important questions 2016

7/25/2019 Important Questions 2016

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UNIT 1 SOLID STATE (Marks : 4)

NUMERICALS:

SECTION 1-A:

Q-1 Name and defne various types o unit cells.Q-2 Name the seven types o primitive unit cells (crystal systems).Q-3 Name and defne the various type o cubic unit cells.Q-4 alculate the number o atoms in (i) a simple cubic unit cell! (ii) a body

centered cubic unit cell and (iii) a ace centered cubic unit cell.Q-" #o$ many three dimensional lattices are possible and $hat are they called%Q-& 'hat is the number o nearest neihbors or iven lattice point in a ace-

centered cubic lattice%

Q- * cubic solid is made o t$o elements + and Q. *toms Q are at the corners othe cube and + at the body centre. 'hat is the ormula o the compoundsand $hat are the co-ordination numbers o + and Q%

Q-, alculate the number o atoms in a cubic based unit-cell havin one atom oneach corner and t$o atoms on each body diaonal.

Q- *n alloy o old and cadmium crystallies $ith a cubic structure in $hichold atoms occupy the corners and cadmium atoms ft into the ace centers.'hat ormula $ould you assin to the alloy%

Q-1/ 0efne the term voids.

Q-11 #o$ many tetrahedral and octahedral voids are present in a cubic close-paced structure o * spheres.

Q-12 'hat is the co-ordination number o an (i) octahedral void and (ii)tetrahedral void%

Q-13 n a compound ions orm a close paced structure and * ions occupy allthe tetrahedral voids. 'hat is the ormula o the compound%

Q-14 n a compound ions orm a close paced lattice and * ions occupy

alternate tetrahedral voids. 'hat is the ormula o the compound%

Q-1" n a crystalline solid! anions are arraned in cubic close-pacin! cations *occupy "/ o the tetrahedral voids and cations occupy "/ o octahedralvoids. 'hat is the ormula o the solid%

Q-1& 5erric o6ide crystallies in a he6aonal close paced array o o6ide ions $itht$o out o every three octahedral holes occupied by erric ions. 0erive theormula o the erric o6ide.

Q-1 * solid has a cubic structure in $hich 7 atoms are located at the corners othe cube! 8 atoms are at the cube centers and 9 atoms are at the edecenters. 'hat is the ormula o the compound%

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Q-1, * compound ormed by elements 7 and 8 crystallie in the cubic structure$here 7 atoms are at the centers o the cube and 8 atoms are present onlyat one set o opposite aces. 'hat is the ormula o the compound%

Q-1 * compound ormed by elements * and crystallies in the cubic structure

$here * atoms are at the corners o the cube and atoms are at the centreo the cube. 'hat is the ormula o the compounds%

Q-2/ * compound orms he6aonal-cubic close paced structure. 'hat is the totalnumber o voids in /." mol o it% #o$ many o these are tetrahedral voids%

ANSWERS

SECTION 1-A:

Q-4 (i) 1 (ii) 2 (iii) 4Q-" 14 lattices! revais latticesQ-& &Q- +Q and the co-ordination number o each element is ,.Q-, atomsQ- *ud3Q-11 2* tetrahedral and * octahedral voidsQ-12 (i) & and (ii) 4Q-13 *2Q-14 *

Q-1" *22Q-1& 5e293Q-1 7893Q-1, 78Q-1 *Q-2/ ./33 6 1/23voids: &./22 6 1/23voids

SECTION 1-B:

Q-1 alculate the percentae o ree space in a ace-centered cubic unit cell.Q-2 alculate the pacin e;ciency in case o a metal crystal or ace-centeredcubic.

Q-3 alculate the percentae o ree space in a body-centered cubic unit cell.Q-4 alculate the pacin e;ciency in case o a metal crystal or body-centered

cubic.

Q-" alculate the percentae o ree space in a simple cubic unit cell.Q-& alculate the pacin e;ciency in case o a metal crystal or simple cubic.

Q- *n element * crystallies in a ace-centered cubic lattice $ith the edelenth o 1// pm. 'hat is the radius o atom * and nearest neihbordistance in the lattice% 'hat is the lenth o its ace-diaonal%

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Q-,


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Q-1/ *n element crystallies in 5 structure. 2// m o this element has 4.12 61/24atoms.


