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Ag Briefs October, 2010 1

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INSECTICIDE EFFICACY IN ICEBERG LETTUCE, 2009 ……………………………………………………...…… Eric T. Natwick

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EFFECTS OF FUMIGATION ON MELON VINE DECLINE ……………. ………………………………………. Donna R. Henderson

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IRRIGATE JUDICIOUSLY TO PRESERVE HEALTHY SOIL PROPERTIES …………………..… Khaled M. Bali and Keith S. Mayberry*

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INSECTICIDE EFFICACY FOR WHITEFLY IN CABBAGE, 2009 …………………………………………………………... Eric T. Natwick

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21ST ANNUAL FALL DESERT CROPS WORKSHOP NOV. 23, 2010 ……………………………………………………………………………..

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CIMIS REPORT AND UC DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PUBLICATIONS …………………... Khaled M. Bali and Steve Burch

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*Keith S. Mayberry, Emeritus Vegetable Crops Advisor

Imperial CountyImperial CountyImperial CountyImperial County Agricultural Briefs

Features

October, 2010

From your Farm Advisors

Ag Briefs – October, 2010 2

INSECTICIDE EFFICACY IN ICEBERG LETTUCE, 2009 Eric T. Natwick The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of various insecticides for control of Sweetpotato whitefly (SWF),

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) – biotype B, Beet armyworm (BAW), Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), and Cabbage looper

(CL), Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) on iceberg head lettuce under desert growing conditions. Head lettuce (MOHAWK M.I.)

was direct seeded on 10 Sep 2009 at the University of California Desert Research and Extension Center, El Centro, CA

into double row beds on 40 inch centers. Stand establishment was achieved using overhead sprinkler irrigation, and

irrigated with furrow irrigation thereafter. Plots were four beds 13.3 ft wide by 50 ft long and bordered by one untreated

bed. Four replications of each treatment were arranged in a RCB design. Insecticidal compounds, formulations and

application rates along with treatment dates are provided in Table 1. The in-furrow, at-planting applications of Widow

and of Durivo were shank injected 2 inches below the seed on 9 Sep 2009 and 10 Sep 2009, respectively. All other

insecticide treatments were foliar sprays applied with a Lee Spider Spray TracTractor 4-row sprayer with three TJ-60

11003VS nozzles per row that delivered a broadcast application at 35 psi and 72 gpa on the dates indicated in Table 1. An

adjuvant, Dyne-Amic (Helena Chemical Co.) was added to each foliar spray mixture at 0.25% vol/vol. Numbers of SWF

adults from a single basal leaf of 10 random plants per plot in each replicate were recorded on 25 Sep, 5 Oct and 16 Oct

(Table 2). Numbers of SWF eggs and nymphs per 1.65 cm2 leaf disk from 10 basal leaves of 10 random plants per plot in

each replicate were recorded on 28 Sep, 5 Oct and 16 Oct (Tables 3 and 4). Numbers of BAW larvae and CL larvae per

plant from 10 random plants per plot in each replicate were recorded on 25 Sep, 5 Oct, 14 Oct, 21 Oct, 27 Oct, 3 Nov, 13

Nov, 19 Nov, and 24 Nov (Tables 5 and 6). Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Differences among means on each

sampling date and in each experiment were determined using Least Significant Difference Test (P=0.05). Log10 (X+1)

transformations were used, as needed, with back-transformed means presented in tables.

SWF population levels were moderate during this trial. There were no differences among the treatments fo numbers of

SWF adults on 25 Sep and 16 Oct, but all of the insecticide treatments significantly (P=0.05) reduced numbers of SWF

adults compared to the untreated control on the 5 Oct except Widow followed by Coragen at16.0 oz per acre and 4.25 oz

per acre, respectively (Table 2). None of the insecticide treatments had fewer SWF eggs or nymphs compared to the check

on 28 Sep and 16 Oct, but all insecticide treatments had fewer SWF eggs and nymphs than the check on 5 Oct (Tables 3

and 4).

