improving the uptake of global data sets dr wolfgang grabs chief, hydrological forecasting and water...
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ClimateChange
IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS
Dr Wolfgang GrabsChief, Hydrological Forecasting and Water Management
Climate and Water [email protected]
IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS
• Matching user requirements with available observations,
• Demand driven Improvement of current observations (temporal, spatial, accuracy, new observation platforms…)
• Improve on data sharing agreements and protocols• Improve access to data: Need for metadata
catalogs and inter-operable data management• Improve (tele)communication modes
IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS
• Maintaining stream of observations into global databases
• Improve quality control of observations and uptake in global datasets
• Feedback and gratification for data providers (!!!)
• Interactive linkage of global data sets
• From data to informationFrom data to information: Building data products
• Aggregate data sets to interactive, multiple-layer multiple variable products (i.e. hydrology, precipitation, groundwater, soil moisture, climate..)
IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS
Making improved use of observations for modeling (example):
Framework for Aquatic Modeling of the Earth System (FrAMES) – Vörösmarty et al, 2008
Highly modular platform for model development allowing a high degree of configuration capabilities and ease of various input data. Next generation FrAMES will provide an XML based model definition for the implementation of various model processes. Inputs are managed by plug-in infrastructure to allow the implementation of different data streams through direct file access to different file formats or access into web-based data services.
Examples for Data Portals
Global Data Sets - Platforms
FLASH FLOOD THREAT 3-HOUR UPDATE
Challenges to the production of Global Data Sets (examples)
• Inadequate / deteriorating systems for collecting and managing water-resources related information
• Little or no-quality assurance & control standards applied to instruments, data reduction methods and procedures
• Insufficient basic capabilities to access, interpret, and apply water cycle information available from satellite systems
Declining ability of the National Hydrological Services (NHSs) and related water agencies to provide
information on the status and trend of water resources
« Rationalization » of networks: Stations with long-term records are abandoned because it is felt that no
incremental hydrological information can be obtained for i.e. engineering/design purposes.
This neglects the potentially changing hydrological regime as a result of climate change.
Long-term hydrological records are indispensible to assess impacts of climate change and to derive adaptive measures.
Declining Hydrological Networks:
USGS example
Source: http://water.usgs.gov/nsip/history.html
From 1980 to 2004, 2,051 stream gauges with 30 or more years of streamflow record were discontinued. At the end of 2005, 7360 stations were active
Decline of hydrological stations in Kirgizstan (Aral Sea Basin) 1985-2005
147 146 145137135
127 128120123 118
97 96
85 8575 75 75 76 76 76 76 76
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005Годы
Динамика сокращения наблюдений гидрологической сети Кыргызгидромета
Ги
др
опо
сты
Number of hydrological stations declined by 48% in the period 1985-2005
Approaches to Facilitating Access and Uptake
Global Data Sets
Cataloging datasets
• Index of Datasets• Product Catalog
– Printed– On-line
• Clearinghouse– Searching– Browsing
• Data Warehouse– Management
Locate Evaluate Extract
Federal Agency
Academic
State Agency
Local Agency
Private Company
Non-Profit Agency
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?
?
?
?
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ClientClient MetadataSpatialData Set
Call for services to easily identify, evaluate, access hydrologic dataCall for standard of formats and transfers, for standard of descriptionsGRDC - exchange of hydrologic data and information on global scale
Various data users from all over the world require special datasets.GRDC - facilitator between the producers and users of hydrologic data
WMO Information System - WIS brings new features and opportunities
• Common information exchange standards, functions and
services for all WMO programmes
• Inter-disciplinary discovery, retrieval and exchange of information in real-time and non-real time
• Inter-operability through on-line catalogues using metadata based on ISO 19100 (geographic information standard)
• Industry standards and off-the-shelf hardware and software systems to ensure cost-effectiveness and compatibility
Structure of WIS
Functional centres interconnected by data communication networks:
• National Centres (NC)– Links national data providers and users to regional and global data
exchange nodes, and administrates access to WIS
• Data Collection and Production Centres (DCPC)– Provides for regional and international exchange of WMO
programmes’ data and products– Supports data and information push and pull
• Global Information System Centres (GISC)– Provides for global exchange of data and products– Collects and provides metadata for all data and products– Supports data and information discovery and pull
GAW World Data Centres
GCOS Data Centres
Global Run-off Data Centre
Global Precip. Climatology Centre
IRI, Hadley Centre, and other climate research centres; Universities;Regional Climate Centres(CIIFEN, etc.)
International Organizations (IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. )
Commercial Service
Providers
World Radiation Centre
Regional Instrument Centres
WMO World Data Centres
International Projects (e.g. GMES HALO)
Real-time “push”On-demand “pull”
internet
DCPC
NC/DCPC
NCNC
NC/DCPC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
GISC
GISCGISC
SatelliteTwo-Way Systems
Satellite Dissemination(IGDDS, RETIM,
etc)
NC
NC
DCPC
GISC GISC
DCPC
WISWIS
GTSIGDDS
GTSIGDDS
WeatherDomain
WeatherDomain
ClimateDomain
ClimateDomain
WaterDomain
WaterDomain
G E OG E O
HealthHealth EnergyEnergy DisastersDisasters WeatherWeather ClimateClimate WaterWater AgricultureAgriculture
EcosystemsEcosystems BiodiversityBiodiversity
W M OW M O
InternetInternet GEO-NetCast
GEO-NetCast
W I SW I S
WIS contribution to GEO
Thank You