Imperialism Imperialism

in North Africain North Africa

North AfricaNorth Africa North Africa Coast is made up of 4 North Africa Coast is made up of 4

Muslim States: Muslim States: Morocco, Algeria, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia Libya and Egypt.Tunisia Libya and Egypt.

AlgeriaAlgeria

Home of Home of

the Barbary the Barbary

PiratesPirates

~ ~ French complain French complain about the Barbary about the Barbary Pirates.Pirates.

AlgeriaAlgeriaThe Algerian Ruler hits the French The Algerian Ruler hits the French Consul with a fly swatter.Consul with a fly swatter.

Becomes a national insult to the Becomes a national insult to the French and they use it as an excuse French and they use it as an excuse to move troops into Algeria.to move troops into Algeria.

AlgeriaAlgeria Pirates raid and sink merchant ships Pirates raid and sink merchant ships

and give France an excuse to and give France an excuse to intervene.intervene.

AlgeriaAlgeria France invades Algeria to stop France invades Algeria to stop

pirates and finds rich land; export pirates and finds rich land; export farm products, wine and meat.farm products, wine and meat.

AlgeriaAlgeria French take over the best land French take over the best land

and develop businesses on the and develop businesses on the Mediterranean.Mediterranean.

MoroccoMorocco Very strategic Very strategic

locationlocation Control the Control the

Straits of Straits of GibraltarGibraltar

Open to the Open to the MediterraneaMediterraneann

MoroccoMorocco Good for TradeGood for Trade Re-supply ShipsRe-supply Ships Time of WarTime of War Western border toWestern border to

AlgeriaAlgeria France also takes France also takes

control of Moroccocontrol of Morocco

CompetitionCompetition European rivalries flared in North Africa European rivalries flared in North Africa

because of the strategic importance of because of the strategic importance of the countries on the Mediterranean and the countries on the Mediterranean and proximity to Europe.proximity to Europe.

France calls a conference in Algiers France calls a conference in Algiers with other powers to determine with other powers to determine protectorates.protectorates.

Algiers Algiers ConferenceConference

Spain ----- Spanish MoroccoSpain ----- Spanish Morocco France ------ Algeria, TunisiaFrance ------ Algeria, Tunisia Italy -------- LibyaItaly -------- Libya Britain -------- Egypt, Cyprus, SudanBritain -------- Egypt, Cyprus, Sudan Germany ------- Gets Nothing, gets Germany ------- Gets Nothing, gets

really upset until France gives them really upset until France gives them Southwest AfricaSouthwest Africa

TunisiaTunisia Poor backward nationPoor backward nation The leader constantly The leader constantly

borrows money and borrows money and is always in debt.is always in debt.

Britain and France Britain and France both interested in both interested in TunisiaTunisia

They strike a deal They strike a deal and France gets and France gets Tunisia, Britain gets Tunisia, Britain gets island of Cyprusisland of Cyprus

TunisiaTunisia Tunisia situation brings out 2 Tunisia situation brings out 2

characteristics of Imperialism:characteristics of Imperialism:

1. Dangerous rivalry among European 1. Dangerous rivalry among European

Powers Powers 2. Using “loans” and “incidents” to 2. Using “loans” and “incidents” to

justifyjustify

adding territoriesadding territories

TunisiaTunisia The Suez Canal is sold by Egypt The Suez Canal is sold by Egypt

to the British because the to the British because the Egyptians needed money.Egyptians needed money.

The Suez Canal gave the British The Suez Canal gave the British a short cut for trade from the a short cut for trade from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea in Mediterranean to the Red Sea in order to reach India faster. order to reach India faster.

This short cut This short cut gives the gives the British a huge British a huge advantage advantage over other over other European European powers.powers.

Suez CanalSuez Canal

Sub-Sahara AfricaSub-Sahara Africa

Belgian CongoBelgian Congo

Explored by Henry Stanley Explored by Henry Stanley (British Reporter/Explorer)(British Reporter/Explorer)

Discovers Dr. David Livingstone Discovers Dr. David Livingstone in the junglein the jungle

Belgian CongoBelgian Congo King Leopold II of Belgium annexed King Leopold II of Belgium annexed

this territory as his personal property this territory as his personal property because he dreamed of controlling a because he dreamed of controlling a vast African Empirevast African Empire

Belgian CongoBelgian Congo Stanley signed treaties with the Stanley signed treaties with the

natives for small gifts, tricking them natives for small gifts, tricking them into giving up their territories to into giving up their territories to Belgium. When they refused he Belgium. When they refused he imposed brutal force to get his way.imposed brutal force to get his way.

Belgian CongoBelgian Congo The most valuable The most valuable

resource in the resource in the Congo was rubber Congo was rubber plants.plants.

These plants were These plants were harvested on large harvested on large plantations and sent plantations and sent back to Europe to be back to Europe to be used in factories.used in factories.

Belgian CongoBelgian Congo The Belgians set unrealistic quotas The Belgians set unrealistic quotas

for rubber in the Congo.for rubber in the Congo.

If the Africans were caught stealing, If the Africans were caught stealing, trying to escape or missed their trying to escape or missed their quotas they would have their hands quotas they would have their hands chopped off.chopped off.

Belgian CongoBelgian Congo Belgian Government took control in Belgian Government took control in

1908 because of Leopold’s cruel 1908 because of Leopold’s cruel treatment of the nativestreatment of the natives

Union of South Union of South AfricaAfrica

Union of South Union of South AfricaAfrica

First settled by First settled by the the

Dutch called Dutch called

““Boers”Boers”

in 1632in 1632

BoersBoers Similar to Similar to

American American pioneers pioneers moved inland moved inland in covered in covered wagonswagons

Known as the Known as the “Great Trek”“Great Trek”

BoersBoers Fought against the Zulu tribesmen Fought against the Zulu tribesmen

instead of Indiansinstead of Indians

BoersBoers After gold and diamonds were After gold and diamonds were

discovered the British wanted the discovered the British wanted the territoryterritory

Boer WarBoer War The Boer War The Boer War

was significant was significant because it was because it was one of the first one of the first European wars European wars fought in fought in separate separate country and country and with modern with modern weapons.weapons.

Boer WarBoer War The British prevailed in the Boer War The British prevailed in the Boer War

and took control of South Africa.and took control of South Africa.

Cecil RhodesCecil Rhodes British Imperialist British Imperialist

who became the who became the Prime Minister of the Prime Minister of the Colony of South Colony of South Africa.Africa.

He had a grand plan He had a grand plan for British empire for British empire throughout the throughout the world.world.

Cecil RhodesCecil Rhodes Cecil Rhodes – Cecil Rhodes –

British Imperialist British Imperialist believed that believed that Britain should Britain should control all of Africa control all of Africa “From Cairo to “From Cairo to Capetown”Capetown”

He planned to build He planned to build a railroad across a railroad across the continent.the continent.