The population levels of BAW and CL were low during this trial. None of the insecticide treatments had fewer BAW

larvae compared to the check on 25 Sep, 13 Nov, 19 Nov and 24 Nov. All insecticide treatments, except Widow followed

by Coragen, had significantly fewer (P=0.05) BAW larvae than the check on 5 Oct (Tables 5). On 14 Oct, all insecticide


treatments except the treatments with Orthene 97 and intrepid had fewer BAW larvae than the check. On 21 October, only

Radiant and Durivo at 13 oz/acre did not have fewer BAW larvae than the check. All insecticide treatment except Radiant,

Durivo at 13 oz per acre, and Voliam Xpress had fewer BAW larvae than the check. On 27 October, only Radiant, Widow

followed by Orthene 97, Voliam Xpress and Durivo at 13 oz/acre did not have fewer BAW larvae than the check. All

insecticide treatments except Widow followed by Orthene 97 had fewer BAW larvae than the check on 3 Nov.

None of the insecticide treatments had fewer CL larvae compared to the check on 25 Sep, 5 Oct, 14 Oct, and 24 Nov. All

insecticide treatments had significantly fewer (P=0.05) CL larvae than the check on 21 Oct, 27 Oct, 3 Nov and 19 Nov

and all insecticide treatments except Coragen had fewer CL larvae than the check on 13 Nov (Tables 6). No phytotoxicity

symptoms were observed following any of the insecticide treatments.

Table 1.

Insecticide treatment list

Treatment Oz/acre Application method Treatment date

Widow f/b Coragen

16.0 f/b 4.25

In-furrow Foliar spray

9 Sep 29 Sep, 15 Oct, 16 Nov

Durivo 2.5 SC 10.3 In-furrow 10 Sep

Durivo 2.5 SC 13.0 In-furrow 10 Sep

Widow f/b Voliam Xpress alt/w Orthene 97

16.0 f/b 9.0 alt/w 12.0

In-furrow Foliar spray Foliar spray

9 Sep 29 Sep 30 Oct

Widow f/b Orthene 97 + EcozinPlus 1.2 LE

16.0 f/b 12.0 + 15.0



Widow f/b Orthene 97

16.0 f/b 16.0


9 Sep 29 Sep, 15, 30 Oct, 4 Nov

Widow f/b Radiant

16.0 f/b 5.0



Widow f/b Synapse WG

16.0 f/b 3.0



Widow f/b Intrepid

16.0 f/b 10.0


9 Sep 29 Sep, 15 Oct

Untreated Check -------- No application --------------------


Table 2.

SWF Adults per Leaf

Treatment oz/acre Application Method 28 Sep 5 Oct 16 Oct

Widow f/b Coragen

16.0 4.25

Shank injection 9 Sep Foliar 29 Sep, 15 Oct and 16 Nov 12.85 11.48 ab 1.05

Durivo 2.5 SC 10.3 Shank injection 9 Sep 6.78 11.18 abc 1.65

Durivo 2.5 SC 13.0 Shank injection 9 Sep 9.55 6.53 bcd 1.80


16.0 9.0 12.0

Shank injection 9 Sep Foliar 29 Sep 30 Oct

9.25 6.15 bcd 3.40


16.0 12.0 + 15.0

Shank injection 9 Sep

Foliar 29 Sep, 15 Oct, 4 Nov 8.20 5.83 bcd 1.35


16.0 16.0

Shank injection 9 Foliar 29 Sep, 15, 30 Oct, 4 Nov

10.10 3.25 d 0.75

Widow f/b Radiant

16.0 5.0

Shank injection 9 Sep Foliar 29 Sep, 15 Oct, 4 Nov

8.83 4.00 d 1.65


16.0 3.0


9.48 7.10 bcd 12.10

Widow f/b Intrepid

16.0 10.0

Shank injection 9 Sep Foliar 29 Sep and 15 Oct

11.70 4.88 cd 1.20

Untreated Check -------- No insecticide applications 7.55 13.60 a 7.20

Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, ANOVA; LSD (P<0.05).


Table 3.

SWF Eggs per cm2 Leaf Disk

Treatment oz/acre Application Method 28 Sep 5 Octz 16 Octz

Widow f/b Coragen

16.0 4.25

Shank injection 9 Sep Foliar 29 Sep, 15 Oct and 16 Nov 19.24 0.48 d 0.76 abc

Durivo 2.5 SC 10.3 Shank injection 9 Sep 18.24 0.68 cd 1.00 ab

Durivo 2.5 SC 13.0 Shank injection 9 Sep 23.08 2.02 b 1.61 a


16.0 9.0 12.0


18.61 1.20 bcd 0.21 bc


16.0 12.0 + 15.0


Foliar 29 Sep, 15 Oct, 4 Nov 18.77 0.71 cd 0.24 bc


16.0 16.0


18.30 0.50 d 0.94 ab

Widow f/b Radiant

16.0 5.0


17.97 1.59 bc 0.30 bc


16.0 3.0


19.34 0.64 cd 0.12 c

Widow f/b Intrepid

16.0 10.0


15.44 0.68 cd 0.27 bc

Untreated Check -------- No insecticide applications 31.40 5.25 a 0.52 bc


z Log transformed data used for analysis, but actual means shown.