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Q- "2Q-, 1/., amuQ- No. o atoms per unit cell @ 2Q-1/ 3// pmQ-11 2,2 pmQ-12

Q-13 143 pmQ-14 (a) 3"4 pm (b) 2.2& 6 1/22atomsQ-1" 124 pmQ-1& 3." FQ-1 &./ 6 1/23Q-1, 1.,2 FQ-1 2.41, 6 1/24Q-2/ /.4/ nm

SECTION 1- D:

Q-1 *nalysis sho$ that nicel o6ide has ormula Ni0.9O1.00. 'hat ractions o thenicel e6ist as Ni2Eand Ni3E%

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(iii) Nature

Q-" #o$ are crystalline solids classifed on the basis o nature o bondin%L6plain $ith e6amples.

Q-& 'hat is a unit cell%

Q- Name three types o cubic unit cells%

Q-, #o$ many atoms are there in a unit cell o a metal crystalliin in a>

(a) cc structure(b) bcc structure

Q- 'hat is the contribution o an atom per unit cell i the atom is>

(a) *t the corner o the cube.(b) 9n the ace o the cube.(c) n the centre o the cube.

Q-1/ alculate the no. o atoms in a cubic based unit B cell havin one atom oneach corner and t$o atoms on each body diaonal.

Q-11 'hat is the no. o octahedral and tetrahedral voids present in a lattice%

Q-12 'hat is the coordination number in>

(a) DMuare close pacin

(b) #e6aonal close pacin.

Q-13 'hat is the pacin e;ciency in>

(a) hcp structure(b) bcc structure(c) Dimple cubic structure

Q-14 n a compound! ions orm a close B paced structure ? * ions occupy allthe tetrahedral voids. 'hat is the ormula o the compound%

Q-1" 'hat is the meanin o term deectH $ith reerence to crystal%Q-1& 0efne t$o main types o deects.Q-1 Name the types o point deect.

Q-1, 'hich type o ionic substances sho$%

(a) Dchotty deect(b) 5renel deect

Q-1 'hich deect is observed in a solid solution o dl2and *l% L6plain.

Q-2/ L6cess o lithium maes Iil crystal pin. L6plain.Q-21 'hat are 5 B centres %Q-22 Jive an e6ample $hich sho$s both 5renel and Dchotty deects.

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(ii) 3/ mI o /." A #2D94diluted to "// mI

Q- alculate the volume o $ater $hich should be added to 2/ mI o /.&" A #lto dilute the solution to /.2 A.

Q-1/ alculate the amount o benoic acid ("99#) reMuired to prepare 2"/

mI o /.1" A solution in methanol.

Q-11 * solution contains 3.2 m methanol per "// cm3o the solution. alculateits molarity.

Q-12 #o$ $ould you prepare "/ cm3o /.//1 A potassium dichromate dissolvedin $ater% (G @ 3 amu: r @ "2 amu).

Q-13 'hat is the molarity o a solution prepared by mi6in 2." I o /." A ureasolution and "// mI o 2 A urea solution%

Q-14 alculate the molarity o pure $ater. 0ensity o $ater is 1./ m mI-1.

Q-1" * 12 A #l solution contains 3 #l by mass. 'hat is the density o thesolution%

Q-1& /.212 m sodium carbonate (molecular mass @ 1/& m mol-1) is dissolved in2"/ cm3 (1 mI @ 1 cm3) o solution. alculate the molarity o sodiumcarbonate in solution.

Q-1 'hen 1 Iiter o /." A #l is heated in a beaer! its volume reduced to &//

mI and 1.,2" m #l $as lost as vapor. alculate the molarity o theresultin solution.

Q-1, oncentrated nitric acid used in laboratory $or is &, nitric acid by massin aMueous solution. 'hat should be the molarity o such a sample o theacid i the density o the solution is 1."/4 mIO1%

Q-1 0etermine the molality o solution ormed by dissolvin /.," m ammonia in1// m $ater.

Q-2/ * solution o lucose in $ater is labeled as 1/ $C$! $hat $ould be the

molality and mole raction o each component in the solution% the densityo solution is 1.2 mIO1! then $hat shall be the molarity o the solution%

Q-21 *n antireee solution is prepared rom 222.& o ethylene lycol (2#&92)and 2// o $ater. alculate the molality o the solution. the density othe solution is 1./2 mIO1! then $hat shall be the molarity o the solution%

Q-22 5ind the molarity and molality o a 1" solution o #2D94.


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Q-24 alculate the molality o a solution o 3 #2D94($Cv) $hen the density othe solution is 1.,4 m cm-3. (*tomic masses> D @ 32: 9 @ 1&: # @ 1)

Q-2"

(i) L6press this in percent by mass

(ii) 0etermine the molality o chloroorm in the $ater sample.

