Imperialism in IndiaImperialism in India

SS 9SS 9

Ms. RebeccaMs. Rebecca

ImperialismImperialism

The Process of one The Process of one people ruling or people ruling or controlling anothercontrolling another

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Do Now:Do Now:Why would Why would countries In Europe countries In Europe want to go to Asia want to go to Asia and Africa to and Africa to conquer land? conquer land?

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Check for understandingCheck for understandingGet out the questions you had to answer at the Get out the questions you had to answer at the end of the last class:end of the last class:

Why did Europeans want to rule Africa? Why did Europeans want to rule Africa? What did Europeans think about What did Europeans think about imperialisimperialis

mm?? What did Africans think about What did Africans think about imperialism?imperialism?

How did the Industrial Revolution lead to How did the Industrial Revolution lead to imim perialism? perialism? List at least 2 things that happe List at least 2 things that happe

ned during the Industrial Revolution that le ned during the Industrial Revolution that le d to imperialism. d to imperialism.

How was it possible for European How was it possible for European countries to take over?countries to take over?

1. New 1. New Technologies like:Technologies like:

- Better weapons- Better weapons

-African and Asian -African and Asian weapon makers weapon makers couldn’t competecouldn’t compete

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2. Weakening 2. Weakening Empires Empires in in

-India-India

-China-China

Because these empires were weak, Because these empires were weak, European armies could just walk in European armies could just walk in and take over.and take over.

How was it possible for European How was it possible for European countries to take over?countries to take over?

Empire:Empire:11 . a group . a group

of countries of countries under the ru under the ru

le of a single le of a single person or so person or so vereign stat vereign stat

e e

British British Empire in Empire in 18971897

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TodayTodayWe’ll talk about We’ll talk about India!India!

British East India CompanyBritish East India CompanyA. First A. First Imperialism in India Imperialism in India was was NOTNOT done by done by British British government!government!

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Imperialism in India started with a Imperialism in India started with a trading companytrading company

The British East The British East India CompanyIndia Company::

The company was The company was started to control started to control trade between trade between Britain, India, and Britain, India, and East Asia. East Asia.

VERY VERY POWERFUL!POWERFUL!

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II. A Little Background History of II. A Little Background History of IndiaIndia

Mughal Empire Mughal Empire (government in (government in India) broke apart India) broke apart into small states in into small states in the mid-1700s with the mid-1700s with one ruler for each one ruler for each state.state.

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A. What did the British do about A. What did the British do about this?this?

i. They told each i. They told each ruler that they ruler that they should have British should have British support to keep support to keep their throne and their throne and power.power.

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What did the British do about this?What did the British do about this?

ii. British convinced Indian rulers of ii. British convinced Indian rulers of different states to compete with each different states to compete with each other and not work together. other and not work together. Created chaos and disorganization Created chaos and disorganization between states.between states.

What did the British do about this?What did the British do about this?

iii. Britain could just come in with iii. Britain could just come in with armies and take over with the armies and take over with the “excuse” of “helping” to bring order “excuse” of “helping” to bring order to India. to India.

Britain was the Britain was the Mother Country Mother Country to to “help raise” the child: India“help raise” the child: India

Really the British were one of the Really the British were one of the biggest causes of the chaos!biggest causes of the chaos!

III. How did the British East India III. How did the British East India Company change India?Company change India?

1. New Education 1. New Education systemsystem

Teach EnglishTeach English

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How did the British East India How did the British East India Company change India?Company change India?

2. New Laws: 2. New Laws: banned some banned some customs like customs like “Sati”- widows “Sati”- widows killing themselves killing themselves by jumping into by jumping into their husband’s their husband’s funeral fire. funeral fire.

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What do you think?What do you think?

Should the British have made a law Should the British have made a law against a custom like “sati”?against a custom like “sati”?

How did the British East India How did the British East India Company change India?Company change India?

3. Religion: 3. Religion: Christian Christian Missionaries Missionaries came to spread came to spread their beliefs in their beliefs in India.India.

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IV. How did Indians feel about the IV. How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by changes made to their country by

the British?the British?

What do you think?What do you think?

How did Indians feel about the How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by changes made to their country by

the British?the British?

A. Some felt that A. Some felt that the British were the British were destroying their destroying their society. society.

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How did Indians feel about the How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by changes made to their country by

the British?the British?

So what did So what did the upset the upset Indians do?Indians do?