Table 4.

SWF Nymphs per cm2 Leaf Disk


Widow f/b Coragen

16.0 4.25

Shank injection 9 Sep Foliar 29 Sep, 15 Oct and 16 Nov 0.24 0.14 b 0.15

Durivo 2.5 SC 10.3 Shank injection 9 Sep 0.26 0.12 b 0.64

Durivo 2.5 SC 13.0 Shank injection 9 Sep 0.94 0.08 b 0.15


16.0 9.0 12.0


0.24 0.06 b 0.09


16.0 12.0 + 15.0


Foliar 29 Sep, 15 Oct, 4 Nov 1.52 0.06 b 0.06


16.0 16.0


0.55 0.02 b 0.12

Widow f/b Radiant

16.0 5.0


1.93 0.00 b 0.24


16.0 3.0


0.73 0.03 b 0.27

Widow f/b Intrepid

16.0 10.0


0.53 0.05 b 0.21

Untreated Check -------- No insecticide applications 0.35 1.03 a 0.15



Table 5. Beet armyworm Larvae per Ten Lettuce Plants

Treatment oz/acre 25 Sep 5 Oct 14 Oct 21 Oct 27 Oct 3 Novz 13 Nov 19 Nov 24 Nov

Widow Coragen

16.0 4.25 1.00 1.50 a 0.75 bc 0.00 b 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.25 0.00 0.00

Durivo 2.5 SC 10.3 0.25 0.00 b 0.25 bc 0.00 b 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 0.00 0.00

Durivo 2.5 SC 13.0 0.25 0.00 b 0.25 bc 0.75 ab 0.50 abc 0.00 c 0.00 0.00 0.25

Widow f/b Voliam Xpress Orthene 97

16.0 9.0 12.0

0.50 0.00 b 0.00 c 1.50 a 0.25 bc 0.19 bc 0.25 0.25 0.00

Widow Orthene 97 + EcozinPlus

16.0 12.0 + 15.0

1.50 0.00 b 2.00 a 0.25 b 0.00 c 0.86 bc 0.00 0.75 0.50

Widow Orthene 97

16.0 16.0

0.00 0.00 b 1.25 ab 0.25 b 1.25 a 1.21 ab 0.00 0.25 0.25

Widow Radiant

16.0 5.0

0.00 0.25 b 0.25 bc 0.75 ab 0.50 abc 0.00 c 0.00 0.00 0.00

Widow Synapse WG

16.0 3.0

1.00 0.00 b 0.75 bc 0.00 b 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 0.25 0.25

Widow Intrepid

16.0 10.0

0.25 0.00 b 1.00 abc 0.00 b 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 0.00 0.00

Untreated Check

-------- 0.00 1.50 a 2.00 a 1.25 a 1.00 ab 2.94 a 0.00 0.00 0.25


z Log transformed data used for analysis, but actual means shown.


Table 6. Cabbage Looper Larvae per Ten Lettuce Plants

Treatment oz/acre 25 Sep 5 Oct 14 Oct 21 Oct 27 Oct 3 Nov 13 Nov 19 Nov 24 Nov

Widow Coragen

16.0 4.25

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 c 1.25 a 0.25 b 0.00

Durivo 2.5 SC 10.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.50 b 0.50 b 0.00

Durivo 2.5 SC 13.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.25 b 0.25 b 0.00

Widow f/b Voliam Xpress Orthene 97

16.0 9.0 12.0

0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 c 0.25 bc 0.00 c 0.00 b 0.00 b 0.00

Widow Orthene 97 + EcozinPlus

16.0 12.0 + 15.0

0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.25 b 0.25 b 0.00

Widow Orthene 97

16.0 16.0

0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 b 0.00 b 0.00

Widow Radiant

16.0 5.0

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 b 0.50 b 0.75 b 0.00 b 0.00 b 0.00