Q-3/ the density o some lae $ater is 1.2" mIO1 and contains 2 oNaEions per o $ater! calculate the molality o NaEions in the lae.

ANSWERS

SECTION '-A:

Q-1 33." ($C$) and &&.43 ($C$)Q-2 /./,&4 and /.13&Q-3 /.4&Q-4 /."/3! /.1& and /.3/1

Q-" 7#292 @ /.11 : 7#29 @ /.,,3Q-& /./Q- /.1 molQ-, (i) /./24 A (ii) /./3 AQ- 4" mIQ-1/ 4."" mQ-11 /.2 AQ-12 /./14 mQ-13 /." AQ-14 ""."" A

Q-1" 1.1 m mI-1

Q-1& /.//, AQ-1 /." A

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Q-1, 1&.23 AQ-1 /." mQ-2/ /.&2 m : Aole raction o lucose @ /./11: Aole raction o $ater @ /., :

/.& AQ-21 1." m : .11 AQ-22 1.&, A : 1., m

Q-23 /.,", mQ-24 1/.43 mQ-2" 1."2 mQ-2& 7ethanol@ /.2"Q-2 (a) 1."/& m (b) 1.4" A (c) /./2&3Q-2, 1." m : .11 AQ-2 1." P 1/O" : 1.2& P 1/O4mQ-3/ 4 m

SECTION '-B:

(%"r2s *a3 + s*5i*i + 6as"s i 3a"r)

Q-1


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&."1 6 1/mm respectively! calculate the composition o these ases in$ater.

Q- 92is bubbled throuh $ater at 33 G! ho$ many milli moles o 9 2 as$ould dissolve in 1 liter o $ater% *ssume that 92e6erts a pressure o /."bar. Jiven> G#or 92at 33G @ 4&.,2 bar.

ANSWERSSECTION '-B:

Q-1 &2" bar C AQ-2 2,.2 atmQ-3 /./1 m N2Q-4 /.&2 barQ-" 2.,&" 6 1/4 atm

Q-& 1.,31" m 92Q- 1., 6 1/-3mQ-, 792($ater) @ 4.&"2 6 1/-" ? 7N2($ater) @ .31 6 1/-"

Q- 1.12& milli moles

SECTION '-C:

C**i6ai7" 8r"ri"s:

Q-1 Rapour pressure o $ater at 23 G is 1."3" mm #. alculate the vapour

pressure o $ater at 23G $hen 2" m o lucose is dissolved in 4"/ m o$ater.

Q-2 Srea orms an ideal solution. 0etermine its vapour pressure o an aMueoussolution containin 1/ by mass o urea at 4//.

Q-3 *n aMueous solution o 2 non-volatile solute e6erts a pressure o 1.//4 barat the normal boilin point o the solvent. 'hat is the molar mass o thesolute%

Q-4 #eptane and octane orm an ideal solution. *t 33 G! the vapour pressureso the t$o liMuid components are 1/".2 +a and 4&., +a respectively. 'hat$ill be the vapour pressure o a mi6ture o 2&./ o heptane and 3" ooctane%

Q-"


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Q-1, Lstimate the reein point o an aMueous solution o /."2/ m lucose!&! dissolved in ,/.2/ m o $ater. Gor $ater is 1.,& G mol-1.

Q-1 alculate the mass o ascorbic acid (vitamin ! ,9&) to be dissolved in "m o acetic acid to lo$er its meltin point by 1."/. G@ 3. G mol-1.

Q-2/


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*-1/ ".2 6 1/-3atm

UNIT # ELECTROC%EMISTR? M6 "*",r" i 3=i,=

,,"rai + M6'>

is 0.01 M@

E0M6'>?M6 - '.#

Q-3 Ca*,*a" =" Er"+ =" +**3i6 "*",r":

8/ C*'(1. 5ar) ? ' C*-(0.01M)

Q-4 Jiven standard electrode potentials in volts in 1A acidic solution 5e2EC5e @ -/.4 R: 5e3EC5e2E@ /., R: An2EC An @ - 1.2 R : An3EC An2E@ E 1." R

(i) omment on relative stability o E2 and E3 o6idation states o ironand An.

