Impressionism

Classical Music of the 20th Century

vs Expressionism

Impressionism

Impressionism

Claude Monet - Soleil levant

Claude Monet - Water Lilies

Impressionism

Goal of Impressionism Movement NOT “Capturing the subject”

Impressionism

Musical Example:

La Mer mov. II - Claude Debussy

Impressionism

The Great Impressionist of Music

Claude Debussy1862-1918

Impressionism

The Great Impressionist of Music

Maurice Ravel1875-1937

Musical Example:

La cathedrale engloutie - Debussy

Impressionism

“The Sunken Cathedral”

Impressionism

Musical Characteristics Atmospheric Non-emotional (Opposite of Romantic music) Explored other scales (e.g. whole tone)

Expressionism

Expressionism

GermanyFrance

The Scream - Munch

Sunflowers - Van Gogh

Expressionism

Goals of ExpressionismCapture “being alive”Express emotional experience… not

physical realityExpressionism also in dance, architecture,

and movies

Expressionism

Musical Example:

Pierrot Lunaire - Schoenberg

Expressionism

Notable Composer:

Arnold Schoenberg1874 - 1951

Students:Alban BergAnton Webern

Expressionism

Musical Example:

Five Pieces for Orchestra - Schoenberg

Expressionism

Musical Characteristics:Atonal (no key center)Dissonance (represents inner turmoil)Primal

Impressionism Expressionism

-Atonal-Dissonant-Inner emotions

-Tonal-Non-emotional-“Color”

-Non Traditional harmony-“New Sounds”

Other 20th Century Classical Musical Styles

Post Romantic/Nationalism - Mahler, Sibelius

Free Dissonance - Ives

12 Tone - Schoenberg, Berg, Webern

Neoclassicism - Stravinsky, Hindemeth, Ravel

Minimalism - Glass, Reich, Le Monte Young

Post Modernism/Electronic - Cage

Jazz Influenced - Gershwin, Copland, Milhaud