Improving Policies, Strategies, Improving Policies, Strategies, and Programs for Preventing, and Programs for Preventing, Mitigating, and Transitioning Mitigating, and Transitioning

out of Crisisout of Crisis

William Lyerly, USAIDWilliam Lyerly, USAID

Nancy Mock, Tulane UniversityNancy Mock, Tulane University

Disaster Incidence by Type and Disaster Incidence by Type and Region 1990-94Region 1990-94

(Conflict, Crisis, Chaos, Complex Emergency Prevention)

Conflict

Crisis

Chaos

Complex Emergencies

C4P “Cascade”

Relief save lives and alleviates suffering

Reduce need forexternal assistance

Developmenthelps achieve a sustainable,broad-based improvement in

people’s living conditions

Relief and development are linked...

Epidemics

Conflict Natural Disasters

MitigationRecovery/ Transition

Prevention

Response

Categories / Causes of Crisis

Population Movements

International Factors

Underdevelopment

Conflict Vulnerability

Epidemics

Natural Hazard

Complex Emergency

Causes of Complex Emergencies

Crude Mortality Rates

Months Years

Pulse, large massacre forced migration

Geographic waves, infectious disease, IDP’s Front lines of battle

Rehabilitation of infrastructure

Source: Steve Hansch. 1998

Illustrative Dynamics of Complex Emergencies

USAID's AFR/SD Strategyfor Crisis Mitigation and Recovery

SO10:PREVENTING MITIGATING, AND TRANSITING OUT OF CRISIS.

CERTI

IR 10.1 Develop and disseminate state-of-the-art knowledge on the ways that development programs can help prevent or mitigate crisis.

IR 10.2 Promote country and sub-regional policies and strategies for epidemic preparedness

and response.

IR 10.3 Disseminate state-of-the-art knowledge on the issues that promote rapid transition from crisis to sustainable development.

IR 10.4 Disseminate and promote assessment and evaluation approaches for application in crisis and transitional situations.

USAID’s AFR/SD Strategyfor Crisis Prevention, Mitigation and

Recovery

Linking Complex Emergency and Response Transition Initiative

•Multi-disciplinary and intersectoral Multi-disciplinary and intersectoral

•Optimizes the assets of governmental, non-governmental, Optimizes the assets of governmental, non-governmental,

civil society and military organizationscivil society and military organizations

•Recognizes the importance of institutional change among Recognizes the importance of institutional change among

donor and implementing international organizations donor and implementing international organizations

•Recognizes crisis as an integral feature of a societal Recognizes crisis as an integral feature of a societal

dynamic and not merely a “relief” problem dynamic and not merely a “relief” problem

•Health outcome driven: Health as a benchmark as well as a Health outcome driven: Health as a benchmark as well as a

key inputkey input

CERTI Approach

CERTI ActivitiesCERTI ActivitiesLinking Complex Emergency and Response Transition Initiative

•Develop a network of institutions/individuals for best practices Develop a network of institutions/individuals for best practices identification/dissemination:identification/dissemination:

–develop technology-assisted Delphi tools for network develop technology-assisted Delphi tools for network consensus-buildingconsensus-building

–conduct workshops and briefings to develop and disseminate conduct workshops and briefings to develop and disseminate products products

–catalyze African networks to engage and implement CERTI catalyze African networks to engage and implement CERTI approachesapproaches

• Facilitate the development of :Facilitate the development of :–a regional early warning and information systema regional early warning and information system–implementing organizations (including NGOs and military) as implementing organizations (including NGOs and military) as

learning organizations through partnerships with learning organizations through partnerships with academiaacademia–training strategies for African capacity-buildingtraining strategies for African capacity-building–monitoring and evaluation methods for crisis/transition monitoring and evaluation methods for crisis/transition programsprograms

Linking Complex Emergency and Response Transition Initiative

• Support applied research to address key Support applied research to address key

information gaps, including:information gaps, including:

– a comparative analysis of the population of African crises for a comparative analysis of the population of African crises for

the purpose of identifying early warning indicators, the purpose of identifying early warning indicators,

frameworks for response, and transition strategy success frameworks for response, and transition strategy success

factorsfactors

– operations research and methods development for the study operations research and methods development for the study

of post-conflict transitional populationsof post-conflict transitional populations

– case study research to identify best practice strategies case study research to identify best practice strategies

• Develop strategies and tools for dissemination of Develop strategies and tools for dissemination of

CERTI approaches and products to USAID and othersCERTI approaches and products to USAID and others

CERTI Activities (continued)

Linking Complex Emergency and Response Transition Initiative

•A consensus on best practices for crisis response and A consensus on best practices for crisis response and transition transition interventions which address health security;interventions which address health security;

•Analytic results widely disseminated to decision-makers and Analytic results widely disseminated to decision-makers and operational planners;operational planners;

•A series of publications on best practices for crisis response A series of publications on best practices for crisis response and transition interventions;and transition interventions;

•Training modules and systems for strengthening public health Training modules and systems for strengthening public health interventions in crisis and transition settings;interventions in crisis and transition settings;

•An evaluation framework and appropriate indicators that An evaluation framework and appropriate indicators that measure the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of measure the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of interventions during complex emergencies and interventions during complex emergencies and transitions;transitions;

•A regional information system that serves as a decision-support A regional information system that serves as a decision-support tool for managing international response to complex tool for managing international response to complex emergencies and transitions.emergencies and transitions.

Anticipated outputsAnticipated outputs