(ii) 'hich o the t$o metals is more easily o6idied to E2 state%

Q-" Saar r",i "ia*s + Li>?Li/ '>?/ %>?%'/ A6>?A6 ar"r"s",i7"*/ - #.0 / - 0.' / 0.0 a >0.0 . W=i,= a6="s" "*""s =as =i6="s r",i6 ,aa,i@

Q-& I 3=i,= + =" +**3i6 7"ss"* 1 M s*i + ir (II) s*=a" 5"sr"@

(i) C 7"ss"*(ii) 7"ss"*(iii) A* 7"ss"*

Fi7": E0!"'>?!"/ E0C'>?C/ E0'>?/ E0A*#>?A*/ ar" -0.44 / >0.#4 /-0. / -1. r"s",i7"*.

Q- alculate the reduction potential o inc-inc ion electrode in $hich the incion activity is /.//1 A. Jiven that L/Xn2ECXnis B /.& R.

Q-, *t $hat p# o #l solution $ill hydroen as electrode sho$ electrodepotential o -/.11, R% #2as is bubbled at 2, G and 1 atm pressure.

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ANSWERSSECTION #-C:

Q-1 Gc @ 1./ 6 1/2/

Q-2 Gc @ 3.2 6 1/1"

Q-3 Gc @ ./1 6 1/1/Q-4 Gc @ 1./ 6 1//Q-" Gc @ ,.""& 6 1/2Q-& 'ma6 @ 212.3/ _Q- G c @ 2.,&4 6 1/1/ and 'ma6 @ &11.,1 _Q-, `J/ @ B "1".31 _

SECTION #-D:

Q-1


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ANSWERSSECTION #-D:

*-1 /."""& cm-1

*-2 22.& cm-1

*-3 232.3 ohm cm-1

*-4 ell onstant @ 2", m-1 and m@ 11." D cm'mol-1*-" 3/.1 D cm'mol-1

*-& W @ /./133 or 1.33 *- m@ 32.& D cm2 mol-1 and Ga@ 1.," 6 1/-5

*-, W @ /./423 or 4.23 and Ga@ 1.," 6 1/-

SECTION #-E:

Q-1 #o$ many coulombs are reMuired to or the ollo$in o6idations>

(i) 1 mol o #29 to 92(ii) 1 mol o 5e9 to 5e293

Q-2 #o$ many electrons are reMuired to reduce one ram mole o NaE to Nametal%

Q-3 #o$ many aradays are needed to reduce three ram mole o u2E to umetal%

Q-4 * solution o Ni(N93)2is electrolyed bet$een platinum electrodes usin a

current o " ampere or 2/ minutes. 'hat mass o Ni is deposited at thecathode%Q-" #o$ much electricity in terms o araday is reMuired to produce>

(i) 2/./ m o a rom molten al2! and(ii) 4/./ m o *l rom molten *l293

Q-& onsider the reaction>

r292- E 14#E E &e- Z 2 r3E E ,#29

$hat is the Muantity o electricity in coulombs needed to reduce 1 mol or292-%

Q- #o$ many hours does it tae to reduce 3 mol o 5e3E to 5e2E$ith 2./ *current%

Q-,


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Q- #o$ many electrons Uo$ $hen a current o " ampere is passed throuh asolution or 2 hours% Jiven> 5 @ &"// : N*@ &./22 6 1/23mol-1

Q-1/ Dilver is electrodeposited on a metallic vessel o surace area o // cm2bypassin a current o /." amperes or 2 hours. alculate the thicness o

silver deposited! iven density is 1/." Ccm3. (*tomic $eiht o * @ 1/,)

Q-11

(i) 2l-(aM) Z l2 () E 2e- : L/@ 1.3& R

(ii) 2#29 (l) Z 92 () E 4#E(aM) E 4e- : L/ @ 1.23 R

'hich reaction actually occurs in the electrolysis o aMueous sodiumchloride%

Q-12 NaE (aM) E e- Z Na (s) : L/@ - 2.1 R2#29 (l) E 2e- Z #2 () E 29#-(aM) : L/ @ - /.,3 R

'hich reaction taes place preerentially and $hy%

Q-13 L6plain $hy electrolysis o aMueous solution o Nal ives #2at cathode andl2at anode. 'rite over all reaction.