Widow Synapse WG

16.0 3.0

0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.50 b 0.50 b 0.00

Widow Intrepid

16.0 10.0

0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 c 0.00 b 0.00 b 0.00

Untreated Check

-------- 0.00 0.00 0.25 1.00 a 1.25 a 1.50 a 1.50 a 1.75 a 0.50



Effects of Fumigation on Melon Vine Decline Donna Henderson

Melon Vine Decline, caused by Monosporascus cannonballus is a root disease of melon. M. cannonballus is indigenous in

the Imperial Valley, and also found in Arizona, Texas, and throughout the world. M. cannonballus has a small host range,

able to infect cantaloupe, watermelon, and mixed melons. Symptoms above ground include foliar chlorosis of crown

leaves, belowground roots appear relatively healthy, with little or no significant root rot. However, 1-2 weeks prior to

harvest, there is a field-wide collapse of vines with subsequent production of the perithecia and ascospores on dying roots.

In field and greenhouse studies, it has been observed that this fungus infects the roots of plants within the first three weeks

after seed germination. The fungus maintains a low profile during the growing season, until certain environmental and

host conditions change approximately 35-70 days after planting (1-2 weeks before harvest) and lesions on the roots begin

to appear with subsequent field collapse. Canopy collapse is enhanced by: water stress, heavy fruit load, insect

infestations, high ambient temperatures, and number of roots with lesions.

Canopy collapse occurs when the plant finally reacts to the fungal infection. The plant reacts by forming balloons, or

tyloses, inside the xylem tissue of the roots that are meant to limit the spread of the fungal pathogen. However, these

tyloses obstruct water uptake, resulting in the observed canopy wilting and collapse. Essentially, the plant immune

defense results in causing a susceptible reation instead of a usual resistance reaction.

Management includes a pre-plant fumigation, and post-harvest root cultivation to air-dry roots or metam sodium

application. Avoid glyphosate plant destruction, this actually causes more spores to be produced resulting in more fungi

for next year. Preplant fumigation with Chloropicrin applied in water at 21.96 lb/acre through buried drip irrigation tape to

either tarped or nontarped beds was found to significantly reduce the percentages of both infected roots and perithecia

formation on roots compared with nonfumigated controls (Stanghellini et al., 2003).

In summary, reduce melon vine decline infection by applying a pre-plant fumigation with chloropicrin, and manage

infected fields by cultivating and air-drying the roots or applying metam sodium in order to prevent the fungus from

producing more spores in your field.


Irrigate Judiciously to Preserve Healthy Soil Properties Khaled M. Bali and Keith S. Mayberry* When it is hot there is a tendency to irrigate more frequently and apply copious quantities of water to emerging crops.

However, too much water can cause as much harm as too little water to the soil and the crop. Consider the following

points:

Air/Water Spaces: Between soil particles are void spaces called “pores” that are occupied by air and water. These pores

occupy about 50% of the soil’s volume. If water is filling up the pores, then most of the air is displaced. As the water is

used by plants, evaporates, or it drains away, the air returns. If too much water is applied then the pore spaces remain

filled with water. This creates an unfavorable condition for plant roots that need soil oxygen to survive. Root hairs start to

die and become nonfunctional restricting the uptake of water and nutrients to the foliage.

Leaching of Nitrogen Fertilizer: Water is needed to satisfy the photosynthesis needs of plants and to drain salts from the

plant root zone. Excessive amounts of water applied increase drainage volume and thus increase the loss of water-soluble

nitrate-nitrogen. With fertilizer prices being high, conservation of nitrogen for plant use should be practiced. You only

need to apply enough water to meet crop water requirements (Evapotranspiration) during the early stages of crop growth.

Additional water for leaching should be applied at or toward the end of vegetable crop season. Additional water for

leaching is not needed during the growing season (vegetable crops only). For field crops, particularly alfalfa, additional

water for leaching may be needed during the year. Leaching is most effective at the end of the growing season after the

removal of the crop, working the soil out and applying a leaching irrigation.

Destruction of Soil Structure: If free water starts on soils, the soil structure starts to disintegrate. Soil aggregates melt

into a puddle like condition and pore space disappears. It becomes difficult to move water and air through a puddle soil.

