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UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York, May 10th 2011
Improving the sustainability of transport – The rail sector as a case study
Henning SchwarzHead of Unit Sustainable Development, International Union of Railways (UIC)
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011 2
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011 3
UIC Mission
Promoting the development of rail transport
at world level,
in order to meet challenges
of mobility and sustainable development
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011
The mobility challenge
> The explosion in global mobility has created environmental challenges
> Transport accounts for over 50% of world consumption of fossil fuels – forecast
to increase to 60% in 2035
> Within transport rail accounts for 2% of CO2 emissions
4
73%
2%
4%
7%
2%
9%3%
Road
Rail
Domestic Aviation
International Aviation
Domestic Navigation
International Shipping
Other transport
Transport CO2 emissions 2008
Source: International Transport Forum, Transport Greenhouse Gas Emmissions 2010
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011
Rail is a low carbon transport mode
www.ecotransit.org
(global carbon footprinting freight)
www.ecopassenger.org
(carbon footprinting passenger Europe)
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011
Capacity CO2
Safety Noise
Rail compared to other modes
6
2,77
0,160,01
0
1
2
3
4
Car Bus Rail
Deaths per billion passenger - km in Germany 2008
Source: Allianz pro Schiene, Germany 2010
Source: Data by Alstomi and Calculation by SYSTRA
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011 7
The general concept for transport:
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011 88
Shift – Example High Speed Rail in Spain
Example AVE Madrid-SevillaAlthough one third of passengers are induced traffic overall CO2 emissions reduced by
60% on the corridor
0,0%10,0%20,0%
30,0%40,0%50,0%60,0%70,0%
80,0%90,0%
100,0%
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Plane Train
Source: Renfe 2009
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011 9
Improve – Strategic ambitions of European rail sector
* Base year 1990: measured per passenger-km (passenger service) and gross
tonne-km (freight service)
Target 2020Reduction of specific CO2 emissions from train operation by
30%*
Target 2030Reduction of specific CO2 emissions from train operation by
50%*
Vision 2050
European railways will strive towards carbon-free train
operation by 2050
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011
Bringing it together: Declaration on Sustainable Mobility & Transport
> 18 statements on rail’s contribution and commitment to
sustainable development
> 2012: Rio 20+: First rail sector sustainability report
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011
Conclusions
> Rail is…
a low carbon mode
a very safe transport mode
a very resource efficient mass transport
system
> Rail has an important social and
economic role:
We are a major employer
We are key to the movement of freight
We are a solution to traffic congestion
> The challenge is to design fully inter-
modally connected sustainable mass
transport systems!
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Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011
Outlook – sustainable transport
> A sustainable transport system combines the
strengths of all transport modes in one integrated
system
> Policies and funding strategies should follow a set
of key sustainability indicators for transport
Qualified decisions for policymaking
Qualified decisions for investment
> Rail is prepared to be the backbone of such
sustainable transport systems!
12
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011 13
Thank you for your kind attention!
Contact: Henning Schwarz ([email protected]), www.uic-sustainability.org
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011 14
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Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Car Bus Rail Aviation Road Shipping Rail Aviation
Passenger Freight
Total
Urban Effects
Up/Down stream
Nature &
LandscapeClimate Change
Air Pollution
Noise
Average costs in 2000 by cost category & transport mode (Euro / 1000pkm)
Source: INFRAS/IWW, External costs of Transport, 2004
Rail has lowest environmental impacts
Henning Schwarz, UIC - UN CSD 19 Learning Centre – New York May 10th 2011 16
Worldwide approaches to saving energy
Australia - The Freightmiser system is an in-cab advice system that assists long-haul
train drivers to stay on time and minimise fuel consumption. Industry trials have found fuel
savings of between 5% and 20%, with no increase to journey times
USA - Regenerative braking is a whereby electric traction motors become generators,
converting the energy of the train brake into usable power. In the United States these
braking systems have allowed Amtrak to reduce energy consumption by 8%.
Sweden – The “Gröna Tåget” (Green Train) research shows further potential for
reductions in energy consumption per seat km by 32% on the existing Stockholm to
Gothenburg line through increased seating capacity and an increase in regenerative
energy capacity.
Japan – Improvements in the design of Japanese Shinkansen trains, such as optimizing
the length and shape of the lead nose and significantly reducing weight, have reduced
energy consumption by 40% despite increase in maximum speed.