L NaE C Na @ - 2.1 R L #29C#2 @ - /.,3 R

L l2 C l- @ E 1.3& R L #E C 92 C #29 @ 1.23 R

Q-14 'hat are the products o electrolysis o molten and aMueous sodiumchloride%

Q-1"

Xn2E (aM) E 2e- Z Xn (s) : L/@ - /.& R

2#29 (l) E 2e- Z #2 () E 29#-(aM) : L/ @ - /.,3 R

'hich reaction actually occurs in the electrolysis o aMueous inc chloride%

Q-1& n the electrolysis o aMueous sodium bromide! there are t$o possible anodereactions>

2#29 (l) Z 92 () E 4#

E

(aM) E 4e

-

: L

/

@ 1.23 R2r-(aM) Z r2 () E 2e- : L/@ 1./, R

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*-1&

(i) +l" Z +l3 E l2(ii) N2 E 3#2 Z 2N#3

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(iii) 2N92 E 52 Z 2N925(iv) 2N29" Z 4N92 E 92(v) 2l () E #2 () Z 2 () E 2#l

Q-& 5or the ollo$in aseous reaction!

2N92 Z 2N9 E 92

(i) 'rite the e6pression or the rate o the reaction.(ii) the rate o decrease o concentration o N92is 4./ 6 1/-13sec-1!

$hat are correspondin rates o increase in N9 and 92concentrations%

Q- 0initroen tetro6ide (N294) decomposes into N92accordin to the eMuation>N294() 2N92()

the pressure o N294alls rom /.4& atm to /.2, atm in 3/ minutes! $hat isthe rate o appearance o N92%

Q-, 5or the decomposition o 0initroen pento6ide (N29") at 2// />

N29"() Z N294() E \ 92()

i the initial pressure is 114 mm and ater 2" minutes o reaction the totalpressure o aseous mi6ture is 133 mm! calculate the averae rate oreaction in (a) atmosphere min-1and (b) mol I-1sec-1.

Q- 5or the reaction V Z +! the concentration o a reactant chanes rom /./3 Ato /./2 A in 2" minutes. alculate the averae rate o reaction usin units otime both in minutes and seconds.

Q-1/ n a reaction! 2* Z +roducts! the concentration o * decreases rom /." molIO1to /.4 mol IO1in 1/ minutes. alculate the rate durin this interval%

ANSWERS

SECTION 4-A:

*-2 (a) "./ 6 1/-4 mol I-1sec-1

(b) 1.2" 6 1/-4 mol I-1sec-1

(c) 2." 6 1/-4 mol I-1sec-1

*-3 1.2" 6 1/-4mol I-1sec-1 *-4 /.//4 mol I-1min-1 and /.//2 mol I-1min-1

*-" 4." 6 1/-3mol I-1sec-1 *-& (i) 4./ 6 1/-13mol I-1sec-1

(ii) 2./ 6 1/-13mol I-1sec-1

*- 1.2 6 1/-2atm min-1 *-, (a) /.//2 atm min-1 (b) ,.", 6 1/-

mol I-1

sec-1

%i: N29"() Z N294() E \ 92()Page 24of 57


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nitial onc. 114 mm / /*ter 2" minutes 114 B W W W

(W @ hane in pressure due to decomposition o N29")Dolve W and calculate.

*- 4./ 6 1/-4 mol I-1min-1 and &.& 6 1/-& mol I-1s-1

*-1/ /.//" mol IO1 minO1 and " 6 1/-3mol I-1min-1

SECTION 4-B:

Q-1 (a) 0ra$ a schematic raph sho$in ho$ the rate o a frst order reactionchanes $ith chane in concentration o the reactants.

(b) Vate o reaction is iven by the eMuation>Vate @ ]*^2]^2

'hat are the units or rate and rate constant or this reaction%

Q-2 Dtate the order $.r.t. each reactant! order o overall reaction and units orate constants in each o the ollo$in reactions>

(a) #292 E 3- E 2#E Z 2#29 E 3-(aM) Vate @ ]#292^]-^

(b) 9 E l2 Z 9l2 Vate @ ]9^2]l2^1C2

(c) 2N9 E r2 Z 2N9r Vate @ ]N9^2]r2^

Q-3 dentiy the reaction order rom each o the ollo$in rate constants>

(i) @ 3.1 6 1/-4 s-1

(ii) @ 4.2 6 1/-" I mol-1s-1

(iii) @ &." 6 1/-4 mol I-1s-1

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the pressure is measured in bar and time in minutes! then $hat are theunits o rate and rate constants%

Q-& * reaction is second order $ith respect to a reactant. #o$ is the rate oreaction aKected i the concentration o the reactant is

(i) doubled (ii) reduced to hal%

&- A r"a,i is rs r"r i A a s", r"r i B.

(i) Wri" =" i;"r"ia* ra" "Jai.