In addition crusting of the soil surface occurs restricting the emergence of crop seedlings. To prevent this condition

sprinkler water must be applied at a rate lower than the water penetration rate of the soil. Droplet size also affects the

formation of “seals” on bare soil surface and restricts the water movement into the soil. Small droplets cause less pressure

on the soil surface than larger droplets. Therefore, small droplets have less impact on reducing water penetration rate than

larger droplets. Nozzle opening size and operating pressure have great impact on the droplet size. Make sure you run your

sprinkler system at a pressure consistent with the recommendation of the manufacturer of the sprinklers. If water starts to

stand on newly planted vegetable beds, turn off the sprinklers! A good irrigator can sequence sprinkler sets across the


field to keep the water moving from set to set to prevent puddling. Use same size sprinkler heads on all sprinklers. If you

use different heads on the same set, then you will have poor uniformity (too much water in certain areas and not enough

water in other areas).

Soil Toxins: Organic matter within the soil is broken down naturally by soil microbes. This is a beneficial process that

recycles nutrients, improves soil porosity, and supports microbial life. In saturated soils the lack of soil oxygen kills off

the aerobic organisms (the ones that use oxygen) and in their place populations of anaerobic organisms develop. The

anaerobes do not need as much oxygen to survive and generally fulfill their needs by extracting chemical oxygen from

products such as organic matter and fertilizers. However the anaerobes produce poisonous by-products that injure plant

roots. Some of the by-products mimic herbicides in their effect.

Algae: The presence of algae on the soil surface is a clear sign that the soil surface has been wet for an extended period of

time. Most plants do not grow well when this condition exists. The presence of algae is usually associated with anaerobic

conditions. Plants suffer due to the lack of oxygen.

Soil Compaction: Plant roots need oxygen and must respire constantly for optimum growth and production. Poor

aeration, due to soil compaction and ponded water, can induce early wilting and produce numerous chemical products

related to anaerobic conditions that are toxic to plants. Soil compaction occurs when soil is subjected to pressure. The

application of pressure to any soil at any soil moisture level results in expulsion of air from the soil and gradual increase

in density and water content. Dry soils usually resist compaction because of their stiff structure. However, in wet soils, the

resistance to deformation is reduced and the soil becomes more susceptible to deformation and compaction. Avoiding

cultural practices when the soil is wet can eliminate severe cases of soil compaction.

* Keith S. Mayberry, Emeritus Vegetable Crops Advisor


INSECTICIDE EFFICACY FOR WHITEFLY

IN CABBAGE, 2009

Eric T. Natwick The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of insecticides for control of Sweetpotato whitefly

(SWF), Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B on cabbage under desert growing conditions. Cabbage (Head

Start) was direct seeded on 11 Sep 2009 at the University of California Desert Research and Extension Center,

El Centro, CA into double row beds on 40 inch centers. Stand establishment was achieved using overhead

sprinkler irrigation, and irrigated with furrow irrigation thereafter. Plots were four beds 13.3 ft wide by 40 ft

long and bordered by one untreated bed. Five replications of each treatment were arranged in a RCB design.

Insecticidal compounds, formulations, application rates, application methods and treatment dates are provided

in Table 1. The in-furrow at-planting applications of Venom Insecticide and Clutch 2.13 SC were injected in

15 gpa insecticide and H2O mixtures 2 inches below the seed on 10 Sep 2009. All other insecticide treatments

were foliar sprays applied with a Lee Spider Spray TracTractor 4-row sprayer with three TJ-60 11003VS

nozzles per row that delivered a broadcast application at 35 psi and 72 gpa on the dates indicated in Table 1.

An adjuvant, DyneAmic (Helena Chemical Co.), was applied at 0.25% vol/vol to each foliar spray mixture.

Numbers of SWF Adult per 10 basal leaves were recorded on 28 Sep, 5 Oct and 16 Oct and numbers of SWF

eggs and nymphs per 1.65 cm2 leaf disk from 10 basal leaves were recorded on 28 Sep, 5 Oct and 16 Oct. Data

were analyzed using ANOVA. Differences among means on each sampling date and in each experiment were

determined using Least Significant Difference Test (P=0.05).