How did Indians feel about the How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by changes made to their country by

the British?the British?

1. 1. The Sepoy The Sepoy Mutiny 1857Mutiny 1857

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How did Indians feel about the How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by changes made to their country by

the British?the British?

SepoySepoy: Indian : Indian soldiers who fought soldiers who fought in the British armyin the British army

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How did Indians feel about the How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by changes made to their country by

the British?the British?

What happened?What happened?

British didn’t British didn’t respect Hindu or respect Hindu or Muslim cultureMuslim culture

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According to Hindu According to Hindu and Muslim religion and Muslim religion there are rules there are rules about eating Pork about eating Pork or Beefor Beef

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But the new British guns required But the new British guns required soldiers to bite ammunition capsules soldiers to bite ammunition capsules greased with pork and beef fat.greased with pork and beef fat.

ii. What did the Sepoys do?ii. What did the Sepoys do?

The refused to use the British guns The refused to use the British guns because it was against their religionbecause it was against their religion

They were punishedThey were punished

Others heard and were furious!Others heard and were furious!

Started a revolt and fought the Started a revolt and fought the British army (that they used to fight British army (that they used to fight FOR)FOR)

Brutal: Some even killed British Brutal: Some even killed British women and childrenwomen and children

British equally meanBritish equally mean

-some British soldiers strapped -some British soldiers strapped Indians to cannons so they couldn’t Indians to cannons so they couldn’t easily escape and then shot them. easily escape and then shot them.

AlsoAlso

Villages that were thought to be Villages that were thought to be helping the Sepoys were completely helping the Sepoys were completely burned down.burned down.

2 YEARS OF FIGHTING!2 YEARS OF FIGHTING!

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iii. Resultsiii. ResultsThe British didn’t The British didn’t want any more want any more conflict so they conflict so they took the British took the British East India East India Company OUT of Company OUT of IndiaIndia

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iii. Resultsiii. ResultsBritish British GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT began to rule India began to rule India directly.directly.

But the Indians still But the Indians still didn’t trust the didn’t trust the BritishBritish

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India=Britains most important India=Britains most important colonycolony

Called the Jewel in Called the Jewel in the crownthe crown

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Why was India so important to Why was India so important to Britain?Britain?

Political Rewards Political Rewards

Financial Rewards (Make money by Financial Rewards (Make money by selling in India AND by getting goods selling in India AND by getting goods from India to trade)from India to trade)

National Pride (I’m so awesome I can National Pride (I’m so awesome I can take over India!)take over India!)

BUT for the Indians, British rule BUT for the Indians, British rule was:was:

FrustratingFrustrating

HumiliatingHumiliating

Led to Led to Nationalism: Nationalism: Pride in one’s Pride in one’s own country (Indians began to take own country (Indians began to take more pride in their own “Indian” more pride in their own “Indian” culture) Wanted to culture) Wanted to defend defend their their own own culture.culture.

How would you feel if your country How would you feel if your country was taken over by the British?was taken over by the British?

Write for 5 min about itWrite for 5 min about it

How did the British Rule?How did the British Rule?

ICS:(Indian Civil Service) ICS:(Indian Civil Service) Government agency that ran India.Government agency that ran India.

Mostly British peopleMostly British people

Made educated Indians frustrated Made educated Indians frustrated because they wanted a say in because they wanted a say in their their own own government! government!

How did British Officials feel?How did British Officials feel?Thought they were Thought they were better than the better than the IndiansIndians

RacistRacist

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How did British Officials feel?How did British Officials feel?They lived in They lived in separate separate neighborhoods and neighborhoods and belonged to private belonged to private clubs away from clubs away from IndiansIndians

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How did British Officials feel?How did British Officials feel?Said they were Said they were doing doing goodgood..

They improved They improved Indians’ lives Indians’ lives

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Changes in India that were “good”Changes in India that were “good”

English spreadEnglish spread

New Government New Government helped “organize” helped “organize” IndiaIndia

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New Educational New Educational system system (British=better)(British=better)

Transportation Transportation (railroad) and built (railroad) and built roadsroads

British built: Dams, British built: Dams, and hospitalsand hospitals

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RailroadRailroad

British built a HUGE network of British built a HUGE network of railroads to help move troops and railroads to help move troops and products. products.

By 1910 4By 1910 4thth biggest railroad network biggest railroad network IN THE WORLD!IN THE WORLD!