(ii) %3 is =" ra" a;"," i,r"asi6 =" ,,"rai + B=r"" i"s@

(iii) %3 is =" ra" a;"," 3=" =" ,,"rais + 5= A aB ar" 5*"@

&- S=3 5 si6 ra" *a3/ =3 ,= =" ra" + r"a,i

'NO (6) > O' K NO'(6)

3i** ,=a6" i+ =" 7*" + =" r"a,i 7"ss"* is r"," 1?#r.

&-9 Fi7" a "a*" + a s" rs r"r r"a,i.

&-10 !r a r"a,i A K B/ =" ra" + r"a,i 5","s 3" s"7"i"s 3=" =" ,,"rai + A is i,r"as" =r"" i"s. W=a is=" r"r + =" r"a,i@

Q-11

(i) 'hat is the order $ith respect to each o the reactants%(ii) 'hat is the overall order o the reaction%

ANSWERSSECTION 4-B:

*-1 (a)

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(b) mol I-1 and mol I-1sec-1

*-2 (a) 9verall 9rder! n @ 2Snits o @ mol-1I sec-1

(b) 9verall 9rder! n @ 2."Snits o @ mol-3C2I3C2sec-1

(c) 9verall 9rder! n @ 3Snits o @ mol-2I2sec-1

*-3 (i) 1st 9rder(ii) 2nd9rder(iv) Xero 9rder

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Q-1, * frst order reaction has eMual to 1." 6 1/-&sec-1at 24//. the reactionis allo$ed to run or 1/ hours! $hat percentae o the initial concentration$ould have chaned into products% 'hat is the hal-lie period o thisreaction%

&-19 T=" ra" ,sa +r a G"r r"r r"a,i is 0.' * L -1 =r-1.

W=a 3i** 5" =" iiia* ,,"rai + =" r"a,a i+ a+"r #0i"s is ,,"rai is 0.0 * L -1@

Q-2/ * reaction is o frst order $.r.t. reactant * $ith a rate constant o & min-1. $e start $ith ]*^ @ /." mol I -1! $hen $ould ]*^ reach the value /./" mol I-1%

Q-21 0urin nuclear e6plosion! one o the products is /Dr $ith hal-lie o 2,.1years. 1 o /Dr $as absorbed in the bones o a ne$ly born baby insteado calcium! ho$ much o it $ill remain ater 1/ years and &/ years i it is notlost metabolically.

ANSWERS

SECTION 4-C:

*-1 Snit or rate constant! or>

1storder reaction @ sec-1

2ndorder reaction @ mol-1I s-1

3rdorder reaction @ mol-2I2s-1

nth order reaction @ (mol I-1)1-ns-1

*-2 #al lie! t1C2 @ 3.4 sec (appro6imately)

*-3 @ /./3/4 min-1

*-4 @ 1./4, 6 1/-3s-1

*-" @ /./1/2 min-1 and 1".& min*-& 3,.4 min

*- @ &.3 6 1/-3

sec-1

*-, 1,4" years (appro6imately)*- &.2"*-11 3// sec*-12 2" minutes and 2. 6 1/-2min-1

*-13 2./1 6 1/3sec.*-14 3/ minutes*-1" 112.2 minutes*-1& ,."" minutes*-1 13,& sec.*-1, ".2 o the initial concentration has chaned into products and t1C2@

4.&2 6 1/"sec.*-1 ]V/^ @ /.2 mol I-1

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14. 'hat is adsorption isotherm%

1". #or chemisorption is hih. 'hy%

1&. L6plain 5reundlich adsorption isotherm.

1. Jive an eMuation sho$in variation o e6tent o adsorption $ithconcentration o a solution%

1,. Name the adsorbent used>

(a)


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Q-1, 5ind the o6idation state o haloen in the ollo$in compounds>(i) l29(ii) l92(iii) Gr92(iv) Nal94

Q-1 W= is =" 5 iss,iai "=a* + ri" *"ss =a =a +,=*ri"@&-'1 A*=6= "*",r 6ai "=a* + ri" is *"ss "6ai7" as,ar" ,=*ri"/ ri" is a sr6"r iiGi6 a6" =a,=*ri". W=@Q-22 #o$ is it that #5 is the least volatile and #l the most volatile amonhydroen halides%

9r! 'hy #5 liMuefes more easily than #l%9r! 'hy is #5 a liMuid $hereas hydrides o other haloens are ases atroom temperature%9r! #ydroen Uuoride has hiher boilin point than hydroen chloride.