SWF population levels were moderate during this trial. None of the insecticide treatments reduced SWF adult

levels lower than the check on 28 Sep and Venom @ 5.0 oz and Clutch @ 12.0 oz had significantly (P=0.05)

more adults compared to the check (Table 2). All but Clutch @ 12.0 oz per acre had significantly fewer adults

compared to the check on 5 Oct and all insecticide treatments significantly reduced numbers of SWF adults

compared to the untreated check on 16 Oct. The check had significantly more SWF eggs than all insecticide

treatment except Clutch @ 10 and 12 oz per acre on 28 Sep (Table 3) and all insecticide treatments had

significantly fewer eggs than the check on 5 Oct and 16 Oct. There were no differences among the treatments

for SWF nymphs on 28 Sep and 5 Oct; however, all insecticide treatments except Clutch @ 12 oz per acre had

significantly fewer SWF nymphs than the check on 16 Oct (Table 4). No phytotoxicity symptoms were

observed following any of the insecticide treatments.


Table 1.

Insecticide treatment list

Treatment oz/acre Application method Application date

Untreated Check --------- ---------------------- -----------------------

Vemon* 5.0 Shank injection 10 Sep

Movento 4.0 Foliar 29 Sep and 15 Oct

Movento 5.0 Foliar 29 Sep and 15 Oct

Clutch 2.13 SC* 10.0 Shank injection 10 Sep

Clutch 2.13 SC* 12.0 Shank injection 10 Sep

*Preplant injected 2” below seed.

Table 2.

SWF Adults per Leaf


Untreated Check --------- ---------------------- 10.08 b 12.08 a 25.36 a

Vemon 5.0 Shank injection 10 Sep 19.20 a 4.46 b 11.60 c

Movento 4.0 Foliar 29 Sep and 15 Oct 9.84 b 5.06 b 19.60 ab

Movento 5.0 Foliar 29 Sep and 15 Oct 8.56 b 5.02 b 13.32 bc

Clutch 2.13 SC 10.0 Shank injection 10 Sep 11.98 b 5.60 b 16.88 bc

Clutch 2.13 SC 12.0 Shank injection 10 Sep 20.74 a 12.18 a 14.80 bc


Table 3.

SWF Eggs per cm2 Leaf Disk


Untreated Check --------- ---------------------- 61.26 abc 25.72 a 48.94 a

Vemon 5.0 Shank injection 10 Sep 51.62 bc 4.63 d 1.79 c

Movento 4.0 Foliar 29 Sep and 15 Oct 47.27 c 10.86 c 24.41 b

Movento 5.0 Foliar 29 Sep and 15 Oct 49.27 bc 12.93 bc 15.90 bc

Clutch 2.13 SC 10.0 Shank injection 10 Sep 66.59 a 16.46 bc 11.08 bc

Clutch 2.13 SC 12.0 Shank injection 10 Sep 62.34 ab 17.66 b 11.49 bc

Table 4.

SWF Nymphs per cm2 Leaf Disk


Untreated Check --------- ---------------------- 2.62 3.22 3.10 a

Vemon 5.0 Shank injection 10 Sep 0.90 1.28 0.58 c

Movento 4.0 Foliar 29 Sep and 15 Oct 1.03 1.18 0.78 c

Movento 5.0 Foliar 29 Sep and 15 Oct 1.42 2.23 0.82 c

Clutch 2.13 SC 10.0 Shank injection 10 Sep 4.67 2.43 1.02 bc

Clutch 2.13 SC 12.0 Shank injection 10 Sep 1.32 1.42 2.72 ab


21st Annual Fall Desert Crops Workshop Nov. 23 in Imperial, Calif. By Cary Blake Farm Press Editorial Staff [email protected] Southern California and southwestern Arizona growers, pest control advisers (PCAs), and allied industry members can attend the 21st annual Fall Desert Crops Workshop Nov. 23 in Imperial, Calif. at the El Centro Moose Lodge. Speakers at the free workshop will cover topics including the Asian citrus psyllid, insect management in vegetables and melons, alfalfa pests, soil-borne fungal diseases in melons, and phosphorus management in vegetables. The University of California (UC) and University of Arizona (UA) are the conference organizers. Eric Natwick, entomologist, UC Cooperative Extension (UCCE), Imperial County, is the conference chair. Western Farm Press is the official workshop sponsor. The tentative agenda includes: 7:15 Registration 7:30 Welcome - Cary Blake, associate editor, Western Farm Press, Gilbert, Ariz.; 7:35 Weevil and aphid management in alfalfa - Eric Natwick, entomology farm advisor, UC Desert Research

and Extension Center (DREC), Holtville, Calif.; 7:50 Update on the Asian citrus psyllid, Jolene Dessert, entomologist, Imperial County Agricultural

