impulsive currents, application in physiotherapy prof. mysula i.r
TRANSCRIPT
Types of impulsive current
The Leduc’s Current - is one of the impulses of rectangular form
Frequency of impulses is 1-130 Hz, duration of every impulse is 0,2-2 ms
Activation the depression processes in a brain cortex cause the state similar to physiological sleep - electro-sleep
Types of impulsive current
Tetanic current is one of the impulses of triangular form (with a sharp top)
Frequency of impulses is 100 Hz, duration of every impulse is 1-1,5 ms
Causes the muscles contraction. It is applied for muscle exercises in the case of muscle strength decrease.
Types of impulsive current
The Lapec’s Current is one of the impulses of exponential form
Frequency of impulses is 8 -100 Hz, duration of every impulse is 2 - 60 ms
It is applied for the electro-gymnastics of muscles, frequency and duration of impulses used depends on the degree of muscles damage.
Effects in tissues depending Effects in tissues depending on current’s frequencyon current’s frequency
1-10 Hz - stimulation of sympatic nerves 21-100 Hz - stimulation of parasympatic
nerves
30 Hz - stimulation of the smooth muscles
80-150 Hz - stimulation of the strips muscles, decrease of pain
100 Hz - blocks conducting of impulses in sympatic nerves
Advantages of impulsive currents application
slow development of tissues adaptation to action of physical factor
specific action, that differs one factor from another
intensive therapeutic action with the minimum loading on an organism
Basic effects in tissuesBasic effects in tissues
Electro-stimulatory Anaesthetic Improvement of electric current
conductivity in tissues Trophic Plastic Increase the functional activity of CNS Secretory
Electro-stimulatory effectElectro-stimulatory effect
Nerve-muscle synaps is cholinergic
The production of acetylcholine is activated at current frequency 21-100 Hz with an optimum 50 Hz
Contraction of myofibrils in this diapason of current frequency
AnaestheticAnaestheticTheory of pain gate Melzack, Wall
SG T
+
M
Thin myelinic fibres
Thick myelinic fibres
+
-
Improvement of electric current Improvement of electric current conductivity in tissues conductivity in tissues
H2OH+
+OH-
- +KCl K++Cl-
NaCl Na++Cl-
MgSO4 Mg+++SO4--
CaCO3 Ca+++CO3-2
H2OH+
+OH-
Cathode Anode
Cathode Anode
K+K+ Na+Na+
K+Na+ Ca++Mg++
K++OH- KOHNa++OH- NaOH
H++Cl- HClH++SO4
-2 H2SO4
H++CO3-2 H2CO3
Improvement of electric current Improvement of electric current conductivity in tissues conductivity in tissues
Time of polarization depending on the level of structure organization:
for electronic polarization - 10-16 - 10-14 s for ionic polarization - 10-14 - 10-12 s for dipol polarization - 10-13 - 10-7 s for macrostructural polarization - 10-8 - 10-3 s for superficial polarization - 10-3 – 1s
Increase CNS functional activityIncrease CNS functional activity
Receptors of muscles and skin are activating
Impulses from them by ascending ways are transmitted to the CNS
Indications for using of Indications for using of impulsive currentsimpulsive currents
Antiinflamable and anaesthetic action
Paresises, paralyses. Pain syndromes of different genesis І-ІІ stage of arterial hypertension Diseases of the urogenital system. Diseases of digestion organs Diseases of the respiratory system. Arthrosis, rheumatic diseases of joints, periarthritic. Vein stagnation. Functional impotence.
Contra-indication for using of Contra-indication for using of impulsive currentsimpulsive currents
1. General2. Acute inflammatory processes3. A few days after fractures of bones,
haematomas4. Сholelithiasis, nephrolithiasis (with
the exception the localisation of concrements in the distal part)
5. Eye diseases6. Unbearable of current
Basic methods of impulsive Basic methods of impulsive currents treatmentcurrents treatment
1. Electrodiagnostic, electro-stimulation of muscles.
2. Electro-sleep.
3. Diadynamotherapy.
4. Amplipulstherapy.
5. Interferenstherapy.
6. Fluctuorization.
Electrodiagnostics
This method can define the functional state of muscles and nerves after the reaction on the dosed influence of electric current
Electrodiagnostics
Task - to detect the nerve regeneration (presence of complete or partial nerve damage).
At the partial of nerve damage muscle stimulation will be conducted through a nerve, at complete damage - directly through a muscle.
Electrostimulation
Applications of impulsive electric current in order to stimulate organs or systems activity.
It is administered only after 4 weeks from disease beginning (in absence of inflammation)
Electrostimulation
Indications paresises, paralyses
muscular atrophy (after immobilization)
atony of intestine, uterus, urinary bladder
Electrostimulation
Contra-indication General
spastic conditions of skeletal muscules and internal organs
hysteria
Electrosleep
Neurotropic unpharmacological influence on CNS by the direct impulsive current of low frequency and small force
The form of impulses is rectangular Frequency is 10-150 Hz Duration of impulse is 0,2-2 mc Strength of current is up to 10 mA
Electrosleep
Electrode fixation for electrosleep
a - middle cuffb – eye electrodec – electrode on mastoideus
Electrosleep
It is possible to apply at the degenerative and functional brain changes
At degenerative 5-20 Hz
At functional changes current frequency is 60-120 Hz
Electrosleep
Indications neuroses, neuralgias, encephalitis,
consequences of cranial-cerebral trauma, especially with sleeping disorders
І-ІІ stage of arterial hypertension ischemic heart disease hypothyreosis diabetus mellitus phantomic pain tumor afer radical operations
Electrosleep
Contra-indication general unbearabless of rectangular current hysteria damages of skin in the place of
electrodes imposition presence of metallic objects in a brain eye diseases
Diadynamotherapy
Method of electrotherapy at which direct impulsive currents with frequency 50 Hz, 100 Hz (or its combinations) influence on the human body.
Diadynamotherapy
50 Hz - stimulatory action.
100 Hz - anaesthetic actions, increase of tisues conductivity.
Diadynamotherapy
Indications inflammatory processes in muscles, joints,
ligaments, nerves atony of intestine decrease of muscles strenth vascular diseases (the Reyno syndrome,
migraine, and others like that) pain syndromes (with the exception of that
included in contra-indications)
Diadynamotherapy
Contra-indication general specific for galvanization individual unbearablessnes of current presence of purulent infection fractures of bones dislocations hemorrhage tromboflebitis urolithiasis and cholelithiasis
Amplipulstherapy
Using of sinusoidal alternative modulated current with small force in the impulsive mode for the medical purpose
Frequency - 5000 Hz It is modulated by the current of low
frequency in range from 10 to 150 Hz
Amplipulstherapy
Advantages good bearablesness by patients
absence of skin irritation in the influenced zone
deep penetration in tissues
Amplipulstherapy
An stimulatory effect can be increase:
by decrease of modulation frequency to 10 Hz
by increase of pauses duration to 6 s
by increase of modulation depth to 100 %
by application of the straightened current
Fluctuorization
Method of electrotherapy with using of sinusoid alternating current of small force and small tension, which is helter-skelter changing after amplitude and frequency within the limits of 100-2000 Hz
Fluctuorization
Indication parodonthosis, alveolitis
inflammatory diseases of cranial nerves
diseases of muscle-bone apparatus
Interferenstherapy
Using with the medical purpose of interference currents, forming appear in tissues after imposition of two alternating currents with the same amplitude, but with different frequencies