Jive reason.Q-2& *rrane the hydroen halides in the decreasin order o thermal stability.Jive reasons or the same.Q-2 *rrane the hydroen halides in the increasin order o reducin po$er. Jivereasons.Q-2, n aMueous solution! hydroUuoric acid is a $eaer acid than hydrochloricacid. Jive reason.Q-2 N92readily orms a dimer $hereas l92does. Jive reason.Q-3/ hlorine on passin throuh # liberates 2but iodine does not liberatechlorine rom #l. 'hy%

Q-32 dentiy 7 in the ollo$in reaction>

l2 E 27 Z 2l E 72

Q-33 Arra6" =" +**3i6 i i,r"asi6 r"r + a,ii, sr"6=. si+r as3"r 3i= r"as: %BrO/ %C*O/ %IO

&-#4 Arra6" =" +**3i6 i i,r"asi6 r"r + a,ii, sr"6=. si+r as3"r 3i= r"as: %C*O#/ %C*O'/ %C*O/ %C*O4&-# D"s,ri5" =" r"a,i + ,=*ri" 3i= aia.&-# %3 "s ,=*ri" r"a, 3i= a*ka*is@

&-# Wri" =" 5a*a," ,="i,a* "Jai +r =" r"a,i + C*'3i== a ,,. NaO%. Is =is r"a,i a isrriai r"a,i@

si+.

Q-3 'hy are interhaloen compounds more reactive than molecular haloens%

Q-4/ 0ra$ the structures o the ollo$in molecules>(i) r53(ii) 5

Q-41 *rrane #l94! #94and #r94in the order o their increasin o6idiinability.

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Q-1, 'hat is the lanthanoid contraction% 'hat are its causes and conseMuences%Q-1 'hat is the most common o6idation state o lanthanoids and actionoids%Q-2/ *ctionoid contraction is more than lanthanoid contraction. Jive reason.Q-21 'hy the second and third members in each roup o transition elementshave very similar atomic radii%

9r! 'hy do Xr and # e6hibit similar properties%

Q-22 'hy the ions Dm'>! Lu'> and 8b'> in solution are ood reducin aents$hereas e4>(aM.) is a ood o6idiin aent%Q-23 Ia(9#)#is more basic than Iu(9#)#. L6plain.Q-24 W=a is =" ,sii + is,="a*@ Fi7" is " s".Q-2" *ctionoids sho$ larer number o o6idation states than lanthanoids. 'hy%Q-2& e#>is readily o6idied to e4>. L6plain.

UNIT 9 CO-ORDINATION COM8OUNDS (Marks : #)

Q-1 'hat $ere the t$o valences iven by 'erner or coordination compounds%Q-2 'hat are liands% L6plain diKerent types o liands.Q-3 'hat do you understand by the term chelation %Q-4 0istinuish bet$een homoleptic and hetroleptic liands.Q-" 'hat S+* names o ollo$in comple6es%

1. ]o (N#3)&^3E

2. ]5e (294)3^3-3. ]Ni (N)4^2-

4. ]+t(N#3)4l2^2E

". ]Nil4^2-

&. ]o(N#3)"9N9^2E

. ]o (N#3)"l^l2,. ]r (N) (#29)"^2E

. ]o (N92)&^3-

1/. ]o (en)3^l3

Q-& 'rite ormula or the ollo$in compounds.

1. #e6ammineplatinum (R) hloride2. +otassium he6acyanoerrate () ion3. diamminedichloridoplatinum () ion4.


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Q-4 n the ollo$in pairs o haloen compounds! $hich compound underoesaster DN1reaction %

(i)

(ii)

Q-" *rrane the compounds o each set in order o reactivity to$ards DN2displacement>

(a) 2 B bromo B 2 B mthylbutane! 1 B bromopentane! 2 B bromopentane(b) 1 B bromo B 3 B methylbutane! 2 B bromo B 2 B methylbutane! 2 B

bromo B 3 B methylbutane(c) 1 B bromobutane! 1 B bromo B 2! 2 B dimethylpropane! 1 B bromo B 2 B

methylbutane! 1 B bromo B 3 B methylbutane

Q-& n the ollo$in pairs o haloen compounds! $hich $ould undero DN2reaction aster %

(i)

(ii)

Q-" *rrane the ollo$in halides in order o increasin DN2reactivity>

#3l! #3r! #3#2l! (#3)2#l

Q-& 'hat are ambident nucleophiles % L6plain $ith an e6ample.

