Because of this, JI labels ISIS as “khawarij”

For some jihadis ISIS is not even a state, let alone a caliphate. It is only an organisation. The process of appointing Abu Bakar Al Baghdadi as leader is seen as violating Islamic law because it did not take place via a religious council representing the whole Islamic community.

PRO IS/ISIS: JAT, ABU SAYYAF, BIFF ETC.

IS seriously commited to implementing Shari’ah (Islamic law). ISIS has also declared itself as an Islamic State (Dawlah khilafah).

They also see IS as fulfilling the conditions for what is known as the “khilafah minhajul nubuwah” or the end-of-the-world caliphate because one hadith says that at the end of time, the khilafah minhajul nubuwah will appear following the fall of “Mulkan jabariyah” or dictators in the Arabian peninsula . Another hadith mentions that the caliphate will be led by a Quraishy and descendant of the Prophet. They see Abu Bakar Al Baghdadi as a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad.

No single profile: Some are poorly educated, 0thers are well-trained professionals. Thus far most of the fighters have some direct link to radical organisations. Some are well-off, some are poor. In Bekasi there is a pengajian led by Ustadz Abu Musa – a student of Aman Abdurrahman– whose members are mostly middle-class, including some who have their own companies.

Until now students have not been prominent members of extremist organisations.

One reason is that they can’t compete with Islamist groups on campus such as HTI, the tarbiyah movement (PKS) and various salafi groups. But there is a new group of recr uits that we’ve rarely seen in extremist groups since the 2000. Who are they? One new group of ISIS supporters is GEMA SALAM (Gerakan Mahasiwa Untuk Syariat Islam). They run the website shoutussalam.org. They are the ones translating the ISIS magazine into Indonesian.

The original members of Gema Salam were members of ROHIS in Solo high schools who were taught by jihadis, then deployed through different universities to spread salafi jihadism. Many were trainied by JAT and followers of Aman Abdurrahman. In 2013 Gema Salam began supporting ISIS.

Quiet growth of JI since 2007

Documents from 2013 that show its search for professionals

Evidence of university recruiting

Role of Syria

Efforts to prevent people from going but no legal tools

No effective counter-

radicalisation programs

Concern about TNI role, especially in Poso

Next BNPT head could also be military

Need criteria and procedures

Like “terrorist lists” kept by US Treasury and UN

Frustration at not being able to go could produce determination to wage war at home

Supervision has improved somewhat in Indonesia, but --

Prison guards are still intimidated by terrorist prisoners

Ideological tracts are still being translated and discussed

Prisoners have links to the outside

Abu Bakar Ba’asyir and friends in Pasir Putih

Super Maximum Security Prison,

Nusakambangan, 2 July 2014

SEBELUM: FEBRUARI 2014 SESUDAH: AGUSTUS 2014

Mesjid M Ramadhan di Bekasi Selatan diambil alih masyakarat (dan polisi dan

FPI, FBR dll) pada bulan April. Sebelumnya, pada tanggal 15 Februari, Bahrum

Syah jadi narasumber untuk suatu program pro-ISIS. Apakah pemerintah bisa

belajar dari kasus-kasus dimana masyarakat berhasil mengusir para ektremis?