Improving targeting and delivery

Group 4: Making Social Protection Work for Pro-Poor Disaster Risk Reduction

and Climate Change Adaptation

Conceptual Framework

• SP + DRR + CCA: – All aim to tackle vulnerability not necessarily poverty– Each has an specific constituency, language, tools– Each operates at several levels

• Targeting: identifying ‘right people in the right areas’ depending on the objective(s)

• Delivery: reaching ‘right people in the right areas at the right time with the right instruments’ depending on the objective(s)

Bigger Picture

• The paradigm has not shifted: aim is still economic growth, with the poor being asked to adapt instead of the rich

• A question of social justice and equity

Overarching Challenges

• Potential contradiction between aims of SP, DRR + CCA:– ‘Targeting trap’– Target individuals, households, or communities– Reduce vulnerabilities or scale-up SP– How to judge success of intervention

• Integrated approaches: – Higher demands on knowledge, capacity– (Dis)incentives for coordination & integration

• Conflict between objectives and local knowledge

Targeting Challenges

• How to make targeting adaptive or flexible in response to change?

• How to deal with resource constraints to respond to emerging, unpredictable needs?

• How to address politicization of targeting?– Defining who is ‘deserving’ given different SP, DRR, CCA

objectives– Political cycle vs. timeframe for objectives of program

• How to synthesize data sources capturing different vulnerabilities?

Delivery Challenges

• How to deliver regular, predictable assistance in response to unpredictable and changing needs?

• How to create scaleable delivery systems, particularly in low capacity contexts?

• How to promote delivery mechanisms tailored to diverse livelihoods?

• How to ensure continuity in the face of competing demands, new trends?

Lessons

• To inform SP, DRR, CCA objectives, we need a new way of doing vulnerability analysis

• To address objectives of SP, DRR, CCA a combination of interventions are required

• To address longer-term CCA objectives, there is a need to design SP interventions that are ‘climate smart’

• There is a need to create flexible targeting and delivery systems

Lessons (2)

• Build on existing SP programs, policies and institutional frameworks to address multiple objectives of SP, DRR and CCA

• Integrating SP, DRR and CCA creates new needs for capacity building: knowledge, skills, multi-sectoral ways of working

• Recognize incentives and disincentives around targeting and delivery mechanisms for integrating SP, DRR, CCA

Thank you!

Experience• Responding to ‘targeting trap’:– South Africa Child Grant: Enhanced employment seeking

by women ($ used for childcare & transport)– Self-Help Group Program in India:– Eastern Kenya Food Security – response to drought, but

created alternative livelihoods– Pakistan: ID cards for female beneficiaries– Ethiopia: Environmental transformation through PSNP

public works; PSNP Risk Financing as part of DRR policy – Rwanda: SP in the short-term + alternative/diversified

livelihoods in the long-term• Cash transfers + household assets/credit + community assets

– India: support to migrant labourers (IDs, bargaining skills)

Extra Notes• SP: reducing vulnerabilities throughout peoples lives; responding to

shocks; addressing chronic poverty; guaranteed access; enhancing social status

• DRR: reducing vulnerabilities to disaster; reducing exposure to risks; improving resilience

• CCA: changing livelihood strategies; present and future climate variability

• SP + DRR for poor; CCA for rich• SP can trap people in livelihoods that does not allow them to adapt• Politicization of targeting• Identifying most appropriate instrument to delivery the identified

objective• National eligibility vs. locally-specific targeting criteria:

– Link to DRR?

• Challenges, Experiences and Lessons:– What instruments– Who to target– How to identify– How to reach