Q- L6plain $hy >

(a) the dipole moment o chlorobenene is lo$er that o cyclohe6ylchloride.

(b) aly halides! thouh polar! are immiscible in $ater.

Q-, 9ut o "#2l and "#l"! $hich is more easily hydrolyed by aM.G9# %

Q- 'hat is no$n as a racemic mi6ture %

Q-1/ 0iKerentiate bet$een chiral and achiral molecules.

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'hen (*) is reacted $ith sodium metal it ives compound (0)! ,#1,$hich isdiKerent rom the compound ormed $hen n B butyl bromide is reacted $ithsodium. Jive the structural ormula o (*) and $rite the eMuations or all thereactions.

Q-1, 'hat happens $hen%

(a) n B butyl chloride is treated $ith alcoholic G9#(b) bromobenene is treated $ith A in presence o dry ether(c) chlorobenene is subected to hydrolysis(d) ethyl chloride is treated $ith aMueous G9#(e) methyl bromide is treated $ith sodium in presence o dry ether() methyl chloride is treated $ith GN

UNIT 11 ALCO%OLS/ 8%ENOLS AND ET%ERS

&-1 Wri" =" a,i ,aa*G" "=rai + "=a* "=a".Q-2 'hy orthoB nitrophenol is more acidic than orthoB metho6yphenol %Q-3 'hy phenol is acidic and he6anol (alcohol) is neutral to$ards Na9# %Q-4 Jive reasons or the hiher boilin point o ethanol in comparison to

metho6ymethane.Q-" L6plain $hy propanol has hiher boilin point than that o hydrocarbon!

butane %Q-& *lcohols are comparatively more soluble in $ater than hydrocarbons o

comparable molecular masses. L6plain $hy %&- W= ortho ir="* is r" 7*ai*" =a =a + para

ir="* @Q-, 'rite the names o reaents and eMuations or the preparation o the

ollo$in ethers by 'illiamsonHs synthesis>

(i) 1 B propo6ypropane(ii) Ltho6ybenene(iii) 2 B Aethyl B 2 B metho6ypropane(iv) Aetho6yethane

Q- Jive eMuations or the ollo$in reactions>

(i) 96idation o propan B 1 B ol $ith alaline GAn94solution(ii) romine in D2 $ith phenol(iii) 0ilute nitric acid $ith phenol(iv)

(i) GolbeHs reaction(ii) Viemer B


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(6iii) utan B 1 B ol and butan B 2 B ol(6iv) +henol and cylcohe6anol(6v) +henol and benyl alcohol(6vi) +henol and benoic acid

UNIT -1' ALDE%

(i) *cetophenone and benophenone(ii) enaldehyde and propanone(iii) Lthanal and propanal(iv) Lthanal and propanone

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(i) Aonochloroacetic acid has a hiher pGa value than dichloroethanoicacid.

(ii) Lthanoic acid is $eaer vthan benoic acid.

Q-1" *rrane the ollo$in compounds in increasin order o their reactivity in

nucleophilic addition reactions>

(i) Lthanal! +ropanal! +ropanone! utanone(ii) enaldehyde! p B


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Q-1 'hat is meant by reducin and non-reducin suars% 'hat is the structuraleature characteriin reducin suar%

Q-2 'hat is meant by inversion o suar or invert suar%Q-3 'hat is lycosidic linae%Q-4 'hat products are e6pected $hen lactose! sucrose and maltose are

hydrolyed%

Q-" 0escribe our unctions o carbohydrates in the livin oranisms.Q-& 'hy are carbohydrates enerally optically active%Q- Dtarch is a ood or human beins but not the cellulose. 'hy%Q-, 'hat are the chie sources o the ollo$in suars (carbohydrates)>

i. Jlucoseii. 5ructoseiii. Aaltoseiv. Iactosev. Dtarchvi. ellulose

Q- 'hat are anomers and anomeric carbon%Q-1/ 'hat are essential and non-essential amino acids% Jive three e6amples or

each.Q-11 'hat is the X$itter ion. Jive an e6ample.Q-12 9n electrolysis in acidic solution! amino acids mirate to$ards cathode $hile

in alaline solution these mirate to$ards anode. Jive reason.Q-13 L6plain the term so-electric point o an amino acid.Q-14 Name the disease $hich is caused by the lac o essential amino acid in diet.Q-1" #o$ are oliopeptides diKerent rom polypeptide%

Q-1& 'hat is a peptide linae%

Ui 1 8OL


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important questions 2016

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