Why Bad for Indian businessWhy Bad for Indian business

Britain could make cloth cheaper Britain could make cloth cheaper because of the Industrial Revolution because of the Industrial Revolution and Indian cloth makers made cloth and Indian cloth makers made cloth by hand. They couldn’t compete.by hand. They couldn’t compete.

NationalismNationalismLove of your own Love of your own countrycountry

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Rise of Indian NationalismRise of Indian Nationalism

Many Indians were upset about the Many Indians were upset about the changes that were made to their changes that were made to their country by the British.country by the British.

Rise of Indian NationalismRise of Indian Nationalism

Middle class educated Indians were Middle class educated Indians were upset because they weren’t upset because they weren’t participating in government.participating in government.

Rise of Indian NationalismRise of Indian NationalismIronic: Because Ironic: Because Indians were Indians were inspired to fight for inspired to fight for rights that the rights that the BRITISH had.BRITISH had.

They learned about They learned about rights FROM the rights FROM the people who were people who were taking their rights taking their rights away!away!

Magna Carta-Peoples’ rights in Britain

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Rise of Indian NationalismRise of Indian Nationalism

Indians wanted rights like:Indians wanted rights like:

Freedom of SpeechFreedom of Speech

Freedom of ReligionFreedom of Religion

Representation in governmentRepresentation in government

How did the Indians fight for their How did the Indians fight for their rightsrights

Organized the first Organized the first Indian Nationalist Indian Nationalist Organization: Organization: Indian National Indian National Congress Congress (1885)(1885)

Set up by English Set up by English speaking speaking

Mostly HindusMostly Hindus

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How did the Indians fight for their How did the Indians fight for their rightsrights

Peaceful at firstPeaceful at first

But later became But later became more extrememore extreme

SawadeshiSawadeshi: : boycott boycott (don’t (don’t buy)buy) British goods.British goods.

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How did the Indians fight for their How did the Indians fight for their rightsrights

Indian people only bought Indian Indian people only bought Indian things and only wore Indian clothesthings and only wore Indian clothes

Some attacked British officials (and Some attacked British officials (and were punished)were punished)

It worked!......sort ofIt worked!......sort of

The British agreed to some things The British agreed to some things like: increasing the number of like: increasing the number of Indians in government but most were Indians in government but most were Hindu.Hindu.

Muslim League formed (1906)Muslim League formed (1906)Most leaders in the Most leaders in the INC (Indian INC (Indian National Congress) National Congress) were Hindu. were Hindu. Muslims wanted to Muslims wanted to have a say in have a say in government too.government too.

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Exit slip:Exit slip:Before you leave answer the Before you leave answer the following question to turn in before following question to turn in before the end of class:the end of class:How did the British feel about the How did the British feel about the Indian people? How did the British Indian people? How did the British treat the Indian people? Why?treat the Indian people? Why?What questions do you have about What questions do you have about Imperialism in India? Is there Imperialism in India? Is there anything you are confused about?anything you are confused about?

Key TermsKey TermsDefine the following terms:Define the following terms:Indian National CongressIndian National CongressBoycottBoycottEmpireEmpireImperialismImperialismControlControlMother CountryMother CountryConquerConquerChristianityChristianityRacismRacismCultureCultureResourcesResourcesTradeTradeInvadeInvade

Reading GroupsReading GroupsIn your groups, read your assigned In your groups, read your assigned reading and circle any words/ideas reading and circle any words/ideas you don’t understand and draw a ?you don’t understand and draw a ?

1. 1. Ping, Ian and PomPing, Ian and Pom – History Atlas reading: – History Atlas reading: Underline Underline GOOD GOOD things about Imperialism in things about Imperialism in IndiaIndia2. 2. Ploy, Champ, Shogo, LekPloy, Champ, Shogo, Lek - History Atlas - History Atlas reading: Underline reading: Underline BAD BAD things about Imperialism things about Imperialism in Indiain India3. 3. Jin Sun, DaSom, Paan, NewJin Sun, DaSom, Paan, New – The British in – The British in India reading: Underline India reading: Underline GOOD GOOD things about things about Imperialism in IndiaImperialism in India4. 4. Mile, Lucky, MimMile, Lucky, Mim - The British in India reading: - The British in India reading: Underline BADUnderline BAD things about Imperialism in Indiathings about Imperialism in IndiaBe prepared to share with the class!Be prepared to share with the class!