Commissioner’s Office, El Centro, Calif.; 8:10 Management tips for insects in leafy vegetables and melons – John Palumbo, entomologist, UA Yuma

Ag Center (YAC), Yuma, Ariz.; 8:30 Bell pepper production and pest control – Jose Aguiar, vegetable crops farm advisor, University of

California Cooperative Extension (UCCE), Riverside County, Indio, Calif.; 8:50 Leafhopper management in alfalfa - Vonny Barlow, entomology and agronomy farm advisor, UCCE

Riverside County, Blythe, Calif.; 9:10 Using melon herbicides effectively - Barry Tickes, weed science extension agent, YAC; 9:25 Break


9:40 Salt cedar management - Brent Boutwell, IR-4 staff research associate, UC DREC; 9:55 Don’t plant a pest - Milton McGiffen Jr., Cooperative Extension specialist and plant physiologist, UC-

Riverside, Riverside, Calif.; 10:15 Soil-borne fungal diseases in melon – Donna Henderson, plant pathology farm advisor, UC DREC; 10:30 Effective management of melon powdery mildew in the desert – Mike Matheron, plant pathologist,

YAC; 10:50 Mitigation of root-knot nematode crop damage by integration of various plant protection approaches –

Ole Becker, Cooperative Extension specialist and nematologist, UC-Riverside; 11:10 Phosphorous management for desert vegetables – Charles Sanchez, soil scientist and director, YAC; 11:30 Salinity management in desert soils – Khaled Bali, irrigation and water management advisor, DREC; 11:45 Industry updates; 12:05 Steak lunch - Provided at no charge for those who RSVP by Oct. 28, courtesy of Western Farm Press

and commercial suppliers. The times listed are California Standard Time. Arizona time is one hour later. Growers and PCAs can register at the door. Continuing education credit is pending for California and Arizona, plus CCA credit. The El Centro Moose lodge is located at 2310 Myrtle Road, Imperial, Calif. 92251. For more information and to pre-register, contact Eric Natwick, [email protected], or (760) 352-9474, or Cary Blake, Western Farm Press, [email protected], or (480) 248-9735.


CIMIS REPORT AND UC DROUGHT

MANAGEMENT PUBLICATIONS

Khaled Bali and Steve Burch* California Irrigation Management Information System (CIMIS) is a statewide network operated by California Department of Water Resources. Estimates of the daily reference evapotranspiration (ETo) for the period of October 1 to December 31 for three locations in the Imperial County are presented in Table 1. ET of a particular crop can be estimated by multiplying ETo by crop coefficients. For more information about ET and crop coefficients, contact the UC Imperial County Cooperative Extension Office (352-9474) or the IID, Irrigation Management Unit (339-9082). Please feel free to call us if you need additional weather information, or check the latest weather data on the worldwide web (http://wwwcimis.water.ca.gov/cimis/welcome.jsp).

Table 1. Estimates of daily Evapotranspiration (ETo) in inches per day

October November

December

Station 1-15

16-31

1-15

15-30

1-15

16-31

Calipatria

0.23

0.19

0.14

0.10

0.07

0.07

El Centro (Seeley)

0.23

0.17

0.13

0.09

0.06

0.06

Holtville (Meloland)

0.23

0.18

0.13

0.10

0.06

0.06

* Irrigation Management Unit, Imperial Irrigation District.

Link to UC Drought Management Publications http://ucmanagedrought.ucdavis.edu/ Heat and Farm Safety Bilingual Information

Khaled M. Bali The University of California Communication Services News & Information Outreach program published a bilingual brochure on information that helps you stay safe in the farm. For information about heat and farm safety in English and Spanish, please visit the AsisTel website: AsisTel is a bilingual toll-free information line, available nationwide. 1-800-514-4494. www.asistel.org. AsisTel de la UC: 1-800-514-4494 Servicio de Información en Español: http://espanol.ucanr.org

http://wwwcimis.water.ca.gov/cimis/welcome.jsp

http://ucmanagedrought.ucdavis.edu/

http://www.asistel.org/

http://espanol.ucanr.org/

imperial county agricultural briefsvric.ucdavis.edu/pdf/county newsletter_nr/imperialagbriefs... ·...

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