improving memphis city school lunches
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Improving Memphis city School lunches . How the Memphis City School systems can prevent childhood obesity through better nutrition in schools . Bridgette Reed, MPH Student Walden University PH 6165-4 Instructor: Dr. Jalal Ghaemghami Fall Quarter 2009. What is Obesity ? . - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
IMPROVING MEMPHIS CITY
SCHOOL LUNCHES
How the Memphis City School systems can prevent childhood obesity through better nutrition in schools
Bridgette Reed, MPH StudentWalden University
PH 6165-4 Instructor: Dr. Jalal Ghaemghami
Fall Quarter 2009
WHAT IS OBESITY? Obesity is defined as having a body
mass index (BMI) ≥ 30.
It is based on a person height and weight.
Those with higher BMI’s are at risk for hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, etc.
1998
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1990, 1998, 2007
(*BMI 30, or about 30 lbs. overweight for 5’4” person)
2007
1990
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%
HOW OBESITY AFFECTS CHILDREN Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Cardiovascular Disease
Fatty Liver
Asthma
BEHAVIORAL FACTORS THAT CAN PREVENT OBESITY
Consuming more nutrient rich foods (fruits, vegetables, whole grains)
Increase Physical Activity
Reduce time spent watching television and other sedentary behaviors
SERVINGS OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES NEEDED
GirlsAges 4 - 83 – 3 1/2 cups total:1 1/2 cups fruit1 1/2 - 2 cups vegetablesAges 9 - 133 1/2 – 4 1/2 cups total:11/2 - 2 cups fruit2 – 2 1/2 cups vegetablesAges 14 - 184 - 5 cups total:1 1/2 - 2 cups fruit2 1/2 - 3 cups vegetables
BoysAges 4 - 83 – 3 1/2 cups total:1 1/2 cups fruit1 1/2 - 2 cups vegetablesAges 9 - 134 - 5 cups total:1 1/2 - 2 cups fruit2 1/2 - 3 cups vegetablesAges 14 - 185 - 6 cups total:2 – 2 1/2 cups fruit3 – 3 1/2 cups vegetables
HOW SCHOOLS CAN PLAY A POSITION IN PREVENTING OBESITY Ensure that school breakfast and lunch
programs meet nutrition standards
Provide food options that are low in fat, calories and added sugars
Physical Activity for at least 30 minutes daily
THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION POSITION
STATEMENT
“Nutrition services shall be integrated with a coordinated,
comprehensive school program and implemented through a school nutrition
policy.”(ADA 2003).
The Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004 requires all school districts across the country to develop wellness policies.
THE CHILD NUTRITION ACT 2009
Is renewed every 5 years
Provides an outline for the National School Lunch and Breakfast Program
Eliminates Barriers so all children can participate in nutrition programs
Improves quality of meals
THE NATIONAL ALLIANCE FOR NUTRITION AND ACTIVITY
Advocates for national policies and programs to promote healthy eating and physical activity
Used as a model for wellness that can be used by school districts
It is made up of 300 organizations
Primary goal: “cultivate champions for nutrition, physical activity, and obesity prevention in Congress and federal agencies”
Nutrition Policy 2007
THE NATIONAL ALLIANCE FOR NUTRITION AND ACTIVITY (CONT’D)National Alliance for Nutrition and Activity
(NANA) Policies: 1. School Health Councils2. Nutritional Quality of Foods and
Beverages Sold and Served on Campus3. Nutrition and Physical Activity
Promotion and Food Marketing4. Physical Activity Opportunities and
Physical Education5. Monitoring and Policy Review
RESEARCH STUDIES AND PROGRAMS TO IMPROVE CHILDHOOD OBESITY
KANDIAH AND JONES (2002) SCHOOL STUDY A study using 2 separate schools of 5th
graders School A received no nutrition education School B received 45 minutes nutrition
education for 4 days for 3 weeks Topics covered: food guide pyramid,
food sources and their functions, healthy snacks, vegetarianism, etc.
Post test scores and diets improved in school B
Kandiah and Jones 2002
FARM TO SCHOOLS Connects with schools with local farms to
help improve student nutrition
Provide health and nutrition education
Helps to serve healthy meals by using produce from local farmers
Supports regional and local farmers
Farm to School 2006
FARM TO SCHOOLS CONT’D
2,051 Farm to School Programs in the U.S. (estimated)*
8,943 Number of schools involved
2,065 districts involved
48 States involved (including Washington D.C. and Puerto Rico)
Farm to School 2006
OVERALL INTENDED OUTCOMES
HEALTHY KIDS=HEALTHIER AMERICA
QUESTIONS?
REFERENCES American Dietetic Association: Nutrition Services: An Essential Component
of Comprehensive School Health Programs — Joint Position of ADA, Society for Nutrition Education and American School Food Service Association. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003;103:505-514. http://www.eatright.org/cps/rde/xchg/ada/hs.xsl/advocacy_1729_ENU_HTML.htm. Retrieved May 10, 2009.
Bottemiller, H. Vilsack Previews Child Nutrition Act (2009). Food Politics. http://www.foodsafetynews.com/2009/10/vilsack-previews-child-nutrition-priorities-1/
Center for Disease Control and Prevention: Overweight and Obesity (2009). http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/childhood/consequences.htm. Retrieved April 9, 2009.
Center for Disease Control: National Center for Health Statistics. Data 2010: the Healthy People 2010 Database (2007). http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/otheract/hpdata2010/abouthp.htm. Retrieved April 18, 2009.
Farm to School Website. http://www.farmtoschool.org/index.php Retrieved October 24, 2009.
REFERENCES Johnson, B., Pilkington, L., Lamb, C., He, J., Deeb, C., (2009). Parent
Reactions to School-based body mass index screening program. J Sch Health. 79: 216-223 http://wf2dnvr1.webfeat.org/0VyxL13676/url=http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdf?vid=3&hid=7&sid=3aabf69a-e414-4414-af36-a1df8089fa00%40sessionmgr108. Accessed (April 26, 2009)
Kandiah, J. & Jones, C. (2002). Nutrition Knowledge and Food Choices of Elementary School Children. Early Child Development and Care, 172(3), 269–273. Retrieved May 10, 2009.
Wellness Policy Brochure: Promoting Fruits and Vegetables in Schools: Wellness Policy Opportunities. http://www.pbhfoundation.org/pdfs/pulse/policy/programs/wellnesspolicybrochure666_1205Hires.pdf Retrieved October 24, 2009.
Yancey, A MD, MPH, McCarthy WJ, PhD, Sielgel JM, PhD, MsHyg, Wong, WK PhD, Ward, A MD, MPH, Leslie, J, ScD, and Gonzalez E, MD, MPH. Correlation of Obesity With Elevated Blood Pressure Among Racial/Ethnic Minority Children in Two Los Angeles Middle Schools. Prev Chronic Dis. 2008 April; 5(2): A46. Published online 2008 March 15.